Extract for increasing amino acid content of tea leaves, preparation method and application

Abstract

The invention discloses an extract, the extract is from viscum platanifolium, and the extract can improve the content of amino acid in leaves in the growth process of tea trees. The invention also discloses a preparation method and an application method of the extract, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out vacuum freeze drying on a fresh mistletoe sample, and carrying out ultrasonic extraction with 75% ethanol to obtain a crude extracting solution; freeze-drying the crude extract into powder to obtain crude extract powder; re-dissolving the crude extract powder, and pouring the re-dissolved crude extract powder into medium-pressure chromatographic separation gel to remove fat-soluble substances in the crude extract powder so as to obtain eluent; and concentrating the eluent under reduced pressure, and freeze-drying in vacuum to obtain the extract for increasing the amino acid content of the tea leaves. The extract and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention are simple in steps and convenient to use, the amino acid content of the tea can be increased after the extract is sprayed on the surface of the tea, the improvement rate reaches 35% or above, and the yield and quality of the tea are specifically improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tea planting, and in particular to an extract for increasing the amino acid content of tea leaves, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] The composition of tea leaves is one of the important indicators that affect the suitability of tea leaves. Among them, the ratio of tea polyphenols to amino acids (phenol-amino ratio) is an important factor affecting the processing of green tea. As an important flavor substance in tea, the content of amino acids is highly correlated with the taste of the finished tea, especially the impact on the freshness; in general, the higher the amino acid content, the better the quality of green tea. In addition, during the high-temperature drying process of tea leaves, amino acids will undergo Maillard reaction with monosaccharides and oligosaccharides to form Amadori rearrangement products. These substances have an important influence on the color and aroma of tea soup. For example, the Amadori rearrangement products of umami amino acids have an enhancing effect on umami.

[0003] First, the amino acid content in tea can be increased by applying foliar fertilizer. Foliar fertilizer is a fertilizer that directly applies the nutrients needed by crops to the leaves for the purpose of leaf absorption. It makes up for the lack of rhizosphere fertilization and has the characteristics of quick effect, strong effect, high utilization rate, and simple application. At present, foliar fertilizers are mostly nutritional foliar fertilizers, regulating foliar fertilizers, biological foliar fertilizers, and compound foliar fertilizers. Nutritional foliar fertilizers, regulating foliar fertilizers, and compound foliar fertilizers are mostly various nutrients and some plant growth hormones, which need to be sprayed repeatedly many times, causing pollution to the tea garden environment. Biological foliar fertilizers contain microorganisms and metabolites, such as amino acid substances. These amino acid foliar fertilizers can provide raw materials for the amino acid metabolism of tea trees, promote the growth of tea trees, and improve the resistance of tea trees.

[0004] At present, most of the foliar fertilizers sold on the market are made by protein hydrolysis, and the resulting amino acid components, types and proportions vary. The growth of tea trees often requires specific amino acid nutrients. If the foliar fertilizer applied cannot meet its growth needs, problems such as low utilization rate of amino acid foliar fertilizer and waste of foliar fertilizer will occur. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an extract for increasing the amino acid content of tea leaves, a preparation method and an application thereof, so as to solve the technical problem of low utilization rate of amino acid foliar fertilizer in the prior art.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention specifically provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The invention provides an extract for improving the amino acid content of tea leaves, wherein the extract is derived from Viscum tabebuia.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the extract comprises, by percentage, 14-19% polyphenols, 8-12% amino acids and 69-78% other substances.

[0009] The present invention also provides a method for preparing an extract for increasing the amino acid content of tea leaves, comprising the following steps:

[0010] S100, taking a fresh sample of Viscum planatum, performing vacuum freeze drying, and ultrasonic extraction with 75% ethanol to obtain a crude extract;

[0011] S200, concentrating the crude extract under reduced pressure in a water bath under heating conditions, transferring the crude extract to a vacuum freeze dryer, and freeze-drying the mixture into a powder to obtain a crude extract powder;

[0012] S300, re-dissolving the crude extract powder, and pouring it into a medium-pressure chromatography separation gel to remove fat-soluble substances in the crude extract powder, thereby obtaining an eluent;

[0013] S400, concentrating the eluate under reduced pressure and freeze-drying the eluate to obtain the extract for increasing the amino acid content of tea leaves.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the present invention, in S100:

[0015] In terms of mass ratio, the fresh sample of Viscum album and the 75% ethanol are (1:110)-(1:20);

[0016] The ultrasonic extraction time meets the requirement of 30-60min.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S200, the reduced pressure concentration satisfies the following conditions: the pressure is 0.1 MPa; the temperature is 43°C.

[0018] As a preferred solution of the present invention, in said S300, the following steps are included:

[0019] S310, re-dissolving the crude extraction powder to obtain a re-solution;

[0020] S320, weighing a polystyrene-based reverse phase resin filler and placing it in a glass column, and washing it with a methanol aqueous solution to obtain the medium pressure chromatography separation gel column;

[0021] S330, slowly pouring the reconstituted solution into the medium pressure chromatography separation gel column, eluting with methanol-water solution to obtain the eluent.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S310, the solvent for re-dissolving the crude extract powder is a methanol aqueous solution, and the concentration of the methanol aqueous solution is 60%-95%;

[0023] In the S320, the ratio of the amount of the polystyrene-based reverse phase resin filler to the crude extraction powder is 6:1-10:1.

[0024] The invention also provides application of the extract in increasing the amino acid content of tea leaves.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for applying the extract is as follows:

[0026] dissolving the extract in water to obtain an extract solution;

[0027] The extract solution is sprayed on the surface of tea leaves.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass-volume ratio of the extract to the water is 1-10 g / L.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] The invention discloses an extract from Viscum tabebuia, which contains 14-19% of polyphenols and 8-12% of free amino acids, and can increase the amino acid content in leaves during the growth of tea trees. When used as foliar fertilizer, it can increase the absorption efficiency of the extract on the surface of tea leaves, significantly increase the amino acid content in tea leaves by more than 35%, and improve the quality of tea leaves. At the same time, the raw materials of the foliar fertilizer itself come from plants grown in tea gardens, thereby reducing the pollution to the tea garden environment caused by the application of foliar fertilizer.

[0031] The foliar fertilizer disclosed by the present invention is convenient to apply, is not affected by the growth period of crops, is directly sprayed on tea leaves after being dissolved in water, is not restricted by the cultivation method of plants after the concentration is fixed, is directly absorbed by plants, has significant effects, and utilizes nutrients more directly and stably;

[0032] The invention extracts the extract through simple steps, removes the fat-soluble substances, and directly sprays the extract on plant leaves, thereby preventing the components of the substances contained therein from being reversely absorbed and utilized, so that the plants can directly absorb the extract. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the implementation methods or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 The present invention provides a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing an extract for increasing the amino acid content of tea leaves. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] The invention provides an extract for improving the amino acid content of tea leaves. The extract comes from Viscum tabebuia and can improve the amino acid content in the leaves during the growth process of tea trees.

[0037] The extract is in the form of powder which is easy to preserve. In terms of percentage, the extract includes 14-19% polyphenols, 8-12% amino acids and 69-78% other substances.

[0038] There is no foliar fertilizer that extracts usable substances from tea parasitic plants and applies them to the growth and development of the plants themselves. The present invention supplements the growth of tea leaves by using Viscum album, one of the tea parasitic plants. Viscum album parasitizes on ancient tea trees and is also called "crab feet" because of its shape like crab feet.

[0039] The present invention obtains an extract from Viscum album. The compound components and content analysis of the extract of the present invention are as follows: the polyphenol and free amino acid contents are determined by the Folin phenol method (GB / T 8313-2018) and the ninhydrin colorimetric method (GB / T 8314-2013), and it is found that the polyphenol content is 14-19%, the free amino acid content is 8-12%, and the content of other substances is 69-78%.

[0040] This extract mainly contains polyphenols (14-19%), amino acids (8-12%), and other substances (69-78%), which can specifically supplement the nutrients needed by the tea tree, increase the utilization rate of the parasitic extract, and reduce the environmental pollution caused by insufficient absorption of the tea tree.

[0041] Most foliar fertilizers on the market are single or multiple compound fertilizers, while "crab feet" as a traditional Chinese medicine has many functions such as lowering blood and lipids, nourishing yin and removing heat, dispelling wind and dampness. It parasitizes on plants, and there will be interaction between the two plants. The material components in the plant body will become the source of nutrients needed for its growth, thereby affecting the changes in the internal substances of the plant. Extracting the parasites for spraying will only affect the changes in the internal substances of the tea tree.

[0042] In addition, the use of parasite extracts as foliar fertilizers requires high operating technology and there is no universal extraction method, so it is difficult to use them as foliar fertilizers.

[0043] Furthermore, the present invention develops a new method for preparing foliar fertilizer that can be efficiently utilized, namely, a method for preparing the above-mentioned extract, which, after being sprayed onto tea leaves, can specifically increase the amino acid content in tea, improve the quality of tea, and promote high-quality and efficient cultivation technology of tea.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for preparing an extract for increasing the amino acid content of tea leaves, comprising the following steps:

[0045] (1) performing crude extraction on Viscum album to obtain a crude extract;

[0046] (2) concentrating the crude extract under reduced pressure and freeze-drying the extract to obtain a crude extract powder;

[0047] (3) removing fat-soluble substances in the crude extraction powder using medium pressure chromatography separation gel to obtain an eluate;

[0048] (4) The eluate is again concentrated under reduced pressure and freeze-dried in vacuum to obtain the above-mentioned extract; the concentrated under reduced pressure and freeze-dried in vacuum in step (4) are the same as those in step (2).

[0049] Furthermore, the preparation of the crude extract comprises the following steps:

[0050] S100. Take a fresh sample of Viscum planatum and perform vacuum freeze-drying, and perform ultrasonic extraction with 75% ethanol to obtain a crude extract.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment, the mass ratio of fresh Viscum album to 75% ethanol is (1:110)-(1:20).

[0052] In a preferred embodiment, the ultrasonic extraction time meets: 30-60 min.

[0053] Furthermore, the preparation of the crude extraction powder comprises the following steps:

[0054] S200, concentrating the crude extract under reduced pressure in a water bath, transferring the crude extract to a vacuum freeze dryer, and freeze-drying the mixture into a powder to obtain a crude extract powder.

[0055] Among them, the reduced pressure concentration meets the following conditions: the pressure is 0.1Mpa; the temperature is 43°C.

[0056] Furthermore, the preparation of the eluent comprises the following steps:

[0057] S300, re-dissolving the crude extract powder and pouring it into a medium-pressure chromatography separation gel to remove fat-soluble substances in the crude extract powder to obtain an eluent.

[0058] The preparation method of medium pressure chromatography separation gel column is as follows:

[0059] A polystyrene-based reverse phase resin filler is weighed and loaded into a glass column, and washed with a methanol aqueous solution to obtain a medium pressure chromatography separation gel column.

[0060] The steps for reconstitution are as follows:

[0061] The crude extract powder is redissolved to obtain a reconstituted solution. In a preferred embodiment, the solvent for redissolving the crude extract powder is a methanol aqueous solution, and the concentration of the methanol aqueous solution is 60%-95%.

[0062] The elution process is as follows:

[0063] The reconstituted solution is slowly poured into a medium pressure chromatography separation gel column and eluted with a methanol aqueous solution to remove fat-soluble substances in the reconstituted solution to obtain an eluent.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment, the ratio of the amount of the polystyrene-based reverse phase resin filler to the crude extract powder is 6:1-10:1.

[0065] The extract obtained by the above method can be directly sprayed on the surface of tea leaves after being dissolved in water.

[0066] The application method of the extract is as follows:

[0067] dissolving the extract in water to obtain an extract solution;

[0068] Spray the extract solution on the surface of the tea leaves.

[0069] The concentration of the extract can be selected within a preferred range, preferably, the mass-volume ratio of the extract to water is 1-10 g / L.

[0070] The invention extracts the extract through simple steps, removes the fat-soluble substances, and directly sprays the extract on plant leaves, thereby preventing the components of the substances contained therein from being reversely absorbed and utilized, so that the plants can directly absorb the extract.

[0071] The following examples are provided to further illustrate the effects of the extract:

[0072] Embodiment 1:

[0073] (1) A fresh sample of Viscum planatum was vacuum freeze-dried and ultrasonically extracted with 75% ethanol for 40 min to obtain a crude extract;

[0074] (2) The crude extract is concentrated under reduced pressure in a water bath at a pressure of 0.1 MPa and a temperature of 43° C. The concentrated crude extract is transferred to a vacuum freeze dryer and freeze-dried into powder to obtain a crude extract powder;

[0075] (3) 100 g of the crude extract powder is placed in a methanol aqueous solution with a concentration of 70% to obtain a reconstituted solution; 10 g of a polystyrene-based reverse phase resin filler is loaded into a glass column and rinsed with a methanol aqueous solution to obtain the medium pressure chromatography separation gel column; the reconstituted solution is poured into the medium pressure chromatography separation gel column to remove fat-soluble substances in the crude extract powder to obtain an eluent;

[0076] (4) The eluate was concentrated under reduced pressure to 0.1 MPa and the temperature was 43° C., and vacuum freeze-dried to obtain Example 1.

[0077] Example 1 is an extract capable of increasing the amino acid content of tea leaves.

[0078] The functions of Example 1 are verified as follows:

[0079] Application Example 1:

[0080] 1g / L of extract was sprayed on the surface of tea leaves for 7 days, once a day at the same time.

[0081] Application Example 2:

[0082] 1g / L of extract was sprayed on the surface of tea leaves for 14 days, once a day at the same time.

[0083] Application Example 3:

[0084] 1g / L of extract was sprayed on the surface of tea leaves for 21 days, once a day at the same time.

[0085] Application example 4:

[0086] 3g / L of extract was sprayed on the surface of tea leaves for 7 days, once a day at the same time.

[0087] Application Example 5:

[0088] 3g / L of extract was sprayed on the surface of tea leaves for 14 days, once a day at the same time.

[0089] Application Example 6:

[0090] 3g / L of extract was sprayed on the surface of tea leaves for 21 days, once a day at the same time.

[0091] Application Example 7:

[0092] 7g / L of extract was sprayed on the surface of tea leaves for 7 days, once a day at the same time.

[0093] Application Example 8:

[0094] 7g / L of extract was sprayed on the surface of tea leaves for 14 days, once a day at the same time.

[0095] Application Example 9:

[0096] 7g / L of extract was sprayed on the surface of tea leaves for 21 days, once a day at the same time.

[0097] In this control example: the solvent for dissolving the extract, i.e. water, was sprayed on the surface of the tea leaves at the same time, the same number of days, and the same dosage.

[0098] The results are shown in Table 1:

[0099] Table 1

[0100]

[0101]

[0102] The above application examples are the effects of different concentrations of "crab legs" extracts on improving the amino acid content of tea. It can be seen from Table 1 that when the concentration of the extract is 3g / L, the effect is best, with an improvement rate of more than 35%, and significant results can be seen after continuous spraying for 7 days. It can be sprayed one month before the tea season, and the effect is quick.

[0103] The extract for increasing the amino acid content in tea leaves and its preparation method and application according to the present embodiment can be directly sprayed on tea leaves, thereby increasing the absorption efficiency of the extract on the surface of the tea leaves and significantly increasing the amino acid content in the tea leaves by more than 35%, thereby reducing the pollution to the tea garden environment caused by the application of foliar fertilizers. At the same time, the fertilization method is convenient and is not affected by the growth period of crops. After the concentration is fixed, the cultivation method of the plants is not restricted, which facilitates direct absorption by the plants and makes nutrient utilization more direct and stable.

[0104] The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. The protection scope of the present application is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present application within the essence and protection scope of the present application, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions shall also be deemed to fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An extract for increasing the amino acid content of tea leaves, characterized in that: The extract is from Viscum album and can increase the content of amino acids in leaves during the growth process of tea trees.

2. The extract for increasing the amino acid content of tea leaves according to claim 1, characterized in that: In terms of percentage, the extract includes 14-19% polyphenols, 8-12% amino acids and 69-78% other substances.

3. A method for preparing an extract for increasing the amino acid content of tea leaves as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The steps include: S100, taking a fresh sample of Viscum planatum, performing vacuum freeze drying, and ultrasonic extraction with 75% ethanol to obtain a crude extract; S200, concentrating the crude extract under reduced pressure in a water bath, transferring the crude extract to a vacuum freeze dryer, and freeze-drying the mixture into a powder to obtain a crude extract powder; S300, re-dissolving the crude extract powder and pouring it into a medium-pressure chromatography separation gel to remove fat-soluble substances in the crude extract powder to obtain an eluent; S400, concentrating the eluate under reduced pressure and freeze-drying the eluate to obtain the extract for increasing the amino acid content of tea leaves.

4. The method for preparing an extract for increasing the amino acid content of tea leaves according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the S100: In terms of mass ratio, the fresh sample of Viscum album and the 75% ethanol are (1:110)-(1:20); The ultrasonic extraction time meets the requirement of 30-60min.

5. The method for preparing an extract for increasing the amino acid content of tea leaves according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the S200, the reduced pressure concentration satisfies the following conditions: the pressure is 0.1 MPa; the temperature is 43°C.

6. The method for preparing an extract for increasing the amino acid content of tea leaves according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the S300, the following steps are included: S310, re-dissolving the crude extraction powder to obtain a re-solution; S320, weighing a polystyrene-based reverse phase resin filler and placing it in a glass column, and washing it with a methanol aqueous solution to obtain the medium pressure chromatography separation gel column; S330, slowly pouring the reconstituted solution into the medium pressure chromatography separation gel column, eluting with methanol-water solution to obtain the eluent.

7. The method for preparing an extract for increasing the amino acid content of tea leaves according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the S310, the solvent for re-dissolving the crude extract powder is a methanol aqueous solution, and the concentration of the methanol aqueous solution is 60%-95%; In the S320, the ratio of the amount of the polystyrene-based reverse phase resin filler to the crude extraction powder is 6:1-10:

1.

8. Use of the extract according to any one of claims 1 to 7 for increasing the amino acid content of tea leaves.

9. The use of an extract according to claim 8, characterized in that: The extract is administered as follows: dissolving the extract in water to obtain an extract solution; The extract solution is sprayed on the surface of tea leaves.

10. The use of an extract according to claim 9, characterized in that: The mass-volume ratio of the extract to the water is 1-10 g / L.

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