Cordyceps sinensis factory culture method

Abstract

The invention discloses a cordyceps sinensis factory culture method which comprises the following steps: inoculating conidia of cordyceps sinensis into hepialus armoricanus larvae, and culturing bacteria-sensitive larvae; collecting an appearance image of the cordyceps sinensis, and judging the growth stage of the cordyceps sinensis according to the collected image; according to the real-time cordyceps sinensis growth stage, a corresponding environment instruction is called to control the environment parameters of the multi-layer culture frame area. According to the method, after the conidia are inoculated into the hepialus armoricanus larvae, artificial culture is carried out, the growth stages of cordyceps sinensis are judged through image acquisition, different illumination control conditions are preset for different growth stages, self-adaptive illumination control is achieved, optimal environment control is provided for growth of cordyceps sinensis, and the method is suitable for large-scale popularization and application. The grown cordyceps sinensis is good in form and rich in nutrient substances.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cultivating medicinal edible fungi, and in particular to a method for cultivating cordyceps sinensis in a factory. Background Art

[0002] Cordyceps sinensis is a dried complex of the fruiting bodies and larval corpses of the ergot fungus Cordyceps sinensis parasitizing on the larvae of the bat moth family insects. It nourishes the kidney and lungs, stops bleeding and resolves phlegm. It is used for kidney deficiency and spermatorrhea, impotence and spermatorrhea, soreness of the waist and knees, chronic cough and asthma, and cough and hemoptysis due to fatigue. The growth conditions of natural Cordyceps sinensis are extremely special. In addition to global climate change, ecological environment destruction, and predatory mining, the wild resources of Cordyceps sinensis are decreasing and the source of medicine is in short supply.

[0003] Since the 1970s, research on artificial breeding of Cordyceps sinensis has been a hot topic in the field of protection and regeneration of Chinese medicine resources. The artificial breeding technology of Cordyceps sinensis mainly involves collecting conidia of Cordyceps sinensis, artificially inoculating to increase the infection rate of bat moth larvae, and then cultivating the infected larvae in low-altitude indoor simulated plateau environmental conditions or in high-altitude Cordyceps sinensis suitable habitats to grow fruiting bodies to form Cordyceps sinensis.

[0004] After the Cordyceps sinensis fungus is inoculated with larvae, there are several completely different growth stages, and different growth stages have different requirements for the environment. However, the existing factory cultivation method cannot adaptively control the growth of Cordyceps sinensis and cannot meet the optimal environment for each growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method for cultivating Cordyceps sinensis in a factory to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] The invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and provides a method for factory-based cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for industrial cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Inoculate the conidia of Cordyceps sinensis into the bat moth larvae, and place the larvae on a multi-layer culture rack to culture the infected larvae;

[0009] S2, collecting appearance images of Cordyceps sinensis, and determining its growth stage based on the collected images;

[0010] S3, preset the optimal environment instructions for each growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis;

[0011] S4. According to the real-time growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis, corresponding environmental instructions are called to control the environmental parameters of the multi-layer culture rack area.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in said S1, inoculating the conidia of Cordyceps sinensis into the bat moth larvae comprises the following steps:

[0013] S11, isolating the Chinese Hirsutella serrata strain from the Cordyceps sinensis sample, performing pure culture and amplification of the strain to obtain sufficient mycelium, and obtaining a bacterial liquid rich in conidia through slant culture, liquid shaking culture and seed fermentation tank culture, crushing the mycelium in the bacterial liquid and filtering it to obtain a spore suspension;

[0014] S12, collecting bat moth pupae, maintaining them until they naturally emerge as adults, promoting mating between male and female adults, causing successful mating of female adults, and collecting and maintaining the eggs to raise hatched bat moth larvae;

[0015] S13. Use a stainless steel hollow needle or solid needle with a needle tip diameter of less than 0.2 mm to dip into the spore suspension of step S11 and inoculate the bat moth larvae.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S1, several multi-layer culture racks are arranged in the biological cabin, each of the multi-layer culture racks has an inter-layer height of 15-20 cm, a width of 1-1.4 m, a length less than the length of the biological cabin, and the top layer of the multi-layer culture rack is 1-1.5 m away from the top of the biological cabin.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in said S2, the image acquisition includes: a micro-root window system for acquiring images of Cordyceps sinensis under the soil and a high-definition camera for acquiring images of Cordyceps sinensis on the soil.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the micro-root window system includes: a micro-root window tube and a camera inserted into the soil, the camera is extended into the micro-root window tube buried around the root system, and the growth image of Cordyceps sinensis under the soil is regularly obtained through the camera.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S2, Cordyceps sinensis is divided into five growth stages:

[0020] Infectious stage: The appearance is no different from ordinary larvae;

[0021] Mycelium growth stage: the larvae die, their bodies swell or deform, and a mesh-like mycelium structure appears on the surface;

[0022] Fruiting body primordium formation stage: a yellow or light brown fungus seat grows on the larva’s head;

[0023] Fruiting body development stage: The fruiting body primordium grows and stretches out the fruiting body, which is the fruit part of Cordyceps sinensis, and drills out from the head of the larvae and breaks through the soil surface straightly;

[0024] Maturity stage: The fruiting body matures and forms ascospores.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S2, a deep learning algorithm is used to train a recognition model to identify different growth stages of Cordyceps sinensis based on the collected images.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S3, according to the characteristics of Cordyceps sinensis at various growth stages, the environmental instructions in the culture area are preset to include: light, humidity and temperature, specifically:

[0027] Infection stage: light intensity 200-400 lux, 12h light / 12h dark, no UV radiation, humidity 60%-90%, temperature 8-20℃;

[0028] Mycelium growth stage: light intensity 400-600 lux, 12 hours light / 12 hours dark, no ultraviolet radiation, humidity 70%-95%, temperature 10-20℃, maintain ventilation;

[0029] Fruiting body primordium formation stage: light intensity 600-800 lux, 14h light / 10h dark, ultraviolet irradiation 2-3 times / day, 1min each time, humidity 70%-90%, temperature 15-20℃, maintain ventilation;

[0030] Fruiting body development stage: unidirectional lighting, light intensity 600-800 lux, 14h light / 10h dark, ultraviolet irradiation 2-3 times / day, 1min each time, humidity 70%-90%, temperature 15-20℃, maintain ventilation;

[0031] Maturity stage: light intensity 400-600lux, 10h light / 14h dark, ultraviolet irradiation 2-3 times / day, 1min each time, humidity 60%-80%, temperature 15-20℃, maintain ventilation.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, LED light strips and ultraviolet light strips are installed on the two side edges of each layer of the culture rack, and the LED light strips and ultraviolet light strips are arranged side by side; blackout curtains are arranged around each layer of the culture rack; the LED light strips and ultraviolet light strips are inclined toward one side of the culture rack, and the light covers the surface of the culture soil layer.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in said S4, the environmental control includes: temperature, humidity and light control;

[0034] The illumination control method comprises the following steps:

[0035] S41. Determine the light intensity, light duration and light direction parameters according to the growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis;

[0036] S42, dividing the illumination time into the sunshine time and the connection time, wherein the connection time is equally divided at both ends of the sunshine time;

[0037] S43, generating a light intensity fluctuation curve within the sunshine time according to the light intensity and sunshine time, wherein the upper limit and the lower limit of the light intensity fluctuation curve are both within the light intensity parameter range;

[0038] S44, generating a curve that gradually increases from 0 during the first connection time, generating a curve that gradually decreases to 0 during the second connection time, and connecting the two curves with the light intensity fluctuation curve to form a complete light control curve;

[0039] S45. Generate a PWM signal according to the illumination control curve to control the illumination intensity and illumination time of the LED light strip.

[0040] The present invention solves the defects existing in the background technology and has the following beneficial effects:

[0041] (1) The present invention provides a method for factory-scale cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis. After conidia are inoculated into bat moth larvae, artificial cultivation is carried out, and image acquisition is used to determine the growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis. Different light control conditions are preset for different growth stages to achieve adaptive light control, thereby providing optimal environmental control for the growth of Cordyceps sinensis. The grown Cordyceps sinensis has a good morphology and is rich in nutrients.

[0042] (2) The present invention can obtain images of Cordyceps sinensis under the soil (infection stage, mycelium growth stage and fruiting body primordium formation stage) and on the soil (fruiting body development stage and maturity stage) by using micro-root window technology and high-definition camera respectively, and input the images into the recognition model trained by the training value to automatically identify the growth stage, improve the automatic judgment of the growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis in different regions, and provide reliable data support for accurate cultivation. Compared with the prior art, which controls the culture conditions according to the time node of cultivation, the present invention more accurately provides Cordyceps sinensis with culture conditions that are more suitable for the current growth stage, avoiding the problem of mismatch between the culture conditions and the growth stage caused by the Cordyceps sinensis growing too fast or too slow.

[0043] (3) The present invention selects the most suitable illumination parameters according to its growth stage. In the specific implementation process, the illumination intensity is converted from a fixed value to a fluctuation curve that changes with time to simulate the gradual change of illumination in the natural environment. This improvement not only maintains the optimal illumination duration and intensity for each growth stage, but also integrates the dynamic characteristics of natural illumination and the precise regulation of scientific illumination, creating an ideal growth environment for Cordyceps sinensis that is both in line with its natural habits and finely adjusted.

[0044] (4) The present invention can ensure the unidirectionality of illumination in each culture area through the setting of light strips and the control of light direction, and through unidirectional illumination, the fruiting bodies will grow toward the area with higher light intensity, forming a denser distribution. At the same time, in order to avoid excessive concentration of fruiting bodies on one side, the light direction is controlled, based on half of the illumination time, to control the on / off of the LED light strips on both sides, that is, different reflective light sources, to ensure uniform distribution of fruiting bodies. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0046] Figure 1 It is a diagram of a method for industrial cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for industrial cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis, comprising the following steps:

[0050] S1. Inoculate the conidia of Cordyceps sinensis into the bat moth larvae, and place the bat moth larvae in a layer culture area to culture the infected larvae;

[0051] S2, collecting appearance images of Cordyceps sinensis, and determining its growth stage based on the collected images;

[0052] S3, preset the optimal environment instructions for each growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis;

[0053] S4. According to the real-time growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis, corresponding environmental instructions are called to control the environmental parameters of the multi-layer culture rack area.

[0054] The present invention provides a method for factory-based cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis. After conidia are inoculated into bat moth larvae, artificial cultivation is carried out, and image acquisition is used to determine the growth stage of the Cordyceps sinensis. Different light control conditions are preset for different growth stages to achieve adaptive light control, thereby providing optimal environmental control for the growth of Cordyceps sinensis. The grown Cordyceps sinensis has a good morphology and is rich in nutrients.

[0055] Each step is described in detail below.

[0056] In step S1, conidia of Cordyceps sinensis are first obtained, and then the conidia are inoculated into bat moth larvae, and then the infected larvae are cultured, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0057] S11. Collection of strains and preparation of spore suspension: Pure Chinese Hirsutospore strains were isolated from high-quality wild Cordyceps sinensis samples, and the selected strains were ensured to be free of contamination and have good growth characteristics; then, PDA medium was used to culture and amplify the strains at 10-20°C and pH 6.5 for 10-30 days until sufficient mycelium was obtained for subsequent inoculation.

[0058] Furthermore, the amplified high-quality strains are preserved for a long time through low-temperature freeze-drying or liquid nitrogen preservation technology for subsequent use.

[0059] The Chinese Hirsutella spp. strain obtained according to the above steps is subjected to slant culture, liquid shaking culture and seed fermentation tank culture to obtain a bacterial liquid rich in conidia, and the mycelium in the bacterial liquid is crushed and filtered through a 50-100 mesh filter to obtain a suspension containing a large number of spores.

[0060] S12. Preparation of bat moth larvae: Collect bat moth pupae that are not affected by diseases or parasites, place the collected pupae in a special curing bed, control the temperature of the curing environment between 10 and 18°C, maintain the relative humidity at 70 to 95%, and install a temperature and humidity detector to monitor environmental parameters. After 30 to 60 days of curing, the pupae will naturally emerge into adults, and they will be transferred to the mating tent to promote mating between male and female adults. After successful mating, the female adult will begin to lay eggs, collect these eggs and curing them in appropriate incubation containers until the larvae hatch.

[0061] Furthermore, the larvae are raised in an environment of 8-20°C, 60-90% humidity, and maintained in darkness or dim light conditions. The food of the bat moth is sorghum, carrots and potatoes, or a compound feed prepared in proportion with 50 grams of artificial bran, 10 grams of potato starch, 25 grams of defatted soybean powder, 20 grams of dry mulberry leaf powder, 5 grams of sucrose, 0.1 grams of chlortetracycline, 0.3 grams of sorbic acid, 1.5 grams of ascorbic acid, and 250 milliliters of distilled water to ensure the healthy growth of the larvae.

[0062] Furthermore, the curing bed is made of breathable material (such as mesh cloth or gauze), which can both ventilate and prevent natural enemies from entering.

[0063] Further, the volume of the mating tent is 1-6 cubic meters.

[0064] S13, conidia inoculation: Use a stainless steel hollow needle or solid needle with a needle tip diameter of less than 0.2 mm to dip the spore suspension of step S11 and accurately inoculate the bat moth larvae. It is preferred to puncture the tail of the larvae, because less body fluid flows out here, which helps to reduce mortality and improve infection efficiency. This method can break through the epidermal barrier, allowing a large number of spores to directly enter the larvae, thereby significantly improving the infection rate and birth rate.

[0065] S14. Cultivation of infected larvae:

[0066] A biological cabin / culture cabin is used, in which several multi-layer culture racks are set up. The height between layers is 15-20cm, the width is 1-1.4m, and the length is less than the length of the cabin. The top layer of the multi-layer culture rack is 1-1.5m away from the top of the cabin. A 0.8-meter-wide passage is left between each culture rack to facilitate staff to observe the growth status of Cordyceps sinensis as well as daily management and maintenance.

[0067] The culture soil includes: 50 kg of river sand, 30 kg of garden soil, 10 kg of yellow mud loose soil, and 10 kg of artificial compound feed, which are mixed and stirred in proportion, and the pH value of the culture soil is adjusted to 6-7 and the humidity is 40-60%.

[0068] Fill each layer of the culture rack with the processed culture soil to a thickness of 8 cm and make it into ridges to facilitate the movement of the larvae.

[0069] Place 150-200 fungus-susceptible larvae per square meter, allow them to naturally start feeding on the surface of the ridge and gradually drill into the soil, and lightly cover the ridge with a layer of leaves or film to maintain appropriate humidity and prevent external interference.

[0070] Furthermore, the environmental conditions in the bio-cabin are managed, including temperature, humidity, light and ventilation management.

[0071] In step S2, image acquisition includes: a micro-root window system for acquiring images of Cordyceps sinensis under the soil and a high-definition camera for acquiring images of Cordyceps sinensis on the soil, specifically:

[0072] Under the soil: Use a micro-root window system, including: inserting a micro-root window tube and a camera into the soil, extending the camera into the micro-root window tube (transparent tube) buried around the root system, and using the camera to regularly obtain growth images of Cordyceps sinensis under the soil.

[0073] On the soil: Several high-definition cameras are placed above the culture area to regularly capture images of Cordyceps growing out of the soil.

[0074] Furthermore, the acquired images are preprocessed, including cropping, calibration, and filtering, to remove the influence of noise and enhance the morphological details and color information.

[0075] It is worth noting that Cordyceps sinensis is divided into five growth stages:

[0076] Infection stage: The appearance is no different from that of ordinary larvae. The hyphae in the infected larvae at this stage are in a latent state and undergo adaptive growth.

[0077] Mycelium growth stage: The larvae die, their bodies swell or deform, and a mesh-like mycelium structure appears on the surface. In this stage, the mycelium grows and reproduces inside the larvae until it is completely occupied by mycelium.

[0078] Fruiting body primordium formation stage: a yellow or light brown fungus body grows on the larvae's head.

[0079] Fruiting body development stage: The fruiting body primordium grows and extends the fruiting body, which is the fruit body part of Cordyceps sinensis, drills out from the head of the larva and breaks through the soil surface straightly.

[0080] Maturity stage: The fruiting body matures and forms ascospores.

[0081] Furthermore, a deep learning algorithm is used to train a recognition model to identify the different growth stages of Cordyceps sinensis based on the collected images.

[0082] The training process of the recognition model includes the following steps:

[0083] S21. Collect a large number of Cordyceps sinensis images at different growth stages, including those under and above the soil, and preprocess these images. Then assign accurate labels to each image to identify its growth stage (infection stage, mycelial growth stage, fruiting body primordium formation stage, fruiting body development stage, maturity stage), and summarize and construct an image dataset.

[0084] S22. Randomly divide the image data set according to a certain ratio (such as 70% training set, 15% validation set, and 15% test set) to ensure that the samples in each set are evenly distributed and cover all growth stages.

[0085] S23. Use the training set to train the CNN model and output the growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis in the image. Use the validation set and test set to verify the performance of the trained CNN model, calculate the precision, recall rate and F1 score of the CNN model, and perform performance evaluation and iterative optimization.

[0086] Through the above steps, a recognition model for automatically determining the growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis can be recommended (the specific training process is an existing technology and will not be described in detail here), which not only improves work efficiency but also provides technical support for the precise cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis.

[0087] The present invention can obtain Cordyceps sinensis images under the soil (infection stage, mycelium growth stage and fruiting body primordium formation stage) and on the soil (fruiting body development stage and maturity stage) by using micro-root window technology and high-definition camera respectively, and input the values ​​into the recognition model trained to automatically identify the growth stage, improve the automatic judgment of the growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis in different regions, and provide reliable data support for accurate cultivation. Compared with the prior art, the culture conditions are controlled according to the time node of cultivation. The present invention more accurately provides Cordyceps sinensis with culture conditions that are more suitable for the current growth stage, avoiding the problem of mismatch between the culture conditions and the growth stage caused by the Cordyceps sinensis growing too fast or too slow.

[0088] In step S3, the optimal environment instructions are preset for each growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis.

[0089] According to the characteristics of Cordyceps sinensis at various growth stages, the environmental instructions in the preset cultivation area include: light, humidity and temperature, specifically:

[0090] Infection stage: light intensity 200-400 lux, 12h light / 12h dark, no UV exposure, humidity 60%-90%, temperature 8-20℃. The light level in this stage is kept low to avoid overstimulating the growth of larvae or hyphae.

[0091] Mycelium growth stage: light intensity 400-600 lux, 12h light / 12h dark, no ultraviolet radiation, humidity 70%-95%, temperature 10-20℃, maintain ventilation.

[0092] Fruiting body primordium formation stage: light intensity 600-800 lux, 14h light / 10h dark, ultraviolet irradiation 2-3 times / day, 1min each time, humidity 70%-90%, temperature 15-20℃, and ventilation. Increasing light intensity and extending light time will help increase light accumulation and promote fruiting body formation, and ultraviolet irradiation can promote the maturation of fruiting body primordium, enhance its structural stability, and slow down its growth rate.

[0093] Fruiting body development stage: unidirectional lighting, light intensity 600-800 lux, 14h light / 10h dark, ultraviolet irradiation 2-3 times / day, 1min each time, humidity 70%-90%, temperature 15-20℃, ventilation. The fruiting bodies grow faster at this stage, and suitable lighting conditions ensure their healthy development. By controlling the direction of light, the fruiting bodies will grow towards areas with higher light intensity, forming a denser distribution.

[0094] Maturity stage: light intensity 400-600lux, 10h light / 14h dark, ultraviolet irradiation 2-3 times / day, 1min each time, humidity 60%-80%, temperature 15-20℃, ventilation. In this stage, reduce the light intensity and time, slow down the growth rate of the fruiting body, prolong its development time, help the fruiting body mature and the formation of ascospores, maintain ultraviolet irradiation to enhance the stress resistance of the fruiting body, and further promote the formation of ascospores.

[0095] It is worth noting that the use of of ultraviolet radiation.

[0096] In step S4, according to the judgment result of the growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis in step S2, the corresponding environmental instructions are called, and the temperature, humidity and light control of the multi-layer culture rack area are controlled to achieve precise culture environment control of Cordyceps sinensis.

[0097] Furthermore, LED and UV light strips are installed on both sides of each layer of the culture rack, and the LED light strips and UV light strips are arranged side by side. At the same time, light-shielding curtains are arranged around each layer of the culture rack, and each layer of each culture rack is separated from other culture racks and other layers to avoid the doping of light sources, so that the light control of each layer of the culture rack is consistent.

[0098] Furthermore, the LED light strip and the UV light strip are tilted toward one side of the culture rack, and the light covers the surface of the culture soil layer. The specific tilt angle is set according to the height and width of the culture rack.

[0099] Furthermore, the illumination control method comprises the following steps:

[0100] S41. Determine the light intensity, light duration and light direction parameters according to the growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis;

[0101] S42, dividing the illumination time into the sunshine time and the connection time, wherein the connection time is equally divided at both ends of the sunshine time, and is 30-60 minutes;

[0102] S43, generating a light intensity fluctuation curve within the sunshine time according to the light intensity and sunshine time, wherein the upper limit and the lower limit of the light intensity fluctuation curve are both within the light intensity parameter range; and the peak size on the light intensity fluctuation curve is random;

[0103] S44, generating a curve that gradually increases from 0 during the first connection time (simulating the gradual increase in light intensity at sunrise), generating a curve that gradually decreases to 0 during the second connection time (simulating the gradual decrease in light intensity at sunset), and connecting the two curves with the light intensity fluctuation curve to form a complete light control curve;

[0104] S45: Generate a PWM signal according to the illumination control curve to control the illumination intensity and illumination time of the LED light strip. The duty cycle of the PWM signal will change according to the change of the illumination control curve to achieve accurate illumination intensity control.

[0105] It is worth mentioning that when light direction control is not required, the LED light strips on both sides are turned on at the same time; when light direction control is required, the light control curve is divided into two sections based on half of the lighting time, and PWM signals are generated respectively to control the LED light strips on both sides.

[0106] It is worth noting that the light intensity fluctuation curve during the daylight hours and the two end curves during the connection time all use the Beta distribution to generate light intensity data that conforms to their specific probability distribution (upper and lower limits and time length). It is preferred to use the betarnd function in MATLAB to generate random numbers that conform to the Beta distribution, which represent the light intensity, and draw a curve of the light intensity changing over time.

[0107] The present invention can ensure the unidirectionality of illumination in each culture area through the setting of light strips and the control of light direction, and through unidirectional illumination, the fruiting bodies will grow toward the area with higher illumination intensity, forming a denser distribution. At the same time, in order to avoid excessive concentration of fruiting bodies on one side, the light direction control is used to control the on / off of the LED light strips on both sides, that is, the light sources in different directions, based on half of the illumination time, to ensure uniform distribution of fruiting bodies.

[0108] The present invention further optimizes the light cultivation method of Cordyceps sinensis. First, the most suitable light parameters are selected according to its growth stage. In the specific implementation process, the light intensity is converted from a fixed value to a fluctuation curve that changes with time to simulate the gradual change of light in the natural environment. This improvement not only maintains the optimal light duration and intensity for each growth stage, but also integrates the dynamic characteristics of natural light and the precise regulation of scientific light, creating an ideal growth environment for Cordyceps sinensis that is both in line with its natural habits and finely adjusted.

[0109] By introducing gradual lighting conditions, the changing pattern of light in the wild can be more accurately imitated, which not only helps to maintain or increase the content of natural active ingredients in Cordyceps sinensis, but also promotes its ecological adaptability and resistance to stress. In particular, in the process of alternating light and darkness, the light intensity also takes the form of a gradual transition, ensuring the natural flow of the circadian rhythm. Such a design has a positive impact on the physiological processes of Cordyceps sinensis (such as metabolic activity and fruiting body development), and may regulate its seasonal biological clock, thereby optimizing the breeding cycle and product quality.

[0110] In summary, the present invention provides a more realistic light simulation scheme, which aims to maximize the growth potential and medicinal value of Cordyceps sinensis, and also provides valuable data support for related scientific research.

[0111] The following experiment was conducted on light control of the same culture batch of Cordyceps sinensis, which were all in the stage of fruiting body primordium formation.

[0112] This batch of Cordyceps sinensis was divided into four parts, hereinafter referred to as sample 1, sample 2, sample 3 and sample 4, and cultured on different culture racks and given different light control conditions. The other control conditions including soil, temperature, humidity, gas concentration and ventilation conditions were kept consistent.

[0113] Light control conditions:

[0114] Sample 1: fruiting body primordium formation stage (light intensity 600-800 lux, 14h light / 10h dark, ultraviolet irradiation 3 times / day, 1min each time), fruiting body development stage (unidirectional light, light intensity 600-800 lux, 14h light / 10h dark, ultraviolet irradiation 3 times / day, 1min each time), mature stage (light intensity 400-600 lux, 10h light / 14h dark, ultraviolet irradiation 3 times / day, 1min each time), the light control time of each stage is divided into 30min connection time + sunshine time + 30min connection time, according to the light intensity and sunshine time of each stage, the light intensity fluctuation curve is generated within the sunshine time, the curve gradually increases from 0 in the front connection time, and the curve gradually decreases to 0 in the back connection time, and the two curves are connected with the light intensity fluctuation curve to form a complete light control curve. Then generate a PWM signal to control the light intensity and light time of the LED light strip. During the fruiting body development stage, the light control curve is divided into two sections based on half of the light time, and PWM signals are generated to control the LED light strips on both sides.

[0115] Sample 2: fruiting body primordium formation stage (light intensity 600 lux, 14h light / 10h dark, ultraviolet irradiation 3 times / day, 1min each time), fruiting body development stage (unidirectional light, light intensity 750 lux, 14h light / 10h dark, ultraviolet irradiation 3 times / day, 1min each time), maturity stage (light intensity 500 lux, 10h light / 14h dark, ultraviolet irradiation 3 times / day, 1min each time). In the fruiting body development stage, the light time is divided into two equal sections to generate light to control the LED light strips on both sides.

[0116] Sample 3: Light intensity 600lux, 14h light / 10h dark, ultraviolet irradiation 3 times / day, 1min each time. The light control time is divided into 30min connection time + sunshine time + 30min connection time. According to the light intensity and sunshine time, the light intensity fluctuation curve within the sunshine time is generated. The curve gradually increases from 0 in the first connection time, and the curve gradually decreases to 0 in the second connection time. The two curves are connected with the light intensity fluctuation curve to form a complete light control curve. Then a PWM signal is generated to control the light intensity and light time of the LED light strip.

[0117] Sample 4: light intensity 600 lux, 14 h light / 10 h dark, ultraviolet irradiation 3 times / day, 1 min each time.

[0118] After the Cordyceps sinensis in the four sample areas were mature, the maturity time, appearance, and nutrient detection were recorded, as shown in Table 1 below.

[0119] Table 1 Lighting control experimental results

[0120]

[0121] From Table 1, we can see that samples 1 and 2 have the best performance in all aspects. Among them, sample 1 not only selects the most suitable lighting parameters according to its growth stage, but also adopts a gradual light intensity change curve and segmented PWM signal control. It has the shortest maturity time and the best appearance performance, and the active ingredient content is also higher.

[0122] The above is based on the ideal embodiment of the present invention. Through the above description, relevant personnel can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content in the specification, and the technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for industrial cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Inoculate the conidia of Cordyceps sinensis into the bat moth larvae, and place the larvae on a multi-layer culture rack to culture the infected larvae; S2, collecting appearance images of Cordyceps sinensis, and determining its growth stage based on the collected images; S3, preset the optimal environment instructions for each growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis; S4. According to the real-time growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis, corresponding environmental instructions are called to control the environmental parameters of the multi-layer culture rack area.

2. The method for industrial cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S1, the conidia of Cordyceps sinensis are inoculated into the bat moth larvae, comprising the following steps: S11, isolating the Chinese Hirsutella serrata strain from the Cordyceps sinensis sample, performing pure culture and amplification of the strain to obtain sufficient mycelium, and obtaining a bacterial liquid rich in conidia through slant culture, liquid shaking culture and seed fermentation tank culture, crushing the mycelium in the bacterial liquid and filtering it to obtain a spore suspension; S12, collecting bat moth pupae, maintaining them until they naturally emerge as adults, promoting mating between male and female adults, causing successful mating of female adults, and collecting and maintaining the eggs to raise hatched bat moth larvae; S13. Use a stainless steel hollow needle or solid needle with a needle tip diameter of less than 0.2 mm to dip into the spore suspension of step S11 and inoculate the bat moth larvae.

3. The method for industrial cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, several multi-layer culture racks are arranged in the biological cabin, each of which has an inter-layer height of 15-20 cm, a width of 1-1.4 m, and a length less than the length of the biological cabin, and the top layer of the multi-layer culture rack is 1-1.5 m away from the top of the biological cabin.

4. The method for industrial cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S2, the image acquisition includes: a micro-root window system for acquiring images of Cordyceps sinensis under the soil and a high-definition camera for acquiring images of Cordyceps sinensis on the soil.

5. The method for industrial cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis according to claim 4, characterized in that: The micro-root window system comprises: a micro-root window tube inserted into the soil and a camera. The camera is inserted into the micro-root window tube buried around the root system, and the growth image of Cordyceps sinensis under the soil is regularly obtained through the camera.

6. The method for industrial cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, Cordyceps sinensis is divided into five growth stages: Infectious stage: The appearance is no different from ordinary larvae; Mycelial growth stage: the larvae die, their bodies swell or deform, and a mesh-like mycelial structure appears on the surface; Fruiting body primordium formation stage: a yellow or light brown fungus seat grows on the larva’s head; Fruiting body development stage: The fruiting body primordium grows and stretches out the fruiting body, which is the fruit part of Cordyceps sinensis, and drills out from the head of the larvae and breaks through the soil surface straightly; Maturity stage: The fruiting body matures and forms ascospores.

7. The method for industrial cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, a deep learning algorithm is used to train a recognition model to identify different growth stages of Cordyceps sinensis based on the collected images.

8. The method for industrial cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis according to claim 6, characterized in that: In S3, according to the characteristics of Cordyceps sinensis at various growth stages, the environmental instructions in the culture area are preset to include: light, humidity and temperature, specifically: Infection stage: light intensity 200-400 lux, 12h light / 12h dark, no UV radiation, humidity 60%-90%, temperature 8-20℃; Mycelium growth stage: light intensity 400-600 lux, 12 hours light / 12 hours dark, no ultraviolet radiation, humidity 70%-95%, temperature 10-20℃, maintain ventilation; Fruiting body primordium formation stage: light intensity 600-800 lux, 14h light / 10h dark, ultraviolet irradiation 2-3 times / day, 1min each time, humidity 70%-90%, temperature 15-20℃, maintain ventilation; Fruiting body development stage: unidirectional lighting, light intensity 600-800 lux, 14h light / 10h dark, ultraviolet irradiation 2-3 times / day, 1min each time, humidity 70%-90%, temperature 15-20℃, maintain ventilation; Maturity stage: light intensity 400-600lux, 10h light / 14h dark, ultraviolet irradiation 2-3 times / day, 1min each time, humidity 60%-80%, temperature 15-20℃, maintain ventilation.

9. The method for industrial cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis according to claim 1, characterized in that: LED light strips and ultraviolet light strips are installed on the two side edges of each layer of the culture rack, and the LED light strips and ultraviolet light strips are arranged side by side; each layer of the culture rack is surrounded by a blackout curtain; the LED light strips and ultraviolet light strips are tilted toward one side of the culture rack, and the light covers the surface of the culture soil of this layer.

10. The method for industrial cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis according to claim 9, characterized in that: In said S4, the environmental control includes: temperature, humidity and light control; The illumination control method comprises the following steps: S41. Determine the light intensity, light duration and light direction parameters according to the growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis; S42, dividing the illumination time into the sunshine time and the connection time, wherein the connection time is equally divided at both ends of the sunshine time; S43, generating a light intensity fluctuation curve within the sunshine time according to the light intensity and sunshine time, wherein the upper limit and the lower limit of the light intensity fluctuation curve are both within the light intensity parameter range; S44, generating a curve that gradually increases from 0 during the first connection time, generating a curve that gradually decreases to 0 during the second connection time, and connecting the two curves with the light intensity fluctuation curve to form a complete light control curve; S45. Generate a PWM signal according to the illumination control curve to control the illumination intensity and illumination time of the LED light strip.

Images