Fully-synthetic titanium alloy cutting fluid and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a total synthesis titanium alloy cutting fluid and a preparation method thereof. The total synthesis titanium alloy cutting fluid is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 to 60 parts of deionized water, 22 to 26 parts of sulfonate type ionic liquid, 7 to 9 parts of extreme pressure additive, 4.5 to 5.5 parts of antirust agent, 2.5 to 3.0 parts of catalase, 1.2 to 1.6 parts of antibacterial agent, 1.2 to 1.6 parts of stabilizer and 1.0 to 1.5 parts of defoaming agent. The prepared fully-synthesized titanium alloy cutting fluid can effectively lubricate titanium alloy for a long time under the conditions of high speed and high temperature, so that the abrasion of a tool in the machining process is remarkably reduced, and the service life of the tool is prolonged. And meanwhile, the surface machining quality of the titanium alloy workpiece is also remarkably improved, so that the workpiece is smoother and more accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cutting fluids, and in particular to a fully synthetic titanium alloy cutting fluid and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Titanium alloy is unique among many metal materials for its light weight, high strength and excellent corrosion resistance. Titanium alloy has low density and high strength, which makes it widely used in aerospace and aviation fields, and can significantly reduce the weight of aircraft and improve load capacity. At the same time, the corrosion resistance of titanium alloy also makes it an ideal choice for marine engineering, chemical industry and other fields. In addition, titanium alloy also has good biocompatibility, so it is also widely used in the medical field, such as the manufacture of artificial joints and dental implants. However, the machining of titanium alloy is prone to tool wear, which affects the machining quality of the workpiece, so the use of cutting fluid is indispensable. Cutting fluid is divided into two categories, namely oil-based cutting fluid and water-based cutting fluid. Oil-based cutting fluid is mainly composed of animal and vegetable oils and mineral oils, which can form a lubricating film on the surface of the tool and has an outstanding lubricating effect. Water-based cutting fluid is divided into emulsion, semi-synthetic cutting fluid and fully synthetic cutting fluid according to the content of mineral oil in the additive. Among them, fully synthetic cutting fluid contains almost no mineral oil. Its main components are water and various additives, and the cooling effect is outstanding, so it is more suitable for the machining of titanium alloy. However, general fully synthetic cutting fluids are difficult to effectively lubricate titanium alloys, and there are still problems such as tool wear and poor workpiece surface quality. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention proposes a fully synthetic titanium alloy cutting fluid and a preparation method thereof to solve the above problems.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows: a fully synthetic titanium alloy cutting fluid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55-60 parts of deionized water, 22-26 parts of sulfonate ionic liquid, 7-9 parts of extreme pressure additives, 4.5-5.5 parts of rust inhibitors, 2.5-3.0 parts of catalase, 1.2-1.6 parts of antibacterial agents, 1.2-1.6 parts of stabilizers, and 1.0-1.5 parts of defoaming agents.

[0005] Furthermore, the sulfonate type ionic liquid is prepared by the following method: pyridine is added to a round-bottom flask, sultone is added dropwise to the pyridine, the volume ratio of pyridine to sultone is 1.0:(0.8-1.0), stirring at 200-400 r / min and heating at 60-80° C., stirring and heating are continued for 2-3 hours, and after the reaction is completed, the solid matter is filtered out using a 100-200 mesh sieve to obtain a crude product, and the crude product is washed with ether 1-3 times the volume of the crude product, and washed 2-3 times to obtain a sulfonate type ionic liquid.

[0006] Furthermore, the sultone is 1,3-propane sultone or 1,4-butane sultone.

[0007] Furthermore, the extreme pressure additive is a combination of at least two of sulfided isobutylene, phosphate, triethanolamine borate, and dibutyltin dilaurate.

[0008] Furthermore, the rust inhibitor is one or a combination of sodium benzoate, sodium nitrite, sodium molybdate, ammonium molybdate, zinc sulfate, triethanolamine, ammonium borate, sodium borate, potassium borate, sodium silicate, and sodium silicate.

[0009] Furthermore, the antibacterial agent is one of methylisothiazolinone, benzisothiazolinone, phenoxyethanol, and polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride.

[0010] Furthermore, the stabilizer is composed of carrageenan, polyacrylamide and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in a mass ratio of (1.0-3.0):(0.5-1.5):(0.5-1.5).

[0011] Furthermore, the defoaming agent is one of polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, ethanol, isopropanol, silicone amide, and polysilicone amide.

[0012] Furthermore, a method for preparing a fully synthetic titanium alloy cutting fluid comprises the following steps:

[0013] S1, weigh each raw material by weight;

[0014] S2, adding deionized water and sulfonate type ionic liquid into the reaction kettle, stirring and mixing evenly to obtain a mixed solution I;

[0015] S3, adding extreme pressure additives, rust inhibitors, catalase, antibacterial agents, and defoaming agents to the mixed solution I, stirring and mixing evenly to obtain a mixed solution II;

[0016] S4. Add a stabilizer to the mixed liquid II, stir and mix evenly to obtain a fully synthetic titanium alloy cutting fluid.

[0017] Furthermore, in S2, the stirring speed is 100-200 r / min and the stirring time is 3-5 min, in S3, the stirring speed is 200-300 r / min and the stirring time is 15-20 min, and in S4, the stirring speed is 150-250 r / min and the stirring time is 4-6 min.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the sulfonate ionic liquid in the cutting fluid of the present invention has high thermal stability and low volatility, and can remain stable under the high temperature environment generated during the titanium alloy cutting process, and is not easy to decompose or volatilize, thereby continuously providing a lubricating effect. At the same time, the sulfonate ionic liquid has good solubility and dispersion ability, and can effectively take away the heat and debris generated during the cutting process, keep the cutting area clean, and reduce the wear of the tool. Moreover, the sulfonate ionic liquid can form a stable lubricating film between the tool and the titanium alloy workpiece, significantly reducing the friction coefficient, reducing the cutting force and cutting heat, thereby effectively reducing the wear of the tool and improving the machining surface quality of the workpiece.

[0019] The catalase in the cutting fluid of the present invention can decompose the hydrogen peroxide generated during the cutting process, reduce the content of hydrogen peroxide in the cutting fluid, thereby reducing the problem of work hardening of the workpiece surface caused by the oxidation of titanium alloy by hydrogen peroxide, thereby reducing the additional wear between the tool and the titanium alloy workpiece due to oxidation, and thus the service life of the tool can be extended. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, specific embodiments are provided below to further illustrate the present invention.

[0021] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the embodiments of the present invention are all conventional methods.

[0022] Unless otherwise specified, the materials, reagents, etc. used in the embodiments of the present invention can be obtained from commercial sources.

[0023] Example 1

[0024] A fully synthetic titanium alloy cutting fluid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of deionized water, 22 parts of sulfonate ionic liquid, 7 parts of extreme pressure additives composed of sulfide isobutylene and phosphate in a volume ratio of 1.5:1, 4.5 parts of rust inhibitors composed of sodium benzoate, sodium nitrite, ammonium borate and sodium silicate in a mass ratio of 3:1:4:2, 2.5 parts of catalase, 1.2 parts of antibacterial agent selected from methylisothiazolinone, 1.2 parts of stabilizer composed of carrageenan, polyacrylamide and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in a mass ratio of 1.0:0.5:0.5, and 1.0 part of defoamer selected from polydimethylsiloxane. Among them, the sulfonate type ionic liquid is prepared by the following method: pyridine is added to a round-bottom flask, 1,3-propane sultone is added dropwise to the pyridine, the volume ratio of pyridine to 1,3-propane sultone is 1.0:0.8, stirring at 200 r / min and heating at 60°C, stirring and heating are continued for 3 hours, after the reaction is completed, a 100-mesh sieve is used to filter out the solid matter to obtain a crude product, and the crude product is washed with ether with a volume of 1 times that of the crude product, washed twice, and a sulfonate type ionic liquid is obtained.

[0025] Example 2

[0026] A fully synthetic titanium alloy cutting fluid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 57 parts of deionized water, 24 parts of sulfonate ionic liquid, 8 parts of extreme pressure additives consisting of triethanolamine borate and dibutyltin dilaurate in a volume ratio of 2:1, 5.0 parts of rust inhibitors consisting of sodium benzoate, triethanolamine and sodium silicate in a mass ratio of 2:1:1, 2.7 parts of catalase, 1.4 parts of antibacterial agents selected from benzisothiazolinone, 1.4 parts of stabilizers consisting of carrageenan, polyacrylamide and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in a mass ratio of 2.0:1.0:1.0, and 1.3 parts of defoamers selected from polysilicone amide. Among them, the sulfonate type ionic liquid is prepared by the following method: pyridine is added to a round-bottom flask, 1,3-propane sultone is added dropwise to the pyridine, the volume ratio of pyridine to 1,3-propane sultone is 1.0:0.9, stirring at 300 r / min and heating at 70°C, stirring and heating are continued for 2.5 hours, after the reaction is completed, a 150-mesh sieve is used to filter out the solid matter to obtain a crude product, and the crude product is washed with ether twice the volume of the crude product, washed three times to obtain a sulfonate type ionic liquid.

[0027] Example 3

[0028] A fully synthetic titanium alloy cutting fluid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of deionized water, 26 parts of sulfonate ionic liquid, 9 parts of extreme pressure additives composed of sulfide isobutylene, phosphate, and triethanolamine borate in a volume ratio of 2:1:1, 5.5 parts of rust inhibitors composed of sodium molybdate and zinc sulfate in a ratio of 1.5:1, 3.0 parts of catalase, 1.6 parts of antibacterial agent selected from polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride, 1.6 parts of stabilizer composed of carrageenan, polyacrylamide, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in a mass ratio of 3.0:1.5:1.5, and 1.5 parts of defoamer selected from polyethylene glycol. Among them, the sulfonate ionic liquid is prepared by the following method: pyridine is added to a round-bottom flask, 1,4-butane sultone is added dropwise to the pyridine, the volume ratio of pyridine to 1,4-butane sultone is 1.0:1.0, stirring at 400 r / min and heating at 80°C, stirring and heating are continued for 2 hours, after the reaction is completed, a 200-mesh sieve is used to filter out solid matter to obtain a crude product, and the crude product is washed with ether 3 times the volume of the crude product, washed 3 times to obtain a sulfonate ionic liquid.

[0029] The fully synthetic titanium alloy cutting fluid described in Examples 1-3 is prepared according to the following steps:

[0030] S1, weigh each raw material by weight;

[0031] S2, add deionized water and sulfonate type ionic liquid into the reactor, stir at 150 r / min for 4 min, mix well, and obtain mixed solution I;

[0032] S3, adding extreme pressure additives, rust inhibitors, catalase, antibacterial agents, and defoaming agents to the mixed solution I, stirring at 250 r / min for 18 min, and mixing evenly to obtain a mixed solution II;

[0033] S4. Add stabilizer to mixed liquid II, stir at 200 r / min for 5 minutes, mix evenly, and obtain a fully synthetic titanium alloy cutting fluid.

[0034] Example 4

[0035] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 is that the fully synthetic titanium alloy cutting fluid is prepared according to the following steps:

[0036] S1, weigh each raw material by weight;

[0037] S2, add deionized water and sulfonate type ionic liquid into the reaction kettle, stir at 100 r / min for 5 min, mix well, and obtain mixed solution I;

[0038] S3, adding extreme pressure additives, rust inhibitors, catalase, antibacterial agents, and defoaming agents to the mixed solution I, stirring at 200 r / min for 20 min, and mixing evenly to obtain a mixed solution II;

[0039] S4. Add stabilizer to mixed liquid II, stir at 150 r / min for 6 min, mix evenly, and obtain a fully synthetic titanium alloy cutting fluid.

[0040] Example 5

[0041] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 is that the fully synthetic titanium alloy cutting fluid is prepared according to the following steps:

[0042] S1, weigh each raw material by weight;

[0043] S2, add deionized water and sulfonate type ionic liquid into the reactor, stir at 200 r / min for 3 min, mix well, and obtain mixed solution I;

[0044] S3, adding extreme pressure additives, rust inhibitors, catalase, antibacterial agents, and defoaming agents to the mixed solution I, stirring at 300 r / min for 15 min, and mixing evenly to obtain a mixed solution II;

[0045] S4. Add stabilizer to mixed liquid II, stir at 250 r / min for 4 min, mix evenly, and obtain a fully synthetic titanium alloy cutting fluid.

[0046] Comparative Example 1

[0047] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that the raw material does not contain sulfonate type ionic liquid.

[0048] Comparative Example 2

[0049] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that an equal volume of imidazole-type ionic liquid is used instead of sulfonate-type ionic liquid.

[0050] Comparative Example 3

[0051] This comparative example is different from Example 3 in that the raw materials do not contain catalase.

[0052] Comparative Example 4

[0053] This comparative example is different from Example 3 in that the raw materials do not contain a stabilizer.

[0054] Comparative Example 5

[0055] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that the stabilizer consists of polyacrylamide and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0056] Tool maximum wear and workpiece surface roughness test

[0057] The cutting fluids prepared in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-5 were tested on an automatic CNC machining center machine tool. A new carbide tool was used as the tool, and the workpiece was a Ti6Al4V titanium alloy flat workpiece with a workpiece size of 240×120×5 mm. The clamping method was screw fixed. The machining parameters were S4000, F600, ae0.35, and ap2. The machining time was 500 m. Every 100 m of machining, the maximum wear of the tool was tested and the surface roughness of the workpiece was detected. The maximum wear of the tool was recorded in Table 1, and the surface roughness was recorded in Table 2.

[0058] Table 1

[0059]

[0060] Table 2

[0061]

[0062]

[0063] It can be seen from Tables 1 and 2 that the cutting fluid prepared by the present invention causes less wear on the tool and the surface roughness of the machined workpiece is lower, especially Example 3 has a better effect.

[0064] Compared with Comparative Example 1, it can be seen from Tables 1 and 2 that the cutting fluid prepared by adding sulfonate ionic liquid greatly reduces the maximum wear of the tool, and the surface roughness of the processed titanium alloy workpiece is greatly reduced. This is because the sulfonate ionic liquid has high thermal stability and low volatility. It can remain stable, not easy to decompose, and not easy to volatilize under the high temperature environment generated during the titanium alloy cutting process, thereby continuously providing a lubricating effect. At the same time, the sulfonate ionic liquid has good solubility and dispersion ability, and can effectively take away the heat and debris generated during the cutting process, keep the cutting area clean, and reduce the wear of the tool. And the sulfonate ionic liquid can form a uniform and stable lubricating film between the tool and the titanium alloy workpiece, and can continuously provide excellent lubrication effect under high temperature and high-speed cutting conditions, significantly reduce the friction coefficient, reduce cutting force and cutting heat, thereby effectively reducing the wear of the tool and improving the quality of the machined surface of the workpiece.

[0065] Compared with Comparative Example 2, it can be seen from Table 1 and Table 2 that the sulfonate ionic liquid in the present invention is slightly better than the imidazole ionic liquid in reducing the maximum wear of the tool and reducing the surface roughness. Although the imidazole ionic liquid also has good lubricity, the stability and high temperature resistance of its lubricating film are slightly inferior to those of the sulfonate ionic liquid, so the preparation scheme of the present invention is better.

[0066] Compared with Comparative Example 3, the cutting fluid prepared by adding catalase in Example 3 has a good improvement in the protection of the tool and the surface quality of the workpiece. This is because catalase can decompose the hydrogen peroxide in the cutting fluid and reduce its negative impact on the lubricant. Hydrogen peroxide is a strong oxidant, and its presence will destroy the chemical structure of the lubricant and reduce its lubrication performance. By adding catalase, hydrogen peroxide can be effectively degraded to maintain the stability and lubrication effect of the lubricant, thereby providing better lubrication during the titanium alloy cutting process. After the reduction of hydrogen peroxide, the problem of work hardening on the workpiece surface caused by hydrogen peroxide oxidizing the titanium alloy can be reduced, thereby reducing the additional wear between the tool and the titanium alloy workpiece due to oxidation, thereby extending the service life of the tool.

[0067] Compared with comparative example 4, after adding the stabilizer, the maximum tool wear and the surface roughness of the workpiece are significantly reduced in Example 3. This is because the carrageenan in the stabilizer helps to form a lubricating film between the tool and the workpiece, reducing friction and heat generation. Polyacrylamide has good water retention and lubricity, which can further enhance the lubrication effect, reduce cutting force, and thus reduce tool wear. Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose improves the adhesion and durability of the lubricant, ensuring continuous lubrication during the machining process, thereby significantly reducing the friction coefficient between the tool and the workpiece. Due to the reduction of friction and heat between the tool and the workpiece, the quality of the machined surface of the workpiece is significantly improved, and a smoother machined surface is obtained. And after adding the stabilizer, the cutting fluid is ensured to be uniform and stable during the machining process, avoiding the adverse effects of uneven distribution of the cutting fluid on the machined surface. It can be seen that carrageenan, polyacrylamide, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose work synergistically through different mechanisms to reduce tool wear and improve workpiece machining quality.

[0068] By comparing Example 3 with Comparative Example 5, it can be seen that carrageenan in the stabilizer is indispensable. The effect of the stabilizer is greatly reduced without carrageenan.

[0069] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully synthetic titanium alloy cutting fluid, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55-60 parts of deionized water, 22-26 parts of sulfonate type ionic liquid, 7-9 parts of extreme pressure additive, 4.5-5.5 parts of rust inhibitor, 2.5-3.0 parts of catalase, 1.2-1.6 parts of antibacterial agent, 1.2-1.6 parts of stabilizer and 1.0-1.5 parts of defoaming agent.

2. A fully synthetic titanium alloy cutting fluid as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The sulfonate type ionic liquid is prepared by the following method: adding pyridine into a round-bottom flask, dripping sultone into the pyridine, wherein the volume ratio of the pyridine to the sultone is 1.0:(0.8-1.0), stirring at 200-400 r / min and heating at 60-80° C., continuously stirring and heating for 2-3 hours, filtering and removing solid matter with a 100-200 mesh sieve after the reaction is completed to obtain a crude product, washing the crude product with ether in an amount of 1-3 times the volume of the crude product, washing 2-3 times, and obtaining a sulfonate type ionic liquid.

3. A fully synthetic titanium alloy cutting fluid as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The sultone is 1,3-propane sultone or 1,4-butane sultone.

4. A fully synthetic titanium alloy cutting fluid as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The extreme pressure additive is a combination of at least two of sulfided isobutylene, phosphate, triethanolamine borate, and dibutyltin dilaurate.

5. A fully synthetic titanium alloy cutting fluid as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The rust inhibitor is one or a combination of sodium benzoate, sodium nitrite, sodium molybdate, ammonium molybdate, zinc sulfate, triethanolamine, ammonium borate, sodium borate, potassium borate, sodium silicate, and sodium silicate.

6. A fully synthetic titanium alloy cutting fluid as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The antibacterial agent is one of methylisothiazolinone, benzisothiazolinone, phenoxyethanol and polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride.

7. A fully synthetic titanium alloy cutting fluid as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The stabilizer is composed of carrageenan, polyacrylamide and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in a mass ratio of (1.0-3.0):(0.5-1.5):(0.5-1.5).

8. A fully synthetic titanium alloy cutting fluid as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The defoaming agent is one of polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, ethanol, isopropanol, silicone amide and polysilicone amide.

9. The method for preparing a fully synthetic titanium alloy cutting fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, weigh each raw material by weight; S2, adding deionized water and sulfonate type ionic liquid into the reaction kettle, stirring and mixing evenly to obtain a mixed solution I; S3, adding extreme pressure additives, rust inhibitors, catalase, antibacterial agents, and defoaming agents to the mixed solution I, stirring and mixing evenly to obtain a mixed solution II; S4. Add a stabilizer to the mixed liquid II, stir and mix evenly to obtain a fully synthetic titanium alloy cutting fluid.

10. The method for preparing a fully synthetic titanium alloy cutting fluid according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the S2, the stirring speed is 100-200 r / min and the stirring time is 3-5 min. In the S3, the stirring speed is 200-300 r / min and the stirring time is 15-20 min. In the S4, the stirring speed is 150-250 r / min and the stirring time is 4-6 min.

Images