Titanium and titanium alloy arc-shaped profiled bar shaping method and device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of non-ferrous metal profile forming, and relates to a shaping method and device for titanium and titanium alloy arc-shaped profiles. According to the shaping method, the problems of large curvature radius change, profile distortion, poor flatness and the like caused by rebound of the bent titanium and titanium alloy arc-shaped profiles are solved through hot shaping treatment, and the annealing device is used for annealing treatment to solve the problem of secondary deformation of the arc-shaped profiles in the annealing process of eliminating residual stress. Before the shape correcting machine is used for correcting the shape, the arc-shaped profiled bar is firstly placed in a space and is heated to a preset temperature on line, so that the problems of high resistance, poor plasticity, high resilience and difficulty in deformation of the profiled bar in a normal temperature state are solved, and meanwhile, various problems caused by secondary transfer of a hot material after offline heating and clamping and re-positioning of the arc-shaped profiled bar are also solved. According to the annealing device, the arc-shaped profiled bar, the bottom plate and the fixing block assembly form a coating whole, so that the possibility of secondary deformation of the arc-shaped profiled bar in the annealing process of eliminating residual stress is effectively avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of non-ferrous metal profile forming, and relates to titanium and titanium alloy extruded arc-shaped special-shaped profiles (such as Y-shaped profiles or T-shaped profiles), zirconium and other non-ferrous metal special-shaped profiles, and specifically relates to a forming method and device for titanium and titanium alloy arc-shaped special-shaped profiles. Background Art

[0002] It is well known in the industry that titanium alloy material emerged in the 1950s and is an extremely important structural metal. Titanium alloy has high strength, good corrosion resistance and excellent high temperature resistance, and occupies a pivotal position in the aerospace field. It is mainly used to make aircraft engine parts, aircraft structural parts and various pressure vessels of spacecraft.

[0003] However, due to the unique characteristics of titanium and titanium alloys, a series of problems will arise during the forming process of profiles (especially curved profiles): For example, when the existing technology processes curved profiles of titanium alloys, there are problems such as springback after bending, which leads to large changes in the radius of curvature, profile distortion, and poor flatness, which seriously restrict the wide application of curved profiles of titanium alloys in various fields. At the same time, considering the cost of titanium and titanium alloy raw materials, the comprehensive cost of the extrusion process and the bending process, the subsequent machining allowances of each surface of the profile section can only be designed according to the minimum machining allowance required for machining. Therefore, before the machining process, the profile must be thermally corrected to achieve the shape and position tolerances and curvature radius requirements required by the machining process of the profile, but there is no equipment specifically for thermal correction of titanium and titanium alloy curved profiles in the prior art.

[0004] In addition, since large residual stress is generated inside the titanium alloy material after large deformation, if the residual stress inside the material is not reasonably and thoroughly released, it will lead to unstable dimensions of parts, slow deformation, cracks, and even delamination and fatigue fracture of parts. If no measures are taken to release the residual stress in this case, even if the subsequent machining process can be carried out, deformation will definitely occur after processing. For titanium alloy arc-shaped profiles (extruded profiles), in the residual stress elimination annealing process, if an unconstrained residual stress elimination annealing method is used, due to the release of residual stress, the parts will undergo secondary deformation, and the following three problems will occur: First, the curvature radius of the arc-shaped profile will have a local radius inconsistency problem; second, local distortion occurs in multiple places on each surface of the arc-shaped profile; third, the flatness of each surface of the arc-shaped profile and the overall flatness of the arc-shaped profile will be out of tolerance.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a shaping method and device for titanium and titanium alloy arc-shaped special-shaped materials. Through thermal shaping treatment, the problems of large change in curvature radius, profile distortion and poor flatness caused by the rebound of titanium and titanium alloy arc-shaped special-shaped materials after bending are solved. Annealing treatment is performed using an annealing device to solve the problem of secondary deformation of arc-shaped special-shaped materials during the annealing process to eliminate residual stress.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] On the one hand, the present invention provides a shaping method for arc-shaped special-shaped materials of titanium and titanium alloys, which first uses a shaping machine to perform thermal shaping on the arc-shaped special-shaped materials to improve the springback phenomenon of the arc-shaped special-shaped materials after bending; then uses an annealing device to perform stress relief annealing on the arc-shaped special-shaped materials after thermal shaping to avoid secondary deformation of the arc-shaped special-shaped materials during the residual stress elimination annealing process.

[0009] Specifically, the shaping method comprises the following steps:

[0010] Step 1, heating the arc-shaped profile placed on the shaping machine online until it reaches a preset temperature and keeps warm for a preset time;

[0011] Step 2: Start the shaping machine to apply forces in the horizontal and vertical directions to the curved profile to ensure that the curved profile is fully shaped in the horizontal and vertical directions;

[0012] Step 3: After the shaping is completed and the arc-shaped profile is cooled to room temperature, the arc-shaped profile is placed in an annealing device, and the fixed block assembly in the annealing device is used to completely cover the arc-shaped profile, and the arc-shaped profile is constrained and fixed with the cooperation of the fastening assembly;

[0013] Step 4, placing the annealing device coated with the arc-shaped special-shaped material into a heating furnace for annealing treatment;

[0014] Step 5: After the heat preservation is completed, the product is cooled to room temperature and then taken out of the furnace, and the arc-shaped profile is taken out from the annealing device.

[0015] Specifically, in step 1, the preset temperature is 600° C. to 850° C., and the preset insulation time after reaching the temperature is 2 min to 15 min.

[0016] Optionally, the arc-shaped special-shaped bar is an arc-shaped T-shaped bar or an arc-shaped Y-shaped bar.

[0017] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a device for applying the above-mentioned method for shaping titanium and titanium alloy arc-shaped special-shaped materials in part or in whole, comprising: a shaping machine and an annealing device which are independently arranged; wherein:

[0018] The shaping machine is used to perform thermal shaping on the curved profile to improve the springback phenomenon of the curved profile after bending;

[0019] The annealing device is used to perform stress relief annealing on the arc-shaped special-shaped material after heat correction, so as to avoid secondary deformation of the arc-shaped special-shaped material during the residual stress relief annealing process.

[0020] Specifically, the shaping machine comprises a shaping platform arranged on a frame, a first bottom plate is detachably connected to the shaping platform, a curved static mold for satisfying the standard curvature radius of the curved profile is fixedly arranged on the first bottom plate, a plurality of sets of horizontal shaping mechanisms for applying horizontal force to the curved profile are arranged on the shaping platform and at intervals on the inner side of the arc of the curved static mold; a plurality of sets of vertical shaping mechanisms for applying vertical force to the curved profile are arranged on the shaping platform and above the curved static mold;

[0021] Before the horizontal shaping mechanism and the vertical shaping mechanism shape the curved profiled material, the curved profiled material is first placed in a space formed by the curved static mold and the horizontal shaping mechanism and the vertical shaping mechanism, and then shaped after being heated online to a preset temperature.

[0022] Specifically, the shaping machine also includes an online heating device, which is used to heat the arc-shaped profile online before shaping, heating it to a preset temperature of 600°C to 850°C, and the insulation time after reaching the temperature is 2min to 15min.

[0023] Specifically, the horizontal correction mechanism includes a first oil cylinder horizontally fixed on the correction platform, a linear slide rail is arranged between the first oil cylinder and the arc-shaped static mold, a slider is slidably arranged on the linear slide rail, one end of the slider is connected to the piston rod of the first oil cylinder, and the other end is fixedly provided with a first movable mold matching the arc-shaped static mold.

[0024] Specifically, the vertical correction mechanism includes a right-angle support frame fixedly arranged on the correction platform, a second oil cylinder is vertically fixedly installed on the horizontal section of the right-angle support frame, and the piston rod end of the second oil cylinder is fixedly connected to a second movable mold matching the arc-shaped static mold.

[0025] Specifically, a first pressure sensor is provided between the piston rod of the first oil cylinder and the slider, and a second pressure sensor is provided between the piston rod of the second oil cylinder and the second movable mold;

[0026] When the first oil cylinder and the second oil cylinder calibrate the arc-shaped special-shaped material, the thrust applied by them is 100kN to 500kN, and the thrust is maintained for 2min to 15min.

[0027] Specifically, the surfaces of the arc-shaped static mold, the first movable mold and the second movable mold are coated with a layer of high-temperature resistant insulating material; and cooling circulation pipelines are respectively arranged inside the arc-shaped static mold, the first movable mold and the second movable mold.

[0028] Specifically, the shaping machine further includes a hydraulic station and a mold water cooling station, wherein the hydraulic station is connected to the first oil cylinder and the second oil cylinder respectively through hydraulic pipelines, and is used to control a single first oil cylinder and / or a single second oil cylinder to act separately, or to control all first oil cylinders and / or all second oil cylinders to act simultaneously;

[0029] The mold water cooling station is connected to the cooling circulation pipelines arranged inside the arc-shaped static mold, the first movable mold and the second movable mold respectively through cooling pipelines.

[0030] Furthermore, multiple sets of the horizontal shaping mechanisms and multiple sets of the vertical shaping mechanisms are equidistantly distributed along the arc length direction of the arc-shaped static mold, and ensure that one set of the horizontal shaping mechanisms and one set of the vertical shaping mechanisms are located in the middle position of the arc length of the titanium alloy arc-shaped profile to be shaped; multiple sets of the horizontal shaping mechanisms simultaneously apply horizontal force to the arc-shaped profile, and multiple sets of the vertical shaping mechanisms simultaneously apply vertical force to the arc-shaped profile.

[0031] Specifically, the annealing device includes: a second base plate and a fixing block assembly distributed on the second base plate and capable of completely covering the arc-shaped profiled material. The fixing block assembly, with the cooperation of the fastening component, realizes the restraint and fixation of the arc-shaped profiled material to avoid secondary deformation of the arc-shaped profiled material during the residual stress elimination annealing process.

[0032] Specifically, the fastening assembly includes: a first fastening assembly for fixing the fixing block assembly horizontally and a second fastening assembly for fixing the fixing block assembly vertically.

[0033] Specifically, the first fastening assembly includes a plurality of adjusting screws distributed along the outer side of the fixing block assembly, and the fixing block assembly is completely fitted with the profile of the arc-shaped special-shaped material by adjusting the adjusting screws.

[0034] Specifically, the second fastening assembly includes stud bolts symmetrically distributed on both sides of the fixing block assembly, and pressure plates are also provided on the oppositely arranged stud bolts, which cooperate with locking nuts to realize vertical fixation of the fixing block assembly.

[0035] Preferably, the number of the stud bolts is multiple groups, and each group of stud bolts can cooperate with the vertical pressure block to achieve local tightening; and the nuts and adjustment screws both adopt an anti-loosening function, which can provide a stable locking force, while ensuring the stability of the locking force, it is also beneficial to improve the reliability of the full coverage constraint.

[0036] Specifically, the fixing block assembly comprises:

[0037] An arc-shaped fixing block disposed on the second bottom plate, used to fill the first profile of the arc-shaped special-shaped material;

[0038] Horizontal push blocks distributed on the second bottom plate, used to support the second profile of the arc-shaped special-shaped material;

[0039] A vertical pressing block located on the third profile of the arc-shaped profile;

[0040] The arc-shaped special-shaped material is completely covered by the filling of the arc-shaped fixing block, the pushing of the horizontal pushing block and the pressing of the vertical pressing block.

[0041] Specifically, the curvature radius of the arc-shaped fixing block is the same as the curvature radius of the arc-shaped special-shaped material.

[0042] Specifically, the number of the arc-shaped fixed blocks can be one or more, and the number of the horizontal push blocks and the vertical pressure blocks can be more than one. In actual operation, the number of the horizontal push blocks and the vertical pressure blocks can be adaptively adjusted according to the size of the arc-shaped profile. In order to meet the subsequent annealing requirements, the horizontal push blocks and the vertical pressure blocks should be closely arranged, and with the cooperation of the arc-shaped fixed blocks, the arc-shaped profile can be completely covered.

[0043] Preferably, multiple sections of vertical pressing blocks are used, any one of which can achieve local pressing of the arc-shaped profile, solving the problem of poor local flatness of the profile; three sections of horizontal pushing blocks are used, any one of which can solve the problem of excessive local curvature of the arc-shaped profile.

[0044] Specifically, the materials of the arc-shaped fixing block, horizontal push block and vertical pressure block are all made of materials with the same or similar thermal expansion coefficient as the titanium alloy material. The expansion properties of these materials in the hot state tend to be consistent, which effectively ensures that the arc-shaped special-shaped material will not deform again in the locked state.

[0045] Specifically, the bottom plate is made of a large-area steel plate with a thickness of 40 mm to 50 mm.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention includes the following beneficial effects: the shaping method provided by the present invention combines heat correction treatment and stress relief annealing treatment, firstly corrects the shape of the arc-shaped profile workpiece by heat correction treatment to improve the rebound phenomenon of the arc-shaped profile after bending; then performs stress relief annealing treatment on the arc-shaped profile after heat correction, while eliminating residual stress, avoiding the problem of secondary deformation of the arc-shaped profile during the residual stress elimination annealing process. It should be emphasized that correction before stress relief annealing helps to reduce the difficulty of processing. During the stress relief annealing process, the arc-shaped profile after correction has a relatively regular shape, and the distribution and change of stress during heating and cooling will be more uniform, which is conducive to better achieving the effect of stress release. On the contrary, if the shape is corrected after stress relief annealing, since the arc-shaped profile after annealing may have some irregular shapes, it may be necessary to apply a larger external force during correction, and it is also more difficult to accurately control the correction effect of the shape of the arc-shaped profile.

[0047] In addition, the shaping device provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0048] 1) The shaping machine provided by the present invention, before shaping, first places the arc-shaped profile in a space (in a mold cavity formed by the arc-shaped static mold, the first movable mold and the second movable mold), and heats it online to a preset temperature, thereby avoiding the problems of high resistance, poor plasticity, large rebound and difficulty in deformation of the profile at room temperature, and also avoiding various problems caused by secondary transfer of hot materials after offline heating and clamping and repositioning of the arc-shaped profile. In addition, the shaping machine uses the arc-shaped static mold with a standard radius of curvature as a reference, and performs shaping through the forces applied in the horizontal and vertical directions by the matching horizontal shaping mechanism and vertical shaping mechanism, and each cylinder in the two shaping mechanisms can act alone to realize the local shaping function of the arc-shaped profile, and can also realize the simultaneous action of all horizontal push-pull cylinders and the simultaneous action of all vertical downward pressure cylinders, thereby completing the overall constrained shaping function of the arc-shaped profile. Through the use of this correction machine, the problems of exceeding the shape and position tolerance of each arc-shaped surface, and failing to meet the standards for the local curvature radius and the curvature radius over the entire arc length are effectively solved.

[0049] 2) The shape correction machine used in the present invention has a layer of high temperature resistant insulating material coated on the surface of the curved static mold, the first movable mold and the second movable mold that are in direct contact with the curved profile, which effectively solves the insulation problem when the online heating device uses direct current to heat the curved profile. In addition, cooling circulation pipelines are respectively arranged inside the curved static mold, the first movable mold and the second movable mold, and are connected to the water cooling station through cooling pipelines, thereby solving the problem of performance degradation caused by long-term large temperature rise of the mold and improving the service life of the mold.

[0050] 3) The present invention utilizes the annealing device to eliminate residual stress during annealing. The fixed block assembly can achieve the constraint and fixation of the arc-shaped special-shaped material with the cooperation of the fastening component, that is, the arc-shaped special-shaped material, the bottom plate, and the fixed block assembly form a covering whole, which effectively avoids the possibility of secondary deformation of the arc-shaped special-shaped material during the residual stress elimination annealing process, and lays a good foundation for subsequent machining processes. Specifically: using multiple stud bolts and nuts, multiple pressure plates, and multiple sections of vertical pressure blocks to constrain the arc-shaped special-shaped material can effectively avoid secondary deformation of the arc-shaped special-shaped material in the vertical direction; and by using multiple adjustment screws, the horizontal push block and the arc-shaped fixed block are cooperated to constrain the secondary deformation of the arc-shaped special-shaped material in the horizontal direction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] The accompanying drawings are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present invention.

[0052] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0053] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of the shaping machine in the present invention (excluding the online heating device, the hydraulic station and the mold water cooling station);

[0054] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the AA cross-sectional structure (including online heating device, hydraulic station and mold water cooling station);

[0055] Figure 3 It is a front view of the arc-shaped profile in the present invention;

[0056] Figure 4 is a structural diagram of the annealing device in the present invention;

[0057] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the arc-shaped T-shaped profile provided in Example 1;

[0058] Figure 6 A structural diagram of a fully enclosed annealing device for eliminating residual stress for a titanium alloy arc T provided in Example 1;

[0059] Figure 7 The present invention provides a flow chart of the shape correction and stress relief annealing method.

[0060] Description of reference numerals:

[0061] 1 is a calibration platform;

[0062] 2 is a first bottom plate;

[0063] 3 is an arc-shaped static mold;

[0064] 4 is a horizontal correction mechanism; 41 is a first oil cylinder; 42 is a linear slide rail; 43 is a slider; 44 is a first movable mold; 45 is a first pressure sensor;

[0065] 5 is a vertical correction mechanism; 51 is a right-angle support frame; 52 is a second oil cylinder; 53 is a second movable mold; 54 is a second pressure sensor;

[0066] 6 is an online heating device;

[0067] 7-1 is a hydraulic station;

[0068] 7-2 is the mold water cooling station;

[0069] A is an arc-shaped profile; A1 is the first profile; A2 is the second profile; A3 is the third profile;

[0070] 8 is a second bottom plate;

[0071] 9 is a fixed block assembly; 9-1 is an arc-shaped fixed block; 9-2 is a horizontal push block; 9-3 is a vertical pressure block;

[0072] 10 is a fastening assembly; 10-1 is an adjusting screw; 10-2 is a stud bolt; 10-3 is a pressure plate; 11 is an arc-shaped bar with a hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0073] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Instead, they are merely examples consistent with some aspects of the present invention as detailed in the appended claims.

[0074] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0075] Example 1

[0076] This embodiment provides a shaping method for arc-shaped special-shaped materials of titanium and titanium alloys, wherein the arc-shaped T-shaped material is firstly heat-shaped to improve the springback phenomenon of the arc-shaped T-shaped material after bending; and then the arc-shaped T-shaped material is subjected to stress relief annealing treatment after heat-shaped to avoid secondary deformation of the arc-shaped T-shaped material during the residual stress relief annealing process. Figure 7 As shown, the shaping method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0077] Step 1: The arc-shaped T-shaped profile placed on the shaping machine is heated online until it reaches a preset temperature and is kept warm for a preset time;

[0078] Step 2: Start the shaping machine to ensure that the curved T-profile is fully shaped in the horizontal and vertical directions by applying forces in the horizontal and vertical directions to the curved T-profile;

[0079] Step 3: After the calibration is completed and the arc-shaped T-shaped profile is cooled to room temperature, the arc-shaped T-shaped profile is placed in an annealing device, and the arc-shaped T-shaped profile is completely covered by the fixing block assembly 9 in the annealing device, and the arc-shaped T-shaped profile is constrained and fixed with the cooperation of the fastening assembly 10;

[0080] Step 4, placing the annealing device coated with the arc-shaped T-shaped profile into a heating furnace for annealing treatment;

[0081] Step 5: After the heat preservation is completed, the product is cooled to room temperature and then taken out of the furnace, and the arc T-shaped profile is taken out from the annealing device.

[0082] Furthermore, a heat correction machine is used to correct the curved T-shaped profile to improve the springback phenomenon of the curved T-shaped profile after bending; wherein, combined with Figures 1-2 As shown, the shape correction machine comprises:

[0083] The shaping platform 1 is arranged on the top of the frame, and the frame can adopt a fixed structure or a height-adjustable structure. The shaping platform 1 is detachably connected to a first base plate 2 by fastening bolts. The first base plate 2 is a whole arc plate structure, and lifting rings are arranged on both sides thereof, so that it can be removed from the shaping platform 1 and moved as a whole after the shaping is completed. An arc-shaped static mold 3 is fixedly arranged on the first base plate 2, and the arc-shaped static mold 3 is used to meet the required standard curvature radius of the arc-shaped T-profile to be shaped. The arc-shaped static mold 3 can be selected as an integrated molding structure, and can also be composed of multiple segmented arc-shaped static molds. On the shaping platform 1, and at intervals on the inner side of the arc of the arc static mold 3, a plurality of sets of horizontal shaping mechanisms 4 are arranged, which are used to apply horizontal forces to the arc T-shaped profile to be shaped, that is, to cooperate with the arc static mold 3 to shape from the horizontal direction; at the same time, on the shaping platform 1, and above the arc static mold 3, a plurality of sets of vertical shaping mechanisms 5 are arranged, which are used to apply vertical forces to the arc T-shaped profile to be shaped, that is, to cooperate with the arc static mold 3 to shape from the vertical direction. It should be noted that before the horizontal shaping mechanism 4 and the vertical shaping mechanism 5 shape the arc T-shaped profile to be shaped, the arc T-shaped profile to be shaped is first placed in the space formed by the arc static mold 3, the horizontal shaping mechanism 4 and the vertical shaping mechanism 5, and is heated online to a preset temperature. In addition, this shaping machine can also be used for shaping other non-ferrous metal materials. Its usage method is similar to the shaping of arc-shaped T-profiles. It can decide whether to heat and the heating and insulation time according to the specific situation, as well as adapt the corresponding mold according to the shape of different titanium alloy arc-shaped profiles. It will not be described in detail.

[0084] In this embodiment, the horizontal shaping mechanism 4 and the vertical shaping mechanism 5 are both provided in three sets, and are equidistantly distributed along the arc length direction of the arc-shaped static mold 3 to ensure uniformity when applying force simultaneously. In actual operation, the number of the horizontal shaping mechanism 4 and the vertical shaping mechanism 5 can be appropriately increased according to the length of the arc-shaped T-profile to be shaped. When the number is increased, it is necessary to ensure that one set is located in the middle position, and the rest are symmetrically distributed to ensure uniform force and accurate shaping during the shaping process.

[0085] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the horizontal correction mechanism 4 includes a first oil cylinder 41, which is horizontally fixed on the correction platform 1, a linear slide 42 is provided between the first oil cylinder 41 and the arc-shaped static mold 3, a slider 43 is slidably provided on the linear slide 42, one end of the slider 43 is connected to the piston rod of the first oil cylinder 41, and the other end is fixedly provided with a first movable mold 44 that matches the arc-shaped static mold 3, and a first pressure sensor 45 is provided between the piston rod of the first oil cylinder 41 and the slider 43 for monitoring the horizontal force application. Through the above arrangement, when the first oil cylinder 41 is started, the extended piston rod drives the slider 43 on the linear slide 42 to move along the path of the linear slide, thereby driving the first movable mold 44 on the slider 43 to gradually approach the arc-shaped static mold 3 in the horizontal direction, and squeeze the arc-shaped T-shaped profile to be corrected between the two, until the outer surface of the arc-shaped T-shaped profile to be corrected completely fits the first movable mold 44 and the arc-shaped static mold 3.

[0086] In this embodiment, the vertical correction mechanism 5 is mainly composed of the following four parts: a right-angle support frame 51 fixedly arranged on the correction platform 1, the right-angle support frame 51 has a stable structure and can provide reliable support for subsequent components; a second oil cylinder 52 is vertically fixedly installed on the horizontal section of the right-angle support frame 51, and this installation method ensures that the second oil cylinder 52 can output stably during the downward pressing process without shaking or offset; the piston rod end at the lower part of the second oil cylinder 52 is fixedly connected to the second movable mold 53 that matches the arc-shaped static mold 3; in addition, a second pressure sensor 54 is arranged between the piston rod of the second oil cylinder 52 and the second movable mold 53. Through the above arrangement, when the second oil cylinder 52 is working, the extension and contraction of its piston rod can drive the second movable mold 53 to perform a vertical linear motion, thereby cooperating with the arc-shaped static mold 3 to perform a vertical correction operation on the arc-shaped T-shaped profile to be corrected, until the upper surface of the arc-shaped T-shaped profile is completely fitted with the second movable mold 53 and the arc-shaped static mold 3.

[0087] Furthermore, when the arc-shaped T-shaped profile to be calibrated is calibrated, after multiple actual verifications, the thrust applied by the first oil cylinder 41 and the second oil cylinder 42 is set in the range of 100kN to 500kN, so as to avoid damage to the profile due to excessive thrust or failure to achieve the expected calibration target due to too small thrust. At the same time, after applying the thrust, the time for maintaining the thrust by the first oil cylinder 41 and the second oil cylinder 42 is generally set to 2min to 15min, so that the profile has enough time to adjust and stabilize its shape under the action of the thrust, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the calibration. In practice, the magnitude of the thrust applied and the time for maintaining the thrust can be set within the above range according to the specifications of the arc-shaped T-shaped profile to be calibrated.

[0088] Among them, since the hot material is shaped under a large thrust, the mold in contact with it is very easy to heat up. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, cooling circulation pipelines are respectively arranged inside the arc-shaped static mold 3, the first movable mold 44 and the second movable mold 44 to reduce the temperature of the mold during operation and avoid affecting the service life of the mold due to overheating. The cooling circulation pipeline can take away the heat inside the mold through the circulating cooling medium, ensuring that the mold works within a suitable temperature range, thereby improving the service life and shape correction effect of the mold.

[0089] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a hydraulic station 7-1 and a mold water cooling station 7-2 are also provided. The hydraulic station 7-1 is connected to the first oil cylinder 41 and the second oil cylinder 52 respectively through hydraulic pipelines, and is used to control a single first oil cylinder 41 and / or a single second oil cylinder 5 to act individually, or to control all first oil cylinders 41 and / or all second oil cylinders 52 to act simultaneously. Among them, individual action is generally suitable for partial correction of the arc T-profile; simultaneous action is suitable for correction of the entire arc T-profile. In addition, the mold water cooling station 7-2 is connected to the cooling circulation pipelines provided inside the arc static mold 3, the first movable mold 44 and the second movable mold 53 respectively through cooling pipelines, so as to provide circulating cooling water for the mold to extend its service life.

[0090] In this embodiment, the arc-shaped T-shaped profile is heated online, and an online heating device 6 is selected, preferably an online electric heating device, which directly loads direct current on the arc-shaped T-shaped profile for heating. In order to ensure safety during operation, the surfaces of the arc-shaped static mold 3, the first movable mold 44 and the second movable mold 53 that are in direct contact with the profile are coated with a layer of high-temperature resistant insulating material, which can not only effectively prevent safety problems such as leakage that may occur during the heating process, but also protect the mold from the influence of current and extend its service life.

[0091] Furthermore, when the arc-shaped T-profile is heated online, it is heated to a temperature range of 600°C to 850°C. In this temperature range, the plastic deformation capacity of the titanium alloy profile is significantly improved, which is conducive to the advancement of the shape correction operation. At the same time, the holding time is set to 2min to 15min to ensure the temperature uniformity of the profile after heating (within the range of ±10°C), so that all parts of the profile can be fully softened, providing good conditions for the shape correction process. That is, through the precise control of the heating temperature and holding time, it is possible to effectively avoid the adverse effects on the quality of the profile due to insufficient or excessive heating, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the shape correction effect.

[0092] When the shape correction machine provided in this embodiment corrects the shape of a titanium alloy profile, its working process is as follows:

[0093] 1) First, place the titanium alloy arc T-shaped profile to be calibrated in an open space formed by the arc static mold 3, the first movable mold 44 and the second movable mold 53, and then heat the arc T-shaped profile online through the online heating device 6, the heating temperature is 600°C to 850°C, and the temperature is kept for 2min to 15min after reaching the temperature;

[0094] Note: When the arc-shaped T-profile A is placed in the open space formed by the arc-shaped static mold 3, the first movable mold 44 and the second movable mold 53, gaps should be left at each end of the titanium alloy T-profile A along the extension direction to ensure that it is in a free state along each end direction, so as to release internal stress during correction; during the heating process, the mold water cooling station 7-2 provides circulating cooling water to the cooling circulation pipeline inside the arc-shaped static mold 3, the first movable mold 44 and the second movable mold 53 through the cooling pipeline to prevent the mold performance from deteriorating due to heat.

[0095] 2) After the heat preservation time is up, the horizontal shape correction mechanism 4 and the vertical shape correction mechanism 5 are started, the piston rod of the first oil cylinder 41 extends, driving the slider 43 to move along the linear slide rail 42, driving the first movable mold 44 to gradually approach the arc-shaped static mold 3 in the horizontal direction, and squeeze the arc-shaped T-shaped profile between the two. At the same time, the piston rod of the second oil cylinder 52 on the right-angle support frame 51 extends, driving the second movable mold 53 to apply force to the arc-shaped T-shaped profile from the vertical direction.

[0096] Note that during this process, the first pressure sensor 45 and the second pressure sensor 54 monitor the thrust applied by the first cylinder 41 and the second cylinder 52 respectively. The thrust is generally set to 100 kN to 500 kN and maintained for 2 min to 15 min to ensure that the profile can be fully shaped in the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0097] 3) After the thrust holding time is over, reverse the operation to retract the piston rods of the first oil cylinder 41 and the second oil cylinder 52, and then disassemble the connection between the first base plate 2 and the shape-correcting platform 1. After cooling to room temperature, use the lifting equipment to take out the first base plate 2 together with the shaped arc T-shaped profile, and finally detect the marked position. The comparison data of the flatness (unit: mm), radius deviation (unit: mm) and torsion angle (unit: °) of the arc T-shaped profile before eliminating residual stress (before shape correction) and after eliminating residual stress (after shape correction) are shown in Table 1 below:

[0098] Table 1 Comparison data of flatness, radius deviation and torsion angle of arc T profiles before and after correction

[0099]

[0100]

[0101] It can be seen from Table 1 above that the flatness, radius deviation and torsion angle of the correction machine provided in this embodiment are significantly improved before and after correction, and the deviations of the flatness, radius deviation and torsion angle at different positions after correction are maintained within a relatively stable range.

[0102] Further, the arc-shaped T-shaped material after heat correction is annealed by using an annealing device, see Figure 4 , the annealing device comprises:

[0103] A second base plate 8 and a fixing block assembly 9 distributed on the second base plate 8 and capable of completely covering the arc-shaped T-profile. The fixing block assembly 9, in cooperation with the fastening assembly 10, realizes the restraint and fixation of the arc-shaped T-profile to avoid secondary deformation of the arc-shaped T-profile during the residual stress elimination annealing process.

[0104] The main view of the curved T-profile is shown in Figure 3 , cross-sectional view see Figure 5 , the fixed block assembly 9 comprises:

[0105] An arc-shaped fixing block 9-1 is provided on the second bottom plate 8 to fill the first profile A1 of the arc-shaped T-profile, that is, the area between the lower surface of the web and one side of the flange;

[0106] The horizontal push blocks 9-2 distributed on the second bottom plate 8 are used to support the first profile A2 of the arc-shaped T-profile, that is, the area between the lower surface of the web and the other side of the flange;

[0107] A vertical pressing block 9-3 located on the third profile A3 of the arc-shaped T-profile;

[0108] The arc-shaped T-profile is completely covered by the filling of the arc-shaped fixing block 9-1, the pushing of the horizontal pushing block 9-2 and the pressing of the vertical pressing block 9-3.

[0109] In this embodiment, in order to completely cover the arc-shaped T-shaped profile, a set of fixed block assemblies 9 (encapsulation bodies) that can completely fit with the various profiles of the arc-shaped T-shaped profile are designed to tightly constrain the arc-shaped T-shaped profile within the encapsulation bodies. In order to enable the arc-shaped T-shaped profile to tightly fit the inner and outer arc surfaces of the encapsulation bodies, stud bolts 10-2, pressure plates 10-3, multi-section vertical pressure blocks 9-3 and adjustment screws 10-1, horizontal push blocks 9-2 and arc-shaped fixed blocks 9-1 are designed to press the arc-shaped T-shaped profile within the encapsulation bodies through the stud bolts 10-2 in the vertical direction, the pressure plates 10-3 and the adjustment screws 10-1 in the horizontal direction, see Figure 6In addition, the annealing device can also be applied to stress relief annealing of other non-ferrous metal materials. Its use method is similar to that of arc T-shaped profile annealing. The corresponding fixed block assembly 9 (cladding body) can be adapted according to the shape of different titanium alloy arc-shaped profiles, which will not be described in detail here.

[0110] The assembly and use process of the annealing device provided in this embodiment are as follows:

[0111] 1) Assembly process:

[0112] First, a plurality of arc-shaped fixing blocks 9-1 are fixed on a large-area steel plate (i.e., the second bottom plate 8) with a thickness of 40 mm to 50 mm using high-strength hexagon socket bolts to form a reference arc body, and the curvature radius of the reference arc body is the same as the curvature radius of the arc-shaped T-shaped profile;

[0113] Secondly, the arc-shaped bar 11 with holes is placed on a large-area steel plate with a thickness of 40 mm to 50 mm and located on the inner arc side of the reference circular arc body; the arc-shaped bar 11 with holes is moved so that each hole set on the arc-shaped bar 11 coincides with the internal threaded hole near the inner arc side of the arc-shaped fixing block 9-1;

[0114] Then, one end of the stud bolts 10-2 is screwed into the internal threaded holes on the large-area steel plate near the inner arc side of the reference arc body one by one to form a first group of stud bolts; then, one end of the stud bolts 10-2 is screwed into the internal threaded holes on the large-area steel plate near the outer arc side of the reference arc body one by one to form a second group of stud bolts. The first group of stud bolts and the second group of stud bolts are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the reference arc body;

[0115] Next, place the horizontal push block 9-2 and the vertical pressure block 9-3; wherein the horizontal push block 9-2 is placed in the gap between the arc-shaped fixed block 9-1 and the arc-shaped bar 11 with holes;

[0116] Finally, the fixing block assembly 9 is locked and fixed by using the pressing plate 10 - 3 and the locking nut in combination with the adjusting screw 10 - 1 .

[0117] 2) Usage process:

[0118] Step 1: Remove all locking nuts, pressure plates 10-3 and vertical pressure blocks 9-3, loosen all adjustment screws 10-1 and move the horizontal push block 9-2 back to a suitable position;

[0119] Step 2: Place the arc-shaped T-shaped profile to be annealed and place it close to the corresponding surface of the arc-shaped fixing block 9-1, that is, the inner arc side surface of the arc-shaped fixing block 9-1 is in contact with the first profile A1 of the arc-shaped T-shaped profile;

[0120] Step 3: Manually push each of the horizontal push blocks 9-2 to make it close to the second profile A2 of the arc-shaped T-shaped profile, and then use each pressing plate 10-3 to pass through the locking stud bolt 10-2 and fall on the vertical pressing block 9-3;

[0121] Step 4: First tighten the adjusting screws 10-1 one by one from the starting end to the ending end, and then tighten each adjusting screw 10-1 in sequence and repeatedly (using a torque wrench) until the inner arc surface of the horizontal push block 9-2 is nearly flush with the inner arc surface of the vertical pressing block 9-3;

[0122] Step 5: Use a torque wrench to tighten the locking nuts above each vertical pressing block 9-3 one by one, so that the gap between the vertical pressing block 9-3 and the horizontal push block 9-2 is reduced to 2mm to 3mm; make the vertical pressing block 9-3 close to the third profile A3 of the arc-shaped T-profile, and the horizontal push block 9-2 close to the second profile A2 of the arc-shaped T-profile; it should be noted that after the arc-shaped T-profile is covered, a gap is left at each end of the arc-shaped T-profile along the extension direction to ensure that each end direction of the arc-shaped T-profile is in a free state for releasing internal stress;

[0123] Step 6: Place the annealing device coated with the arc-shaped T-shaped profile into a resistance heating furnace for annealing;

[0124] Step 7: After the heat preservation is completed, the arc T-shaped profile is taken out of the furnace after cooling to room temperature, and the annealing device covered with the arc T-shaped profile is hoisted out as a whole, and the arc T-shaped profile is taken out according to the reverse steps of loading the arc T-shaped profile into the annealing device.

[0125] In addition, in the annealing process of this embodiment, the heating temperature process system for eliminating residual stress is: step-wise heating from room temperature to about 600°C, heating rate 5°C / min, and heat preservation for 2 to 4 hours. After annealing, the flatness (unit: mm), radius deviation (unit: mm) and torsion angle (unit: °) of the arc T-shaped profile before eliminating residual stress (before shaping) and after eliminating residual stress (after shaping) are compared as shown in Table 2:

[0126] Table 2 Comparison data of flatness, radius deviation and torsion angle of arc T profiles before and after shaping

[0127] Position marking on profile 1 2 3 4 5 6 Flatness before shaping 2.72 2.88 2.62 2.82 2.64 2.54 Flatness after shaping 1.36 1.36 1.40 1.38 1.38 1.36 Radius deviation before shaping 3.50 2.56 2.06 1.86 2.72 2.86 Radius deviation after shaping 1.80 1.82 1.78 1.76 1.74 1.76 Profile twist angle before shaping 2.02 1.66 1.56 1.76 1.26 2.16 Profile torsion angle after shaping 1.02 1.06 1.06 1.10 1.00 1.04

[0128] It can be seen from Table 2 above that the annealing device provided in this embodiment has significantly improved the flatness, radius deviation and torsion angle before and after shaping, and the deviations of the flatness, radius deviation and torsion angle at different positions after shaping are maintained within a relatively stable range.

[0129] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.

[0130] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to what has been described above and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for shaping titanium and titanium alloy arc-shaped special-shaped materials, characterized in that: First, the arc-shaped profile (A) is heat-shaped to improve the springback phenomenon of the arc-shaped profile (A) after bending; then the arc-shaped profile (A) after heat-shaped is subjected to stress relief annealing treatment to avoid secondary deformation of the arc-shaped profile (A) during the residual stress relief annealing process.

2. The method for shaping titanium and titanium alloy arc-shaped special-shaped materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step 1, heating the arc-shaped profile (A) placed on the shaping machine online until it reaches a preset temperature and keeps the temperature for a preset time; Step 2, start the shaping machine, and ensure that the curved profile (A) is fully shaped in the horizontal and vertical directions by applying forces in the horizontal and vertical directions to the curved profile (A); Step 3: After the shaping is completed and the arc-shaped profile (A) is cooled to room temperature, the arc-shaped profile (A) is placed in an annealing device, and the fixed block assembly (9) in the annealing device is used to completely cover the arc-shaped profile (A), and the arc-shaped profile (A) is constrained and fixed with the cooperation of the fastening assembly (10); Step 4, placing the annealing device coated with the arc-shaped profile (A) into a heating furnace for annealing treatment; Step 5: After the heat preservation is completed, the material is cooled to room temperature and then taken out of the furnace, and the arc-shaped profile (A) is taken out from the annealing device.

3. The method for shaping titanium and titanium alloy arc-shaped special-shaped materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 1, the preset temperature is 600° C. to 850° C., and the preset insulation time after reaching the temperature is 2 min to 15 min.

4. The method for shaping titanium and titanium alloy arc-shaped special-shaped materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-shaped special-shaped material (A) is an arc-shaped T-shaped material or an arc-shaped Y-shaped material.

5. A device for applying the method for shaping titanium and titanium alloy arc-shaped special-shaped materials according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: include: The shaping machine and annealing device are independently arranged; wherein, The shaping machine is used to perform thermal shaping on the curved profile (A) to improve the springback phenomenon of the curved profile (A) after bending; The annealing device is used to perform stress relief annealing on the arc-shaped special-shaped material (A) after heat correction, so as to avoid secondary deformation of the arc-shaped special-shaped material (A) during the residual stress relief annealing process.

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that The shaping machine comprises a shaping platform (1) arranged on a frame, a first bottom plate (2) being detachably connected to the shaping platform (1), a curved static mold (3) being fixedly arranged on the first bottom plate (2) for satisfying the standard curvature radius of the curved profile (A), a plurality of sets of horizontal shaping mechanisms (4) for applying horizontal forces to the curved profile (A) being arranged on the shaping platform (1) and at intervals on the inner side of the curved static mold (3); and a plurality of sets of vertical shaping mechanisms (5) for applying vertical forces to the curved profile (A) being arranged on the shaping platform (1) and above the curved static mold (3); Before the curved profiled material (A) is shaped by the horizontal shaping mechanism (4) and the vertical shaping mechanism (5), the curved profiled material (A) is first placed in a space formed by the curved static mold (3), the horizontal shaping mechanism (4) and the vertical shaping mechanism (5), and the curved profiled material (A) is shaped after being heated online to a preset temperature.

7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that The horizontal correction mechanism (4) comprises a first oil cylinder (41) fixedly arranged horizontally on the correction platform (1); a linear slide rail (42) is arranged between the first oil cylinder (41) and the arc-shaped static mold (3); a slider (43) is slidably arranged on the linear slide rail (42); one end of the slider (43) is connected to the piston rod of the first oil cylinder (41); and the other end is fixedly provided with a first movable mold (44) matched with the arc-shaped static mold (3).

8. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that The vertical correction mechanism (5) comprises a right-angle support frame (51) fixedly arranged on the correction platform (1), a second oil cylinder (52) is vertically fixedly installed on the horizontal section of the right-angle support frame (51), and the end of the piston rod of the second oil cylinder (52) is fixedly connected to a second movable mold (53) that matches the arc-shaped static mold (3).

9. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that The annealing device comprises: a second bottom plate (8) and a fixing block assembly (9) distributed on the second bottom plate (8) and capable of completely covering the arc-shaped special-shaped material (A); the fixing block assembly (9) realizes the restraint and fixation of the arc-shaped special-shaped material (A) in cooperation with a fastening component (10).

10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that The fixed block assembly (9) comprises: An arc-shaped fixing block (9-1) disposed on the second bottom plate (8) and used to fill the first profile (2-1) of the arc-shaped special-shaped material (A); A horizontal push block (9-2) distributed on the second bottom plate (8) for supporting the second profile (2-2) of the arc-shaped special-shaped material (A); A vertical pressing block (9-3) located on the third profile (2-3) of the arc-shaped special-shaped material (A); The arc-shaped special-shaped material (A) is completely covered by the filling of the arc-shaped fixing block (9-1), the pushing of the horizontal pushing block (9-2) and the pressing of the vertical pressing block (9-3).

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