High-precision dumbbell-shaped slender connecting rod turning clamp

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of machine tool clamps, in particular to a high-precision dumbbell-shaped slender connecting rod turning clamp which comprises a fixed assembly, a sliding assembly, a contraction assembly and a top clamping assembly. The fixing assembly is installed at the right end of the machined part. The sliding assembly is slidably installed on the machined part. The contraction assembly is installed in the fixing assembly. The jacking and clamping assembly comprises a jacking and pressing component and a supporting component. The jacking and pressing component is arranged at the left end of the machined part. The supporting component is arranged at the right end of the jacking component; the fixing assembly is arranged to fix one end of a machined part, the sliding assembly moves along with the cutter at the same time, on one hand, the shrinkage assembly is extruded for cutting and cooling, on the other hand, the jacking and clamping assembly is driven to support a cut part, and the problem that a dumbbell-shaped long and thin connecting rod is not supported and fixed is solved. And the slender connecting rod is bent and deformed due to the simultaneous action of cutting force, gravity and centrifugal force during rotation during cutting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of machine tool fixtures, and in particular to a high-precision dumbbell-shaped slender connecting rod turning fixture. Background Art

[0002] Turning is a cutting method currently used on lathes for parts. It mainly uses a turning tool to cut the rotating workpiece. During turning, a turning fixture is required to fix and clamp the parts. The turning fixture is a special process equipment used to keep the processed parts in the correct relative position between the lathe and the tool.

[0003] In the processing of shaft parts, when the aspect ratio of the shaft exceeds 20, such a shaft is classified as a slender shaft; for the turning processing of such slender shafts, a clamping method of one clamp and one top is traditionally adopted, and a center frame is used for support. Since the length of the shaft is too long and the diameter is relatively small, the shaft is very likely to vibrate during the processing, which is the so-called "vibration tool" phenomenon; this vibration will not only affect the processing efficiency, but also increase the difficulty of ensuring the dimensional accuracy of both ends of the shaft. At the same time, due to the influence of vibration, the dimensions of each section of the slender shaft are also prone to circular runout and dimensional tolerance violations; the prior art has proposed a good solution to this problem, such as a slender shaft clamping structure and a slender shaft fixture with patent number CN206936850U, by providing a receiving hole in the sleeve, placing the slender shaft portion in the receiving hole, and using the top and tailstock top to abut against the two ends of the slender shaft, so that the length of the slender shaft overhanging outside the chuck is shortened, thereby reducing the dimensional error caused by vibration, and using claws to abut against the slender shaft to avoid the slender shaft from jumping.

[0004] Although the existing technology has solved the problem of machining errors caused by vibration of slender shafts during turning, the following problems still exist: the dumbbell-shaped slender connecting rod has a large aspect ratio, poor rigidity, and is thicker at both ends and thinner in the middle. When cutting, it is subjected to the simultaneous effects of cutting force, gravity and centrifugal force during rotation, which will cause the dumbbell-shaped slender connecting rod to bend and deform. In addition, the heat generated during cutting is high, and the long length of the workpiece will cause axial linear expansion, which will cause more serious bending and deformation during the cutting process.

[0005] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the above technical problems, the present invention provides a high-precision dumbbell-shaped slender connecting rod turning fixture. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides a high-precision dumbbell-shaped slender connecting rod turning fixture, which solves the problem that the slender connecting rod is bent and deformed due to the simultaneous action of cutting force, gravity and centrifugal force during rotation when the dumbbell-shaped slender connecting rod is cut. By arranging a sliding component to move simultaneously with the tool and driving the top clamping component to support the cutting completed part, the problem that the slender connecting rod is deformed due to the simultaneous action of cutting force and centrifugal force during cutting due to the lack of support and fixation at the slender connecting rod is solved.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A high-precision dumbbell-shaped slender connecting rod turning fixture, comprising a fixed component, a sliding component, a shrinking component and a top clamping component; the fixed component is installed at the right end of the workpiece; the sliding component is slidably installed on the workpiece; the shrinking component is installed inside the fixed component; the sliding of the tool drives the sliding component to slide on the workpiece, and the sliding component drives the shrinking component to shrink and release cutting fluid to the surface of the workpiece; the top clamping component comprises a pressing member and a supporting member, and the pressing member is arranged at the left end of the workpiece; the supporting member is arranged at the right end of the pressing member; when the sliding component slides, it drives the pressing member to slide at the left end of the workpiece and press the workpiece, and the pressing member slides to drive the supporting member to slide toward the axis of the workpiece to support the workpiece.

[0009] Preferably, the fixed assembly includes a fixed outer sleeve, a fixed inner sleeve and a pressure spring sheet, the fixed outer sleeve is composed of two fixed half sleeves, the inner wall radius of the right end of the fixed half sleeve is equal to the radius of the thick end of the workpiece, a tightening screw hole is provided at the rightmost end of the fixed half sleeve, the fixed inner sleeve is installed in the fixed outer sleeve, the right end of the fixed inner sleeve is set as a limit end, a liquid storage cavity is symmetrically opened up and down, a fluid channel is opened on the left side of the liquid storage cavity, the pressure spring sheet is installed at the outer opening of the liquid storage cavity, and the cross-section of the pressure spring sheet is an arc-shaped structure.

[0010] In the above scheme, a fixed outer sleeve and a fixed inner sleeve are provided, and the fixed outer sleeve is connected by bolts to press the fixed inner sleeve and the workpiece, so that the fixed outer sleeve and the fixed inner sleeve can rotate together with the workpiece during processing, and the fixed outer sleeve is provided to be composed of two fixed half sleeves, which is convenient for disassembly and processing; in addition, a limit end is provided at the right end of the fixed inner sleeve to effectively prevent axial movement of the workpiece during cutting; and a liquid storage chamber is provided in the fixed inner sleeve to store the cutting fluid, and a pressure spring is installed at the outer mouth of the liquid storage chamber and is provided in an arc structure. It can be deformed after extrusion, and the cutting fluid in the liquid storage chamber is discharged to cool the workpiece to prevent thermal deformation and improve the cutting accuracy at the same time. After cutting, the cutting fluid can be continuously released for cooling.

[0011] Preferably, the fluid channel is an arc-shaped structure bent toward the center of the workpiece, the fluid channel outlet is arranged on the left end face of the fixed inner sleeve, and a rubber valve is arranged at the fluid channel inlet. The rubber valve is a closed petal-type structure and can be deformed and opened when the pressure exceeds the set pressure.

[0012] In the above scheme, the fluid channel is set to an arc-shaped structure that bends toward the center of the workpiece, so that the cutting fluid can flow to the workpiece, and a rubber valve is provided at the entrance of the fluid channel to seal the liquid storage chamber. After the pressure spring is deformed by pressure, the cutting fluid is squeezed, so that the cutting fluid exerts a large pressure on the rubber valve to open and flow out. When the pressure spring returns to its original state, air can be sucked through the fluid channel through the rubber valve to restore the air pressure inside the liquid storage chamber to normal.

[0013] Preferably, the sliding assembly includes a sliding push sleeve, a rotating ball and an outer rotating sleeve; the sliding push sleeve is slidably installed on the workpiece, a rotating ball groove is opened at the left end, and a driving inclined surface is arranged at the right end; the rotating ball is installed in the rotating ball groove, and the outer rotating sleeve is rotatably installed on the left end of the sliding push sleeve.

[0014] In the above scheme, a sliding push sleeve is provided so that the sliding push sleeve rotates with the workpiece, and an outer rotating sleeve is provided on its left side so that when the tool contacts the outer rotating sleeve, the outer rotating sleeve and the tool remain stationary, and the sliding push sleeve and the workpiece rotate relative to the outer rotating sleeve and the tool, thereby reducing the wear of the sliding component when it contacts the tool, thereby extending the service life of the sliding component.

[0015] Preferably, the shrinkage assembly includes a shrinkage sleeve and a compression spring, and the shrinkage sleeve is composed of two shrinkage half sleeves; the left end of the shrinkage half sleeve is provided with a compression-stretching inclined surface matching the driving inclined surface, and the angles of the compression-stretching inclined surface and the driving inclined surface are both set to 45 degrees; the two ends of the compression spring are respectively connected to the two shrinkage half sleeves.

[0016] In the above scheme, the shrinkage sleeve is arranged as two shrinkage half sleeves, so that the fixture can be quickly installed on the workpiece when in use. The right end of the workpiece can be fixed in the initial state, and a compression-stretching inclined surface matching the driving inclined surface is arranged. When the sliding push sleeve slides to the shrinkage half sleeve, the compression-stretching inclined surface is squeezed by the driving inclined surface to lengthen the compression spring, so that the shrinkage half sleeve slides in the fixed inner sleeve, and the pressure spring is squeezed to release the cutting fluid.

[0017] Preferably, the pressing member includes a pressing block, a connecting sleeve, a stabilizing sleeve and a connecting rod; the pressing block is arranged at the left end of the workpiece, a rotating groove is opened inside the connecting sleeve, and the stabilizing sleeve is rotatably installed in the rotating groove; the supporting member is arranged at the right end of the connecting sleeve; one end of the connecting rod is connected to the connecting sleeve, and the other end is connected to the outer rotating sleeve.

[0018] In the above scheme, a pressing block is provided to press the left end of the workpiece to ensure the positioning of the workpiece and reduce the vibration amplitude of the workpiece during cutting. A connecting sleeve is provided on the outside of the pressing block so that the connecting sleeve can slide on the outside of the pressing block, thereby supporting the completed processing part. At the same time, a connecting rod is provided to connect the connecting sleeve with the outer rotating sleeve. When the tool completes cutting and drives the outer rotating sleeve to move to the right, the connecting sleeve is pulled to slide to the right to support the completed cutting part.

[0019] Preferably, the stabilizing sleeve includes a sliding sleeve, a clamping slider and a connecting spring. The sliding sleeve is rotatably installed in a rotating groove and has a vertical slide groove inside. Two clamping sliders are provided, which are symmetrically slidably installed in the vertical slide groove. Both ends of the inner circle of the clamping slider are provided with clamping inclined surfaces with an angle of 45 degrees. The connecting spring is connected between the two clamping sliders.

[0020] In the above scheme, a sliding sleeve is arranged to rotate in the connecting sleeve, so that when the connecting sleeve reaches the workpiece, the sliding sleeve rotates with the workpiece, and the connecting sleeve does not rotate, so that the connecting sleeve, the connecting rod and the outer rotating sleeve remain stationary like the tool, avoiding the connecting rod from rotating and causing the tool to cut the connecting rod; a clamping slider is arranged in the sliding sleeve to clamp the workpiece and support the workpiece, and at the same time, the clamping slider cooperates with the vertical slide groove to drive the sliding sleeve to rotate with the workpiece, and clamping inclined surfaces are arranged at both ends of the inner ring of the clamping slider, so that when the clamping slider does not reach the workpiece, the clamping inclined surface contacts the chamfer of the left end of the workpiece, so that the connecting spring is compressed, thereby smoothly sliding onto the workpiece and clamping and supporting it, and at the same time, the connecting spring is contracted through the contact of the inclined surface, avoiding the collision of the clamping slider with the left end face of the workpiece, thereby reducing the wear on the workpiece and improving the service life of the clamping slider.

[0021] Preferably, the top pressure block includes a top pressure end, a rotation groove end, a rotating ring block and a return spring, and the top pressure end is arranged to be a conical structure; the rotation groove end is arranged on the left side of the top pressure end, and a spring rotation groove is opened inside it; the rotating ring block is rotatably installed in the spring rotation groove, and one end of the return spring is connected to the rotating ring block, and the other end is connected to the connecting sleeve.

[0022] In the above scheme, by dividing the top pressure block into a top pressure end and a rotating groove end, and setting the top pressure end to a conical structure, deformation and damage of parts due to excessive top pressure can be effectively avoided. At the same time, by providing a reset spring and a rotating ring block, and connecting the rotating ring block to the connecting sleeve through the reset spring, when the tool is retracted, the reset spring can pull the connecting sleeve to drive all the parts inside it to slide to the left, and at the same time, the connecting sleeve drives the connecting rod to pull the sliding assembly to slide to the left, and the reset spring tension can make the tool pull the outer rotating sleeve and the tool to be pressed tightly during cutting, thereby ensuring that the rotating sleeve does not rotate and avoiding damage to the connecting rod.

[0023] Preferably, the supporting member includes a supporting outer ring block, an outer ring block spring, a supporting inner pressure block and a supporting spring, the supporting outer ring block being symmetrically installed inside the right end of the connecting sleeve; the two ends of the outer ring block spring are respectively connected to two supporting outer ring blocks; the supporting inner pressure block is installed in the supporting outer ring block, and one end of the supporting spring is connected to the inner wall of the supporting outer ring block, and the other end is connected to the supporting inner pressure block.

[0024] In the above scheme, the supporting member is set as an inner and outer double-layer sleeve structure, so that it is easier to achieve the clamping support effect for the dumbbell-shaped slender connecting rod that is thicker at both ends and thinner in the middle, and can effectively reduce the size of the overall fixture, thereby saving costs and facilitating processing.

[0025] Preferably, a reset slope is provided at the left end of the supporting inner pressure block, the angle of which is 60 degrees, and the radius of the outermost edge of the reset slope is larger than the radius of the rough end of the workpiece, and a guide slope is provided at the right end of the supporting inner pressure block, and the guide slope has an angle of 15 degrees with the vertical plane.

[0026] In the above scheme, by setting a reset bevel, and the radius of the outermost edge of the reset bevel is larger than the radius of the rough end of the workpiece, when retracting the tool, the reset bevel can be pressed against the rough end of the workpiece, so that the support inner pressure block compresses the support spring, thereby shrinking to the inside of the support outer ring block to achieve a reset effect; a guide bevel is set at the right end, and the angle with the vertical plane is 15 degrees, so that when the connecting sleeve drives the support member to move to the top pressure end, the support inner pressure block extends out and contacts with the left end face of the workpiece, and then shrinks through the guide bevel, thereby sliding to the outer ring of the rough end of the workpiece.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. When clamping a slender rod, the existing turning fixture usually adopts a method of pressing at one end and clamping at the other end. When cutting, this method will cause the slender shaft to deform due to the cutting force and centrifugal force acting on the slender shaft at the same time, and there is no support in the middle of the slender shaft. The present invention arranges a sliding component, so that when the tool cuts the workpiece, on the one hand, the sliding component keeps the unprocessed part supported and fixed, the outer rotating sleeve fits with the tool, and when the sliding push sleeve rotates with the workpiece, the outer rotating sleeve can be pressed on the tool and keep it from rotating; on the other hand, the sliding component can move together with the cutting tool, and drive the contraction component to squeeze the pressure spring to release the cutting fluid, so as to ensure that the temperature at the slender rod is not too high, and at the same time pull the top clamping component to fix the other end of the workpiece.

[0029] 2. The present invention provides a top clamping assembly. On the one hand, the workpiece is pressed and positioned by the top pressure block, thereby reducing the vibration caused by the excessive length of the extended section and the cutting force and centrifugal force, thereby improving the processing accuracy. On the other hand, a connecting sleeve is provided on the outside of the top pressure block to connect the connecting sleeve to the sliding assembly. When the tool pushes the sliding assembly to the right end, the connecting sleeve and its internal parts are driven to slide toward the processed part and clamp and support it, thereby avoiding deformation of the workpiece due to excessive centrifugal force and cutting force, thereby improving the processing accuracy.

[0030] 3. The present invention provides a reset spring and a reset bevel. On the one hand, when the tool is retracted, the sliding assembly and the top clamp assembly can complete the reset movement through the reset spring and the reset bevel, so that the initial state fixing action can be automatically completed before fine machining after rough turning is completed. On the other hand, the reset spring can tighten the outer rotating sleeve to press the tool when the tool is cutting, thereby ensuring that the rotating outer sleeve does not rotate and avoiding damage to the connecting rod, thereby reducing the failure rate of the fixture and improving practicality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure installation of the fixing assembly of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sliding assembly of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shrinking assembly of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the top clamp assembly of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the top clamping assembly and the sliding assembly of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the connecting jacket of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the supporting inner pressure block structure of the present invention;

[0040] Fig. 9 It is a motion trend diagram of the internal structure of the present invention.

[0041] In the figure: a, workpiece; b, tool; c, three-jaw chuck; 1, fixing assembly; 11, fixing outer sleeve; 111, fixing half sleeve; 112, pressing screw hole; 12, fixing inner sleeve; 121, limiting end; 122, liquid storage chamber; 123, fluid channel; 1231, rubber valve; 13, pressure spring; 2, sliding assembly; 21, sliding push sleeve; 211, ball groove; 212, driving inclined plane; 22, ball; 23, outer rotating sleeve; 3, contraction assembly; 31, contraction sleeve; 311, contraction half sleeve; 3111, pressing and stretching inclined plane; 32, pressing spring; 4, top clamping assembly; 41, top pressing member; 41 1. Top pressure block; 4111. Top pressure end; 4112. Rotating groove end; 41121. Spring rotating groove; 4113. Rotating ring block; 4114. Reset spring; 412. Connecting sleeve; 4121. Rotating groove; 413. Stabilizing sleeve; 4131. Sliding sleeve; 41311. Vertical slide groove; 4132. Pressing slider; 41321. Pressing slope; 4133. Connecting spring; 414. Connecting rod; 42. Support member; 421. Support outer ring block; 422. Outer ring block spring; 423. Support inner pressure block; 4231. Reset slope; 4232. Guide slope; 424. Support spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0043] See also Figures 1 to 9 The present invention provides a high-precision dumbbell-shaped slender connecting rod turning fixture, and the technical solution is as follows:

[0044] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 1A high-precision dumbbell-shaped slender connecting rod turning fixture, comprising a fixed component 1, a sliding component 2, a shrinking component 3 and a top clamping component 4; the fixed component 1 is installed at the right end of the workpiece a, and the fixed component 1 is placed in a three-jaw chuck c, and the three-jaw chuck c rotates to drive the fixed component 1 and the workpiece a to rotate, and the tool b only moves axially, thereby performing a cutting movement; the sliding component 2 is slidably installed on the workpiece a; the shrinking component 3 is installed inside the fixed component 1; the tool b slides to drive the sliding component 2 to slide on the workpiece a, and the sliding component 2 slides to drive the shrinking component Part 3 contracts and releases cutting fluid to the surface of workpiece a; the top clamping assembly 4 includes a pressing member 41 and a supporting member 42, the pressing member 41 is arranged at the left end of workpiece a; the supporting member 42 is arranged at the right end of the pressing member 41; while the sliding assembly 2 slides, it drives the pressing member 41 to slide at the left end of workpiece a and presses workpiece a, the pressing member 41 slides and drives the supporting member 42 to slide toward the axis of workpiece a, clamping and supporting workpiece a, thereby reducing the axial and radial vibration of workpiece a, and shortening the protruding length of workpiece a during processing, thereby ensuring that workpiece a will not be deformed.

[0045] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 2The fixed assembly 1 includes a fixed outer sleeve 11, a fixed inner sleeve 12 and a pressure spring sheet 13. The fixed outer sleeve 11 is composed of two fixed half sleeves 111. The inner wall radius of the right end of the fixed half sleeve 111 is equal to the radius of the rough end of the workpiece a. By setting the fixed outer sleeve 11 and the fixed inner sleeve 12, the fixed outer sleeve 11 is pressed against the fixed inner sleeve 12 and the workpiece a by bolt connection, so that the fixed outer sleeve 11 and the fixed inner sleeve 12 can rotate together with the workpiece a during processing, and the fixed outer sleeve 11 is set to be composed of two fixed half sleeves 111, which is convenient for disassembly and processing; a pressing screw hole 112 is set at the rightmost end of the fixed half sleeve 111, and the fixed inner sleeve 12 is installed in the fixed outer sleeve 11. The right end of the fixed inner sleeve 12 is set to a limit end 121, which can effectively prevent the workpiece a from being cut during cutting. Axial movement; the right end of the fixed inner sleeve 12 is set as a limit end 121, and a liquid storage cavity 122 is symmetrically opened above and below, and a fluid channel 123 is opened on the left side of the liquid storage cavity 122. The pressure spring piece 13 is installed at the outer opening of the liquid storage cavity 122. The cross-section of the pressure spring piece 13 is an arc-shaped structure and a liquid storage cavity 122 is set in the fixed inner sleeve 12 to store the cutting fluid therein. The pressure spring piece 13 is installed at the outer opening of the liquid storage cavity 122 and is set to an arc-shaped structure. It can be deformed after extrusion to discharge the cutting fluid in the liquid storage cavity 122, cool the workpiece, prevent thermal deformation, and improve cutting accuracy. After cutting, the cutting fluid can be continuously released for cooling. At the same time, rubber material is wrapped around the edge of the pressure spring piece 13 to achieve the purpose of sealing the liquid storage cavity 122. The fluid channel 123 is an arc-shaped structure bent toward the center of the workpiece a. The outlet of the fluid channel 123 is arranged on the left end surface of the fixed inner sleeve 12. The fluid channel 123 is arranged as an arc-shaped structure bent toward the center of the workpiece a, so that the cutting fluid can flow to the workpiece a. A rubber valve 1231 is arranged at the inlet of the fluid channel 123. The rubber valve 1231 is a closed flap-type structure, which can be deformed and opened when the pressure exceeds the set pressure. The rubber valve 1231 is arranged at the inlet of the fluid channel 123. When there is no pressure, the liquid storage chamber 122 is sealed by the rubber valve 1231. After the pressure spring 13 is deformed by pressure, the cutting fluid is squeezed, so that the cutting fluid causes a large pressure on the rubber valve 1231 to open and flow out. When the pressure spring 13 returns to its original state, air can be sucked through the fluid channel 123 through the rubber valve 1231 to restore the internal air pressure of the liquid storage chamber 122 to normal.

[0046] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 3The sliding assembly 2 includes a sliding sleeve 21, a rotating ball 22 and an outer rotating sleeve 23; the sliding sleeve 21 and the outer rotating sleeve 23 are made into two semicircular structures during processing, and the two are connected by bolts, which is convenient for installation on the workpiece a. At the same time, the tightness can be freely adjusted, thereby reducing the wear of the sliding sleeve 21 when sliding on the workpiece a. The inner surface of the sliding sleeve 21 is smoothed, and the surface roughness is set to Ra3.2; the sliding sleeve 21 is slidably installed on the workpiece a, and a rotating ball groove 211 is opened at the left end, and a driving inclined surface 212 is set at the right end; the rotating ball 22 is installed in the rotating ball groove 211, in order to facilitate the installation of the rotating ball 22 , directly connect each rotating ball 22, and during installation, directly put the connected rotating balls 22 on the sliding sleeve 21, which reduces the installation time and improves practicality; the outer rotating sleeve 23 is rotatably installed on the left end of the sliding sleeve 21. By setting the sliding sleeve 21, the sliding sleeve 21 rotates with the workpiece a, and an outer rotating sleeve 23 is set on its left side, so that when the tool b contacts the outer rotating sleeve 23, the outer rotating sleeve 23 and the tool b remain stationary, and the sliding sleeve 21 and the workpiece a rotate relative to the outer rotating sleeve 23 and the tool b, thereby reducing the wear of the sliding component 2 when it contacts the tool b, and thus extending the service life of the sliding component 2.

[0047] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 4 The shrinking assembly 3 includes a shrinking sleeve 31 and a compression spring 32. The shrinking sleeve 31 is composed of two shrinking half sleeves 311. The shrinking sleeve 31 is set as two shrinking half sleeves 311, which is convenient for quick installation on the workpiece a when the fixture is used, and the right end of the workpiece a can be fixed in the initial state; the left end of the shrinking half sleeve 311 is provided with a compression-stretching inclined surface 3111 that matches the driving inclined surface 212, and the angles of the compression-stretching inclined surface 3111 and the driving inclined surface 212 are both set to 45 degrees; the two ends of the compression spring 32 are respectively connected to the two shrinking half sleeves 311, and a compression-stretching inclined surface 3111 that matches the driving inclined surface 212 is provided. When the sliding push sleeve 21 slides to the shrinking half sleeve 311, the compression-stretching inclined surface 3111 is squeezed by the driving inclined surface 212, and the compression spring 32 is lengthened, so that the shrinking half sleeve 311 slides in the fixed inner sleeve 12, and the pressure spring 13 is squeezed to release the cutting fluid.

[0048] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6The pressing member 41 includes a pressing block 411, a connecting sleeve 412, a stabilizing sleeve 413 and a connecting rod 414; the pressing block 411 is arranged at the left end of the workpiece a, a rotating groove 4121 is provided inside the connecting sleeve 412, and the stabilizing sleeve 413 is rotatably installed in the rotating groove 4121; the supporting member 42 is arranged at the right end of the connecting sleeve 412; one end of the connecting rod 414 is connected to the connecting sleeve 412, and the other end is connected to the outer rotating sleeve 23. By setting the pressing block 411, the left end of the workpiece a is pressed. The top pressure is performed to ensure the positioning of the workpiece a and reduce the vibration amplitude of the workpiece a during cutting. A connecting sleeve 412 is provided on the outside of the top pressure block 411, so that the connecting sleeve 412 can slide on the outside of the top pressure block 411, thereby supporting the completed processing part. At the same time, a connecting rod 414 is provided to connect the connecting sleeve 412 with the outer rotating sleeve 23, so that when the tool b completes cutting and drives the outer rotating sleeve 23 to move to the right, the connecting sleeve 412 is pulled to slide to the right to support the completed cutting part.

[0049] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 7 The stabilizing sleeve 413 includes a sliding sleeve 4131, a clamping slider 4132 and a connecting spring 4133. The sliding sleeve 4131 is rotatably installed in the rotating groove 4121, and a vertical slide groove 41311 is opened inside the sliding sleeve 4131; a total of two clamping sliders 4132 are provided, which are symmetrically slidably installed in the vertical slide groove 41311, and clamping inclined surfaces 41321 are provided at both ends of the inner circle of the clamping slider 4132, with an angle of 45 degrees; the connecting spring 4133 is connected between the two clamping sliders 4132, and the sliding sleeve 4131 is arranged to rotate in the connecting sleeve 412, so that when the connecting sleeve 412 reaches the workpiece a, the sliding sleeve 4131 rotates together with the workpiece a, and the connecting sleeve 412 does not rotate, so that the connecting sleeve 412, the connecting rod 414 and the outer rotating sleeve 23 remain stationary like the tool b, and the connecting rod 414 is prevented from rotating , causing tool b to cut into connecting rod 414; a clamping slider 4132 is provided in the sliding sleeve 4131, so that the clamping slider 4132 clamps the workpiece a to support the workpiece a, and at the same time, the clamping slider 4132 cooperates with the vertical slide groove 41311 to drive the sliding sleeve 4131 to rotate with the workpiece a, and clamping inclined surfaces 41321 are provided at both ends of the inner circle of the clamping slider 4132, so that when the clamping slider 4132 does not reach the workpiece a, the clamping inclined surface 41321 contacts the chamfer of the left end of the workpiece a, so that the connecting spring 4133 is compressed, so that it slides smoothly onto the workpiece a and clamps and supports it, and at the same time, the connecting spring 4133 is contracted through the contact of the inclined surface, so as to avoid the clamping slider 4132 from colliding with the left end surface of the workpiece a, thereby reducing the wear on the workpiece a and increasing the service life of the clamping slider 4132.

[0050] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 5 and Figure 7 The top pressure block 411 includes a top pressure end 4111, a rotation groove end 4112, a rotating ring block 4113 and a return spring 4114. The top pressure end 4111 is set to a conical structure; the rotation groove end 4112 is set on the left side of the top pressure end 4111, and a spring rotation groove 41121 is opened inside the top pressure end 4111; the rotating ring block 4113 is rotatably installed in the spring rotation groove 41121, and one end of the return spring 4114 is connected to the rotating ring block 4113, and the other end is connected to the connecting sleeve 412. By dividing the top pressure block 4111 into a top pressure end 4111 and a rotation groove end 4112, and setting the top pressure end 4111 to a conical structure, it can effectively avoid the top pressure end 4111 from being damaged. Excessive pressure may cause deformation and damage of parts. At the same time, a reset spring 4114 and a rotating ring block 4113 are provided, and the rotating ring block 4113 is connected to the connecting sleeve 412 through the reset spring 4114. When the tool is retracted, the reset spring 4114 can pull the connecting sleeve 412 to drive all the parts inside it to slide to the left. At the same time, the connecting sleeve 412 drives the connecting rod 414 to pull the sliding assembly 2 to slide to the left. The pulling force of the reset spring 4114 can make the outer rotating sleeve 23 and the tool b be pressed tightly when the tool b is cutting, thereby ensuring that the rotating sleeve does not rotate and avoiding damage to the connecting rod 414.

[0051] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8The supporting member 42 includes a supporting outer ring block 421, an outer ring block spring 422, a supporting inner pressure block 423 and a supporting spring 424. The supporting outer ring block 421 is symmetrically installed inside the right end of the connecting sleeve 412, and the left end face of its inner ring is chamfered to prevent its left end face from being stuck with the right end face of the left rough end of the workpiece a when the tool is withdrawn; the two ends of the outer ring block spring 422 are respectively connected to two supporting outer ring blocks 421; the supporting inner pressure block 423 is installed in the supporting outer ring block 421, and the supporting spring One end of the spring 424 is connected to the inner wall of the supporting outer ring block 421, and the other end is connected to the supporting inner pressure block 423, and the supporting member 42 is set as an inner and outer double-layer sleeve connection structure, so that it is easier to achieve the clamping support effect for the dumbbell-shaped slender connecting rod with thicker ends and thinner middle, and the size of the overall clamp can be effectively reduced, thereby saving costs and facilitating processing; the left end of the supporting inner pressure block 423 is provided with a reset slope 4231, which is 30 degrees from the vertical plane, and the outermost edge of the reset slope 4231 is The radius at the position is larger than the radius of the rough end of the workpiece a, and a guide slope 4232 is provided at the right end of the support inner pressure block 423, and the angle between the guide slope 4232 and the vertical plane is 15 degrees; by providing a reset slope 4231, and the radius at the outermost edge of the reset slope 4231 is larger than the radius of the rough end of the workpiece a, when the tool is retracted, the reset slope 4231 can be pressed against the rough end of the workpiece a, so that the support inner pressure block 423 compresses the support spring 424, thereby shrinking to the inside of the support outer ring block 421, In order to achieve a reset effect, the surface of the reset slope 4231 is smoothed to reduce the wear on the workpiece a when it is squeezed with the workpiece a; a guide slope 4232 is provided on the right end, and the angle with the vertical plane is 15 degrees, so that when the connecting sleeve 412 drives the supporting member 42 to move to the top pressing end 4111, the supporting inner pressure block 423 extends out and contacts with the left end face of the workpiece a, and then it can be retracted through the guide slope 4232, thereby sliding to the outer ring of the rough end of the workpiece a.

[0052] Working process: the three-jaw chuck c rotates, driving the fixed component 1 and the workpiece a to rotate, the tool b contacts the workpiece a and moves to the right for cutting, the tool b drives the sliding component 2 to slide to the right to drive the contraction component 3 to squeeze the liquid storage chamber 122 to release the cutting fluid, and at the same time pulls the top clamping component 4 to slide to the right to clamp and support the completed processed part of the workpiece a. When retracting the tool, the reset spring 4114 pulls the top clamping component 4 and the sliding component 2 to slide to the left to reset.

[0053] Specifically, the fixed inner sleeve 12 is sleeved on the workpiece a, and then the fixed outer sleeve 11 is connected by bolts through the tightening screw hole 112, the fixed outer sleeve 11 is pressed against the fixed inner sleeve 12 and the workpiece a, and then the sliding component 2 is installed on the workpiece a, and then fixed by bolts; the left end is supported by the top clamping component 4 against the left end of the workpiece a, and the three-jaw chuck c rotates to drive the fixed component 1 and the workpiece a to rotate, and the tool b is moved to contact with the workpiece a to start cutting, and the tool b moves to the right and contacts the outer rotating sleeve 23. Because the outer rotating sleeve 23 is pressed against the right end face of the tool b under the action of the reset spring 4114, the workpiece a rotates, driving the sliding push sleeve 21 to rotate. At this time, the outer rotating sleeve 23 remains stationary, and the tool b moves to the right and contacts the outer rotating sleeve 23. When tool b is pushed to the right, the sliding sleeve 21 is pushed to move to the right, and the driving inclined surface 212 of the sliding sleeve 21 squeezes the compression and extension inclined surface 3111 of the shrink sleeve 31, so that the compression spring 32 is stretched, and the shrink half sleeve 311 slides in the fixed inner sleeve 12 at this time. After the shrink half sleeve 311 and the pressure spring sheet 13 are squeezed, the pressure spring sheet 13 is deformed to compress the cutting fluid in the liquid storage chamber 122. At this time, the rubber valve 1231 is opened by pressure, and the cutting fluid flows into the fluid channel 123 through the rubber valve 1231. The cutting fluid flows to the outer surface of the workpiece a through the fluid channel 123, cools the tool b and the workpiece a, and lubricates the sliding component 2; at the same time, when the outer rotating sleeve 23 slides to the right, it is pulled by the connecting rod 414 The movable connecting sleeve 412 slides to the right, and the return spring 4114 is stretched. When the connecting sleeve 412 moves from the top pressure block 411 to the left end of the workpiece a, the guide inclined surface 4232 of the supporting inner pressure block 423 contacts the chamfer of the left end of the workpiece a, and the supporting inner pressure block 423 is compressed into the supporting outer ring block 421, and the sliding sleeve 4131 and the clamping slider 4132 rotate together with the workpiece a, and the connecting sleeve 412 remains fixed; the connecting sleeve 412 continues to move to the right, and when the clamping inclined surface 41321 of the clamping slider 4132 presses against the chamfer of the left end of the workpiece a, the connecting spring 4133 is stretched, thereby moving to the surface of the workpiece a. At this time, the connecting spring 4133 is tightened to clamp and support the workpiece a. When 23 moves to the thinner connecting rod in the middle of workpiece a, the outer ring block 421 is supported to shrink toward the axis of workpiece a under the action of the outer ring block spring 422, and the inner pressure block 423 is supported to pop out from the outer ring block 421 under the action of the support spring 424 to fix and support the workpiece a; when the rough turning is completed and the tool is retracted, the connecting sleeve 412 slides to the left under the action of the reset spring 4114, driving its internal parts to move to the left together, and the reset slope 4231 of the support inner pressure block 423 is pressed against the right end face of the left rough end of the workpiece a, so that the support spring 424 is compressed and contracted into the support outer ring block 421, thereby reaching the outer ring of the rough end of the workpiece a and continuing to move to the left, and the rough turning movement is repeated during fine turning to complete the turning process of the workpiece a.

[0054] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected, and the scope of the present invention to be protected is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-precision dumbbell-shaped slender connecting rod turning fixture, characterized in that: The invention comprises a fixed component (1), a sliding component (2), a contraction component (3) and a top clamping component (4); the fixed component (1) is installed at the right end of a workpiece (a); the sliding component (2) is slidably installed on the workpiece (a); the contraction component (3) is installed inside the fixed component (1); the tool (b) slides to drive the sliding component (2) to slide on the workpiece (a), and the sliding component (2) slides to drive the contraction component (3) to contract and release cutting fluid to the surface of the workpiece (a); the top clamping component (4) comprises a pressing component (41) and a supporting component (42), wherein the pressing component (41) is arranged at the left end of the workpiece (a); and the supporting component (42) is arranged at the right end of the pressing component (41); while the sliding component (2) slides, it drives the pressing component (41) to slide at the left end of the workpiece (a) and press the workpiece (a), and the pressing component (41) slides to drive the supporting component (42) to slide toward the axis of the workpiece (a), thereby completing the action of clamping and supporting the workpiece (a).

2. A high-precision dumbbell-shaped slender connecting rod turning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing assembly (1) comprises a fixing outer sleeve (11), a fixing inner sleeve (12) and a pressure spring sheet (13). The fixing outer sleeve (11) is composed of two fixing half sleeves (111). The inner wall radius of the right end of the fixing half sleeve (111) is equal to the radius of the rough end of the workpiece (a). A tightening screw hole (112) is provided at the rightmost end of the fixing half sleeve (111). The fixing inner sleeve (12) is installed in the fixing outer sleeve (11). The right end of the fixing inner sleeve (12) is provided as a limit end (121). A liquid storage cavity (122) is symmetrically provided above and below. A fluid channel (123) is provided on the left side of the liquid storage cavity (122). The pressure spring sheet (13) is installed at the outer opening of the liquid storage cavity (122). The cross section of the pressure spring sheet (13) is an arc-shaped structure.

3. A high-precision dumbbell-shaped slender connecting rod turning fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fluid channel (123) is an arc-shaped structure that bends toward the center of the workpiece (a). The outlet of the fluid channel (123) is arranged on the left end surface of the fixed inner sleeve (12). A rubber valve (1231) is arranged at the inlet of the fluid channel (123). The rubber valve (1231) is a closed flap-shaped structure that can be deformed and opened when subjected to a pressure exceeding a set pressure.

4. A high-precision dumbbell-shaped slender connecting rod turning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding assembly (2) comprises a sliding sleeve (21), a rotating ball (22) and an outer rotating sleeve (23); the sliding sleeve (21) is slidably mounted on a workpiece (a); the sliding sleeve (21) can be split into two parts connected by bolts, a rotating ball groove (211) is provided at the left end, and a driving inclined surface (212) is provided at the right end; the rotating ball (22) is installed in the rotating ball groove (211), and the outer rotating sleeve (23) is rotatably mounted on the left end of the sliding sleeve (21).

5. A high-precision dumbbell-shaped slender connecting rod turning fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shrinking assembly (3) comprises a shrinking sleeve (31) and a compression spring (32), wherein the shrinking sleeve (31) is composed of two shrinking half sleeves (311); a compression-stretching inclined surface (3111) matching with a driving inclined surface (212) is arranged at the left end of the shrinking half sleeve (311), and an angle between the compression-stretching inclined surface (3111) and the driving inclined surface (212) is set at 45 degrees; and both ends of the compression spring (32) are connected to the two shrinking half sleeves (311) respectively.

6. A high-precision dumbbell-shaped slender connecting rod turning fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressing member (41) comprises a pressing block (411), a connecting sleeve (412), a stabilizing sleeve (413) and a connecting rod (414); the pressing block (411) is arranged at the left end of the workpiece (a); a rotating groove (4121) is provided inside the connecting sleeve (412); the stabilizing sleeve (413) is rotatably installed in the rotating groove (4121); the supporting member (42) is arranged at the right end of the connecting sleeve (412); one end of the connecting rod (414) is connected to the connecting sleeve (412), and the other end is connected to the outer rotating sleeve (23).

7. A high-precision dumbbell-shaped slender connecting rod turning fixture according to claim 6, characterized in that: The stabilizing sleeve (413) comprises a sliding sleeve (4131), a clamping slider (4132) and a connecting spring (4133); the sliding sleeve (4131) is rotatably mounted in a rotating groove (4121) and has a vertical slide groove (41311) therein; two clamping sliders (4132) are provided, which are symmetrically slidably mounted in the vertical slide groove (41311); clamping inclined surfaces (41321) are provided at both ends of the inner circle of the clamping slider (4132) with an angle of 45 degrees; the connecting spring (4133) is connected between the two clamping sliders (4132).

8. A high-precision dumbbell-shaped slender connecting rod turning fixture according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top pressure block (411) comprises a top pressure end (4111), a rotation groove end (4112), a rotating ring block (4113) and a return spring (4114); the top pressure end (4111) is arranged as a conical structure; the rotation groove end (4112) is arranged on the left side of the top pressure end (4111), and a spring rotation groove (41121) is opened inside the top pressure end (4111); the rotating ring block (4113) is rotatably installed in the spring rotation groove (41121); one end of the return spring (4114) is connected to the rotating ring block (4113), and the other end is connected to the connecting sleeve (412).

9. A high-precision dumbbell-shaped slender connecting rod turning fixture according to claim 6, characterized in that: The support member (42) includes a support outer ring block (421), an outer ring block spring (422), a support inner pressure block (423) and a support spring (424); the support outer ring block (421) is symmetrically installed inside the right end of the connecting sleeve (412), and the left end face of its inner ring is chamfered; the two ends of the outer ring block spring (422) are respectively connected to two support outer ring blocks (421); the support inner pressure block (423) is installed in the support outer ring block (421), and one end of the support spring (424) is connected to the inner wall of the support outer ring block (421), and the other end is connected to the support inner pressure block (423).

10. A high-precision dumbbell-shaped slender connecting rod turning fixture according to claim 9, characterized in that: The left end of the supporting inner pressure block (423) is provided with a reset slope (4231), which has an angle of 30 degrees with the vertical plane, and the radius of the outermost edge of the reset slope (4231) is greater than the radius of the rough end of the workpiece (a). The right end of the supporting inner pressure block (423) is provided with a guide slope (4232), and the guide slope (4232) has an angle of 15 degrees with the vertical plane.

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