Building integrated photovoltaic panel curtain wall installation construction method

Abstract

The invention provides a building integrated photovoltaic panel curtain wall installation construction method, and belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic panel curtain wall construction, and the building integrated photovoltaic panel curtain wall installation construction method comprises the steps that the surface of an embedded part is cleaned; a three-dimensional coordinate control system is used for measuring, setting out and positioning; a heat insulation cushion block is installed between the consolidation piece and the adapter piece, and foam glue is applied in a gap to insulate heat loss; mounting and adjusting the adapting piece, and firmly positioning and connecting the adapting piece and the consolidation piece; the vertical keels and the transverse keels are installed and connected in a welding mode; constructing a thermal insulation layer, and fixing the fiber felt composite rock wool board by using a special thermal bridge breaking rock wool anchor bolt; cement boards are installed and fixed, and weather-proof sealant is injected into joints; a photovoltaic curtain wall system rooting supporting steel framework is installed, and the optimal supporting structure layout is calculated through an optimization algorithm so that the stability and the bearing capacity of the whole structure can be ensured; a photovoltaic panel unit plate is installed, a photovoltaic panel circuit and a control device are connected, system debugging is carried out, and the problem that in the prior art, the optimization degree is not enough due to experience is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic panel curtain wall construction, and in particular relates to a building-integrated photovoltaic panel curtain wall installation construction method. Background Art

[0002] Building-integrated photovoltaic curtain wall technology is an important development direction in the field of green buildings in recent years. Compared with traditional exterior wall decoration methods, photovoltaic curtain walls can achieve energy self-sufficiency on the building's surface while meeting the architectural aesthetic requirements. Specifically, photovoltaic curtain walls are composed of photovoltaic cell modules installed on metal or glass substrates. By directly converting solar energy into electrical energy, they can provide part or even all of the electricity required for buildings. This not only reduces the energy consumption of buildings and reduces carbon emissions, but also outputs a certain amount of clean electricity to the power grid, alleviating the contradiction between supply and demand of the power grid to a certain extent.

[0003] At the same time, photovoltaic curtain walls also have good thermal insulation properties, which can effectively block the heat exchange between indoors and outdoors, thereby reducing the heating and cooling load of buildings and further improving energy efficiency. In addition, the glass or metal materials used in photovoltaic curtain walls can also enhance the wind pressure resistance and waterproof performance of the building's exterior walls, thereby improving the overall service life of the building. Therefore, photovoltaic curtain wall technology not only has the advantages of energy saving and environmental protection, but also can improve the overall performance of buildings, and has received widespread attention and application in the construction industry.

[0004] However, the existing photovoltaic curtain wall installation and construction technology still has some problems that need to be solved. For example, the connection method between the photovoltaic curtain wall system and the main structure of the building is complicated, and it is necessary to accurately locate and reliably connect the embedded parts, adapters, keels and other multi-level structures, which requires high construction accuracy. When designing the photovoltaic curtain wall support structure, construction personnel often rely on experience to set the number, position, angle and connection method of the support parts. The photovoltaic curtain wall support structure obtained is often not comprehensive enough, resulting in insufficient optimization. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a building-integrated photovoltaic panel curtain wall installation construction method, which can solve the problem that current construction personnel often rely on experience to set the number, position, angle and connection method of support parts when designing the photovoltaic curtain wall support structure, resulting in insufficient optimization.

[0006] The present invention is achieved in that:

[0007] The present invention provides a building-integrated photovoltaic panel curtain wall installation construction method, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S10. Clean the surface of embedded parts to ensure that the surface is clean and tidy;

[0009] S20, use a three-dimensional coordinate control system to measure and position the lines to ensure installation accuracy and photovoltaic panel plane control requirements;

[0010] S30, installing a heat-insulating pad between the fixing member and the adapter, and applying foam glue in the gap to isolate heat loss;

[0011] S40, installing and adjusting the adapter, and firmly positioning and connecting the adapter and the fixing member;

[0012] S50, install vertical keels and transverse keels, use laser theodolite to accurately locate them, and connect them by welding;

[0013] S60, construct the insulation layer and use special thermal insulation rock wool anchor bolts to fix the fiber felt composite rock wool board;

[0014] S70. Install and fix the cement board and inject weather-resistant glue at the joints;

[0015] S80, install the photovoltaic curtain wall system root support steel frame, and use optimization algorithms to calculate the best support structure layout to ensure the stability and bearing capacity of the overall structure;

[0016] S90, install photovoltaic panel unit plates, connect photovoltaic panel lines and control equipment, and perform system debugging.

[0017] On the basis of the above technical solution, the building integrated photovoltaic panel curtain wall installation construction method of the present invention can also be improved as follows:

[0018] The step of using an optimization algorithm to calculate the optimal support structure layout specifically includes:

[0019] S81. Establish a parametric model of the support structure;

[0020] S82, defining an optimization objective function of the parameterized model;

[0021] S83, determining the constraint conditions of the parameterized model;

[0022] S84, generating a series of candidate support structure layout solutions according to the preset basic layout solution;

[0023] S85. Perform finite element analysis on each candidate support structure layout scheme to calculate its structural response under different load conditions; evaluate the fitness of each candidate scheme according to the objective function and constraint conditions, and iteratively optimize the layout through the particle swarm optimization algorithm;

[0024] S86. Complete the iteration and output the optimal support structure layout plan.

[0025] Furthermore, the parametric model includes geometric dimensions, material properties and connection methods of the supporting steel frame.

[0026] Furthermore, the optimization objective function comprehensively considers the structure weight, material cost, installation difficulty and photovoltaic panel coverage area.

[0027] Furthermore, the constraints include structural strength requirements, deformation limits and stability standards.

[0028] Furthermore, the method for generating a series of candidate support structure layout solutions adopts Latin hypercube sampling.

[0029] Furthermore, the layout plan includes the number, position, angle and connection method of the supporting steel frames.

[0030] The optimization objective function is specifically expressed as follows:

[0031]

[0032] Where F is the objective function value, the smaller the better; M is the total weight of the structure; C is the total material cost; D is the installation difficulty coefficient; A is the coverage area of ​​the photovoltaic panel; M max , C max , D max , A max are the maximum allowable values ​​of each indicator; w1, w2, w3, w4 are weight coefficients, satisfying ε is the error term.

[0033] The constraints are specifically expressed as follows:

[0034] 1. Structural strength constraints:

[0035] σ max ≤[σ];

[0036] In the formula, σ max is the maximum stress; [σ] is the allowable stress.

[0037] 2. Deformation limit constraints:

[0038] δ max ≤[δ];

[0039] In the formula, δ max is the maximum deformation; [δ] is the allowable deformation.

[0040] 3. Stability constraints:

[0041] λ min ≥[λ];

[0042] In the formula, λ minis the minimum eigenvalue; [λ] is the critical eigenvalue required for stability.

[0043] The fitness function of the candidate solution is specifically expressed as follows:

[0044]

[0045] In the formula, Fitness is the fitness value; F is the objective function value; p i is the penalty factor; g i (x) is the degree of violation of the i-th constraint; n is the total number of constraints.

[0046] The parameter acquisition method is:

[0047] M is calculated by the following steps:

[0048] Step 1: Calculate the volume V of each component i ;

[0049] Step 2: Calculate the total weight

[0050] In the formula, ρ i is the material density of the i-th component; k is the total number of components.

[0051] C is calculated by the following steps:

[0052] Step 1: Calculate the amount of each material Q j ;

[0053] Step 2: Calculate total cost

[0054] Where P j is the unit price of the jth material; m is the number of material types.

[0055] D is calculated using the following formula:

[0056] D = α1N + α2θ + α3L + β;

[0057] Where N is the number of supporting steel frames; θ is the maximum inclination angle of the supporting steel frame; L is the length of the longest member; α1, α2, α3 are coefficients; β is a constant term.

[0058] A is calculated by the following steps:

[0059] Step 1: Calculate the effective area S of each photovoltaic panel i ;

[0060] Step 2: Calculate the total coverage area

[0061] Where p is the total number of photovoltaic panels.

[0062] σ max ,δ max and λ min It is obtained through finite element analysis. The specific steps are as follows:

[0063] Step 1: Establish finite element model;

[0064] Step 2: Apply boundary conditions and loads;

[0065] Step 3: Solve the linear statics equation [K]{u}={F};

[0066] Where [K] is the stiffness matrix; {u} is the node displacement vector; and {F} is the node force vector.

[0067] Step 4: Calculate stresses, deformations, and eigenvalues.

[0068] Specifically, the step S10, cleaning the surface of the embedded part to ensure that the surface is clean and tidy, specifically includes:

[0069] Step 101: Use a high-pressure water gun to wash the surface of the embedded parts at a water pressure of not less than 3 MPa to remove impurities, oil stains, etc. on the surface to make the surface clean and tidy.

[0070] Step 102: Use a grinding machine or a grinder to grind the surface of the embedded part to remove surface protrusions, rust, etc., so that the surface roughness is less than Ra3.2μm.

[0071] Step 103. After polishing, carefully wipe the surface of the embedded part with a dry cloth or rag to ensure that there is no residue and the surface cleanliness meets the "Level 1" requirement of the national standard GB / T 13410-2013.

[0072] Specifically, the step S20 uses a three-dimensional coordinate control system to measure and position the lines to ensure installation accuracy and photovoltaic panel plane control requirements, specifically including:

[0073] Step 201: Use a three-dimensional laser rangefinder to measure the three-dimensional coordinates of the spatial position of the embedded part to obtain its three-dimensional coordinate value, and the measurement accuracy is controlled within ±1mm.

[0074] Step 202: Draw a three-dimensional model using CAD software according to the design drawing, and import the measured coordinate information of the embedded parts into the model. Calculate the relative position relationship between the embedded parts using the measurement tools in the CAD software, and compare and analyze with the design requirements to ensure that the installation position meets the design requirements.

[0075] Step 203: During the actual installation process, a laser theodolite is used to perform positioning and laying out at the construction site to ensure that the installation position accuracy of the adapter and the embedded parts is not less than ±2 mm.

[0076] Specifically, the step S30, installing a heat insulating pad between the fixing member and the adapter, and applying foam glue in the gap to isolate heat loss, specifically includes:

[0077] Step 301: Evenly apply high temperature resistant silicone glue on the contact surface of the fixing part and the adapter, with the thickness controlled at 2-3 mm.

[0078] Step 302: On the basis of applying silicone glue, place a high-density rubber-plastic insulation pad with a thickness of 10 mm. The thermal conductivity of the insulation pad should be less than 0.035 W / (m·K).

[0079] Step 303: Inject low-modulus polyurethane foam glue into the gap between the thermal insulation pad and the consolidation part and the adapter to effectively block heat loss in the gap.

[0080] Specifically, the step S40, installing and adjusting the adapter to position and firmly connect the adapter and the fixing member, specifically includes:

[0081] Step 401: first align the adapter with the embedded fixing part, and use a measuring tool such as a dial indicator to check the flatness and verticality of the two to ensure that they meet the design requirements.

[0082] Step 402: Apply structural adhesive with a shear strength of not less than 10 MPa between the adapter and the fixing member, and use bolts with a strength grade of not less than 8.8 to connect and fix the two.

[0083] Step 403: Use a torque wrench to tighten the bolts one by one to ensure reliable connection. The bolt pre-tightening force should reach about 70% of its tensile strength.

[0084] Step 404, measure and record the actual position coordinates of the adapter after installation, compare with the design requirements, and control the error within ±2mm.

[0085] Specifically, the step S50, installing the vertical keel and the horizontal keel, using a laser theodolite to accurately position them, and connecting them by welding, specifically includes:

[0086] Step 501: According to the design requirements, the vertical and horizontal keel accessories are put in place, and a laser theodolite is used for precise positioning and laying out. The vertical keel spacing is controlled at 600-800mm, and the horizontal keel spacing is controlled at 800-1000mm.

[0087] Step 502: Use a CO2 welding machine to weld the intersection of the keel accessories. The weld length should not be less than 80 mm, the weld leg length should not be less than 6 mm, and the weld shape should be full and neat.

[0088] Step 503: Visually inspect the welding points to ensure that there are no defects such as cracks and slag inclusions. If necessary, the quality of the welds can be further tested by methods such as penetrant testing.

[0089] Step 504, measure and record the position and dimensions of the keel bracket after actual installation, ensuring that the deviation is within ±3 mm.

[0090] Specifically, the step S60, constructing the insulation layer, using a special thermal insulation rock wool anchor bolt to fix the fiber felt composite rock wool board, specifically includes:

[0091] Step 601: Select a fiber felt composite rock wool insulation board with a thickness of 100 mm and a thermal conductivity coefficient of no more than 0.038 W / (m·K).

[0092] Step 602: Install special thermal insulation rock wool anchor bolts on the surface of the keel bracket. The diameter of the anchor bolts shall not be less than 10 mm, and the pull-out force shall not be less than 0.8 kN. The spacing between the anchor bolts shall be controlled at 400-600 mm.

[0093] Step 603, align the insulation board with the anchor bolt position and fix it with a special plastic washer. After the insulation board is installed, its flatness deviation is controlled within ±3mm.

[0094] Step 604: Apply a layer of polymer waterproof coating with a thickness of 3-5 mm to the joints of the thermal insulation layer to ensure the waterproofness of the thermal insulation layer.

[0095] Specifically, the step S70, installing and fixing the cement board and injecting weather-resistant glue at the joints, specifically includes:

[0096] Step 701: Select a high-strength cement fiber board with a thickness of 12 mm and a bending strength of not less than 24 MPa.

[0097] Step 702: Use mechanical expansion bolts with a diameter of not less than 8 mm and a pull-out strength of not less than 1.2 kN to fix the cement board on the keel bracket, and control the bolt spacing to 400-600 mm.

[0098] Step 703: Use a high-elasticity weather-resistant sealant with an elongation of not less than 300% and good anti-aging performance to seal the joints of the cement board.

[0099] Step 704: Measure and record the flatness of the cement board after installation, and control the deviation within ±2 mm.

[0100] Specifically, the step S80, installing the photovoltaic curtain wall system root support steel frame, using an optimization algorithm to calculate the optimal support structure layout to ensure the stability and bearing capacity of the overall structure, specifically includes:

[0101] Step 801: Establish a parametric model including factors such as the geometric dimensions, material properties and connection methods of the supporting steel frame.

[0102] Step 802: Define the optimization objective function Comprehensively consider the structural weight M, material cost C, installation difficulty D and photovoltaic panel coverage area A.

[0103] Step 803: Determine the structural strength constraint σ max ≤[σ], deformation limit constraint δ max ≤[δ] and stability constraint λ min ≥[λ].

[0104] Step 804: Use the Latin hypercube sampling method to generate a series of candidate support structure layout solutions based on the preset basic layout.

[0105] Step 805: Perform finite element analysis on each candidate solution, calculate its structural response under different load conditions, and evaluate its fitness according to the objective function and constraint conditions.

[0106] Step 806: Use the particle swarm optimization algorithm to iteratively optimize the candidate solutions, and finally output the optimal support structure layout solution.

[0107] Specifically, the step S90, installing the photovoltaic panel unit plate, connecting the photovoltaic panel circuit and the control device, and performing system debugging, specifically includes:

[0108] Step 901: Align the photovoltaic panel unit with the installation position of the supporting steel frame and securely fix it with a special clamp, with the installation deviation controlled within ±5mm.

[0109] Step 902: According to the design requirements, the DC lines, AC combiner boxes, inverters and other electrical equipment between the photovoltaic panel units are connected. The electrical connection should comply with the GB / T19939-2005 standard.

[0110] Step 903: Use professional testing instruments to test the open circuit voltage, short circuit current, maximum power point voltage and current of the photovoltaic panel unit to ensure that all parameters meet the design specifications.

[0111] Step 904: Jointly debug the entire photovoltaic curtain wall system, including the monitoring system, lightning protection system, grounding system, etc., to ensure that all components of the system work in coordination and meet the design requirements.

[0112] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the building integrated photovoltaic panel curtain wall installation construction method provided by the present invention are:

[0113] First, in terms of the installation and positioning of the curtain wall system, the present invention uses three-dimensional coordinate measurement technology to accurately locate the installation positions of embedded parts and adapters, ensuring the overall flatness and installation accuracy of the curtain wall. This not only improves the construction quality, but also greatly simplifies the on-site debugging process and improves construction efficiency. At the same time, thermal insulation pads and foam glue fillings are set between the consolidation parts and the adapters, which effectively reduces the transfer of heat in the structure and improves the overall thermal insulation performance of the curtain wall.

[0114] Secondly, in terms of the installation of the insulation layer, the present invention uses a dedicated thermal break anchor bolt to fix the insulation board, which not only ensures the firmness of the insulation layer, but also minimizes the obstruction of the photovoltaic panel coverage area. This insulation construction method not only ensures the overall insulation effect of the building, but also ensures the efficient operation of the photovoltaic power generation system.

[0115] Furthermore, in terms of design optimization of the supporting structure, the present invention proposes a method based on a parametric model and an optimization algorithm. This method comprehensively considers multiple factors such as structural weight, material cost, installation difficulty, and photovoltaic panel coverage area, and outputs the optimal supporting structure layout plan that meets the strength, deformation, and stability constraints through Latin hypercube sampling and particle swarm optimization algorithms. This ensures the reliability and durability of the entire curtain wall system, while also maximizing the effective area of ​​photovoltaic power generation.

[0116] In general, the construction method proposed in the present invention has made innovations in many aspects, such as installation accuracy, thermal insulation performance, and support structure optimization, effectively solving key problems existing in the existing photovoltaic curtain wall construction and greatly improving the overall performance of the photovoltaic curtain wall system. It solves the problem that current construction personnel often rely on experience to set the number, position, angle, and connection method of the support parts when designing the photovoltaic curtain wall support structure, which results in insufficient optimization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0117] Figure 1 A flow chart of the method provided by the present invention;

[0118] Figure 2 Flowchart for calculating the best support structure layout using an optimization algorithm; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0119] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0120] like Figure 1 As shown, it is a flow chart of a building integrated photovoltaic panel curtain wall installation construction method provided by the present invention, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0121] S10. Clean the surface of embedded parts to ensure that the surface is clean and tidy;

[0122] S20, use a three-dimensional coordinate control system to measure and position the lines to ensure installation accuracy and photovoltaic panel plane control requirements;

[0123] S30, installing a heat-insulating pad between the fixing member and the adapter, and applying foam glue in the gap to isolate heat loss;

[0124] S40, installing and adjusting the adapter, and firmly positioning and connecting the adapter and the fixing member;

[0125] S50, install vertical keels and transverse keels, use laser theodolite to accurately locate them, and connect them by welding;

[0126] S60, construct the insulation layer and use special thermal insulation rock wool anchor bolts to fix the fiber felt composite rock wool board;

[0127] S70. Install and fix the cement board and inject weather-resistant glue at the joints;

[0128] S80, install the photovoltaic curtain wall system root support steel frame, and use optimization algorithms to calculate the best support structure layout to ensure the stability and bearing capacity of the overall structure;

[0129] S90, install photovoltaic panel unit plates, connect photovoltaic panel lines and control equipment, and perform system debugging.

[0130] The specific implementation methods of the above steps are described in detail below:

[0131] Step S10, cleaning the surface of the embedded part to ensure that the surface is clean and tidy:

[0132] The purpose of this step is to ensure that the surface of the embedded parts is clean and smooth so that the subsequent installation work can proceed smoothly. The specific implementation method includes:

[0133] 1) Use a high-pressure water gun to wash the surface of the embedded parts to remove impurities, oil stains, etc. The flushing water pressure should not be less than 3MPa to ensure that the surface is clean and tidy.

[0134] 2) Use a grinding machine or grinder to grind the surface of the embedded parts to remove surface protrusions, rust, etc. After grinding, the surface roughness should be less than Ra3.2μm.

[0135] 3) After grinding, carefully wipe the surface of the embedded part with a dry cloth or rag to ensure that there is no residue. The surface cleanliness should meet the requirements of "Level 1" in the national standard GB / T 13410-2013.

[0136] Step S20, using a three-dimensional coordinate control system to measure and position the lines to ensure installation accuracy and photovoltaic panel plane control requirements:

[0137] The purpose of this step is to use a three-dimensional coordinate measurement system to accurately locate the installation position and ensure the overall flatness and installation accuracy of the photovoltaic panel curtain wall installation. The specific implementation method includes:

[0138] 1) Use a three-dimensional laser rangefinder to measure the spatial position of the embedded parts in three dimensions and obtain their three-dimensional coordinate values. The measurement accuracy should be controlled within ±1mm.

[0139] 2) According to the photovoltaic panel curtain wall design drawings, use CAD software to draw a three-dimensional model, and import the measured embedded parts coordinate information into the model.

[0140] 3) Use the measurement tools in the CAD software to calculate the relative position relationship between the embedded parts, and compare and analyze with the design drawings to ensure that the installation position meets the design requirements. If there is any deviation, the installation position of the embedded parts can be adjusted appropriately.

[0141] 4) During the actual installation process, a laser theodolite is used to carry out positioning and laying out at the construction site to ensure that the installation position accuracy of the adapter and embedded parts is not less than ±2mm.

[0142] Step S30, installing a heat-insulating pad between the fixing member and the adapter, and applying foam glue in the gap to isolate heat loss:

[0143] The purpose of this step is to set a heat insulation layer between the fixing part and the adapter to reduce the heat conduction between the two, thereby reducing the structural deformation caused by temperature changes. The specific implementation method includes:

[0144] 1) Evenly apply high temperature resistant silicone glue on the contact surface of the fixing part and the adapter, with the thickness controlled at 2-3mm.

[0145] 2) On the basis of applying silicone glue, place a 10mm thick high-density rubber-plastic insulation pad to ensure the thermal insulation effect. The thermal conductivity of the insulation pad should be less than 0.035W / (m·K).

[0146] 3) Inject low modulus polyurethane foam glue into the gap between the thermal insulation pad and the consolidation parts and adapters. After the foam glue is cured, it can effectively block the loss of heat in the gap.

[0147] Step S40, installing and adjusting the adapter, positioning and firmly connecting the adapter and the fixing member:

[0148] The purpose of this step is to reliably connect the adapter with the embedded fixing parts, laying the foundation for the subsequent curtain wall installation. The specific implementation method includes:

[0149] 1) First align the adapter with the embedded fixing part, and use a dial indicator or other measuring tools to check the flatness and verticality of the two to ensure that they meet the design requirements.

[0150] 2) Apply structural adhesive between the adapter and the fixing part, and use bolts to connect and fix the two. The shear strength of the structural adhesive shall not be less than 10MPa, and the strength grade of the bolts shall not be less than 8.8.

[0151] 3) Use a torque wrench to tighten the bolts one by one to ensure a reliable connection. The bolt preload should reach about 70% of its tensile strength.

[0152] 4) Measure and record the actual position coordinates of the adapter after installation, compare them with the design requirements, and control the error within ±2mm.

[0153] Step S50, installing the vertical keel and the horizontal keel, using a laser theodolite to accurately locate them, and connecting them by welding:

[0154] The purpose of this step is to build the supporting frame of the curtain wall, laying the foundation for the subsequent installation of the insulation layer and photovoltaic panels. The specific implementation method includes:

[0155] 1) According to the design requirements, the vertical and horizontal keel accessories are placed in place, and the laser theodolite is used for precise positioning and laying out. The vertical keel spacing is controlled at 600-800mm, and the horizontal keel spacing is controlled at 800-1000mm.

[0156] 2) Use a CO2 welder to weld the intersection of the keel accessories. The weld length should not be less than 80mm, the weld leg length should not be less than 6mm, and the weld shape should be full and neat.

[0157] 3) Visually inspect the welding points to ensure that there are no defects such as cracks and slag inclusions. If necessary, use methods such as penetrant testing to further test the quality of the weld.

[0158] 4) Measure and record the actual position and dimensions of the keel bracket after installation, ensuring that the deviation is within ±3mm.

[0159] Step S60, construct the insulation layer, and use the special thermal insulation rock wool anchor bolts to fix the fiber felt composite rock wool board:

[0160] The purpose of this step is to install an insulation layer on the outside of the keel bracket to improve the overall thermal insulation performance of the curtain wall. The specific implementation method includes:

[0161] 1) Select a fiber felt composite rock wool insulation board with a thickness of 100 mm and a thermal conductivity coefficient of no more than 0.038 W / (m·K).

[0162] 2) Special thermal insulation rock wool anchor bolts are installed on the surface of the keel bracket, and the anchor bolt spacing is controlled at 400-600mm. The anchor bolt diameter is not less than 10mm, and its pull-out resistance should be not less than 0.8kN.

[0163] 3) Align the insulation board with the anchor bolt and secure it with a special plastic washer. After the insulation board is installed, its flatness deviation should be controlled within ±3mm.

[0164] 4) Apply a layer of polymer waterproof coating with a thickness of 3-5mm to the joints of the insulation layer to ensure the waterproofness of the insulation layer.

[0165] Step S70, install and fix the cement board, and inject weather-resistant glue at the joints:

[0166] The purpose of this step is to install cement board on the outside of the insulation layer to provide a flat and solid support base for the subsequent photovoltaic panel installation. The specific implementation method includes:

[0167] 1) Select high-strength cement fiber board with a thickness of 12mm and a bending strength of not less than 24MPa.

[0168] 2) Use mechanical expansion bolts to fix the cement board to the keel bracket, and the bolt spacing should be controlled at 400-600mm. The bolt diameter should not be less than 8mm, and its pull-out strength should not be less than 1.2kN.

[0169] 3) Use high elastic weather-resistant sealant to seal the joints of cement boards. The elongation of the sealant should not be less than 300%, and it has good anti-aging performance.

[0170] 4) Measure and record the flatness of the cement board after installation, and the deviation should be controlled within ±2mm.

[0171] Step S80, install the photovoltaic curtain wall system root support steel frame, and use the optimization algorithm to calculate the optimal support structure layout to ensure the stability and bearing capacity of the overall structure:

[0172] The purpose of this step is to design a supporting steel frame layout that meets the structural strength and stability requirements and maximizes the coverage area of ​​the photovoltaic panels. The specific implementation method includes:

[0173] Step 81-Build a parametric model of the support structure:

[0174] 1) The geometric dimensions (length, cross-sectional shape, thickness, etc.), material properties (elastic modulus, yield strength, etc.) of the supporting steel frame, and the connection methods between the components (welding, bolts, etc.) are incorporated into the parametric model.

[0175] 2) The layout of the supporting steel frame, such as the number, position, and inclination angle of the supports, are also included in the model as variable parameters.

[0176] Step 82-Define the optimization objective function:

[0177] The optimization objective function F takes into account four factors: structure weight M, material cost C, installation difficulty D, and photovoltaic panel coverage area A. The expression is as follows:

[0178]

[0179] In the formula, w1, w2, w3, and w4 are the weight coefficients of the corresponding indicators, satisfying ε is the error term. The goal is to minimize the F value.

[0180] Step 83-Determine optimization constraints:

[0181] 1) Structural strength constraint: σ max ≤[σ], where σ max is the maximum stress, and [σ] is the allowable stress.

[0182] 2) Deformation limit constraint: δ max ≤[δ], where δ max is the maximum deformation, and [δ] is the allowable deformation.

[0183] 3) Stability constraint: λ min ≥[λ], where λ min is the minimum eigenvalue, and [λ] is the critical eigenvalue.

[0184] Step 84 - Generate candidate solutions:

[0185] The Latin hypercube sampling method is used to generate a series of candidate support structure layout schemes based on the preset basic layout scheme, including parameters such as the number, position, angle and connection method of supports.

[0186] Step 85 - Evaluate Candidate Solutions:

[0187] Finite element analysis is performed on each candidate solution to calculate its structural response indicators under different load conditions, such as stress σ max , deformation δ max and eigenvalue λ min wait.

[0188] According to the optimization objective function F and constraint condition g i (x), calculate the fitness function Fitness of each candidate solution:

[0189]

[0190] Among them, p i is the penalty factor for the i-th constraint.

[0191] Step 86 - Iterative Optimization:

[0192] The particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to iteratively optimize the candidate solutions until convergence to obtain the optimal support structure layout solution.

[0193] Step S90, install the photovoltaic panel unit plate, connect the photovoltaic panel circuit and control equipment, and perform system debugging:

[0194] The purpose of this step is to install the photovoltaic panel unit on the pre-built support structure and complete the electrical connection and debugging of the entire photovoltaic curtain wall system. The specific implementation method includes:

[0195] 1) Align the photovoltaic panel unit with the installation position of the supporting steel frame and secure it with a special clamp. The installation deviation of the photovoltaic panel should be controlled within ±5mm.

[0196] 2) According to the design requirements, connect the DC lines, AC combiner boxes, inverters and other electrical equipment between the photovoltaic panel units. The electrical connection should comply with the GB / T19939-2005 standard.

[0197] 3) Use professional testing instruments to test the open circuit voltage, short circuit current, maximum power point voltage and current of the photovoltaic panel unit to ensure that all parameters meet the design indicators.

[0198] 4) Jointly debug the entire photovoltaic curtain wall system, including the monitoring system, lightning protection system, grounding system, etc., to ensure that all components of the system work in coordination and meet the design requirements.

[0199] In summary, the construction method of the present invention realizes the installation and construction of a building-integrated photovoltaic panel curtain wall through multiple specific steps, from pre-embedded parts surface cleaning, installation positioning, thermal insulation, skeleton construction, insulation layer construction, curtain wall installation to photovoltaic system debugging. It involves technical means such as three-dimensional coordinate measurement and optimization algorithm design to ensure the overall installation quality and structural performance. The entire construction process is carried out strictly in accordance with the design requirements, and all parameters and deviations are clearly controlled, which can effectively ensure the stability and reliability of the photovoltaic curtain wall system.

[0200] Specifically, the principle of the present invention is:

[0201] 1. Use three-dimensional coordinate measurement technology to achieve precise installation: The installation of the photovoltaic curtain wall system requires precise positioning and connection between multiple components such as embedded parts, adapters, and keels, which requires high construction accuracy. The present invention uses a three-dimensional laser rangefinder to measure the spatial position of the embedded parts in three dimensions, and imports the measurement data into the CAD model for analysis and comparison to ensure that the installation position meets the design requirements. In the actual installation process, a laser theodolite is also used for precise positioning and laying out to ensure that the installation deviation of each component is within ±2mm. This three-dimensional coordinate control technology ensures the installation accuracy and flatness of the entire curtain wall system, laying the foundation for the subsequent installation of the insulation layer and supporting structure.

[0202] 2. Use thermal insulation design to improve overall thermal insulation performance: In order to improve the overall thermal insulation performance of the photovoltaic curtain wall, the present invention sets a thermal insulation pad between the consolidation part and the adapter, and injects foam glue into the gap. This design can not only effectively block the conduction of heat in the structure, but also avoid structural deformation caused by temperature changes. In addition, a high-performance fiber felt composite rock wool insulation board is installed on the outside of the keel bracket and fixed with a special thermal insulation bridge anchor bolt. This insulation layer design not only minimizes the obstruction of the photovoltaic panel area, but also ensures a good thermal insulation effect for the entire building. It is an optimized design that takes into account both thermal insulation performance and power generation efficiency.

[0203] 3. Use optimization algorithm to design support structure layout: The support structure design of photovoltaic curtain wall is a multi-objective optimization problem, which requires seeking the best balance between factors such as structural strength, stability, material cost and installation difficulty. The present invention proposes a support structure design method based on parametric model and optimization algorithm. First, a parametric model including factors such as geometric dimensions, material properties and connection methods is established, and an optimization objective function that comprehensively considers the above multiple factors is defined. Then, a series of candidate schemes are generated by Latin hypercube sampling method, and the structural response index of each scheme is calculated by finite element analysis to evaluate its fitness. Finally, the candidate schemes are iteratively optimized by particle swarm optimization algorithm, and the optimal support structure layout that meets the strength, deformation and stability constraints is obtained. This optimization design method fully considers the actual engineering needs and ensures the reliability and durability of the entire curtain wall system.

[0204] In summary, the building-integrated photovoltaic panel curtain wall installation and construction method proposed in the present invention makes full use of key technologies such as three-dimensional coordinate measurement, thermal insulation design, and support structure optimization, and solves the problems of precision control, thermal insulation performance, and structural design existing in the existing photovoltaic curtain wall construction.

[0205] In order to better understand and implement the present invention, a specific embodiment 1 of the steps of using the optimization algorithm to calculate the optimal support structure layout in the present invention is provided below. Each step in this embodiment 1 is described in detail as follows:

[0206] Step S81: Establish a parametric model of the support structure:

[0207] The purpose of this step is to fully incorporate factors such as the geometric dimensions, material properties and connection methods of the supporting steel frame into the parametric model, laying the foundation for subsequent optimization calculations.

[0208] Specifically, the parameterized model includes the following main parameters:

[0209] 1) Geometric dimensions of the supporting steel frame, such as length L, cross-sectional shape (such as width b and height h of a rectangular cross-section), and thickness t.

[0210] 2) Material properties of the supporting steel frame, such as elastic modulus E, yield strength σ y , density ρ, etc.

[0211] 3) The connection method between the supporting steel frame and other components, such as welding, bolt connection or other methods. For welded connections, the cross-sectional area of ​​the weld needs to be considered. w , weld length l w For bolt connections, the bolt diameter d b , length l b 、Number n b And other parameters.

[0212] The above geometric dimensions, material properties and connection parameters are uniformly organized into a parametric model, which can be expressed in the following matrix form:

[0213]

[0214] Among them, X is a parameter vector, which includes all the design parameters of the supporting steel frame. In the subsequent optimization calculation, these parameters are solved and optimized.

[0215] Step S82-Define the optimization objective function:

[0216] The purpose of this step is to establish an optimization objective function F that comprehensively considers factors such as structural weight, material cost, installation difficulty, and photovoltaic panel coverage area, providing a basis for subsequent optimization calculations.

[0217] The specific expression of the optimization objective function F is as follows:

[0218]

[0219] Where: M is the total weight of the support structure; C is the total material cost of the support structure; D is the installation difficulty coefficient of the support structure; A is the total coverage area of ​​the photovoltaic panel; M max , C max , D max , A max are the maximum allowable values ​​of each indicator; w1, w2, w3, w4 are the weight coefficients of the corresponding indicators, satisfying ε is the error term.

[0220] The goal is to minimize the F value, that is, to minimize the structural weight and material cost while increasing the coverage area of ​​​​the photovoltaic panels while meeting various constraints.

[0221] Next, we will analyze the calculation methods of various indicators in detail:

[0222] 1) Calculation of structural weight M:

[0223]

[0224] In the formula, ρ i is the material density of the i-th component, V i is the volume of the i-th component, and k is the total number of components.

[0225] 2) Calculation of material cost C:

[0226]

[0227] Where, P j is the unit price of the jth material, Q j is the amount of the jth material, and m is the number of material types.

[0228] 3) Calculation of installation difficulty coefficient D:

[0229] D = α1N + α2θ + α3L + β;

[0230] Where N is the number of supporting steel frames, θ is the maximum inclination angle of the supporting steel frame, L is the length of the longest member, α1, α2, α3 are coefficients, and β is a constant term.

[0231] 4) Calculation of photovoltaic panel coverage area A:

[0232]

[0233] In the formula, S i is the effective area of ​​the i-th photovoltaic panel, and p is the total number of photovoltaic panels.

[0234] In the calculation formulas of the above indicators, the variables and constants involved have clear physical meanings and calculation methods, which can provide a basis for subsequent optimization calculations.

[0235] Step S83-determine optimization constraints:

[0236] The purpose of this step is to propose constraints applicable to this optimization problem based on structural mechanics and stability theory to ensure that the designed support structure meets engineering requirements.

[0237] The main constraints include:

[0238] 1) Structural strength constraints:

[0239] σ max ≤[σ];

[0240] In the formula, σ max is the maximum equivalent stress in the supporting structure, and [σ] is the allowable stress of the material.

[0241] 2) Deformation limitation constraints:

[0242] δ max ≤[δ];

[0243] In the formula, δ max is the maximum displacement deformation in the supporting structure, and [δ] is the maximum allowable deformation.

[0244] 3) Stability constraints:

[0245] λ min ≥[λ];

[0246] In the formula, λ min is the minimum eigenvalue of the supporting structure, and [λ] is the critical eigenvalue required for structural stability.

[0247] The above three constraints ensure that the designed support structure meets the engineering load-bearing and use requirements from the three aspects of strength, deformation and stability. In the subsequent optimization calculation process, it is necessary to ensure that these constraints are met.

[0248] Step S84: Generate candidate support structure layout solutions:

[0249] The purpose of this step is to generate a series of candidate support structure layout schemes based on the preset basic layout scheme, including parameters such as the number, position, angle and connection method of supports, so as to provide options for subsequent optimization calculations.

[0250] Specifically, the Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) method can be used to generate candidate solutions. LHS is a probabilistic sampling method that can generate sample points more evenly in a multidimensional parameter space, avoiding the problem of uneven sample distribution that may occur in traditional random sampling.

[0251] Assume that the design parameter vector of the supporting structure is X = [x1, x2, ..., x n ] T , where n is the total number of parameters. For each parameter x i , define its value range as [a i ,b i ].

[0252] Using the LHS method, N sample points X1, X2, ..., X N ,in:

[0253] X k =[x1x,x 2k ,…,x nk ] T ,k=1,2,…,N;

[0254] Each sample point X k A candidate support structure layout plan includes all design parameters such as the number, position, angle and connection method of the supports.

[0255] The candidate solutions generated by this method can better cover the design parameter space and provide a wider range of choices for subsequent optimization calculations.

[0256] Step S85-Evaluate candidate support structure layout solutions:

[0257] The purpose of this step is to perform finite element analysis and fitness evaluation on each candidate solution generated in step S84, laying the foundation for subsequent optimization iterations.

[0258] Specifically, for each candidate solution X k , the following operations are required:

[0259] 1) Based on parameter X k , establish the corresponding finite element analysis model, including geometric model, material model, load conditions and boundary conditions.

[0260] 2) Numerical solution is performed on the finite element model to calculate the maximum stress σ in the structure max , maximum displacement δ max and the minimum eigenvalue λ min And other response indicators.

[0261] 3) Compare the above response indicators with the constraints of the optimization problem to determine whether the candidate solution meets the strength, deformation and stability requirements.

[0262] 4) According to the optimization objective function F and constraint g i (x), calculate the fitness function value Fitness of the candidate solution:

[0263]

[0264] Among them, p i is the penalty factor for the i-th constraint.

[0265] Through the above steps, the performance indicators of each candidate solution can be evaluated and its fitness value can be given. The larger the fitness value, the closer the solution is to the optimization goal and the more likely it is to become the final optimal solution.

[0266] Step S86: Iterative optimization to obtain the optimal support structure layout:

[0267] The purpose of this step is to use an optimization algorithm to iteratively optimize the candidate solutions evaluated in step S85, and ultimately obtain the optimal support structure layout solution that meets various constraints.

[0268] Here we can use the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm to solve the problem. PSO is a random optimization algorithm based on swarm intelligence, which searches for the optimal solution in a multi-dimensional parameter space by simulating the foraging behavior of bird flocks.

[0269] The specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0270] 1) Initialize the particle swarm. The N candidate solutions generated in step S84 are used as the initial particle swarm, and each particle corresponds to a support structure layout solution.

[0271] 2) Calculate the fitness value of each particle and record the current optimal particle p best And the global optimal particle g best .

[0272] 3) According to the update formula of the PSO algorithm, the position and velocity of each particle are updated iteratively:

[0273]

[0274] in, and are the velocity and position of the ith particle at the tth iteration, w is the inertia weight, c1 and c2 are the acceleration coefficients, and r1 and r2 are random numbers.

[0275] 4) During the iteration process, the current optimal particle p is continuously updated best and the global optimal particle g best .

[0276] 5) When the preset iteration termination condition (such as the maximum number of iterations or the convergence accuracy of the objective function) is reached, output g best The corresponding optimal support structure layout plan.

[0277] Through the iterative optimization of the above PSO algorithm, it is possible to ensure that, under the premise of meeting various constraints, the optimal support structure layout solution with the smallest structural weight and material cost and the largest photovoltaic panel coverage area is finally obtained. This provides the best support structure design for the subsequent curtain wall installation.

[0278] In order to further better understand and implement the present invention, Example 2 of a specific application scenario of the present invention is provided below: the total construction area of ​​a commercial complex is about 80,000 square meters, of which the coverage area of ​​the exterior wall photovoltaic curtain wall system is about 12,000 square meters.

[0279] The project started in June 2023 and was completed in March 2024. During the construction process, various technical measures of the present invention were effectively applied and achieved remarkable results. The specific situation is as follows:

[0280] 1. Surface cleaning of embedded parts

[0281] Before the curtain wall system was officially installed, the surface of the fixing parts embedded in the main structure was first cleaned thoroughly. The surface of the embedded parts was washed with a high-pressure water gun at a water pressure of 3.5MPa to remove impurities, oil stains, etc. on the surface. Subsequently, the surface of the embedded parts was polished with a grinder, and the surface roughness was controlled within Ra2.5μm. Finally, the surface of the embedded parts was carefully wiped with a dry cloth to ensure that there was no residue, and the surface cleanliness reached the "Level 1" requirement in GB / T 13410-2013. Through the above cleaning process, the surface of the embedded parts was ensured to be clean and tidy, laying the foundation for subsequent installation work.

[0282] 2. Three-dimensional coordinate measurement and positioning

[0283] After cleaning the surface of the embedded parts, the three-dimensional coordinate measurement and installation position determination were immediately carried out. First, the spatial position of the embedded consolidation parts was measured in detail using a three-dimensional laser rangefinder to obtain its three-dimensional coordinate information. The measurement accuracy was controlled at ±0.8mm. Subsequently, the measurement data was imported into the three-dimensional model in the CAD software, and the relative position relationship between the embedded parts was calculated using the measurement tools in the model. After comparison and analysis with the design drawings, it was found that the position of some embedded parts had a deviation of ±3mm. In response to this situation, the actual installation position of these embedded parts was adjusted in a timely manner to ensure that it met the design requirements.

[0284] During the on-site installation process, a laser theodolite was used to accurately position and lay out the various components of the curtain wall system. The installation position deviation of the adapter and the embedded consolidation parts was controlled within ±1.5mm, the installation spacing of the vertical keel was 750mm, and the installation spacing of the horizontal keel was 900mm, both meeting the requirements of the design drawings. The above-mentioned three-dimensional coordinate control technology ensures the installation accuracy and flatness of the entire curtain wall system.

[0285] 3. Application of thermal insulation pads and foam glue

[0286] In order to improve the overall thermal insulation performance of the curtain wall system, thermal insulation pads are installed between the consolidation parts and the adapters, and foam glue is filled in the gaps. The specific steps are as follows:

[0287] First, a 2-3mm thick high-temperature resistant silicone adhesive was applied to the contact surface of the consolidation part and the adapter. Then, a 12mm thick high-density rubber-plastic insulation pad was placed. The thermal conductivity of the insulation pad is 0.032W / (m·K).

[0288] Since there is a slight deviation between the hole position of the embedded consolidation part and the reserved hole of the thermal insulation pad, during the actual installation process, the thermal insulation pad is cut into four pieces along the center line of the reserved hole and fixed to the consolidation part with long bolts. In order to completely block the transfer of heat in the structure, low-modulus polyurethane foam glue is injected into the cutting gap and the gap between the consolidation part-thermal insulation pad and the thermal insulation pad-adapter.

[0289] The above insulation design not only effectively blocks the conduction of heat in the curtain wall structure, but also avoids structural deformation caused by temperature changes. At the same time, this approach also ensures the integrity and reliability of the entire insulation system.

[0290] 4. Installation of adapter and keel

[0291] The adapter used in this project is L-shaped steel. Two L-shaped steels are set at each connection point, and they are firmly connected to the embedded fixing parts through 4 sets of M12*70 stainless steel bolts. When installing the adapter, first use a dial indicator to check the flatness and verticality between it and the fixing part to ensure that it meets the design requirements. Then apply structural glue between the two, and use a torque wrench to pre-tighten the bolts to about 75% of their tensile strength. The actual deviation of the adapter installation position is controlled within ±1.8mm.

[0292] After the adapter was installed, the vertical and horizontal keels were installed immediately. The vertical main keel is made of 1002008mm square steel and connected to the adapter by double M12150 stainless steel bolts. The installation spacing of the vertical keel is 750mm, and its entry and exit positions are strictly positioned according to the design requirements. The horizontal keel is made of 6060*5mm square steel and is welded to the vertical keel using a CO2 welder. The weld height is greater than 6mm, meeting the design requirements. After welding, the keel is treated with anti-corrosion paint. The installation height of the horizontal keel is 1000mm, and it is accurately calibrated using a level.

[0293] Through the installation of the above-mentioned adapters and keels, not only the reliability of the entire curtain wall support structure is ensured, but also a solid foundation is laid for the subsequent installation of the insulation layer and photovoltaic panels.

[0294] 5. Construction of insulation layer

[0295] On the outside of the keel bracket, a 150mm thick fiber felt composite rock wool insulation board was used for the insulation layer. The thermal conductivity of the insulation board is 0.036W / (m·K). In order to ensure the firmness of the insulation board, a special thermal break rock wool anchor bolt was used for fixing. The anchor bolt diameter is 12mm, and its pull-out force is not less than 1.0kN. The installation spacing is controlled at 500mm. After the insulation board is installed, its flatness deviation is controlled within ±2.5mm.

[0296] At the adapter, the insulation layer is specially partitioned. Specifically, a pre-compression expansion sealing tape is wrapped around the adapter, and polyurethane waterproof sealant is injected into the gap to ensure the insulation effect of this part.

[0297] Through the design and construction of the above-mentioned insulation layer, on the one hand, the obstruction of the effective area of ​​the photovoltaic panels is minimized, and on the other hand, the overall thermal insulation performance of the entire curtain wall system is greatly improved.

[0298] 6. Installation of cement board

[0299] A 30mm thick fiber reinforced cement slab was installed on the outermost side of the insulation layer. The cement slab was fixed to the outer end surface of the vertical and horizontal steel keels with a spacing of 300mm using 6*45mm dovetail self-drilling nails. Weather-resistant polyurethane sealant was applied to the joints of the cement slab to ensure the sealing of the joints.

[0300] After the cement board was installed, its flatness deviation was controlled within ±1.8mm, meeting the design requirements. As the outermost decorative surface of the curtain wall, this cement board not only improves the overall aesthetics of the building, but also provides a flat and solid foundation for the subsequent installation of photovoltaic panels.

[0301] 7. Optimization design of supporting steel frame

[0302] In order to support the photovoltaic panel curtain wall system, a special steel frame was installed on the outside of the cement board. When designing this supporting structure, many factors were considered, including structural weight, material cost, installation difficulty, and photovoltaic panel coverage area.

[0303] Firstly, a parametric model including geometric dimensions, material properties and connection methods was established. Then, the optimization objective function F was defined which comprehensively considered the above four indicators:

[0304]

[0305] In the formula, M is the total weight, C is the total cost, D is the installation difficulty, A is the coverage area of ​​the photovoltaic panel, and the subscript " max " indicates the maximum allowable value of each indicator.

[0306] According to the preset foundation layout scheme, 50 candidate support structure schemes were generated by using the Latin hypercube sampling method. Finite element analysis was performed on each scheme to calculate its structural response under different load conditions, such as the maximum stress σ max , maximum deformation δ max and the minimum eigenvalue λ max Etc. Then, the fitness value of each scheme was evaluated according to the optimization objective function F and constraints.

[0307] Finally, the particle swarm optimization algorithm was used to iteratively select these candidate solutions, and finally the optimal support structure layout solution that meets the following constraints was output: max ≤180MPa;δ max ≤12mm;λ mi n ≥ 1.2;

[0308] The optimal solution uses a 100*200*8mm square tube keel. One end of the keel is welded from the column and rooted, 600mm outward, and an X-shaped support with a length of 1200mm and an angle of 150 degrees is welded on the other end. The total weight of the steel frame is 3.85 tons, the material cost is 225,000 yuan, the installation difficulty coefficient is 4.2, and the effective coverage area of ​​the photovoltaic panels is 11,480 square meters.

[0309] Through the above optimization design method, the entire curtain wall support structure is ensured to meet the requirements of strength, deformation and stability, while minimizing material consumption and installation difficulty, and maximizing the effective coverage area of ​​the photovoltaic panels. This lays a solid foundation for the subsequent installation of photovoltaic panels.

[0310] 8. Installation of photovoltaic panels

[0311] The photovoltaic glass used in this project is a double-glass film assembly of 5T+0.75PVB+0.321T+0.75PVB+5T, each with a size of 600*1200mm. First, these photovoltaic glasses were assembled on the ground with pre-processed and qualified aluminum alloy profiles to form a unit plate of two glasses. The splicing was fixed with hexagonal connection using stress bolts, and structural glue was injected into the gap. The assembled unit plates were hoisted by a 50-ton truck crane. There are two hoisting holes on the upper part of each unit plate to facilitate the hoisting operation. After hoisting in place, stress bolts were used to reliably connect it to the pre-installed X-shaped support steel frame.

[0312] After all the photovoltaic panel units were installed, the photovoltaic panel lines were immediately connected. From top to bottom, the DC lines, AC junction boxes, inverters and other equipment between the unit panels were uniformly wired. After the line connection was completed, waterproof plastic wire ducts were installed along the line to ensure the reliability of the line.

[0313] Finally, the entire photovoltaic curtain wall system was jointly debugged. First, professional testing instruments were used to detect the open circuit voltage, short circuit current, maximum power point voltage and current of each photovoltaic panel unit to ensure that all indicators met the design requirements. Then, auxiliary equipment such as the monitoring system, lightning protection system and grounding system were jointly debugged to ensure the coordinated and stable operation of the entire system. Through the above installation and debugging processes, the photovoltaic curtain wall system has achieved various performance indicators of the design.

[0314] In general, in the construction of this project, the various technical measures proposed in this invention were fully applied, and ideal construction effects were achieved in all aspects, including cleaning of embedded parts, three-dimensional measurement and positioning, thermal insulation design, support structure optimization, and photovoltaic panel installation. This not only ensures the installation quality of the entire curtain wall system and improves the thermal insulation performance, but also maximizes the effective coverage area of ​​the photovoltaic panels, making an important contribution to the green energy saving of the building.

[0315] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A building-integrated photovoltaic panel curtain wall installation construction method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S10. Clean the surface of embedded parts to ensure that the surface is clean and tidy; S20, use a three-dimensional coordinate control system to measure and position the lines to ensure installation accuracy and photovoltaic panel plane control requirements; S30, installing a heat-insulating pad between the fixing member and the adapter, and applying foam glue in the gap to isolate heat loss; S40, installing and adjusting the adapter, and firmly positioning and connecting the adapter and the fixing member; S50, install vertical keels and transverse keels, use laser theodolite to accurately locate them, and connect them by welding; S60, construct the insulation layer and use special thermal insulation rock wool anchor bolts to fix the fiber felt composite rock wool board; S70. Install and fix the cement board and inject weather-resistant glue at the joints; S80, install the photovoltaic curtain wall system root support steel frame, and use optimization algorithms to calculate the best support structure layout to ensure the stability and bearing capacity of the overall structure; S90, install photovoltaic panel unit plates, connect photovoltaic panel lines and control equipment, and perform system debugging.

2. A building-integrated photovoltaic panel curtain wall installation construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of using the optimization algorithm to calculate the optimal support structure layout specifically includes: S81. Establish a parametric model of the support structure; S82, defining an optimization objective function of the parameterized model; S83, determining the constraint conditions of the parameterized model; S84, generating a series of candidate support structure layout solutions according to the preset basic layout solution; S85. Perform finite element analysis on each candidate support structure layout scheme to calculate its structural response under different load conditions; evaluate the fitness of each candidate scheme according to the objective function and constraint conditions, and iteratively optimize the layout through the particle swarm optimization algorithm; S86. Complete the iteration and output the optimal support structure layout plan.

3. A building-integrated photovoltaic panel curtain wall installation construction method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The parametric model includes the geometric dimensions, material properties and connection methods of the supporting steel frame.

4. A building-integrated photovoltaic panel curtain wall installation construction method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The optimization objective function comprehensively considers the structure weight, material cost, installation difficulty and photovoltaic panel coverage area.

5. A building-integrated photovoltaic panel curtain wall installation construction method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The constraints include structural strength requirements, deformation limits and stability criteria.

6. A building-integrated photovoltaic panel curtain wall installation construction method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method for generating a series of candidate support structure layout solutions adopts Latin hypercube sampling.

7. A building-integrated photovoltaic panel curtain wall installation construction method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The layout plan includes the number, position, angle and connection method of the supporting steel frames.

8. A building-integrated photovoltaic panel curtain wall installation construction method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The optimization objective function is specifically expressed as follows: Where F is the objective function value, the smaller the better; M is the total weight of the structure; C is the total material cost; D is the installation difficulty coefficient; A is the coverage area of ​​the photovoltaic panel; M max , C max , D max , A max are the maximum allowable values ​​of each indicator; w1, w2, w3, w4 are weight coefficients, satisfying ε is the error term.

9. A building-integrated photovoltaic panel curtain wall installation construction method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The constraints are specifically expressed as follows: Structural strength constraints: s max ≤[σ]; In the formula, σ max is the maximum stress; [σ] is the allowable stress; Deformation Limit Constraints: d max ≤[δ]; In the formula, δ max is the maximum deformation; [δ] is the allowable deformation; Stability constraints: l min ≥[λ]; In the formula, λ min is the minimum eigenvalue; [λ] is the critical eigenvalue required for stability.

10. A building-integrated photovoltaic panel curtain wall installation construction method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The fitness function of the candidate solution is specifically expressed as follows: In the formula, Fitness is the fitness value; F is the objective function value; p i is the penalty factor; g i (x) is the degree of violation of the i-th constraint; n is the total number of constraints.

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