Width-adjustable uniform soil fertilizer applicator

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer application machines, in particular to a width-adjustable uniform soil fertilizer application machine which comprises a mounting table, and a storage mechanism is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the mounting table; the storage mechanism comprises a fertilizer box arranged above the mounting table; the fertilizer box is connected with a material distributing assembly, and the material distributing assembly is connected with a plurality of discharging pipes; a depth adjusting mechanism is mounted on the bottom surface of the mounting table, a mounting assembly is arranged in the depth adjusting mechanism, and a plurality of groups of fertilizing assemblies are fixedly mounted on the mounting assembly; the precise discharging device further comprises a precise discharging assembly, the precise discharging assembly rotationally penetrates through the multiple discharging pipes, and a transmission assembly is connected between one end of the precise discharging assembly and the mounting shaft at the corresponding position. Through the arrangement of the material distributing assembly, the loose state of nitrogen fertilizer particles can be kept while materials are synchronously supplied to the multiple groups of fertilizer applying assemblies; through the arrangement of the precise discharging assembly and the transmission assembly, the discharging speed and the advancing speed of the device are in a proportional relation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer spreaders, in particular to a soil fertilizer spreader with adjustable width. Background Art

[0002] Shallow application of basal fertilizer and long-term drip irrigation for winter wheat in Xinjiang can lead to problems such as imbalance of soil nutrients, decreased fertility, increased soil compaction and crop yield reduction in farmland. By studying the effects of improving the depth of basal nitrogen fertilizer application on the transfer and distribution of nitrogen in farmland soil, it is possible to provide suggestions and theoretical support for developing cultivation and tillage strategies from the perspective of adjusting the application position of soil nitrogen to increase wheat yield and efficiency. Specifically, nitrogen application at different depths was carried out in the experimental field using a fertilizer applicator. By analyzing the changes in physiological and biochemical indicators of the aboveground and underground parts of wheat plants at the booting stage and grain filling stage under different nitrogen fertilizer application depths, as well as the changes in yield indicators after harvest, the depth threshold of soil nitrogen application and the regulation mechanism of deep nitrogen fertilizer application in wheat soil were clarified.

[0003] In order to achieve a precise depth of fertilization, a trenching fertilization method is usually used; existing trenching fertilization devices generally include a mounting frame, a fertilizer box is arranged above the mounting frame, a fertilizer pipe connected to the fertilizer box is installed below the mounting frame, and a trencher is installed on the periphery of the fertilizer pipe; when fertilizing, the trencher is driven to open the trench by pulling the main body of the device, and at the same time, the waste in the fertilizer box falls into the fertilizer trench through the fertilizer pipe.

[0004] However, the existing ditching fertilizer spreader still has the following shortcomings during use: There is usually only a valve for controlling opening and closing between the fertilizer pipe and the fertilizer box. During the storage of nitrogen fertilizer particles in the fertilizer box, the nitrogen fertilizer easily absorbs moisture and agglomerates, increasing the risk of blockage and causing uneven fertilizer application. In addition, since the traction speed of the device is difficult to maintain stable, the uneven application of nitrogen fertilizer is further caused, thereby increasing the error of subsequent analysis results.

[0005] Existing trenching and fertilizing machines are generally provided with one or more trenching and fertilizing components, which are usually fixed to the frame with bolts. When the trenching depth and the spacing between adjacent trenching components need to be adjusted, the bolts need to be removed, and the operation process is relatively cumbersome. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a soil fertilizer spreader with adjustable width to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: The tractor has a plurality of hoppers, each of which has a plurality of hoppers, each of which has a plurality of hoppers, each of which has a plurality of hoppers, each of which has a plurality of hoppers, each of which has a plurality of hoppers, each of which has a plurality of hoppers, each of which has a plurality of hoppers, each of which has a plurality of hoppers, each of which has a plurality of hoppers, each of which has a plurality of hoppers, each of which has a plurality of hoppers, each of which has a plurality of hoppers, each of which has a plurality of hoppers, each of which has a plurality of hoppers, each of which has a plurality of hoppers, each of which has a plurality of hoppers, each of which has a plurality of hoppers, each of which has a plurality of hoppers, each of which has a plurality of hoppers, each of which has a plurality of hoppers, each of which has a plurality of hoppers, each of which has a plurality of hoppers, each of which has a plurality of hoppers, each of which has a plurality of hoppers, each of which has a plurality of hoppers, each of which has a plurality of hoppers, each of which has a plurality of hoppers, each of which has a plurality of hoppers, each of which has a plurality of hoppers, each of which has a plurality of hoppers, each of which has a plurality of hoppers, The bottom surface of the mounting platform is fixedly connected with a depth adjustment mechanism, and the depth adjustment mechanism is provided with a mounting assembly, and a plurality of groups of fertilization assemblies are detachably fixedly mounted on the mounting assembly, the number of the plurality of groups of fertilization assemblies is less than or equal to the number of the plurality of discharge pipes, and the fertilization assemblies are fixedly connected with the discharge pipes at corresponding positions in a through-type manner; A precision blanking assembly is rotatably mounted between the two mounting seats, and the precision blanking assembly rotates through a plurality of discharge pipes. A transmission assembly is connected between one end of the precision blanking assembly and a mounting shaft at a corresponding position.

[0008] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the fertilizer box is an inclined surface, and a discharge slot is provided at a lower end position on the bottom surface of the fertilizer box.

[0009] Furthermore, the material distribution assembly includes a material distribution pipe fixedly installed between two support plates, the material distribution pipe is located directly above the through slot, one end of the material distribution pipe close to the material discharge slot passes through the support plate at the corresponding position, and one end of the material distribution pipe close to the material discharge slot is a closed structure and is fixedly installed with a motor; A conduit is fixedly installed on the periphery of the material distribution pipe just below the material discharging slot, and the top end of the conduit is fixedly connected to the material discharging slot; The end of the material distribution pipe away from the motor passes through the support plate at the corresponding position and then bends and extends to the top position of the corresponding side of the fertilizer box. The end of the material distribution pipe away from the motor is fixedly connected to the fertilizer box in a through-type manner; The material distribution pipe is provided with a steel wire flexible shaft coaxial with the material distribution pipe, and the end of the steel wire flexible shaft close to the motor rotates through the end surface of the material distribution pipe and is fixedly connected to the output shaft end of the motor, and the outer periphery of the steel wire flexible shaft is fixedly installed with an auger blade; The outer periphery of the distribution pipe is partially through-connected and fixedly connected with a plurality of discharge pipes between the two support plates, and a gate valve is installed in the discharge pipe at a position close to the distribution pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, the precision unloading assembly includes a rotating shaft rotatably mounted between two mounting seats, the rotating shaft is located below the gate valve, and a number of prying rollers equal to the number of the plurality of discharge pipes are fixedly mounted on the periphery of the rotating shaft, the plurality of prying rollers respectively rotate and penetrate the plurality of discharge pipes, and the diameter of the prying roller is equal to the inner diameter of the discharge pipe; A plurality of material grooves are provided at the middle of the outer periphery of the material-dispensing roller, and the plurality of material grooves are arranged in an array in the circumferential direction about the axis of the material-dispensing roller; One end of the rotating shaft rotates and passes through a mounting seat at a corresponding position.

[0011] Further, the transmission assembly includes a driving pulley and a driven pulley fixedly mounted on one end of the rotating shaft passing through the mounting seat, the driving pulley is fixedly mounted on the periphery of the mounting shaft below the driven pulley, and a belt is connected between the driving pulley and the driven pulley; The diameter of the driving pulley is greater than the diameter of the driven pulley.

[0012] Further, the depth adjustment assembly includes a U-shaped lifting seat arranged in parallel below the mounting platform, the opening of the U-shaped lifting seat is downward, and the U-shaped lifting seat is located on a side below the mounting platform away from the connecting frame; Both ends of the top surface of the U-shaped lifting seat are fixedly connected with sliding columns, the top sliding sleeve of the sliding column is provided with a hollow column, and the top of the hollow column is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the mounting platform; A screw is fixedly connected to the middle position of the top surface of the U-shaped lifting seat, an internal thread sleeve is threadedly installed on the top end of the screw, the top end of the internal thread sleeve is rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the mounting platform, and a knob is fixedly installed at the middle position of the outer periphery of the internal thread sleeve.

[0013] Furthermore, the installation assembly includes a slide rail fixedly installed between two sides of the U-shaped lifting seat, on which a slide seat equal to the number of the plurality of discharge pipes is slidably mounted, and a locking bolt 2 for limiting the relative sliding between the slide seat and the slide rail is threadedly mounted on the back side of the slide seat; A U-shaped holder for detachably fixing a fertilizing assembly is fixedly installed on the front of the slide seat, and locking bolts are threadedly installed on both outer sides of the U-shaped holder.

[0014] Furthermore, the fertilization assembly includes a furrow opener, a fertilization pipe is fixedly installed through the furrow opener, a corrugated material guide pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the fertilization pipe, and the top of the corrugated material guide pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom end of a discharge pipe; The bottom surface of the furrow opener is provided with an empty groove near the tail; Both sides of the furrow opener are provided with a slot for use with the U-shaped holder at a position close to the top, and a slot hole for use with the locking bolt is provided in the slot; When the furrow opener and the U-shaped clamping seat are in a connected state, the two sides of the U-shaped clamping seat are respectively slid into the two clamping grooves of the furrow opener, and the front end of the locking bolt 1 extends to the slot hole at the corresponding position.

[0015] Furthermore, a fixing ring is fixedly installed at a middle position of the periphery of the hollow column, and an inclined support rod is fixedly connected between the periphery of the fixing ring and the bottom surface of the mounting platform.

[0016] Furthermore, a plurality of breaking rods are fixedly connected to the periphery of the flexible steel wire shaft, and the plurality of breaking rods are distributed in an array along the spiral trajectory of the auger blades on the periphery of the flexible steel wire shaft.

[0017] Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. The present invention can accurately and quickly adjust the nitrogen fertilizer trenching fertilization depth of multiple fertilization components synchronously through the setting of the depth adjustment mechanism, which provides convenience for the research work on the nitrogen fertilizer application depth.

[0018] 2. The present invention can achieve the purpose of quickly adjusting the distance between adjacent fertilization components by coordinating the installation components with the fertilization components; the number of fertilization components can be flexibly selected according to demand, the adjustable range of the width is increased, and thus the flexibility of use of the device is improved.

[0019] 3. During the running process of the present invention, the nitrogen fertilizer in the distribution pipe will enter the discharge pipe when passing through the discharge pipe, so that the nitrogen fertilizer in the fertilizer box is continuously turned over while the discharge pipe in use can be kept filled with nitrogen fertilizer, thereby improving the uniformity of nitrogen fertilizer discharge.

[0020] 4. During the running process of the present invention, the mounting shaft drives the rotating shaft to rotate synchronously and proportionally through the transmission assembly, and the rotating shaft drives the feeding roller in the discharge pipe to rotate. The feeding roller that rotates in the same manner guides the nitrogen fertilizer in the discharge pipe to the fertilization assembly in equal amounts through the material trough, thereby realizing the function of precision fertilization, effectively improving the uniformity of fertilization, and reducing the influence of the factors of fertilization uniformity on the growth of wheat in the nitrogen application experiment at different depths, thereby improving the accuracy of the experimental results.

[0021] 5. By setting the material distribution components in the storage mechanism, the nitrogen fertilizer particles can be kept loose while feeding to multiple groups of fertilization components simultaneously, thereby avoiding blockage caused by the nitrogen fertilizer being easily affected by moisture and agglomeration, and affecting the uniformity of the fertilization amount; during the rotation of the steel wire flexible shaft, the breaking rod breaks up the nitrogen fertilizer in the material distribution pipe, so that the agglomerated nitrogen fertilizer can be broken up in the process of transmitting the nitrogen fertilizer in the material distribution pipe, thereby keeping the nitrogen fertilizer entering the discharge pipe and the nitrogen fertilizer stored in the fertilizer box in a loose state, further improving the accuracy of the nitrogen fertilizer discharge amount. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A front view of Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of part A in the middle; Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of part B; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the installation relationship between the discharging pipe and the material-discharging roller in the present invention; Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the fertilization component and the material guiding mechanism in the present invention; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Enlarged view of part C; Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the depth adjustment mechanism and the mounting platform in the present invention; Fig. 9 yes Figure 8 A magnified view of part D in the middle; Fig.10 yes Figure 8 Enlarged view of part E in the middle; Fig.11 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the fertilizer box and the distribution pipe in the present invention; Fig.12 yes Fig.11 A three-dimensional schematic diagram from another angle; Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the material distribution pipe in the present invention; The reference numerals in the figures are as follows: 1-mounting table, 2-fertilizer box, 3-support plate, 4-motor, 5-conduit, 6-distribution pipe, 7-through slot, 8-connecting frame, 9-mounting seat, 10-travel wheel, 11-mounting shaft, 12-U-shaped lifting seat, 13-slide rail, 14-rotating shaft, 15-driven pulley, 16-belt, 17-active pulley, 18-slide seat, 19-ditch opener, 20-fertilizer pipe, 21-corrugated guide pipe, 22 -Feeding roller, 23-discharging pipe, 24-gate valve, 25-cage slot, 26-locking bolt 1, 27-U-shaped seat, 28-empty slot, 29-hollow column, 30-sliding column, 31-fixing ring, 32-support rod, 33-screw, 34-internal thread sleeve, 35-knob, 36-locking bolt 2, 37-wire flexible shaft, 38-auger blade, 39-breaking rod, 40-discharging slot, 41-material trough. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Embodiment 1: See also Figures 1 to 13 In an embodiment of the present invention, a width-adjustable soil uniform fertilizer spreader comprises a mounting platform 1, a connecting frame 8 for being fixedly connected to a traction device is fixedly connected to one side of the mounting platform 1, a storage mechanism is fixedly installed on the top surface of the mounting platform 1, mounting seats 9 are fixedly connected to both ends of the bottom surface of the mounting platform 1, a mounting shaft 11 is rotatably connected to the outer side of the mounting seat 9, and a walking wheel 10 is fixedly installed on the end of the mounting shaft 11 away from the mounting seat 9; a through groove 7 is provided on the top surface of the mounting platform 1 along the midline of its length direction; the storage mechanism comprises a fertilizer box 2 arranged above the mounting platform 1, and support plates 3 are fixedly connected between the two ends of the bottom surface of the fertilizer box 2 and the top surface of the mounting platform 1; a material distribution component is fixedly connected between the two support plates 3, the feed end of the material distribution component is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fertilizer box 2 in a through-type, and the other end of the material distribution component is fixedly connected to the top position of one side of the fertilizer box 2 in a through-type, and a plurality of discharge pipes 23 are fixedly connected in a through-type in the material distribution component, and the bottom end of the discharge pipe 23 passes through the through groove 7 and extends to the bottom of the mounting platform 1; The bottom surface of the mounting platform 1 is fixedly connected with a depth adjustment mechanism, and a mounting assembly is provided in the depth adjustment mechanism. Multiple groups of fertilization assemblies are detachably fixedly installed on the mounting assembly. The number of the multiple groups of fertilization assemblies is less than or equal to the number of the multiple discharge pipes 23. The fertilization assemblies are fixedly connected with the discharge pipes 23 at corresponding positions in a through-type manner. A precision blanking assembly is rotatably mounted between the two mounting seats 9 , and the precision blanking assembly rotates through a plurality of discharge pipes 23 , and a transmission assembly is connected between one end of the precision blanking assembly and the mounting shaft 11 at the corresponding position.

[0025] Among them, the bottom surface of the fertilizer box 2 is an inclined surface, and a discharge slot 40 is opened at a lower end position on the bottom surface of the fertilizer box 2. Through the structural setting of the inclined surface at the bottom of the fertilizer box 2, the nitrogen fertilizer in the fertilizer box 2 can be gathered to the discharge slot 40, thereby improving the stability of the distribution component for the nitrogen fertilizer turning operation in the fertilizer box 2.

[0026] The material distribution assembly includes a material distribution pipe 6 fixedly installed between the two support plates 3, the material distribution pipe 6 is located directly above the through slot 7, and one end of the material distribution pipe 6 close to the material discharge slot 40 penetrates the support plate 3 at the corresponding position, and one end of the material distribution pipe 6 close to the material discharge slot 40 is a closed structure, and a motor 4 is fixedly installed; A guide tube 5 is fixedly installed on the periphery of the material distribution pipe 6 just below the material discharging slot 40, and the top of the guide tube 5 is fixedly connected to the material discharging slot 40; One end of the material distribution pipe 6 away from the motor 4 passes through the support plate 3 at the corresponding position and then bends and extends to the top position of the corresponding side of the fertilizer box 2. The end of the material distribution pipe 6 away from the motor 4 is fixedly connected to the fertilizer box 2 in a through-type manner; A steel wire flexible shaft 37 coaxial with the material distribution pipe 6 is provided in the material distribution pipe 6. The end of the steel wire flexible shaft 37 close to the motor 4 rotates through the end surface of the material distribution pipe 6 and is fixedly connected to the output shaft end of the motor 4. An auger blade 38 is fixedly installed on the periphery of the steel wire flexible shaft 37. A plurality of discharge pipes 23 are fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the distribution pipe 6 located between the two support plates 3 , and a gate valve 24 is installed in the discharge pipe 23 at a position close to the distribution pipe 6 .

[0027] The precision unloading assembly includes a rotating shaft 14 rotatably mounted between two mounting seats 9, the rotating shaft 14 is located below the gate valve 24, and a number of prying rollers 22 equal to the number of the plurality of discharge pipes 23 are fixedly mounted on the periphery of the rotating shaft 14, and the plurality of prying rollers 22 rotate and penetrate the plurality of discharge pipes 23 respectively, and the diameter of the prying roller 22 is equal to the inner diameter of the discharge pipe 23; A plurality of material grooves 41 are provided at the middle of the outer periphery of the material-dispensing roller 22, and the plurality of material grooves 41 are arranged in an array in the circumferential direction about the axis of the material-dispensing roller 22; One end of the rotating shaft 14 rotates and passes through the mounting seat 9 at the corresponding position.

[0028] The transmission assembly includes a driving pulley 17 and a driven pulley 15 fixedly mounted on one end of a rotating shaft 14 passing through a mounting seat 9. The driving pulley 17 is fixedly mounted on the periphery of a mounting shaft 11 below the driven pulley 15. A belt 16 is connected between the driving pulley 17 and the driven pulley 15. The diameter of the driving pulley 17 is greater than the diameter of the driven pulley 15 .

[0029] The depth adjustment assembly includes a U-shaped lifting seat 12 arranged parallel to the bottom of the mounting platform 1, the opening of the U-shaped lifting seat 12 is downward, and the U-shaped lifting seat 12 is located on a side of the bottom of the mounting platform 1 away from the connecting frame 8; The top ends of the U-shaped lifting seat 12 are fixedly connected with sliding columns 30, and the top sliding sleeve of the sliding column 30 is provided with a hollow column 29, and the top of the hollow column 29 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the mounting platform 1; A screw rod 33 is fixedly connected to the middle position of the top surface of the U-shaped lifting seat 12, and an internal thread sleeve 34 is threadedly installed on the top end of the screw rod 33. The top end of the internal thread sleeve 34 is rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the mounting platform 1, and a knob 35 is fixedly installed in the middle position of the outer periphery of the internal thread sleeve 34.

[0030] The mounting assembly includes a slide rail 13 fixedly mounted between two sides of a U-shaped lifting seat 12, on which slide rails 13 are slidably mounted slide seats 18 equal in number to the number of discharge pipes 23, and a locking bolt 36 for limiting the relative sliding between the slide seat 18 and the slide rail 13 is threadedly mounted on the back side of the slide seat 18; A U-shaped holder 27 for detachably fixing a fertilizer assembly is fixedly mounted on the front of the slide 18, and locking bolts 26 are threadedly mounted on both outer sides of the U-shaped holder 27.

[0031] When the present invention is used: The device body is connected to a traction device, such as a common traction tractor, via a connecting frame 8; Nitrogen fertilizer is placed in the fertilizer box 2. Before fertilizing, the fertilization depth, fertilization width and fertilization amount need to be adjusted, as follows: Fertilization width adjustment: select the number of fertilization components to be used according to the width requirements, and then adjust the spacing between adjacent fertilization components; the total fertilization width of the device is a fixed value, and the number of fertilization components to be used can be determined by combining the total fertilization width and the actual required fertilization width. When adjusting the spacing between adjacent fertilization components, loosen the locking bolt 2 36 in the installation component, and then slide and adjust the position of the slide 18 on the slide rail 13. After the adjustment is completed, the slide 18 is locked on the slide rail 13 through the auger blade 38, so as to achieve the purpose of quickly adjusting the spacing between adjacent fertilization components; through the setting of the installation component, the number of fertilization components can be flexibly selected according to needs, and the adjustable range of width is increased, thereby improving the flexibility of use of the device.

[0032] Fertilization depth adjustment: In the depth adjustment mechanism, the internal threaded sleeve 34 is rotated by the knob 35, and the rotation of the internal threaded sleeve 34 drives the screw 33 to extend and retract, thereby changing the distance between the U-shaped lifting seat 12 and the mounting platform 1, so that the trenching depth of multiple groups of fertilization components can be adjusted synchronously, thereby achieving the purpose of rapid adjustment of the fertilization depth. Compared with the adjustment method of disassembling and assembling bolts in the prior art, the operation convenience is improved.

[0033] Fertilizer amount adjustment: With the coordinated use of the precision unloading component and the transmission component, during the movement of the device, the rotation of the mounting shaft 11 synchronously drives the rotating shaft 14 to rotate through the driving pulley 17, the belt 16 and the driven pulley 15, and the rotation of the rotating shaft 14 drives the multiple feeding rollers 22 to rotate, so that the nitrogen fertilizers in the multiple discharge pipes 23 can enter the fertilization component synchronously and in the same amount; and the unloading speed of the discharge pipe 23 is proportional to the movement speed of the device, and the specific proportional value is determined by the diameters of the driving pulley 17 and the driven pulley 15. Therefore, different fertilizer amounts can be obtained by replacing the driving pulley 17 and the driven pulley 15 of different diameters.

[0034] In the specific fertilization process, nitrogen fertilizer is placed in the fertilizer box 2, and the motor 4 in the material distribution component is started. The nitrogen fertilizer in the fertilizer box 2 enters the material distribution pipe 6 through the conduit 5. Under the guiding action of the auger blade 38, the nitrogen fertilizer in the material distribution pipe 6 is continuously transferred back to the fertilizer box 2, so that the nitrogen fertilizer in the fertilizer box 2 is continuously flipped up and down during the application process. The auger blade 38 has a certain stirring effect, which can effectively alleviate the problem that the nitrogen fertilizer is easily damp and agglomerated, resulting in uneven fertilizer application and possible blockage. Before fertilizing, the gate valve 24 in the discharge pipe 23 connected to the fertilization component is opened to make the distribution pipe 6 of the distribution component in a state of stable nitrogen fertilizer delivery, that is, at this time, the distribution pipe 6 and the discharge pipe 23 are filled with nitrogen fertilizer; the contact state between the nitrogen fertilizer in each discharge pipe 23 and the feeding roller 22 is highly consistent; during the process of moving, the nitrogen fertilizer in the distribution pipe 6 will enter the discharge pipe 23 when passing through the discharge pipe 23, so that the nitrogen fertilizer in the fertilizer box 2 is continuously turned over while the discharge pipe 23 in use can remain filled with nitrogen fertilizer, thereby improving the uniformity of the nitrogen fertilizer discharge amount.

[0035] When the device is moving, the installation shaft 11 drives the rotating shaft 14 to rotate synchronously and proportionally through the transmission component, and the rotating shaft 14 drives the material-dispensing roller 22 in the discharge pipe 23 to rotate. The material-dispensing roller 22 that rotates in the same manner guides the nitrogen fertilizer in the discharge pipe 23 to the fertilization component in equal amounts through the material trough 41, thereby realizing the function of precision fertilization, effectively improving the uniformity of fertilization, and reducing the influence of the factors of fertilization uniformity on the growth of wheat in the nitrogen application experiment at different depths, thereby improving the accuracy of the experimental results.

[0036] Therefore, in the experiment of studying the effect of improving the nitrogen fertilizer base application depth on the nitrogen transfer and distribution in farmland soil, the present invention can achieve the purpose of quickly adjusting the distance between adjacent fertilization components through the coordinated setting of the installation component and the fertilization component; the number of fertilization components can be flexibly selected according to demand, and the adjustable range of the width is increased, thereby improving the flexibility of use of the device; By setting up the depth adjustment mechanism, the nitrogen fertilizer trenching and fertilization depths of multiple fertilization components can be accurately and quickly adjusted synchronously, providing convenience for the research work on the nitrogen fertilizer application depth.

[0037] By setting the material distribution components in the storage mechanism, the nitrogen fertilizer particles can be kept loose while feeding the multiple groups of fertilization components synchronously, thereby avoiding the blockage caused by the nitrogen fertilizer being easily affected by moisture and agglomeration, and affecting the uniformity of the fertilization amount.

[0038] By setting up the precision feeding component and the transmission component, the feeding speed is proportional to the travel speed of the device, which solves the problem of uneven fertilizer application due to the unstable travel speed of the device in the prior art, further improves the uniformity of nitrogen fertilizer application, and is conducive to improving the accuracy of experimental results.

[0039] Embodiment 2: See also Fig. 9 On the basis of Example 1, a fixing ring 31 is fixedly installed at the middle position of the periphery of the hollow column 29, and an inclined support rod 32 is fixedly connected between the periphery of the fixing ring 31 and the bottom surface of the mounting platform 1.

[0040] During the fertilizing process of the device, the resistance between the fertilizing assembly and the soil causes the hollow column 29 to be subjected to a large bending force. The setting of the fixing ring 31 and the support rod 32 can provide additional support for the hollow column 29, thereby improving the structural stability of the depth adjustment mechanism and extending the service life of the device.

[0041] Embodiment three: See also Fig.13 On the basis of Example 2, a plurality of breaking rods 39 are fixedly connected to the periphery of the steel wire flexible shaft 37 , and the plurality of breaking rods 39 are distributed in an array along the spiral trajectory of the auger blades 38 on the periphery of the steel wire flexible shaft 37 .

[0042] During the rotation of the steel wire flexible shaft 37, the breaking rod 39 breaks up the nitrogen fertilizer in the distribution pipe 6, so that the agglomerated nitrogen fertilizer can be broken up in the process of conveying the nitrogen fertilizer in the distribution pipe 6, thereby keeping the nitrogen fertilizer entering the discharge pipe 23 and the nitrogen fertilizer stored in the fertilizer box 2 in a loose state, further improving the accuracy of the nitrogen fertilizer discharge amount.

[0043] Embodiment 4: See also Figure 7 On the basis of Example 3, the fertilization assembly includes a furrow opener 19, a fertilization pipe 20 is fixedly installed through the furrow opener 19, a corrugated material guide pipe 21 is fixedly connected to the top of the fertilization pipe 20, and the top of the corrugated material guide pipe 21 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of a discharge pipe 23; The bottom surface of the furrow opener 19 is provided with an empty groove 28 near the tail; Both sides of the furrow opener 19 are provided with a slot 25 for use with a U-shaped holder 27 near the top, and a slot hole for use with a locking bolt 26 is provided in the slot 25; When the trench opener 19 and the U-shaped holder 27 are in a connected state, the two sides of the U-shaped holder 27 slide into the two slots 25 of the trench opener 19 respectively, and the front end of the locking bolt 26 extends to the slot hole at the corresponding position.

[0044] In the fertilization assembly, the bottom end of the furrow opener 19 extends into the soil to open furrows as the device moves forward, and the nitrogen fertilizer in the discharge pipe 23 falls into the fertilizer pipe 20 through the corrugated guide pipe 21, and then falls into the fertilizer furrow through the fertilizer pipe 20; Among them, by setting the corrugated guide pipe 21, the fertilizer pipe 20 and the discharge pipe 23 are connected through each other, and the bending and stretching characteristics of the corrugated guide pipe 21 can be used to adapt to the misalignment between the furrow opener 19 and the discharge pipe 23 after the width adjustment, so as to meet the use requirements of flexible adjustment; The empty groove 28 is provided so that there is a gap between the bottom end of the fertilizer pipe 20 and the bottom of the ditch, which can prevent the bottom end of the fertilizer pipe 20 from being blocked by the soil, thereby ensuring the smoothness of the fertilization process and the consistency of the fertilizer amount; The matching arrangement of the card slot 25 and the U-shaped card seat 27 in the installation assembly facilitates the rapid disassembly and assembly of the fertilization assembly, thereby improving the convenience of use of the present invention.

[0045] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected.

Claims

1. A soil fertilizer spreader with adjustable width, comprising a mounting platform (1), a connecting frame (8) for fixed connection with a traction device being fixedly connected to one side of the mounting platform (1), a material storage mechanism being fixedly installed on the top surface of the mounting platform (1), mounting seats (9) being fixedly connected to both ends of the bottom surface of the mounting platform (1), a mounting shaft (11) being rotatably connected to the outer side of the mounting seat (9), and a travel wheel (10) being fixedly installed on one end of the mounting shaft (11) away from the mounting seat (9); characterized in that: The top surface of the mounting platform (1) is provided with a through slot (7) along the midline of its length direction; the storage mechanism comprises a fertilizer box (2) arranged above the mounting platform (1), and support plates (3) are fixedly connected between the two ends of the bottom surface of the fertilizer box (2) and the top surface of the mounting platform (1); a material distribution component is fixedly connected between the two support plates (3), the feed end of the material distribution component is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fertilizer box (2) in a through-type connection, and the other end of the material distribution component is fixedly connected to the top position of one side of the fertilizer box (2) in a through-type connection, and a plurality of discharge pipes (23) are fixedly connected in a through-type connection in the material distribution component, and the bottom ends of the discharge pipes (23) extend to the bottom of the mounting platform (1) after passing through the through slot (7); The bottom surface of the mounting platform (1) is fixedly connected to a depth adjustment mechanism, the depth adjustment mechanism is provided with a mounting assembly, a plurality of groups of fertilization assemblies are detachably fixedly mounted on the mounting assembly, the number of the plurality of groups of fertilization assemblies is less than or equal to the number of the plurality of discharge pipes (23), and the fertilization assemblies are fixedly connected to the discharge pipes (23) at corresponding positions in a through-type manner; A precision blanking assembly is rotatably mounted between the two mounting seats (9), the precision blanking assembly rotatably passes through a plurality of discharge pipes (23), and a transmission assembly is connected between one end of the precision blanking assembly and a mounting shaft (11) at a corresponding position.

2. A width-adjustable soil fertilizer spreader according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the fertilizer box (2) is an inclined surface, and a discharge slot (40) is provided at a lower end position of the bottom surface of the fertilizer box (2).

3. A width-adjustable soil fertilizer spreader according to claim 2, characterized in that: The material distribution assembly comprises a material distribution pipe (6) fixedly mounted between two support plates (3), the material distribution pipe (6) being located directly above the through slot (7), one end of the material distribution pipe (6) close to the material discharge slot (40) passing through the support plate (3) at a corresponding position, and one end of the material distribution pipe (6) close to the material discharge slot (40) being a closed structure and having a motor (4) fixedly mounted thereon; A guide tube (5) is fixedly installed on the periphery of the material distribution pipe (6) directly below the material discharge slot (40), and the top end of the guide tube (5) is fixedly connected to the material discharge slot (40); The end of the distribution pipe (6) away from the motor (4) passes through the support plate (3) at the corresponding position and then bends and extends to the top position of the corresponding side of the fertilizer box (2). The end of the distribution pipe (6) away from the motor (4) is fixedly connected to the fertilizer box (2) in a through-type manner; The distribution pipe (6) is provided with a steel wire flexible shaft (37) coaxial with the distribution pipe (6); one end of the steel wire flexible shaft (37) close to the motor (4) rotates through the end surface of the distribution pipe (6) and is fixedly connected to the output shaft end of the motor (4); an auger blade (38) is fixedly mounted on the periphery of the steel wire flexible shaft (37); A plurality of discharge pipes (23) are fixedly connected in a through-type manner to a portion of the periphery of the distribution pipe (6) located between the two support plates (3), and a gate valve (24) is installed in the discharge pipe (23) at a position close to the distribution pipe (6).

4. A width-adjustable soil fertilizer spreader according to claim 3, characterized in that: The precision unloading assembly comprises a rotating shaft (14) rotatably mounted between two mounting seats (9), the rotating shaft (14) being located below the gate valve (24), and a number of material-discharging rollers (22) equal to the number of the plurality of material-discharging pipes (23) being fixedly mounted on the periphery of the rotating shaft (14), the plurality of material-discharging rollers (22) respectively rotatingly passing through the plurality of material-discharging pipes (23), and the diameter of the material-discharging rollers (22) being equal to the inner diameter of the material-discharging pipes (23); A plurality of material grooves (41) are provided at the middle of the periphery of the material-dispensing roller (22), and the plurality of material grooves (41) are distributed in an array in the circumferential direction about the axis of the material-dispensing roller (22); One end of the rotating shaft (14) rotates to penetrate the mounting seat (9) at a corresponding position.

5. The width-adjustable soil fertilizer spreader according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transmission assembly comprises a driving pulley (17) and a driven pulley (15) fixedly mounted on one end of the rotating shaft (14) penetrating the mounting seat (9), the driving pulley (17) being fixedly mounted on the periphery of the mounting shaft (11) located below the driven pulley (15), and a belt (16) being connected between the driving pulley (17) and the driven pulley (15); The diameter of the driving pulley (17) is greater than the diameter of the driven pulley (15).

6. The width-adjustable soil fertilizer spreader according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth adjustment assembly comprises a U-shaped lifting seat (12) arranged in parallel below the mounting platform (1), the opening of the U-shaped lifting seat (12) facing downward, and the U-shaped lifting seat (12) is located below the mounting platform (1) on a side away from the connecting frame (8); Sliding columns (30) are fixedly connected at both ends of the top surface of the U-shaped lifting seat (12); a hollow column (29) is provided on the top sliding sleeve of the sliding column (30); and the top of the hollow column (29) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the mounting platform (1); A screw rod (33) is fixedly connected to the middle position of the top surface of the U-shaped lifting seat (12); an internal thread sleeve (34) is threadedly mounted on the top end of the screw rod (33); the top end of the internal thread sleeve (34) is rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the mounting platform (1); and a knob (35) is fixedly mounted on the middle position of the outer periphery of the internal thread sleeve (34).

7. A width-adjustable soil fertilizer spreader according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mounting assembly comprises a slide rail (13) fixedly mounted between two sides of the U-shaped lifting seat (12), a number of slide seats (18) equal to the number of the plurality of discharge pipes (23) being slidably mounted on the slide rail (13), and a locking bolt (36) for limiting relative sliding between the slide seat (18) and the slide rail (13) being threadedly mounted on the back side of the slide seat (18); A U-shaped holder (27) for detachably fixing a fertilizing assembly is fixedly mounted on the front of the slide seat (18), and locking bolts (26) are threadedly mounted through both outer sides of the U-shaped holder (27).

8. The width-adjustable soil fertilizer spreader according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fertilization assembly comprises a furrow opener (19), a fertilization pipe (20) is fixedly installed through the furrow opener (19), a corrugated material guide pipe (21) is fixedly connected to the top end of the fertilization pipe (20), and the top end of the corrugated material guide pipe (21) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of a discharge pipe (23); The bottom surface of the furrow opener (19) is provided with an empty groove (28) near the tail; Both sides of the furrow opener (19) are provided with a clamping groove (25) for use with the U-shaped clamping seat (27) at a position close to the top, and a slot hole for use with the locking bolt 1 (26) is provided in the clamping groove (25); When the furrow opener (19) and the U-shaped holder (27) are in a connected state, the two sides of the U-shaped holder (27) are respectively slidably engaged in the two slots (25) of the furrow opener (19), and the front end of the locking bolt 1 (26) extends into the slot hole at the corresponding position.

9. The width-adjustable soil fertilizer spreader according to claim 6, characterized in that: A fixing ring (31) is fixedly mounted at a central position of the periphery of the hollow column (29), and an oblique support rod (32) is fixedly connected between the periphery of the fixing ring (31) and the bottom surface of the mounting platform (1).

10. The width-adjustable soil fertilizer spreader according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of breaking rods (39) are also fixedly connected to the periphery of the steel wire flexible shaft (37), and the plurality of breaking rods (39) are distributed in an array along the spiral trajectory of the auger blades (38) on the periphery of the steel wire flexible shaft (37).

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