Data transmission optimization method and device in Internet of Vehicles environment, terminal equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a data transmission optimization method and device in an Internet of Vehicles environment, terminal equipment and a storage medium, a minimum data packet size is calculated according to a network protocol and throughput corresponding to a network bandwidth, and a maximum value between the minimum data packet size and a data packet size threshold value is used as a first data packet size; the size of the first data packet can simultaneously meet the requirements of network transmission and the minimum size limit of the data packet processed by the vehicle system, so that the obtained size of the first data packet is ensured not to enable the data packet to be too small; and taking the minimum value between the first data packet size and the maximum data packet size corresponding to the network bandwidth as the second data packet size, thereby ensuring that the obtained second data packet size does not enable the data packet to be too large. Compared with the prior art, a reasonable data packet size can be adjusted in real time according to the change of network conditions, the transmission efficiency and reliability of the data packet can be ensured, and the transmission efficiency and stability of vehicle data are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of data transmission in a connected vehicle environment, and in particular to a data transmission optimization method, device, terminal equipment and storage medium in a connected vehicle environment. Background Art

[0002] Data transmission in the Internet of Vehicles environment generally refers to connecting the information around the car to the Internet, realizing information exchange and sharing between vehicles, vehicles and infrastructure, vehicles and the cloud, etc. This kind of data transmission is the foundation and core of the Internet of Vehicles to achieve smart transportation. It enables vehicles to obtain traffic information, entertainment content, safety alarms, etc. in real time, thereby improving driving safety and driving experience.

[0003] Data transmission in the Internet of Vehicles environment generally involves a large amount of real-time information, such as road conditions, vehicle status, etc. Optimizing data transmission efficiency, such as optimizing the size of data packets during data transmission, can adjust and optimize the network data transmission efficiency of vehicles in the current network, which can ensure that these real-time information can be quickly and accurately transmitted to related vehicles and infrastructure, thereby improving overall traffic efficiency.

[0004] In order to adjust the data transmission efficiency in real time, the existing technology often adjusts the data packet size according to experience or simple rules when adjusting and optimizing the data packet size during data packet transmission, such as manually adjusting according to network delay or packet loss rate, which cannot cover all possible network conditions. Manual adjustment is not only cumbersome, but also causes the data packet size to be too small or too large. If the data packet size is too small, network resources may not be fully utilized, resulting in low transmission efficiency. If the data packet is too large, it may cause transmission delays or packet loss. The existing technology cannot adjust the reasonable data packet size in real time according to changes in network conditions, resulting in low transmission efficiency or transmission errors, which in turn affects the transmission efficiency and stability of vehicle data. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present invention provide a method, apparatus, terminal device and storage medium for optimizing data transmission in a vehicle networking environment, which automatically adjust the data packet size in real time according to the current network bandwidth, and make the final obtained second data packet size used as the data packet transmission size of the vehicle in the current network, so as to ensure the efficiency and reliability of data packet transmission, and effectively solve the problem in the prior art that the data packet size cannot be adjusted in real time according to changes in network conditions, resulting in low transmission efficiency or transmission errors, thereby affecting the transmission efficiency and stability of vehicle data.

[0006] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for optimizing data transmission in a vehicle networking environment, including:

[0007] Obtain network performance data corresponding to the current network in the Internet of Vehicles environment;

[0008] In the case where the network performance data is network bandwidth, a corresponding minimum data packet size and a maximum data packet size are generated according to the network protocol corresponding to the network bandwidth and the throughput corresponding to the network bandwidth; wherein the maximum data packet size is used to represent the maximum size of a data packet that can pass through the current network without fragmentation;

[0009] The maximum value between the minimum data packet size and the data packet size threshold is used as the first data packet size; wherein the data packet size threshold is used to characterize the minimum data packet transmission size corresponding to the vehicle system;

[0010] Using the minimum value between the first data packet size and the maximum data packet size as the second data packet size;

[0011] The second data packet size is used as the data packet transmission size of the vehicle in the current network for data transmission.

[0012] Preferably, after using the second data packet size as the data packet transmission size of the vehicle in the current network for data transmission, the method further includes:

[0013] Get the throughput corresponding to the current network;

[0014] Determine whether the throughput is greater than a preset throughput threshold, and if so, maintain the current data transmission efficiency;

[0015] If not, then obtaining a vehicle networking topology structure corresponding to the current network; wherein the vehicle networking topology structure is used to characterize an interconnection structure for data exchange between each vehicle and a network node;

[0016] Extracting the data flow of each network node in the vehicle networking topology structure, and then marking the network nodes whose data flow is less than a preset data flow threshold as nodes to be processed;

[0017] Redundant nodes with the same functions in the nodes to be processed are removed so that one function corresponds to only one node in the vehicle networking topology.

[0018] Preferably, it also includes:

[0019] In the case where the network performance data is the round trip time of a data packet, determining whether the round trip time is less than a preset time threshold, and if so, maintaining the current data transmission unchanged;

[0020] If not, compress each data packet in the data transmission, or increase the time corresponding to the retransmission timeout in the data transmission; wherein the round-trip time of the data packet is: the total time between the sending of the data packet and the confirmation reply of the receiving of the data packet.

[0021] Preferably, it also includes:

[0022] When it is determined that the round trip time is not less than a preset time threshold, obtaining a vehicle networking topology structure corresponding to the current network;

[0023] Marking a transmission path in the vehicle networking topology structure whose transmission path length is greater than a preset length threshold as a path to be deployed;

[0024] A relay node is deployed in the path to be deployed, and then the interaction data between vehicles is forwarded through the relay node.

[0025] Preferably, it also includes:

[0026] In the case where the network performance data is a packet loss rate, determining whether the packet loss rate is less than a preset packet loss rate threshold, and if so, maintaining the current data transmission efficiency;

[0027] If not, each data transmission path is updated based on the path selection algorithm to generate a minimum transmission path; and then the data packets exchanged between vehicles are transmitted according to the minimum transmission path.

[0028] Preferably, it also includes:

[0029] In the case where the network performance data is link information of a communication link, a link weight value corresponding to the communication link for quantifying the communication quality is generated according to the link signal strength and the link bit error rate; wherein the link information includes: link signal strength and link bit error rate;

[0030] For each vehicle combination that has data exchange and includes a starting vehicle and a destination vehicle, a number of candidate transmission paths from the starting vehicle to the destination vehicle are generated by executing the Dijkstra algorithm; wherein each candidate transmission path corresponds to a path transmission quality value; the path transmission quality value is generated by a link weight value and a path length weight value; the path transmission quality value is positively correlated with the transmission efficiency;

[0031] The candidate transmission path with the largest path transmission quality value is used as the target transmission path, and the data packets exchanged between vehicles are transmitted according to the target transmission path.

[0032] Preferably, it also includes:

[0033] When the network performance data is network bandwidth, network delay data and packet loss rate, obtaining data transmission path data;

[0034] According to the network bandwidth, network delay data, packet loss rate and data transmission path data, an objective function with the goal of maximizing bandwidth utilization is constructed; wherein the constraints corresponding to the objective function are: data transmission path constraint, network delay constraint and network security constraint;

[0035] Under the constraints of data transmission path, network delay and network security, the objective function is solved to generate a corresponding data transmission path when bandwidth utilization is maximized;

[0036] Data packets exchanged between vehicles are transmitted according to the data transmission path.

[0037] Based on the above method embodiments, the present invention provides corresponding device embodiments.

[0038] An embodiment of the present invention provides a data transmission optimization device in a vehicle networking environment, including: a network performance data acquisition module and a transmission efficiency adjustment module;

[0039] The network performance data acquisition module is used to obtain network performance data corresponding to the current network in the Internet of Vehicles environment;

[0040] The transmission efficiency adjustment module is used to generate a corresponding minimum data packet size and a maximum data packet size according to a network protocol corresponding to the network bandwidth and a throughput corresponding to the network bandwidth when the network performance data is the network bandwidth; wherein the maximum data packet size is used to represent the maximum size of a data packet that can pass through the current network without fragmentation;

[0041] The maximum value between the minimum data packet size and the data packet size threshold is used as the first data packet size; wherein the data packet size threshold is used to characterize the minimum data packet transmission size corresponding to the vehicle system;

[0042] Using the minimum value between the first data packet size and the maximum data packet size as the second data packet size;

[0043] The second data packet size is used as the data packet transmission size of the vehicle in the current network for data transmission.

[0044] Based on the above method embodiments, the present invention provides corresponding terminal device embodiments.

[0045] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a terminal device, including a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the data transmission optimization method in a vehicle network environment described in the above-mentioned embodiment of the invention.

[0046] Based on the above method embodiments, the present invention provides corresponding storage medium item embodiments.

[0047] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium includes a stored computer program, wherein when the computer program is running, the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute a data transmission optimization method in a vehicle network environment as described in the above-mentioned embodiment of the invention.

[0048] The following beneficial effects are achieved by implementing the present invention:

[0049] Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, apparatus, terminal device and storage medium for optimizing data transmission in a vehicle networking environment. The present invention can obtain network performance data corresponding to the current network, such as network bandwidth, and automatically adjust the data packet size in real time according to the current network bandwidth, thereby being able to adapt to changes in network conditions in real time. Specifically, firstly, the minimum data packet size is calculated based on the network protocol and throughput corresponding to the network bandwidth, which represents the minimum size that the data packet should have in order to maintain a certain transmission efficiency under the current network conditions. Then, the maximum value between the minimum data packet size and the data packet size threshold used to characterize the minimum data packet transmission size corresponding to the vehicle system is used as the first data packet size. This can avoid the selected first data packet size being too small, and the first data packet size can simultaneously meet the requirements of network transmission and the minimum size limit of the vehicle system processing data packets, thereby ensuring the efficiency and reliability of data transmission. In order to make the size finally used for data packet size adjustment further improve the data transmission efficiency of the current network, the present invention can also use the minimum value between the first data packet size and the maximum data packet size corresponding to the network bandwidth as the second data packet size. Since the maximum data packet size corresponding to the network bandwidth is the maximum size that the data packet can pass through the current network without fragmentation, when the minimum value between the first data packet size and this maximum size is used as the second data packet size, it can be ensured that the obtained second data packet size will not make the data packet too large, thereby avoiding the additional overhead and potential data loss risk caused by fragmentation. Compared with the prior art, the present invention can obtain a second data packet size that is neither too small nor too large by comparing and extracting the minimum data packet size, the data packet size threshold, and the maximum data packet size of the current network bandwidth. Therefore, a reasonable data packet size can be adjusted in real time according to changes in network conditions, so that when the second data packet size is used as the data packet transmission size of the vehicle under the current network, the efficiency and reliability of data packet transmission can be ensured, thereby ensuring the transmission efficiency and stability of vehicle data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] Figure 1It is a flowchart of a data transmission optimization method in a vehicle networking environment provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of a data packet size adjustment process provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a path optimization process provided by another embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a data transmission optimization device in a vehicle networking environment provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] like Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for optimizing data transmission in a vehicle networking environment provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The method for optimizing data transmission in a vehicle networking environment includes:

[0056] Step S1: Obtain network performance data corresponding to the current network in the Internet of Vehicles environment;

[0057] Step S2: when the network performance data is network bandwidth, generating a corresponding minimum data packet size and a maximum data packet size according to the network protocol corresponding to the network bandwidth and the throughput corresponding to the network bandwidth; wherein the maximum data packet size is used to represent the maximum size of a data packet that can pass through the current network without fragmentation;

[0058] The maximum value between the minimum data packet size and the data packet size threshold is used as the first data packet size; wherein the data packet size threshold is used to characterize the minimum data packet transmission size corresponding to the vehicle system;

[0059] Using the minimum value between the first data packet size and the maximum data packet size as the second data packet size;

[0060] The second data packet size is used as the data packet transmission size of the vehicle in the current network for data transmission.

[0061] For step S1, in a preferred embodiment, the present invention can obtain various performance indicators in the network performance data, such as network bandwidth, so that the size of the data packet transmission size adjustment process can be calculated according to the network bandwidth.

[0062] Schematically, network bandwidth directly affects network throughput, that is, the amount of data that the network can transmit per unit time. By obtaining network bandwidth data and adjusting the data packet transmission size accordingly, it is possible to ensure that the network maintains a high throughput during transmission, thereby meeting the needs of vehicle data transmission.

[0063] For step S2, in a preferred embodiment, when the network performance data is the network bandwidth, in order to optimize the data transmission efficiency in the Internet of Vehicles environment, firstly, a corresponding minimum data packet size is generated according to the network protocol corresponding to the network bandwidth and the throughput corresponding to the network bandwidth;

[0064] It is understandable that by understanding the network bandwidth and its corresponding network protocol and throughput, a minimum data packet size that can adapt to the current network environment can be generated. This minimum data packet size can ensure that the data packet is neither too large when transmitted in the network, resulting in low transmission efficiency, nor too small, which increases the number of transmissions and overhead. In other words, it can meet the minimum requirements of network transmission at the same time.

[0065] Next, the maximum value between the minimum data packet size and the data packet size threshold is used as the first data packet size; wherein the data packet size threshold is used to characterize the minimum data packet transmission size corresponding to the vehicle system;

[0066] When determining whether to use the minimum data packet size or the data packet size threshold as the first data packet size, the maximum value of the two can be extracted as the first data packet size. Schematically, if the minimum data packet size is directly used as the transmission size, the data packet will be smaller than the minimum size limit that the vehicle system can handle, which may cause the data to not be processed or transmitted correctly. However, by using the maximum value between the minimum data packet size and the data packet size threshold as the first data packet size, it can be ensured that the first data packet size will not be smaller than the data packet size threshold, thereby avoiding the problem of the data packet size being too small and meeting the transmission size requirements of the vehicle system.

[0067] If the minimum data packet size is greater than or equal to the data packet size threshold, then the minimum data packet size can be directly used as the first data packet size because it has met the transmission requirements of the vehicle system.

[0068] If the minimum data packet size is less than the data packet size threshold, then the data packet size threshold is used as the first data packet size to ensure that the data packet can be correctly processed by the vehicle system.

[0069] Therefore, when the maximum value between the minimum data packet size and the data packet size threshold is used as the first data packet size, the first data packet size is a reasonable size that takes into account both network transmission efficiency and vehicle system transmission requirements.

[0070] Therefore, by introducing the data packet size threshold, since it is the minimum size limit for the vehicle system to process the data packet, it can ensure that the data packet size is not too small, thereby avoiding inefficient transmission or data loss caused by too small data packets.

[0071] Finally, in order to ensure that the size ultimately used for data packet size adjustment can further improve the data transmission efficiency of the current network, in an embodiment of the present invention, after extracting the first data packet size, the minimum value between the first data packet size and the maximum data packet size corresponding to the network bandwidth can also be used as the second data packet size; wherein the maximum data packet size is used to characterize the maximum size of a data packet that can pass through the current network without the need for fragmentation, which can be generated based on the network protocol corresponding to the network bandwidth and the throughput corresponding to the network bandwidth.

[0072] The second data packet size is used as the data packet transmission size of the vehicle in the current network to perform data transmission, so as to adjust the data transmission efficiency of the vehicle in the current network.

[0073] Schematically, the maximum packet size represents the maximum size of a packet that can pass through the current network without fragmentation. If the packet size exceeds this limit, the packet will need to be fragmented during transmission, which will not only increase the complexity and overhead of transmission, but may also reduce transmission efficiency and increase the risk of errors. By comparing the first packet size with the maximum packet size and taking the minimum value as the second packet size, it can be ensured that the determined packet size is not too large, thereby avoiding network congestion and fragmentation problems.

[0074] In the process of determining the second data packet size in the embodiment of the present invention, not only the limitation of network bandwidth is taken into consideration, but also the data packet size is ensured to be neither too small to increase the number of transmissions and overhead, nor too large to cause fragmentation or network congestion, so that the size adjustment during data transmission can find a balance between transmission efficiency and resource utilization, thereby improving the overall data transmission efficiency.

[0075] Since the network environment of the Internet of Vehicles is dynamically changing, the network bandwidth and throughput will also change over time. The present invention can ensure that data transmission is always kept in the best state by adjusting the data packet size in real time to adapt to the current network environment. The second data packet size determination process of the embodiment of the present invention can realize dynamic adjustment of the data packet size, and can enable the data packet size to be automatically adjusted as the network environment changes.

[0076] like Figure 2 As shown, the present invention can monitor the network status in real time, that is, continuously monitor the current network bandwidth, delay, packet loss rate and other parameters, so as to dynamically adjust the data packet size; and can adjust the transmission rate through a TCP-like algorithm based on the congestion window and round-trip time (RTT), so as to continuously optimize and adjust the parameters of the transmission rate.

[0077] Indicatively, the packet size can be dynamically adjusted according to the following formula:

[0078] PacketSize=min(MTU,max(200,100*log2(Bandwidth)));

[0079] In the formula, first, the basic packet size is calculated by 100*log2(Bandwidth), that is, a basic packet size is calculated based on the current network bandwidth (Bandwidth). Then, the basic packet size is compared with 200, and the larger value is taken to ensure that the packet size will not be less than 200 bytes. Finally, it is compared with the maximum packet size of the MTU (maximum transmission unit), and the smaller value is taken to ensure that the packet size will not exceed the maximum transmission unit supported by the network.

[0080] By determining the final data packet size PacketSize through the above formula, the data packet size can be dynamically adjusted according to the network bandwidth, which not only fully utilizes the network bandwidth but also avoids low transmission efficiency or data packet loss caused by excessively large data packets.

[0081] Therefore, the present invention can adjust the size of the data packet in real time according to the performance data such as network bandwidth and delay to avoid network congestion and data packet loss, and improve the efficiency and reliability of data transmission. The TCP-like algorithm based on congestion window and RTT dynamically adjusts the transmission rate by monitoring the congestion level and round-trip time of the network to further reduce network congestion and data packet loss, and improve the stability and efficiency of data transmission.

[0082] In a preferred embodiment, after adjusting the data transmission efficiency of the vehicle under the current network, that is, after using the second data packet size as the data packet transmission size of the vehicle under the current network for data transmission, the data transmission optimization method of the present invention further includes:

[0083] Get the throughput corresponding to the current network;

[0084] Determine whether the throughput is greater than a preset throughput threshold, and if so, maintain the current data transmission efficiency;

[0085] If not, then obtaining a vehicle networking topology structure corresponding to the current network; wherein the vehicle networking topology structure is used to characterize an interconnection structure for data exchange between each vehicle and a network node;

[0086] Extracting the data flow of each network node in the vehicle networking topology structure, and then marking the network nodes whose data flow is less than a preset data flow threshold as redundant nodes;

[0087] Mark the redundant nodes with the same functions as other redundant nodes as nodes to be processed;

[0088] Redundant nodes with the same functions in the nodes to be processed are removed so that one function corresponds to only one node in the vehicle networking topology.

[0089] The embodiment of the present invention can dynamically determine whether the current network status meets the data transmission requirements by acquiring the current network throughput in real time and comparing it with a preset throughput threshold, so that the system can make corresponding adjustments in time when network conditions change, thereby maintaining the efficiency and stability of data transmission.

[0090] When optimizing the transmission efficiency based on the throughput of the current network, the present invention can further analyze the vehicle network topology, identify and process the redundant nodes therein, so as to reduce unnecessary nodes and data traffic, thereby improving the overall data transmission efficiency.

[0091] Specifically, by extracting the data flow of each network node in the vehicle networking topology, and marking the network nodes with data flow less than the preset data flow threshold as nodes to be processed, it is possible to accurately identify those nodes that contribute little to network transmission or are unnecessary. Furthermore, by merging or removing redundant nodes with the same function, it is possible to avoid duplication and waste of resources.

[0092] The present invention, while partially removing each redundant node to be processed from the vehicle networking topology, also ensures that each function corresponds to only one redundant node to be processed, which can not only reduce redundancy and complexity in the network, but also improve the stability and reliability of the system. For example, because each function has only one corresponding node, it is easier to locate and solve the problem when a fault occurs.

[0093] The present invention can optimize the topology of vehicle networking by removing some redundant nodes, so that the vehicle system can more effectively utilize network resources and find a shorter transmission path for data packets, which can not only reduce transmission delays but also improve data transmission throughput and efficiency.

[0094] In a preferred embodiment, when the network performance data is the round trip time of a data packet, the present invention adjusts the data transmission efficiency of the vehicle under the current network based on the network performance data, specifically including:

[0095] Determine whether the round trip time is less than a preset time threshold, and if so, maintain the current data transmission efficiency;

[0096] If not, then compress each data packet in the data transmission, or increase the time corresponding to the retransmission timeout in the data transmission. The round trip time of the data packet is: the total time between the sending of the data packet and the confirmation reply of the receiving of the data packet.

[0097] When it is determined that the round trip time is not less than the preset time threshold, the embodiment of the present invention may also obtain the vehicle networking topology structure corresponding to the current network;

[0098] Marking a transmission path in the vehicle networking topology structure whose transmission path length is greater than a preset length threshold as a path to be deployed;

[0099] A relay node is deployed in the path to be deployed, and then the interaction data between vehicles is forwarded through the relay node.

[0100] Illustratively, in an embodiment of the present invention, by determining whether the round-trip time (RTT) is less than a preset time threshold, the data transmission efficiency under the current network conditions can be evaluated in real time. If the RTT is less than the preset threshold, it means that the current network condition is good, the original data transmission efficiency can be maintained, and resource consumption caused by unnecessary adjustments can be avoided. If the RTT is not less than the preset threshold, measures such as compressing data packets or increasing the retransmission timeout are taken to adapt to poor network conditions and ensure reliable data transmission.

[0101] Furthermore, when it is determined that the RTT does not meet the requirements, the embodiments of the present invention can further obtain and analyze the vehicle network topology structure, and can accurately identify the problem paths with too long transmission path lengths, that is, the paths with transmission path lengths greater than a preset length threshold can be marked as paths to be deployed, and relay nodes can be deployed in these paths. Since the deployment of relay nodes can shorten the data transmission distance between vehicles and reduce signal attenuation and transmission delays, the present invention can further improve the reliability and efficiency of data transmission.

[0102] In a preferred embodiment, when the network performance data is a packet loss rate, the data transmission efficiency of the vehicle under the current network is adjusted according to the network performance data, specifically including:

[0103] Determine whether the packet loss rate is less than a preset packet loss rate threshold, and if so, maintain the current data transmission efficiency;

[0104] If not, each data transmission path is updated based on the path selection algorithm to generate a minimum transmission path, and then the data packets exchanged between vehicles are transmitted according to the minimum transmission path.

[0105] Illustratively, an embodiment of the present invention can dynamically adjust the data transmission path and efficiency according to different network conditions (such as changes in packet loss rate). When it is determined that the packet loss rate is not less than a preset packet loss rate threshold, the path can be updated based on the path selection algorithm to generate a minimum transmission path. By selecting the minimum transmission path, the transmission time and transmission distance of the data packet in the network can be reduced, thereby reducing the packet loss rate and ensuring the integrity and reliability of the data.

[0106] In a preferred embodiment, when the network performance data is link information of a communication link, adjusting the data transmission efficiency of the vehicle under the current network according to the network performance data specifically includes:

[0107] Generate a link weight value corresponding to the communication link for quantifying the communication quality according to the link signal strength and the link bit error rate; wherein the link information includes: link signal strength and link bit error rate;

[0108] For each vehicle combination that has data exchange and includes a starting vehicle and a destination vehicle, a number of candidate transmission paths from the starting vehicle to the destination vehicle are generated by executing the Dijkstra algorithm; wherein each candidate transmission path corresponds to a path transmission quality value; the path transmission quality value is generated by a link weight value and a path length weight value; the path transmission quality value is positively correlated with the transmission efficiency;

[0109] The candidate transmission path with the largest path transmission quality value is used as the target transmission path, and the data packets exchanged between vehicles are transmitted according to the target transmission path.

[0110] In the embodiment of the present invention, by comprehensively considering the link signal strength and link error rate, the link weight value corresponding to the communication link is generated, so that the current communication quality can be quantified more finely. As the shortest path algorithm, the Dijkstra algorithm can ensure that the optimal path from the starting vehicle to the end vehicle is found (under the premise that the path transmission quality value is the largest). When generating the transmission path to be selected, not only the weight value of the link is considered, but also the path length weight value is considered, so as to ensure that the selected path (i.e., the target transmission path) has good communication quality and is as short as possible, so as to further improve the data transmission efficiency.

[0111] Therefore, the embodiments of the present invention can more reasonably utilize network resources by dynamically adjusting the data transmission path, thereby reducing network congestion and delay and improving the operating efficiency of the entire network.

[0112] In a preferred embodiment, when the network performance data is network bandwidth, network delay data and packet loss rate, the embodiment of the present invention further includes:

[0113] Get data transmission path data;

[0114] According to the network bandwidth, network delay data, packet loss rate and data transmission path data, an objective function with the goal of maximizing bandwidth utilization is constructed; wherein the constraints corresponding to the objective function are: data transmission path constraint, network delay constraint and network security constraint;

[0115] Under the constraints of data transmission path, network delay and network security, the objective function is solved to generate a corresponding data transmission path when bandwidth utilization is maximized;

[0116] Data packets exchanged between vehicles are transmitted according to the data transmission path.

[0117] Illustratively, in an embodiment of the present invention, in the process of constructing an objective function with the goal of maximizing bandwidth utilization, not only the basic performance indicator of network bandwidth is taken into consideration, but also multiple dimensions such as network delay, packet loss rate and data transmission path are simultaneously incorporated. This can achieve comprehensive optimization of network performance, so that after solving under constraints such as data transmission path, network delay and network security, the optimal data transmission path that meets the requirements of various performance indicators can be found.

[0118] Therefore, based on the optimal solution of the objective function, the present invention can dynamically adjust the data transmission path and efficiency according to different network conditions and data transmission requirements, ensuring that the vehicle network can maintain efficient and stable operation in various environments and provide users with reliable services.

[0119] In a preferred embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the present invention can also consider link quality, vehicle density and mobility to construct a multi-objective optimization model, so that when solving the multi-objective optimization model based on vehicle mobility, a better transmission path can be updated according to vehicle movement prediction. Since the multi-objective optimization model considering vehicle mobility can dynamically adjust the data transmission path according to different network conditions and vehicle movement conditions, the vehicle network can maintain efficient and stable operation in various complex scenarios, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the network.

[0120] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention can also optimize vehicle network data transmission based on deep reinforcement learning, specifically:

[0121] State space and action space definition: The state space contains various factors that affect the data transmission decision. In this case, the state includes the current bandwidth, delay, packet loss rate, vehicle density, etc. These factors together constitute a comprehensive description of the current network environment and provide a basis for the decision-making of the intelligent agent (i.e., the algorithm or system responsible for data transmission optimization).

[0122] Action Space: The action space defines all possible actions that the agent can take. In this case, the actions include adjusting the packet size, selecting a transmission path, adjusting the transmission rate, etc. These actions are decisions made by the agent based on the current state to optimize the data transmission performance.

[0123] Reward function design: The reward function is a core component of reinforcement learning. It defines the quality criteria of the agent's behavior. In this case, the reward function takes into account factors such as throughput, latency, and energy consumption. The agent changes its current state by performing actions and receives corresponding rewards. The amount of the reward depends on the degree of improvement of indicators such as throughput, latency, and energy consumption. The goal of the agent is to maximize the long-term cumulative reward, that is, to find the optimal data transmission strategy.

[0124] Deep Q-Network (DQN) implementation: DQN is a method that combines deep learning with reinforcement learning. It uses a deep neural network to approximate the Q function. The Q function represents the expected value of the long-term cumulative reward obtained by the agent under a given state and action. In this case, the DQN algorithm learns a neural network that can accurately estimate the Q value through continuous iterative training. The agent selects the optimal action based on this neural network, that is, the action that can maximize the long-term cumulative reward in the current state, such as adjusting the packet size, selecting the transmission path, adjusting the transmission rate, etc.

[0125] Experience replay and target network: Experience replay is a technique to improve learning stability and efficiency by building an experience pool to store the experience (i.e., the combination of state, action, reward, and next state) generated by the agent during training. During training, the agent randomly extracts a batch of experience from the experience pool for learning, which helps to break the correlation between data and improve the stability and efficiency of training.

[0126] Target network: The target network is a key technology in the DQN algorithm. It uses a neural network with the same structure as the current network but different parameters to calculate the target Q value. The parameters of the target network are regularly copied from the current network to maintain a certain stability. During training, the agent uses the current network to select actions and uses the target network to calculate the target Q value, thereby updating the parameters of the current network and avoiding instability and oscillation during training.

[0127] The embodiment of the present invention can gradually adapt to changes in the network environment and find the optimal data transmission strategy through continuous learning and iterative training of the intelligent agent, thereby improving the adaptability and intelligence of data transmission. It can also be flexibly applied to different vehicle network scenarios and transmission requirements, and only needs to adjust the definitions of the state space, action space and reward function according to the specific situation.

[0128] like Figure 4 As shown, based on the above-mentioned embodiments of the data transmission optimization method in various vehicle networking environments, the present invention provides corresponding device embodiments;

[0129] An embodiment of the present invention provides a data transmission optimization device in a vehicle networking environment, including: a network performance data acquisition module and a transmission efficiency adjustment module;

[0130] The network performance data acquisition module is used to obtain network performance data corresponding to the current network in the Internet of Vehicles environment;

[0131] The transmission efficiency adjustment module is used to generate a corresponding minimum data packet size and a maximum data packet size according to a network protocol corresponding to the network bandwidth and a throughput corresponding to the network bandwidth when the network performance data is the network bandwidth; wherein the maximum data packet size is used to represent the maximum size of a data packet that can pass through the current network without fragmentation;

[0132] The maximum value between the minimum data packet size and the data packet size threshold is used as the first data packet size; wherein the data packet size threshold is used to characterize the minimum data packet transmission size corresponding to the vehicle system;

[0133] Using the minimum value between the first data packet size and the maximum data packet size as the second data packet size;

[0134] The second data packet size is used as the data packet transmission size of the vehicle in the current network for data transmission.

[0135] It should be noted that the device embodiments described above are merely schematic, wherein the modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as modules may or may not be physical modules, and may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network modules. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this embodiment. In addition, in the accompanying drawings of the device embodiments provided by the present invention, the connection relationship between the modules indicates that there is a communication connection between them, which may be specifically implemented as one or more communication buses or signal lines. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without paying creative labor.

[0136] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and simplicity, the specific working process of the device described above can refer to the corresponding process in the aforementioned method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0137] Based on the above-mentioned embodiments of the data transmission optimization method in various vehicle networking environments, the present invention provides corresponding embodiments of terminal equipment items.

[0138] An embodiment of the present invention provides a terminal device, including a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, a method for optimizing data transmission in a vehicle network environment as described in any method embodiment of the present invention is implemented.

[0139] The terminal device may be a computing terminal device such as a desktop computer, a notebook, a palm computer, a cloud server, etc. The terminal device may include, but is not limited to, a processor and a memory.

[0140] The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc. The processor is the control center of the terminal device, and uses various interfaces and lines to connect various parts of the entire terminal device.

[0141] The memory can be used to store the computer program, and the processor realizes various functions of the terminal device by running or executing the computer program stored in the memory and calling the data stored in the memory. The memory can mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area can store an operating system, at least one application required for a function, etc.; the data storage area can store data created according to the use of the mobile phone, etc. In addition, the memory can include a high-speed random access memory, and can also include a non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk, a memory, a plug-in hard disk, a smart memory card (Smart Media Card, SMC), a secure digital (Secure Digital, SD) card, a flash card (Flash Card), at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device or other volatile solid-state storage device.

[0142] Based on the above-mentioned embodiments of the data transmission optimization method in various vehicle networking environments, the present invention provides corresponding storage medium item embodiments.

[0143] An embodiment of the present invention provides a storage medium, which includes a stored computer program, wherein when the computer program is running, the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute a data transmission optimization method in a vehicle network environment as described in any method embodiment of the present invention.

[0144] The storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps of each method embodiment described above can be implemented. Among them, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code can be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form, etc. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, USB flash drive, mobile hard disk, disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), electric carrier signal, telecommunication signal and software distribution medium, etc. It should be noted that the content contained in the computer-readable medium can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the requirements of legislation and patent practice in the jurisdiction. For example, in some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, computer-readable media do not include electric carrier signals and telecommunication signals.

[0145] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that a person skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A data transmission optimization method in a vehicle networking environment, characterized in that: include: Obtain network performance data corresponding to the current network in the Internet of Vehicles environment; In the case where the network performance data is network bandwidth, a corresponding minimum data packet size and a maximum data packet size are generated according to the network protocol corresponding to the network bandwidth and the throughput corresponding to the network bandwidth; wherein the maximum data packet size is used to represent the maximum size of a data packet that can pass through the current network without fragmentation; The maximum value between the minimum data packet size and the data packet size threshold is used as the first data packet size; wherein the data packet size threshold is used to characterize the minimum data packet transmission size corresponding to the vehicle system; Using the minimum value between the first data packet size and the maximum data packet size as the second data packet size; The second data packet size is used as the data packet transmission size of the vehicle in the current network for data transmission.

2. The data transmission optimization method in a vehicle networking environment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: After the second data packet size is used as the data packet transmission size of the vehicle in the current network for data transmission, the method further includes: Get the throughput corresponding to the current network; Determine whether the throughput is greater than a preset throughput threshold, and if so, maintain the current data transmission efficiency; If not, then obtaining a vehicle networking topology structure corresponding to the current network; wherein the vehicle networking topology structure is used to characterize an interconnection structure for data exchange between each vehicle and a network node; Extracting the data flow of each network node in the vehicle networking topology structure, and then marking the network nodes whose data flow is less than a preset data flow threshold as nodes to be processed; Redundant nodes with the same functions in the nodes to be processed are removed so that one function corresponds to only one node in the vehicle networking topology.

3. The data transmission optimization method in a vehicle networking environment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: In the case where the network performance data is the round trip time of a data packet, determining whether the round trip time is less than a preset time threshold, and if so, maintaining the current data transmission unchanged; If not, compress each data packet in the data transmission, or increase the time corresponding to the retransmission timeout in the data transmission; wherein the round-trip time of the data packet is: the total time between the sending of the data packet and the confirmation reply of the receiving of the data packet.

4. The data transmission optimization method in a vehicle networking environment as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: When it is determined that the round trip time is not less than a preset time threshold, obtaining a vehicle networking topology structure corresponding to the current network; Marking a transmission path in the vehicle networking topology structure whose transmission path length is greater than a preset length threshold as a path to be deployed; A relay node is deployed in the path to be deployed, and then the interaction data between vehicles is forwarded through the relay node.

5. The data transmission optimization method in a vehicle networking environment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: In the case where the network performance data is a packet loss rate, determining whether the packet loss rate is less than a preset packet loss rate threshold, and if so, maintaining the current data transmission efficiency; If not, each data transmission path is updated based on the path selection algorithm to generate a minimum transmission path; and then the data packets exchanged between vehicles are transmitted according to the minimum transmission path.

6. The data transmission optimization method in a vehicle networking environment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: In the case where the network performance data is link information of a communication link, a link weight value corresponding to the communication link for quantifying the communication quality is generated according to the link signal strength and the link bit error rate; wherein the link information includes: link signal strength and link bit error rate; For each vehicle combination that has data exchange and includes a starting vehicle and a destination vehicle, a number of candidate transmission paths from the starting vehicle to the destination vehicle are generated by executing the Dijkstra algorithm; wherein each candidate transmission path corresponds to a path transmission quality value; the path transmission quality value is generated by a link weight value and a path length weight value; the path transmission quality value is positively correlated with the transmission efficiency; The candidate transmission path with the largest path transmission quality value is used as the target transmission path, and the data packets exchanged between vehicles are transmitted according to the target transmission path.

7. The data transmission optimization method in a vehicle networking environment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: When the network performance data is network bandwidth, network delay data and packet loss rate, obtaining data transmission path data; According to the network bandwidth, network delay data, packet loss rate and data transmission path data, an objective function with the goal of maximizing bandwidth utilization is constructed; wherein the constraints corresponding to the objective function are: data transmission path constraint, network delay constraint and network security constraint; Under the constraints of data transmission path, network delay and network security, the objective function is solved to generate a corresponding data transmission path when bandwidth utilization is maximized; Data packets exchanged between vehicles are transmitted according to the data transmission path.

8. A data transmission optimization device in a vehicle networking environment, characterized in that: include: Network performance data acquisition module and transmission efficiency adjustment module; The network performance data acquisition module is used to obtain network performance data corresponding to the current network in the Internet of Vehicles environment; The transmission efficiency adjustment module is used to generate a corresponding minimum data packet size and a maximum data packet size according to a network protocol corresponding to the network bandwidth and a throughput corresponding to the network bandwidth when the network performance data is the network bandwidth; wherein the maximum data packet size is used to represent the maximum size of a data packet that can pass through the current network without fragmentation; The maximum value between the minimum data packet size and the data packet size threshold is used as the first data packet size; wherein the data packet size threshold is used to characterize the minimum data packet transmission size corresponding to the vehicle system; Using the minimum value between the first data packet size and the maximum data packet size as the second data packet size; The second data packet size is used as the data packet transmission size of the vehicle in the current network for data transmission.

9. A terminal device, characterized in that: It includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, it implements a data transmission optimization method in a vehicle network environment as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium includes a stored computer program, wherein when the computer program is running, the device where the storage medium is located is controlled to execute a data transmission optimization method in a vehicle networking environment as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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