Intelligent energy-saving irrigation management system and method based on environmental monitoring

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of irrigation, and discloses an intelligent energy-saving irrigation management system and method based on environmental monitoring, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the daily water demand of crops in a farmland through a crop growth monitoring module, setting the water flow of irrigation according to the daily water demand, then dividing the farmland into a plurality of regions, then environment parameters of soil humidity, temperature and illumination intensity of each area are monitored in real time through an environment monitoring module, and then the environment parameters are processed and analyzed through a data processing module to obtain current irrigation indexes of each area; whether the set irrigation water flow meets the irrigation requirements of all the areas or not is judged based on the current irrigation indexes of all the areas, if the areas do not meet the irrigation requirements, water supplementing is conducted on the areas in a sprinkling irrigation mode, then the water supplementing water flow is calculated based on the environment parameters, and it is guaranteed that the water content of all the areas of the farmland is consistent; therefore, the growth vigor of crops in each area is consistent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of irrigation technology, and in particular to an intelligent energy-saving irrigation management system and method based on environmental monitoring. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of modern agriculture, water shortage has become an important factor restricting the sustainable development of agriculture. Traditional irrigation methods have problems such as serious waste of water resources and low irrigation efficiency. Therefore, the development of an intelligent irrigation management system that can intelligently adjust the irrigation volume is of great significance to achieving water-saving agriculture and increasing crop yields.

[0003] Existing smart energy-saving irrigation management systems mostly intelligently set daily irrigation amounts and schedule irrigation based on the growth status of crops in the farmland. However, they do not take into account that farmland is now mostly planted on a large scale, and the growth environment faced by each region is somewhat different. Therefore, the water demand in each region is also different. Intelligently setting daily irrigation amounts and scheduling irrigation may lead to uneven growth of crops in the farmland. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent energy-saving irrigation management system and method based on environmental monitoring to solve the above technical problems.

[0005] A smart energy-saving irrigation management system based on environmental monitoring, characterized in that the system comprises: an environmental monitoring module, a data processing module, a crop growth monitoring module, an intelligent control module and an execution module;

[0006] The environmental monitoring module monitors soil moisture, temperature and light intensity environmental parameters in real time through various sensors arranged in the farmland, and the sensor data is sent to the data processing module through wireless transmission;

[0007] The data processing module is used to receive the environmental parameter data sent by the environmental monitoring module and process and analyze the data. At the same time, the data processing module also has a historical data query function to obtain historical data of environmental parameters;

[0008] The crop growth monitoring module is used to monitor the real-time state of crop growth and obtain the current water requirement of the crop according to the real-time state of crop growth;

[0009] The intelligent control module is used to generate irrigation decisions based on the analysis results of the data processing module and the current water demand of crops, control the execution module to perform irrigation operations, and achieve precise irrigation by adjusting the flow rate of the water pump and the spraying range of the sprinkler;

[0010] The execution module and the execution mechanism include a water pump, a valve and a nozzle. The water pump is responsible for transporting water from the water source to the farmland, the valve is used to control the flow rate of the water flow, and the nozzle sprays the water flow to the target area according to the irrigation demand.

[0011] As a further description of the solution of the present invention, the working process of the environmental monitoring module includes:

[0012] The farmland is divided into n monitoring areas, and corresponding sensors are set in each area to monitor the soil moisture, temperature and light intensity data of the current area;

[0013] The working process of the crop growth monitoring module includes:

[0014] Based on the acquisition of crop images in the farmland by drones, the characteristic image data of the crops is extracted through image processing and analysis algorithms. The characteristic image data of the crops is input into the trained neural network model, and the output is the daily water requirement of the crops.

[0015] As a further description of the scheme of the present invention, the process of obtaining the daily water requirement of crops includes:

[0016] Remote sensing image data photos of crops at various growth stages are selected from the database for segmentation and merging. The merged remote sensing image data are cross-checked by multiple people to reduce the error rate of visual interpretation, and then a data set is formed;

[0017] The data set is divided into training set, validation set and test set, and the division standard is that the ratio of training set, validation set and test set is 8:1:1;

[0018] The neural network is trained using the data set, and the current growth stage of the crop is calculated based on the trained neural network;

[0019] Get the daily water requirement of crops according to their current growth stage.

[0020] As a further description of the solution of the present invention, the working process of the data processing module includes:

[0021] Obtain the soil moisture change data, temperature change data and light intensity change data of the i-th monitoring area in the historical time period before the current moment;

[0022] According to the acquired data, the soil moisture variation curve, temperature variation curve and light intensity variation curve of the i-th monitoring area in the historical time period before the current moment are respectively fitted in the coordinate system;

[0023] Get the area S enclosed by the soil moisture change curve over time and the x-axis in the historical time period before the current moment of the i-th monitoring area respectivelyHi , the area S enclosed by the temperature-time curve and the x-axis Ti The area S enclosed by the light intensity variation curve over time and the x-axis Li .

[0024] As a further description of the solution of the present invention, the working process of the intelligent control module includes:

[0025] The current irrigation index ρ of the i-th monitoring area is calculated by the following formula: i :

[0026]

[0027] In the formula, k is the conversion coefficient, α and β are weight coefficients, S Ti0 S is the area enclosed by the standard curve of temperature variation over time and the x-axis in the historical time period before the current moment. Li0 The area enclosed by the standard curve of light intensity variation over time in the historical time period before the current moment and the x-axis;

[0028] According to the current irrigation index ρ of the i-th monitoring area i Generate irrigation decisions.

[0029] As a further description of the solution of the present invention, the current irrigation index ρ of the i-th monitoring area i The process of generating irrigation decisions includes:

[0030] Obtain the daily water requirement of crops, and set the irrigation water flow rate to F0 according to the daily water requirement of crops;

[0031] The current irrigation index ρ of the i-th monitoring area i and the preset irrigation index threshold ρ of the i-th monitoring area thi Compare, if ρ i Less than ρ thi , then the irrigation water flow F0 meets the water demand requirement for the i-th monitoring area, otherwise, sprinkler irrigation is required to irrigate the i-th monitoring area additionally F i of water flow.

[0032] As a further description of the scheme of the present invention, the additional irrigation F for the i-th monitoring area i The process of obtaining water flow includes:

[0033] Get the area S of the i-th monitoring area i and soil bulk density G i ;

[0034] Calculate F by the following formula i :

[0035]

[0036] In the formula, μ is the conversion coefficient, σ1 and σ2 are the preset coefficients, S i0 is the standard area reference value, G i0 It is the reference value of standard soil bulk density.

[0037] A smart energy-saving irrigation management method based on environmental monitoring, the method comprising the following steps:

[0038] Step S1, obtaining the daily water requirement of crops in the farmland through a crop growth monitoring module;

[0039] Step S2: Divide the farmland into n monitoring areas, and set corresponding sensors in each area to monitor the soil moisture, temperature and light intensity data of the current area;

[0040] Step S3: Calculate the current irrigation index ρ of the i-th monitoring area according to the data obtained in step S2. i ;

[0041] Step S4: Set the current irrigation index ρ of the i-th monitoring area i and the preset irrigation index threshold ρ of the i-th monitoring area thi Compare, if ρ i Less than ρ thi , then the irrigation water flow F0 meets the water demand requirement for the i-th monitoring area, otherwise, sprinkler irrigation is required to irrigate the i-th monitoring area additionally F i The water flow rate is calculated and the process proceeds to step S5;

[0042] Step S5: Obtain the area S of the i-th monitoring area i and soil bulk density G i , through the formula Calculate F i ;

[0043] Step S6: The execution module adjusts the nozzle to aim at the i-th area and irrigates the i-th area. i Water flow.

[0044] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0045] The present invention obtains the daily water requirement of crops in the farmland through the crop growth monitoring module, sets the irrigation water flow rate according to the daily water requirement, then divides the farmland into several areas, and then monitors the soil moisture, temperature and light intensity environmental parameters of each area in real time through the environmental monitoring module, and then processes and analyzes the environmental parameters through the data processing module to obtain the current irrigation index of each area, and judges whether the set irrigation water flow rate meets the irrigation demand of each area based on the current irrigation index of each area. If an area does not meet the demand, the area is supplemented with water through the sprinkler irrigation mode, and then the water flow rate of the supplementary water is calculated based on the environmental parameters to ensure that the water content of each area of ​​the farmland is consistent, thereby ensuring the consistent growth of crops in each area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0047] Figure 1 It is a partial structural diagram of the intelligent energy-saving irrigation management system based on environmental monitoring provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] See also Figure 1 As shown, the present invention is a smart energy-saving irrigation management system based on environmental monitoring, characterized in that the system comprises: an environmental monitoring module, a data processing module, a crop growth monitoring module, an intelligent control module and an execution module;

[0050] The environmental monitoring module monitors soil moisture, temperature and light intensity environmental parameters in real time through various sensors arranged in the farmland, and the sensor data is sent to the data processing module through wireless transmission;

[0051] The data processing module is used to receive the environmental parameter data sent by the environmental monitoring module and process and analyze the data. At the same time, the data processing module also has a historical data query function to obtain historical data of environmental parameters;

[0052] The crop growth monitoring module is used to monitor the real-time state of crop growth and obtain the current water requirement of the crop according to the real-time state of crop growth;

[0053] The intelligent control module is used to generate irrigation decisions based on the analysis results of the data processing module and the current water demand of crops, control the execution module to perform irrigation operations, and achieve precise irrigation by adjusting the flow rate of the water pump and the spraying range of the sprinkler;

[0054] The execution module and the execution mechanism include a water pump, a valve and a nozzle. The water pump is responsible for transporting water from the water source to the farmland, the valve is used to control the flow rate of the water flow, and the nozzle sprays the water flow to the target area according to the irrigation demand.

[0055] Through the above technical scheme, the present invention obtains the daily water requirement of crops in the farmland through the crop growth monitoring module, sets the irrigation water flow rate according to the daily water requirement, then divides the farmland into several areas, and then monitors the soil moisture, temperature and light intensity environmental parameters of each area in real time through the environmental monitoring module, and then processes and analyzes the environmental parameters through the data processing module to obtain the current irrigation index of each area, and judges whether the set irrigation water flow rate meets the irrigation needs of each area based on the current irrigation index of each area. If an area does not meet the requirements, the area is replenished with water through the sprinkler irrigation mode, and then the replenishment water flow rate is calculated based on the environmental parameters to ensure that the water content of each area of ​​the farmland is consistent, thereby ensuring the consistent growth of crops in each area.

[0056] As a further description of the solution of the present invention, the working process of the environmental monitoring module includes:

[0057] The farmland is divided into n monitoring areas, and corresponding sensors are set in each area to monitor the soil moisture, temperature and light intensity data of the current area;

[0058] The working process of the crop growth monitoring module includes:

[0059] Based on the drone, crop images in the farmland are obtained, and then the characteristic image data of the crops are extracted through image processing and analysis algorithms. The characteristic image data of the crops are input into the trained neural network model, and the output is the daily water requirement of the crops.

[0060] As a further description of the scheme of the present invention, the process of obtaining the daily water requirement of crops includes:

[0061] Remote sensing image data photos of crops at various growth stages are selected from the database for segmentation and merging. The merged remote sensing image data are cross-checked by multiple people to reduce the error rate of visual interpretation, and then a data set is formed;

[0062] The data set is divided into training set, validation set and test set, and the division standard is that the ratio of training set, validation set and test set is 8:1:1;

[0063] The neural network is trained using the data set, and the current growth stage of the crop is calculated based on the trained neural network;

[0064] Get the daily water requirement of crops according to their current growth stage.

[0065] As a further description of the solution of the present invention, the working process of the data processing module includes:

[0066] Obtain the soil moisture change data, temperature change data and light intensity change data of the i-th monitoring area in the historical time period before the current moment;

[0067] According to the acquired data, the soil moisture variation curve, temperature variation curve and light intensity variation curve of the i-th monitoring area in the historical time period before the current moment are respectively fitted in the coordinate system;

[0068] Get the area S enclosed by the soil moisture change curve over time and the x-axis in the historical time period before the current moment of the i-th monitoring area respectively Hi , the area S enclosed by the temperature-time curve and the x-axis Ti The area S enclosed by the light intensity variation curve over time and the x-axis Li .

[0069] As a further description of the solution of the present invention, the working process of the intelligent control module includes:

[0070] The current irrigation index ρ of the i-th monitoring area is calculated by the following formula: i :

[0071]

[0072] In the formula, k is the conversion coefficient, α and β are weight coefficients, S Ti0 S is the area enclosed by the standard curve of temperature variation over time and the x-axis in the historical time period before the current moment. Li0 The area enclosed by the standard curve of light intensity variation over time in the historical time period before the current moment and the x-axis;

[0073] According to the current irrigation index ρ of the i-th monitoring area i Generate irrigation decisions.

[0074] As a further description of the solution of the present invention, the current irrigation index ρ of the i-th monitoring area i The process of generating irrigation decisions includes:

[0075] Obtain the daily water requirement of crops, and set the irrigation water flow rate to F0 according to the daily water requirement of crops;

[0076] The current irrigation index ρ of the i-th monitoring area i and the preset irrigation index threshold ρ of the i-th monitoring area thi Compare, if ρ i Less than ρ thi , then the irrigation water flow F0 meets the water demand requirement for the i-th monitoring area, otherwise, sprinkler irrigation is required to irrigate the i-th monitoring area additionally F i of water flow.

[0077] As a further description of the scheme of the present invention, the additional irrigation F for the i-th monitoring area i The process of obtaining water flow includes:

[0078] Get the area S of the i-th monitoring area i and soil bulk density G i ;

[0079] Calculate F by the following formula i :

[0080]

[0081] In the formula, μ is the conversion coefficient, σ1 and σ2 are the preset coefficients, S i0 is the standard area reference value, G i0 It is the reference value of standard soil bulk density.

[0082] Through the above technical solution, this embodiment obtains the area S enclosed by the soil moisture change curve over time in the historical time period before the current moment of the i-th monitoring area and the x-axis through the soil moisture change curve over time, the temperature change curve over time and the light intensity change curve over time in the historical time period before the current moment of the i-th monitoring area. Hi , the area S enclosed by the temperature-time curve and the x-axis Ti The area S enclosed by the light intensity variation curve over time and the x-axis Li , the cumulative changes of various environmental parameters are counted by the area enclosed by the curve and the x-axis to avoid misjudgment caused by instantaneous values, and then according to the formula Calculate the current irrigation index ρ of the i-th monitoring area i , the current irrigation index ρ of the i-th monitoring area i and the preset irrigation index threshold ρ of the i-th monitoring area thi Compare, if ρ i Less than ρ thi , then the irrigation water flow F0 meets the water demand requirement for the i-th monitoring area, otherwise, obtain the physical parameters of the i-th area, that is, the area S i and soil bulk density G i , and then by the formula Calculate the water flow F for additional irrigation of the i-th monitoring area by means of sprinkler irrigation i .

[0083] A smart energy-saving irrigation management method based on environmental monitoring, the method comprising the following steps:

[0084] Step S1, obtaining the daily water requirement of crops in the farmland through a crop growth monitoring module;

[0085] Step S2: Divide the farmland into n monitoring areas, and set corresponding sensors in each area to monitor the soil moisture, temperature and light intensity data of the current area;

[0086] Step S3: Calculate the current irrigation index ρ of the i-th monitoring area according to the data obtained in step S2. i ;

[0087] Step S4: Set the current irrigation index ρ of the i-th monitoring area i and the preset irrigation index threshold ρ of the i-th monitoring area thi Compare, if ρ i Less than ρ thi , then the irrigation water flow F0 meets the water demand requirement for the i-th monitoring area, otherwise, sprinkler irrigation is required to irrigate the i-th monitoring area additionally F i The water flow rate is calculated and the process proceeds to step S5;

[0088] Step S5: Obtain the area S of the i-th monitoring area i and soil bulk density G i , through the formula Calculate F i ;

[0089] Step S6: The execution module adjusts the nozzle to aim at the i-th area and irrigates the i-th area. i Water flow.

[0090] All parameter calculations in the present invention are simple numerical calculations, and there is no need to consider the dimension.

[0091] The above is a detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention, but the content is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and cannot be considered to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart energy-saving irrigation management system based on environmental monitoring, characterized in that: The system includes: an environmental monitoring module, a data processing module, a crop growth monitoring module, an intelligent control module and an execution module; The environmental monitoring module monitors soil moisture, temperature and light intensity environmental parameters in real time through various sensors arranged in the farmland, and the sensor data is sent to the data processing module through wireless transmission; The data processing module is used to receive the environmental parameter data sent by the environmental monitoring module and process and analyze the data. At the same time, the data processing module also has a historical data query function to obtain historical data of environmental parameters; The crop growth monitoring module is used to monitor the real-time state of crop growth and obtain the current water requirement of the crop according to the real-time state of crop growth; The intelligent control module is used to generate irrigation decisions based on the analysis results of the data processing module and the current water demand of crops, control the execution module to perform irrigation operations, and achieve precise irrigation by adjusting the flow rate of the water pump and the spraying range of the sprinkler; The execution module and the execution mechanism include a water pump, a valve and a nozzle. The water pump is responsible for transporting water from the water source to the farmland, the valve is used to control the flow rate of the water flow, and the nozzle sprays the water flow to the target area according to the irrigation demand.

2. The intelligent energy-saving irrigation management system based on environmental monitoring according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The working process of the environmental monitoring module includes: The farmland is divided into n monitoring areas, and corresponding sensors are set in each area to monitor the soil moisture, temperature and light intensity data of the current area; The working process of the crop growth monitoring module includes: Based on the acquisition of crop images in the farmland by drones, the characteristic image data of the crops is extracted through image processing and analysis algorithms. The characteristic image data of the crops is input into the trained neural network model, and the output is the daily water requirement of the crops.

3. The intelligent energy-saving irrigation management system based on environmental monitoring according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The process of obtaining the daily water requirement of crops includes: Remote sensing image data photos of crops at various growth stages are selected from the database for segmentation and merging. The merged remote sensing image data are cross-checked by multiple people to reduce the error rate of visual interpretation, and then a data set is formed; The data set is divided into training set, validation set and test set, and the division standard is that the ratio of training set, validation set and test set is 8:1:1; The neural network is trained using the data set, and the current growth stage of the crop is calculated based on the trained neural network; Get the daily water requirement of crops according to their current growth stage.

4. The intelligent energy-saving irrigation management system based on environmental monitoring according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The working process of the data processing module includes: Obtain the soil moisture change data, temperature change data and light intensity change data of the i-th monitoring area in the historical time period before the current moment; According to the acquired data, the soil moisture variation curve, temperature variation curve and light intensity variation curve of the i-th monitoring area in the historical time period before the current moment are respectively fitted in the coordinate system; Get the area S enclosed by the soil moisture change curve over time and the x-axis in the historical time period before the current moment of the i-th monitoring area respectively Hi , the area S enclosed by the temperature-time curve and the x-axis Ti The area S enclosed by the light intensity variation curve over time and the x-axis Li .

5. The intelligent energy-saving irrigation management system based on environmental monitoring according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The working process of the intelligent control module includes: The current irrigation index ρ of the i-th monitoring area is calculated by the following formula: i : In the formula, k is the conversion coefficient, α and β are weight coefficients, S Ti0 S is the area enclosed by the standard curve of temperature variation over time and the x-axis in the historical time period before the current moment. Li0 The area enclosed by the standard curve of light intensity variation over time in the historical time period before the current moment and the x-axis; According to the current irrigation index ρ of the i-th monitoring area i Generate irrigation decisions.

6. The intelligent energy-saving irrigation management system based on environmental monitoring according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The current irrigation index ρ of the i-th monitoring area i The process of generating irrigation decisions includes: Obtain the daily water requirement of crops, and set the irrigation water flow rate to F0 according to the daily water requirement of crops; The current irrigation index ρ of the i-th monitoring area i and the preset irrigation index threshold ρ of the i-th monitoring area thi Compare, if ρ i Less than ρ thi , then the irrigation water flow F0 meets the water demand requirement for the i-th monitoring area, otherwise, sprinkler irrigation is required to irrigate the i-th monitoring area additionally F i of water flow.

7. The intelligent energy-saving irrigation management system based on environmental monitoring according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The additional irrigation F for the i-th monitoring area i The process of obtaining water flow includes: Get the area S of the i-th monitoring area i and soil bulk density G i ; F is calculated by the following formula i : In the formula, μ is the conversion coefficient, σ1 and σ2 are the preset coefficients, S i0 is the standard area reference value, G i0 It is the reference value of standard soil bulk density.

8. A smart energy-saving irrigation management method based on environmental monitoring, characterized in that: The method adopts the intelligent energy-saving irrigation management system based on environmental monitoring according to any one of claims 1 to 7 for management, and the method comprises the following steps: Step S1, obtaining the daily water requirement of crops in the farmland through a crop growth monitoring module; Step S2: Divide the farmland into n monitoring areas, and set corresponding sensors in each area to monitor the soil moisture, temperature and light intensity data of the current area; Step S3: Calculate the current irrigation index ρ of the i-th monitoring area according to the data obtained in step S2. i ; Step S4: Set the current irrigation index ρ of the i-th monitoring area i and the preset irrigation index threshold ρ of the i-th monitoring area thi Compare, if ρ i Less than ρ thi , then the irrigation water flow F0 meets the water demand requirement for the i-th monitoring area, otherwise, sprinkler irrigation is required to irrigate the i-th monitoring area additionally F i The water flow rate is calculated and the process proceeds to step S5; Step S5: Obtain the area S of the i-th monitoring area i and soil bulk density G i , through the formula Calculate F i ; Step S6: The execution module adjusts the nozzle to aim at the i-th area and irrigates the i-th area. i Water flow.

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