Rail detection and maintenance equipment for urban rail transit

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of rail transit, in particular to rail detection and maintenance equipment for urban rail transit, the rail detection and maintenance equipment is applied to a rail and comprises a rail car and processing mechanisms arranged at the front end of the rail car, the rail is composed of two parallel steel rails, and each steel rail is provided with one processing mechanism. The processing mechanism comprises a detection assembly and a maintenance assembly, the rail car is provided with a rack for installing the detection assembly and the maintenance assembly, the maintenance assembly is located between the detection assembly and the rail car, and the maintenance assembly comprises rolling wheels matched with the steel rails and a rotary driver used for driving the rolling wheels to rotate. The foreign matter on the steel rail is detected through the detection assembly, the maintenance assembly is started, the scraping strip and the surface of the steel rail are continuously rubbed to remove the foreign matter in the rotating process of the driving roller, the scraping strip can be more stably attached to the surface of the steel rail along with the synergistic effect of the rubber mat and the pressure adjusting assembly, and the cleaning efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of rail transit, and in particular to a track detection and maintenance device for urban rail transit. Background Art

[0002] During the operation of urban rail transit, various foreign objects may appear on the track, such as stones, leaves, plastic bags, metal fragments, etc. These foreign objects will not only affect the normal operation of the train, but also may cause safety accidents.

[0003] The currently disclosed Chinese patent CN117905011B discloses a cleaning and maintenance device for subway rail transit, including a pre-cleaning sensing mechanism, a retractable friction cleaning mechanism, a travel drive mechanism and a main frame, wherein the pre-cleaning sensing mechanism is arranged on the main frame, the retractable friction cleaning mechanism is arranged on the main frame, the travel drive mechanism is arranged on the main frame, and the main frame is also provided with a top cover for protection; the pre-cleaning sensing mechanism includes a profile rail, a sensing bracket assembly, a side sensing assembly and a top sensing assembly, the sensing bracket assembly is arranged on the main frame, the side sensing assembly is symmetrically arranged on the sensing bracket assembly, and the top sensing assembly is arranged on the top of the sensing bracket assembly.

[0004] According to the above patent, the above patent uses the front end of the side elastic shovel plate and the top elastic shovel plate to preliminarily clean the foreign matter attached to the profile rail. Since the front end profiles of the side elastic shovel plate and the top elastic shovel plate fit the shape of the profile rail, the side elastic shovel plate and the top elastic shovel plate can remove foreign matter with weak adhesion, but can only remove foreign matter with weak adhesion. For foreign matter with high adhesion strength, the shovel plate will be lifted up, resulting in inaccurate foreign matter detection. Therefore, there is a need for a maintenance device that can effectively detect and remove foreign matter on the track. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, a track inspection and maintenance device for urban rail transit is provided. The present invention detects foreign matter on the rails through a detection component, and starts a maintenance component. The scraper bar is driven to continuously rub against the surface of the rail to remove foreign matter during the rotation process. With the synergistic effect of the rubber pad and the pressure regulating component, the scraper bar can fit the surface of the rail more stably, thereby improving the cleaning efficiency.

[0006] To solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a track inspection and maintenance device for urban rail transit, which is applied on the track and includes a rail car and a processing mechanism arranged at the front end of the rail car. The track is composed of two parallel steel rails, and each steel rail is provided with the processing mechanism. The processing mechanism includes a detection component for detecting whether there are foreign objects attached to the rail and a maintenance component for cleaning the foreign objects. The rail car has a frame for installing the detection component and the maintenance component. The maintenance component is located between the detection component and the rail car. When the rail car travels along the track, the surface of the rail is in a state of being pre-detected by the detection component, and the maintenance component is in a standby or start-up state according to the information transmitted by the detection component. The maintenance component includes a roller adapted to the rail and a rotary driver for driving the roller to rotate. When the detection component detects that there are foreign objects on the surface of the rail, the rotary driver is in a start-up state, thereby driving the roller to rotate relative to the rail, so that the foreign objects on the surface of the rail are removed.

[0007] Preferably, a plurality of scraper bars are provided on the roller surface around its circumference, each scraper bar is in contact with the top surface and the side surface of the rail, and when the roller rotates, the scraper bar is in frictional contact with the rail surface.

[0008] Preferably, a rubber pad for pressure buffering is fixedly connected between each scraper bar and the roller, the roller can move on the frame relative to the direction of the rail, and the frame is provided with a pressure regulating component for adjusting the pressure of the roller contacting the rail.

[0009] Preferably, the pressure regulating assembly includes a rotating plate rotatably arranged on a frame and a pressure regulating driver for driving the rotating plate to rotate. The roller is rotatably arranged on the rotating plate. When the rotating plate rotates, the roller is in a moving state of gradually approaching or moving away from the rail.

[0010] Preferably, the detection component includes a first sensing part and a second sensing part for sensing foreign objects on the top surface and side surface of the rail respectively, the first sensing part and the second sensing part are both block structures, and the detection component also includes a first sensor connected between the first sensing part and the frame and a second sensor connected between the second sensing part and the first sensing part. When the first sensing part or the second sensing part is obstructed by foreign objects, as the rail vehicle continues to travel, the first sensing part or the second sensing part is in a state of being lifted up by the foreign objects relative to the rail, thereby being sensed by the first sensor or the second sensor.

[0011] Preferably, the front ends of the first sensing part and the second sensing part both have a slope. When the rail vehicle is traveling, foreign objects pass through the slope and enter between the rail and the first sensing part or the second sensing part, so that the first sensor or the second sensor can sense pressure changes.

[0012] Preferably, a first compression spring is fixedly connected between the first sensing part and the frame, and a second compression spring is fixedly connected between each second sensing part and the first sensing part. When the rail is clamped between the first sensing part and the second sensing part, the first compression spring and the second compression spring are both in a compressed state.

[0013] Preferably, the first sensor is specifically a pressure sensor, the first sensing part has a force rod extending in the direction of the first sensor, the first sensor has a pressure plate in contact with the force rod, the second sensor is specifically a tension sensor, the tension sensor is fixedly arranged on the first sensing part and located between the two second sensing parts, and the second sensor has a pull rope respectively connected to each second sensing part.

[0014] Preferably, the first sensing portion has a collecting groove for accommodating foreign matter on the side facing the roller, and the collecting groove is provided with a straw for absorbing foreign matter. When the roller rotates, foreign matter scraped off the top surface of the rail is thrown toward the collecting groove.

[0015] Preferably, the roller is provided with a plurality of jet ports capable of ejecting air outwards around its circumference, and an air inlet pipe capable of introducing air flow is provided at the end of the roller. When foreign matter on the top surface of the rail is scraped off, the air flow ejected from the jet port is in a state of pushing the foreign matter toward the collection trough.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The present invention realizes efficient and accurate detection and removal of foreign objects on the surface of the rails during the travel of the rail vehicle by integrating the processing mechanisms of the detection component and the maintenance component. Specifically, the data collected by the detection component is transmitted to the central control system, which conducts a comprehensive analysis of the data to form a foreign object detection result, and issues instructions based on the analysis result to control the working state of the maintenance component. Since the roller of the maintenance component conforms to the shape of the rail, it ensures that the roller can closely fit the surface of the rail during rotation, and effectively removes foreign objects, which not only improves the efficiency of track detection and maintenance, but also ensures the accuracy of the detection results and the reliability of the maintenance work, thereby ensuring the safe operation of urban rail transit.

[0018] 2. The present invention uses the roller to continuously rub against the surface of the rail during rotation, effectively removing foreign matter on the surface of the rail and ensuring that the surface of the rail is clean. The scraper bar is in full contact with the top and side surfaces of the rail to achieve all-round cleaning. The synergistic effect of the rubber pad and the pressure regulating component allows the scraper bar to fit the surface of the rail more stably, thereby improving the cleaning efficiency. The clean rail surface reduces safety hazards in train operation, improves the safety and reliability of the track, makes the maintenance process more efficient, and reduces the workload of manual cleaning.

[0019] 3. The present invention can accurately detect foreign objects on the top and side surfaces of the rail respectively through the first sensing part and the second sensing part. The first sensor and the second sensor can sense the displacement changes of the first sensing part and the second sensing part in real time, ensuring the real-time and accuracy of the detection results. The detected signals can be transmitted to the central control system in time to ensure that the central control system can respond quickly, thereby controlling the start-up of the maintenance component, ensuring the comprehensive detection of foreign objects on the rail surface, and improving the comprehensiveness and reliability of the detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of track inspection and maintenance equipment used in urban rail transit.

[0021] Figure 2 The present invention is a partial three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of a track inspection and maintenance equipment used in urban rail transit.

[0022] Figure 3 The present invention is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a processing mechanism of a track detection and maintenance equipment used in urban rail transit.

[0023] Figure 4 The present invention is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a maintenance component of a track inspection and maintenance equipment used in urban rail transit.

[0024] Figure 5 The invention is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a detection component of a track detection and maintenance equipment used in urban rail transit.

[0025] Figure 6 The present invention is a plan cross-sectional view of a rail and a roller of a track inspection and maintenance equipment used in urban rail transit.

[0026] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Plane section view at AA.

[0027] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of the three-dimensional structure at AA.

[0028] Fig. 9 yes Figure 8 An enlarged schematic diagram of point B.

[0029] Fig.10 The present invention is a partial three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of a detection component of a track detection and maintenance equipment used in urban rail transit.

[0030] The numbers in the figure are: 1, rail car; 11, frame; 2, processing mechanism; 3, rail; 4, detection component; 41, first sensing part; 411, first sensor; 4111, force rod; 4112, pressure plate; 412, first compression spring; 413, collecting trough; 4131, straw; 42, second sensing part; 421, second sensor; 4211, pull rope; 422, second compression spring; 4221, guide rod; 5, maintenance component; 51, roller; 511, scraper; 5111, rubber pad; 512, jet nozzle; 513, air intake pipe; 52, rotary drive; 6, pressure regulating component; 61, turn plate; 62, driven gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to further understand the features, technical means, specific objectives and functions of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0032] See also Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, a track inspection and maintenance device for urban rail transit is applied on the track, comprising a rail car 1 and a processing mechanism 2 arranged at the front end of the rail car 1, the track is composed of two parallel rails 3, each rail 3 is provided with a processing mechanism 2, the processing mechanism 2 comprises a detection component 4 for detecting whether there are foreign objects attached to the rail 3 and a maintenance component 5 for cleaning the foreign objects, the rail car 1 has a frame 11 for installing the detection component 4 and the maintenance component 5, the maintenance component 5 is located between the detection component 4 and the rail car 1, when the rail car 1 is running along the track, the surface of the rail 3 is in a state of being pre-detected by the detection component 4, and the maintenance component 5 is in a standby or start-up state according to the information transmitted by the detection component 4, the maintenance component 5 comprises a roller 51 adapted to the rail 3 and a rotation driver 52 for driving the roller 51 to rotate, when the detection component 4 detects that there are foreign objects on the surface of the rail 3, the rotation driver 52 is in a start-up state, thereby driving the roller 51 to rotate relative to the rail 3, so that the foreign objects on the surface of the rail 3 are removed.

[0033] When the rail car 1 travels along the track of urban rail transit, the processing mechanism 2 at its front end starts working to ensure that the inspection and maintenance process of the track is carried out efficiently and accurately. A processing mechanism 2 is provided on each rail 3, which includes a detection component 4 and a maintenance component 5. When the detection component 4 conducts a comprehensive analysis of the collected data to form a preliminary foreign body detection result, and transmits it to the central control system of the rail car 1 in real time through the wireless communication module, the central control system processes these data in real time to ensure the accuracy of the detection result. The central control system is not shown in the figure. The central control system issues corresponding instructions based on the analysis results to control the working state of the maintenance component 5. The roller 51 of the maintenance component 5 conforms to the shape of the rail 3, ensuring that it can fit closely to the surface of the rail 3 during the rotation process and effectively remove foreign matter. When the detection component 4 detects that there is foreign matter on the surface of the rail 3, the central control system immediately issues an instruction to start the rotation driver 52. After receiving the instruction, the rotation driver 52 drives the roller 51 to start rotating to remove foreign matter on the surface of the rail 3.

[0034] See also Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6-Figure 9 As shown, a plurality of scraper bars 511 are provided around the circumference of the roller 51 , and each scraper bar 511 is in contact with the top surface and the side surface of the rail 3 . When the roller 51 rotates, the scraper bar 511 is in frictional contact with the surface of the rail 3 .

[0035] When the roller 51 rotates, a plurality of scraping strips 511 arranged around the circumference of the roller 51 contact the top surface and the side surface of the rail 3, and the scraping strips 511 are in a state of frictional contact with the surface of the rail 3. The scraping strips 511 can effectively remove foreign matter on the surface of the rail 3 and ensure the cleanliness of the surface of the rail 3. Specifically, the scraping strips 511 generate continuous friction with the surface of the rail 3 when the roller 51 rotates, and can scrape off dust, dirt and other foreign matter attached to the surface of the rail 3, thereby ensuring the flatness and smoothness of the surface of the rail 3 and improving the safety and reliability of the track.

[0036] See also Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6-Figure 9 As shown, a rubber pad 5111 for pressure buffering is fixedly connected between each scraper strip 511 and the roller 51. The roller 51 can move on the frame 11 relative to the direction of the rail 3. The frame 11 is provided with a pressure regulating component 6 for adjusting the pressure of the roller 51 contacting the rail 3.

[0037] The rubber pad 5111 can absorb and buffer the impact force when the roller 51 contacts the rail 3, ensuring that the scraper 511 contacts the surface of the rail 3 more gently. The pressure regulating assembly 6 can adjust the pressure of the roller 51 in contact with the rail 3 as needed to ensure the best contact state between the scraper 511 and the surface of the rail 3 under different working conditions. When the pressure regulating assembly 6 controls the movement of the roller 51, the synergistic effect of the rubber pad 5111 and the pressure regulating assembly 6 enables the scraper 511 to fit the surface of the rail 3 more stably and effectively remove foreign matter.

[0038] See also Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6-Figure 9 As shown, the pressure regulating assembly 6 includes a rotating plate 61 rotatably disposed on the frame 11 and a pressure regulating driver for driving the rotating plate 61 to rotate. The roller 51 is rotatably disposed on the rotating plate 61. When the rotating plate 61 rotates, the roller 51 is in a moving state of gradually approaching or moving away from the rail 3.

[0039] The voltage regulating driver is composed of a driven gear 62 and a gear driving structure, which is not shown in the figure. When the rotating plate 61 rotates, the contact pressure between the roller 51 and the rail 3 can be precisely adjusted to ensure the best contact state between the scraper 511 and the surface of the rail 3. This allows the scraper 511 to more effectively remove foreign matter on the surface of the rail 3 during the rotation process, while reducing damage to the surface of the rail 3 under the buffering force of the rubber pad 5111.

[0040] See also Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Fig.10 As shown, the detection component 4 includes a first sensing part 41 and a second sensing part 42 for sensing foreign objects on the top surface and the side surface of the rail 3 respectively, and the first sensing part 41 and the second sensing part 42 are both block structures. The detection component 4 also includes a first sensor 411 connected between the first sensing part 41 and the frame 11 and a second sensor 421 connected between the second sensing part 42 and the first sensing part 41. When the first sensing part 41 or the second sensing part 42 is obstructed by foreign objects, as the rail vehicle 1 continues to travel, the first sensing part 41 or the second sensing part 42 is in a state of being lifted up by the foreign objects relative to the rail 3, and is thereby sensed by the first sensor 411 or the second sensor 421.

[0041] When the first sensing part 41 or the second sensing part 42 is blocked by foreign objects, as the rail vehicle 1 continues to travel, the first sensing part 41 or the second sensing part 42 is in a state of being lifted by the foreign objects relative to the rail 3, and is thus sensed by the first sensor 411 or the second sensor 421. The signal is transmitted to the central control system, so as to determine whether to start the maintenance component 5.

[0042] See also Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Fig.10 As shown, the front ends of the first sensing part 41 and the second sensing part 42 both have a slope. When the rail vehicle 1 is traveling, foreign objects pass through the slope and enter between the rail 3 and the first sensing part 41 or the second sensing part 42, so that the first sensor 411 or the second sensor 421 can sense pressure changes.

[0043] When the rail vehicle 1 is running, foreign matter enters between the rail 3 and the first sensing part 41 or the second sensing part 42 through the slope, so that the first sensor 411 or the second sensor 421 can sense the pressure change. Specifically, when the rail vehicle 1 is running, it encounters foreign matter on the surface of the rail 3, and the foreign matter gradually enters the gap between the rail 3 and the first sensing part 41 or the second sensing part 42 through the slope. As the rail vehicle 1 continues to run, the foreign matter will have a top effect on the first sensing part 41 or the second sensing part 42, causing the first sensing part 41 or the second sensing part 42 to be in a moving state away from the rail 3. This movement will cause the first sensor 411 or the second sensor 421 to detect the pressure change and transmit the signal to the central control system, so as to determine whether to start the maintenance component 5. The design of the slopes of the first sensing part 41 and the second sensing part 42 can smoothly guide foreign matter into the gap between the first sensing part 41 or the second sensing part 42 and the rail 3, reducing the direct impact of foreign matter on the first sensing part 41 and the second sensing part 42.

[0044] See also Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Fig.10 As shown, a first compression spring 412 is fixedly connected between the first sensing part 41 and the frame 11, and a second compression spring 422 is fixedly connected between each second sensing part 42 and the first sensing part 41. When the rail 3 is clamped between the first sensing part 41 and the second sensing part 42, the first compression spring 412 and the second compression spring 422 are both in a compressed state.

[0045] The first sensing part 41 has a guide rod 4221 extending outward through each second sensing part 42, the second sensing part 42 has a sleeve opening slidably mounted on the guide rod 4221, and the second compression spring 422 is specifically fixedly connected between the guide rod 4221 and the second sensing part 42. When the rail 3 is clamped between the first sensing part 41 and the second sensing part 42, the first compression spring 412 fixedly connected between the first sensing part 41 and the frame 11 and the second compression spring 422 fixedly connected between each second sensing part 42 and the first sensing part 41 are both in a compressed state. This allows the first sensing part 41 and the second sensing part 42 to be in stable contact with the rail 3, thereby accurately detecting foreign objects passed by the rail vehicle 1 during driving.

[0046] See also Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Fig.10 As shown, the first sensor 411 is specifically a pressure sensor, the first sensing part 41 has a force rod 4111 extending in the direction of the first sensor 411, the first sensor 411 has a pressure plate 4112 in contact with the force rod 4111, the second sensor 421 is specifically a tension sensor, the tension sensor is fixedly arranged on the first sensing part 41 and located between the two second sensing parts 42, and the second sensor 421 has a pull rope 4211 respectively connected to each second sensing part 42.

[0047] When the first sensing part 41 or the second sensing part 42 is pushed up by a foreign object, the first sensor 411 and the second sensor 421 can detect changes in pressure and tension respectively. Specifically, when the first sensing part 41 is pushed up by a foreign object, the force-applying rod 4111 pushes the pressure plate 4112, so that the pressure sensor detects changes in pressure. When the second sensing part 42 is pushed up by a foreign object, the pull rope 4211 generates a pulling force on the second sensor 421, so that the second sensor 421 detects changes in tension, thereby comprehensively detecting foreign objects attached to the surface of the rail 3.

[0048] See also Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Fig.10 As shown, the first sensing portion 41 has a collecting groove 413 for accommodating foreign matter on the side facing the roller 51, and the collecting groove 413 is provided with a suction tube 4131 for absorbing foreign matter. When the roller 51 rotates, the foreign matter scraped off the top surface of the rail 3 is in a state of being thrown toward the collecting groove 413.

[0049] When the roller 51 rotates, the scraper 511 scrapes off the foreign matter on the surface of the rail 3 and throws it toward the collecting groove 413. After the foreign matter enters the collecting groove 413, the suction pipe 4131 sucks the foreign matter and collects it in a centralized manner. This process ensures the effective removal and collection of the foreign matter, prevents the foreign matter from being scattered on the rail 3 again, and keeps the rail clean.

[0050] See also Figure 6-Figure 9 As shown, the roller 51 is provided with a plurality of air jets 512 around its circumference, which can eject air outwards. An air inlet pipe 513 which can introduce air flow is provided at the end of the roller 51. When foreign matter on the top surface of the rail 3 is scraped off, the air flow ejected from the air jets 512 is in a state of pushing the foreign matter toward the collecting tank 413.

[0051] When the roller 51 rotates, the scraper 511 scrapes off foreign matter on the surface of the rail 3, and the airflow ejected from the air jet 512 pushes the foreign matter toward the collecting slot 413 on the first sensing part 41. The suction pipe 4131 on the collecting slot 413 sucks the foreign matter out to the collecting system for centralized collection, which is not shown in the figure. The continuous jetting action of the air jet 512 and the continuous absorption action of the suction pipe 4131 ensure the continuous removal and collection of foreign matter, thereby improving the effect of the entire maintenance process.

[0052] The data collected by the detection component 4 of the present invention is transmitted to the central control system, which performs a comprehensive analysis on the data to form a foreign matter detection result, and issues instructions based on the analysis result to control the working state of the maintenance component 5, driving the roller 51 to remove foreign matter through continuous friction between the scraper bar 511 and the surface of the rail 3 during rotation, and through the synergistic effect of the rubber pad 5111 and the pressure regulating component 6, the scraper bar 511 can fit the surface of the rail 3 more stably, thereby improving the cleaning efficiency.

[0053] The above embodiments only express one or several implementation modes of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A track inspection and maintenance device for urban rail transit, applied on a track, comprising a track vehicle (1) and a processing mechanism (2) arranged at the front end of the track vehicle (1), wherein the track is composed of two parallel steel rails (3), and each steel rail (3) is provided with one of the processing mechanisms (2); It is characterized in that The processing mechanism (2) comprises a detection component (4) for detecting whether there are foreign objects attached to the rail (3) and a maintenance component (5) for cleaning the foreign objects. The rail vehicle (1) has a frame (11) for mounting the detection component (4) and the maintenance component (5). The maintenance component (5) is located between the detection component (4) and the rail vehicle (1). When the rail vehicle (1) is traveling along the track, the surface of the rail (3) is in a state of being pre-detected by the detection component (4), and the maintenance component (5) is in a standby or start-up state according to the information transmitted by the detection component (4). The maintenance component (5) comprises a roller (51) adapted to the steel rail (3) and a rotary driver (52) for driving the roller (51) to rotate. When the detection component (4) detects that there is foreign matter on the surface of the steel rail (3), the rotary driver (52) is in a start-up state, thereby driving the roller (51) to rotate relative to the steel rail (3), so that the foreign matter on the surface of the steel rail (3) is removed.

2. A track detection and maintenance device for urban rail transit according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of scraping strips (511) are arranged on the surface of the roller (51) around its circumference, and each scraping strip (511) is in contact with the top surface and the side surface of the rail (3). When the roller (51) rotates, the scraping strip (511) is in friction contact with the surface of the rail (3).

3. The track detection and maintenance equipment for urban rail transit according to claim 2, characterized in that: A rubber pad (5111) for achieving a pressure buffering effect is fixedly connected between each scraper strip (511) and the roller (51); the roller (51) can move on the frame (11) in a direction relative to the rail (3); and a pressure regulating assembly (6) for adjusting the pressure of the roller (51) contacting the rail (3) is provided on the frame (11).

4. The track detection and maintenance equipment for urban rail transit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pressure regulating assembly (6) comprises a rotating plate (61) rotatably arranged on a frame (11) and a pressure regulating driver for driving the rotating plate (61) to rotate. The roller (51) is rotatably arranged on the rotating plate (61). When the rotating plate (61) rotates, the roller (51) is in a moving state of gradually approaching or moving away from the rail (3).

5. The track detection and maintenance equipment for urban rail transit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection component (4) comprises a first sensing part (41) and a second sensing part (42) for sensing foreign objects on the top surface and the side surface of the rail (3) respectively. The first sensing part (41) and the second sensing part (42) are both block structures. The detection component (4) also comprises a first sensor (411) connected between the first sensing part (41) and the frame (11) and a second sensor (421) connected between the second sensing part (42) and the first sensing part (41). When the first sensing part (41) or the second sensing part (42) is blocked by foreign objects, as the rail vehicle (1) continues to travel, the first sensing part (41) or the second sensing part (42) is in a state of being lifted up by the foreign objects relative to the rail (3), and is thus sensed by the first sensor (411) or the second sensor (421).

6. The track detection and maintenance equipment for urban rail transit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The front ends of the first sensing part (41) and the second sensing part (42) both have a slope. When the rail vehicle (1) is traveling, foreign matter passes through the slope and enters between the steel rail (3) and the first sensing part (41) or the second sensing part (42), so that the first sensor (411) or the second sensor (421) can sense pressure changes.

7. The track detection and maintenance equipment for urban rail transit according to claim 6, characterized in that: A first compression spring (412) is fixedly connected between the first sensing part (41) and the frame (11), and a second compression spring (422) is fixedly connected between each second sensing part (42) and the first sensing part (41). When the rail (3) is clamped between the first sensing part (41) and the second sensing part (42), the first compression spring (412) and the second compression spring (422) are both in a compressed state.

8. The track detection and maintenance equipment for urban rail transit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first sensor (411) is specifically a pressure sensor, the first sensing part (41) has a force rod (4111) extending in the direction of the first sensor (411), the first sensor (411) has a pressure plate (4112) in contact with the force rod (4111), the second sensor (421) is specifically a tension sensor, the tension sensor is fixedly arranged on the first sensing part (41) and located between the two second sensing parts (42), and the second sensor (421) has a pull rope (4211) respectively connected to each second sensing part (42).

9. The track detection and maintenance equipment for urban rail transit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first sensing portion (41) has a collecting groove (413) capable of accommodating foreign matter on one side facing the roller (51), and a suction pipe (4131) capable of absorbing foreign matter is provided on the collecting groove (413). When the roller (51) rotates, foreign matter scraped off the top surface of the rail (3) is in a state of being thrown toward the collecting groove (413).

10. The track detection and maintenance equipment for urban rail transit according to claim 9, characterized in that: The roller (51) is provided with a plurality of jet ports (512) capable of jetting outwards in a circumferential direction thereof, and an air inlet pipe (513) capable of introducing air flow is provided at the end of the roller (51). When foreign matter on the top surface of the rail (3) is scraped off, the air flow jetted from the jet ports (512) is in a state of pushing the foreign matter toward the collecting tank (413).

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