Reamer with repeated opening and closing function and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hole reaming devices, in particular to a hole reaming device with a multi-time opening and closing function and a using method thereof.The hole reaming device comprises a blade barrel and an opening and closing barrel which are vertically connected, a center pipe is fixedly installed in the blade barrel, and the outer wall of the center pipe is sleeved with a sliding sleeve in a vertical sliding mode; the sliding sleeves are used for driving the exteriors of the blades to extend and retract along the blade sliding grooves; a track upper sleeve and a track valve sleeve are sequentially arranged in the switch cylinder from top to bottom, the track upper sleeve is used for driving the sliding sleeve to move up and down, a pressing-down passing assembly is arranged in the track upper sleeve, and the pressing-down passing assembly drives the track upper sleeve to move downwards under the action of the ball and allows the ball to pass through after moving downwards; a reset assembly is arranged on the outer wall of the track valve sleeve and used for driving the track upper sleeve to move upwards to reset after the ball passes through the track valve sleeve. A height control assembly is arranged at the joint of the upper track sleeve and the track valve sleeve and used for controlling the upper track sleeve to be located at different heights after two adjacent times of upward movement and resetting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of eye reamer, and in particular to an eye reamer with multiple switching functions and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The hydraulic openers used in the market before all use a ball-throwing method to open and close the drilling reamer blades. When the activation ball is dropped, it falls into the hydraulic opener, driving related components to move downward, mud enters the blade push chamber, the internal pressure increases, pushing the blade open, and then reaming is performed; when the reaming work is about to be completed, the failure ball is thrown in, the ball falls into the hydraulic opener, driving another component to move downward, closing the channel for mud to enter the blade push chamber, and after there is no internal pressure in the push chamber, the blade is retracted into the body under the push of the return spring. This is a ball-throwing opening and closing process.

[0003] At present, the ball-dropping hydraulic reamer can only be used once. If it is used again, the used hydraulic reamer needs to be brought back to the wellhead, disassembled, and then replaced with a reamer of the same specification, or the used reamer needs to be disassembled and sent to a designated suitable location, disassembled, the two balls taken out, and then maintained and restored, and then sent back to the well to wait for the next reaming. This method is inefficient, with a large number of turnovers in the middle, and a lot of time, manpower and financial resources will be wasted in the process, which greatly affects the drilling oil production cycle.

[0004] There are two ways to open the blade of hydraulic reamer on the market. One is hinged blade opening, that is, the blade is divided into two sections, front and back, with a rotating shaft connecting them in the middle. After the two ends of the blade block are squeezed, the rotating shaft in the middle arches to open the blade. The problem with this method is that the rotating shaft is outside the body and participates in the work of some reaming functions. When encountering hard formations with excessive force or the influence of tiny particles of mud in the shaft, the rotating shaft is difficult to move and becomes stuck, causing the blade block to be unable to be retracted, or the blade cannot be opened to the specified size, affecting the reaming work and effect. Another way is sliding blade opening, that is, a protruding track similar to a guide rail is machined on the blade, and a track groove corresponding to the track is machined inside the corresponding body. The blade slides relative to the body to achieve the opening and closing of the blade. Due to the influence of the track slide structure, this mechanism has a long slide groove gap at the front and rear ends of the blade relative to the body. It is easy to accumulate mud and sand and gravel fragments at this gap, resulting in the opening or closing of the blade being blocked or not in place, or even unable to open, affecting the quality of reaming. Eye reaming is a common engineering technology in oil and gas field drilling and is widely used in narrow gap cementing, well wall shrinkage repair and other occasions. The hydraulic eye reamer is the main downhole tool for eye reaming operations. The hydraulic eye reamer used in eye reaming operations can realize eye reaming while drilling and eye reaming after drilling. Under normal circumstances, there is no problem with the eye reaming operation of the ball-dropping hydraulic eye reamer. However, for multiple eye reaming tasks, a single hydraulic eye reamer operation cannot be achieved. Multiple hydraulic eye reamers need to be prepared on the well, and each time a replacement is made, the used hydraulic eye reamer must be lifted out of the deep well and replaced at the wellhead. If there is a drill bit in the drilling tool combination that cannot pass through the ball, it cannot be used with the hydraulic eye reamer, and it is necessary to work separately downhole, which results in low efficiency, high cost and high risk in the drilling process. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an eye reamer with multiple switching functions and a method for using the same, so as to solve the problem that the current ball-throwing hydraulic eye reamer can only be used once. If it is used again, this method is inefficient, the number of turnovers in the middle is large, and a large amount of time, manpower and financial resources will be wasted in the process, which greatly affects the drilling oil production cycle.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the first technical solution adopted by the present invention is: The invention discloses an eye expander with multiple switching functions, comprising a knife wing cylinder and a switch cylinder connected up and down, a central tube is fixedly installed in the knife wing cylinder, and a sliding sleeve is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the central tube up and down, and a knife wing slot communicating with the outer side of the knife wing cylinder is obliquely arranged upward at the position corresponding to the sliding sleeve, and a knife wing is slidably arranged in the knife wing slot, and when the sliding sleeve moves upward and downward, it is used to drive the outer side of the knife wing to extend and retract along the knife wing slot respectively; a track upper sleeve and a track valve sleeve are sequentially arranged up and down in the switch cylinder, the track valve sleeve is fixedly installed, the track upper sleeve is used to drive the sliding sleeve to move up and down, and a downward pressure passing component is arranged in the track upper sleeve, and the downward pressure passing component drives the track upper sleeve to move downward under the action of a ball, and allows the ball to pass through after moving downward a certain distance; a reset component is arranged on the outer wall of the track valve sleeve, and the reset component is used to drive the track upper sleeve to move upward and reset after the ball passes; a height control component is arranged at the connection between the track upper sleeve and the track valve sleeve, and the height control component is used to control the track upper sleeve to be at different heights after two consecutive upward movements and resets.

[0007] A further technical solution is that the upper groove wall and the lower groove wall of the blade wing slide groove are arranged as a first inclined surface and a second inclined surface which are inclined upward from the inside to the outside and are parallel to each other, the upper end of the blade wing is arranged as a third inclined surface which slides in contact with the first inclined surface, and the lower end of the blade wing is arranged as a fourth inclined surface which slides in contact with the second inclined surface.

[0008] A further technical solution is that the height control component includes a single-head pin and a one-way trajectory groove surrounding the outer wall of the trajectory valve sleeve, the upper groove wall of the one-way trajectory groove is recessed upward to form a first peak area and a second peak area with different heights, and a plurality of the first peak area and the second peak area are arranged in sequence along the upper groove wall of the one-way trajectory groove, and the lower groove wall of the one-way trajectory groove protrudes upward at positions corresponding to the first peak area and the second peak area to form a first guide block and a second guide block in a triangular shape with different heights, the top of the first guide block is aligned with the left side wall of the first peak area, the top of the second guide block is aligned with the left side wall of the second peak area, and the lower left end of the second peak area is aligned with the right side wall of the first guide block. The lower right end of the second peak area is aligned with the right side wall of the second guide block, one end of the single-headed pin is connected to the inner wall of the track sleeve, and the other end is slidably arranged in the one-way track groove; the reset component includes a first spring, the first spring sleeve is arranged on the outer wall of the track valve sleeve, the lower end of the first spring is fixed, and the upper end is slidably fitted with the lower end of the track sleeve; the downward pressure component includes a double-headed pin and an annular groove, the annular groove is arranged on the inner wall of the switch cylinder near the upper end of the track valve sleeve, and the upper groove wall of the annular groove is inclined upward from the bottom of the groove to the groove mouth, and the track sleeve is provided with a first pin hole that passes through the inside and outside above the track valve sleeve, the double-headed pin is slidably arranged in the first pin hole, and the inner end of the double-headed pin is placed in the track sleeve.

[0009] A further technical solution is that a diverter valve is fixedly installed on the blade cylinder between the center tube and the track sleeve, the lower end of the center tube is fixedly connected to the diverter valve, the upper end of the track sleeve is slidably arranged in the diverter valve, a diverter flow hole penetrating inside and outside is arranged in the diverter valve, the lower end of the sliding sleeve is connected to a push sleeve, the push sleeve is arranged on the outer wall of the diverter valve, and a gap is left between the inner wall of the push sleeve and the outer wall of the diverter valve, when the single-head pin is placed in the second peak area, the upper end of the track sleeve is placed below the diverter flow hole, and when the single-head pin is placed in the first peak area, the outer wall of the track sleeve closes the diverter flow hole.

[0010] A further technical solution is that the lower end of the track valve sleeve is provided with a guide sleeve, the guide sleeve is provided with a guide hole connected to the lower end of the switch cylinder, and the inner wall of the track valve sleeve is provided with an inclined hole connected to the guide hole; the lower end of the first spring is connected to the top of the upper end of the guide sleeve; a limiting ring is provided on the inner wall of the lower end of the track valve sleeve; and the single-head pin is installed on the inner wall of the track upper sleeve through the second pin hole.

[0011] A further technical solution is that a first connecting groove is recessed on the outer wall of the sliding sleeve, a second connecting groove is recessed on the inner side of the blade wing, a push block is fixedly installed in the first connecting groove, and one end of the push block away from the bottom of the first connecting groove is slidably set in the second connecting groove.

[0012] A further technical solution is that the upper end of the center tube is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the blade wing cylinder through an upper locking sleeve, and the outer wall of the center tube is sleeved with a second spring, the upper end of the second spring is connected to the lower end of the upper locking sleeve, and the lower end of the second spring is connected to the upper end of the sliding sleeve.

[0013] A further technical solution is that the upper end of the sliding sleeve is connected to a limiting tube, a gap is left between the inner wall of the limiting tube and the center tube, the second spring is placed in the limiting tube, an adjusting ring is installed at the lower end of the upper locking sleeve, and the upper end of the second spring is connected to the top of the adjusting ring.

[0014] A further technical solution is that the outer wall of the blade cylinder is provided with a discharge hole that passes through the inside and outside at a position aligned with the lower end of the push sleeve. When the single-head pin is placed in the second peak area, the lower end of the push sleeve is placed above the discharge hole. When the single-head pin is placed in the first peak area, the outer wall of the push sleeve closes the discharge hole.

[0015] The second technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A method for using an eye reamer with multiple switching functions, a method for using an eye reamer with multiple switching functions as in the first technical solution, specifically comprising the following steps: step S1, in the initial state, a single-head pin is placed in the first peak area, and a No. 1 ball is passed from the wellhead through the channel inside the well body to the center pipe, and then passes through the inside of the diverter valve and falls inside the track sleeve, and the No. 1 ball is stuck in the upper end position of the double-head pin; step S2, when the No. 1 ball is stuck in the double-head pin, the internal mud cannot flow normally from the upper end to the lower end, and congestion and pressure will be formed above the No. 1 ball, pressing the No. 1 ball to move downward, pushing the double-head pin to drive the track sleeve together Move downward, the single-headed pin will rotate unidirectionally and move downward along the one-way track groove of the track valve sleeve, until it moves to the lowest end of the one-way track groove, and the first spring will be compressed at the same time; step S3, the double-headed pin moves to the annular groove, the double-headed pin will move into the annular groove, and the double-headed pin blocks the size of one end of the No. 1 ball to decrease until the No. 1 ball passes through the track sleeve and falls into the track valve sleeve; step S4, without the obstruction of the No. 1 ball, the mud flows out from the inclined hole at the lower end of the track valve sleeve along the guide sleeve to ensure the smooth flow of the mud, and the track sleeve has no external force to hinder it. Under the thrust of the first spring, it moves upward; step S5, the track sleeve moves upward, the double-headed pin The first pin leaves the annular groove and moves inward, continuing to form an obstruction inside the track sleeve, and the single-head pin moves along the one-way track groove of the track valve sleeve to the second peak area, so that the upper end of the track sleeve cannot block the diversion flow hole of the diversion valve body, allowing mud to enter the push sleeve. A large amount of liquid will form pressure after entering, so that the push sleeve drives the sliding sleeve to move upward, driving the outer part of the knife wing to slide out of the knife wing slot; step S6, when the eye expansion work is completed and the knife wing needs to be retracted, the No. 2 ball is put in. When the No. 2 ball is stuck in the double-headed pin, the internal mud cannot flow normally from the upper end to the lower end, and congestion and pressure will form above the No. 2 ball, pressing the No. 2 ball to The double-headed pin drives the track sleeve to move downward, and the single-headed pin will rotate downward along the one-way track groove of the track valve sleeve, and move downward until it reaches the lowest end of the one-way track groove, and the first spring will be compressed at the same time; Step S7, the double-headed pin moves to the annular groove, and the double-headed pin will move into the annular groove, and the double-headed pin blocks the size of one end of the No. 2 ball to decrease until the No. 2 ball passes through the track sleeve and then falls into the track valve sleeve; Step S8, without the obstruction of the No. 2 ball, the mud flows out from the inclined hole at the lower end of the track valve sleeve along the guide sleeve, ensuring that the mud flows out smoothly, and the track sleeve has no external force to hinder it, and moves upward under the thrust of the first spring;Step S9, the track sleeve moves upward, the double-headed pin leaves the annular groove and moves inward, continuing to form a shield inside the track sleeve, and the single-headed pin moves from the first peak area to the second peak area along the one-way track groove of the track valve sleeve, so that the upper end of the track sleeve blocks the diversion flow hole of the diversion valve body, and the mud cannot enter the push sleeve from the diversion flow hole, and the thrust disappears. The sliding sleeve moves downward under the drive of the second spring, and the mud in the push sleeve is discharged from the discharge hole, thereby driving the outer part of the blade to retract into the blade slide groove; Step S10, when the blade needs to be extended again, the No. 3 ball can be inserted, and when the blade is retracted again, the No. 4 ball can be inserted. ;

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The sphere is used to complete the expansion and closing of the blade of the eye expander. The blade is expanded by moving upward and extending out of the blade slide. Compared with the traditional hinge and guide rail method, the expansion is smoother and convenient for repeated expansion and closing. Two adjacent ball throws can control the track sleeve to be at different heights after resetting through the height control component, so that the track sleeve can drive the sliding sleeve to be at different heights after two resets, that is, high and low. The sliding sleeve drives the blade to extend when it is at a high position and drives the blade to retract when it is at a low position; 2. By pressing down through the component and the reset component The components and the height control components cooperate to achieve multiple pitching and multiple deployment of the blade wings; 3. The present invention mainly solves the problem of the number of times the hydraulic reamer is opened and closed and the opening and closing of the blade wings. It changes the original single switch and single use to multiple switches and multiple uses, and makes the original blade wing opening mechanism design simpler and more stable, thereby optimizing the drilling and reaming work plan, improving the use efficiency and effect of the reamer, reducing the number and time of pump stops and transfers, and reducing the probability of the blade wing opening and closing being blocked, thereby indirectly shortening the drilling oil production cycle, and promoting the country's oil drilling equipment. Therefore, the invention has huge economic and social benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic overall cross-sectional view of an eye reamer with multiple switching functions.

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the area marked A in the middle.

[0019] Figure 3 The diagram is a schematic diagram of an explosion of a switch cylinder of an eye reamer with multiple switching functions according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a trajectory valve sleeve of an eye reamer with multiple switching functions.

[0021] Figure 5The present invention is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a track valve sleeve, a track upper sleeve, a first spring and a guide sleeve of an eye expander with multiple switching functions.

[0022] Figure 6 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a blade cylinder of an eye reamer with multiple switching functions.

[0023] Icons: 1-blade cylinder, 2-switch cylinder, 3-center tube, 4-sliding sleeve, 5-blade slide groove, 6-blade, 7-track valve sleeve, 8-track upper sleeve, 9-one-way track groove, 10-first peak area, 11-second peak area, 12-single-head pin, 13-first spring, 14-first pin hole, 15-double-head pin, 16-annular groove, 17-first inclined plane, 18-second inclined plane, 19-third inclined plane, 20-fourth inclined plane , 21-first guide block, 22-second guide block, 23-diverter valve, 24-diverter flow hole, 25-push sleeve, 26-guide sleeve, 27-guide hole, 28-inclined hole, 29-limiting ring, 30-second pin hole, 31-first connecting groove, 33-second connecting groove, 34-push block, 35-upper locking sleeve, 36-second spring, 37-limiting tube, 38-adjusting ring, 39-discharge hole, 40-No. 1 ball, 41-No. 2 ball. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0025] Figures 1 to 6 An embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0026] Embodiment 1: A reamer with multiple switching functions comprises a blade cylinder 1 and a switch cylinder 2 connected up and down, a center tube 3 is fixedly installed in the blade cylinder 1, and a sliding sleeve 4 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the center tube 3 up and down. When the sliding sleeve 4 slides up and down, it is mainly completed by the sliding fit between the outer wall of the sliding sleeve 4 and the inner wall of the blade cylinder 1, and a slight gap is left between the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 4 and the inner wall of the center tube 3, so that the wear of the center tube 3 caused by the sliding sleeve 4 sliding up and down can be avoided. The inner wall of the blade wing cylinder 1 is obliquely provided with a blade wing slot 5 communicating with the outer side of the blade wing cylinder 1 at the position corresponding to the sliding sleeve 4, and a blade wing 6 is slidably provided in the blade wing slot 5. When the sliding sleeve 4 moves upward and downward, it is respectively used to drive the outer side of the blade wing 6 to extend and retract along the blade wing slot 5; a track upper sleeve 8 and a track valve sleeve 7 are sequentially arranged up and down in the switch cylinder 2, and the track valve sleeve 7 is fixedly installed. The track upper sleeve 8 is used to drive the sliding sleeve 4 to move up and down, and a downward pressure passing component is arranged in the track upper sleeve 8. The downward pressure passing component drives the track upper sleeve 8 to move downward under the action of the ball, and allows the ball to pass through after moving downward; the outer wall of the track valve sleeve 7 is provided with a reset component, and the reset component is used to drive the track upper sleeve 8 to move upward and reset after the ball passes; a height control component is provided at the connection between the track upper sleeve 8 and the track valve sleeve 7, and the height control component is used to control the track upper sleeve 8 to be at different heights after two adjacent upward movements and resets.

[0027] The upper groove wall and the lower groove wall of the blade wing chute 5 are arranged to be inclined upward from the inside to the outside and parallel to each other, the upper end of the blade wing 6 is arranged to be a third inclined surface 19 that is slidably fitted with the first inclined surface 17, and the lower end of the blade wing 6 is arranged to be a fourth inclined surface 20 that is slidably fitted with the second inclined surface 18. With the first inclined surface 17 in conjunction with the third inclined surface 19, and the second inclined surface 18 in conjunction with the fourth inclined surface 20, the blade wing 6 can be made smoother when unfolding and retracting, and since they are all planar structures, no sediment accumulation will occur, and the unfolding and retraction of the entire blade wing 6 can be repeated many times and still remain smooth. The blade wing 6 and the blade wing chute 5 are arranged to be three distributed around the blade wing cylinder 1.

[0028] The height control component includes a single-head pin 12 and a one-way track groove 9 surrounding the outer wall of the track valve sleeve 7, the upper groove wall of the one-way track groove 9 is recessed upward to form a first peak area 10 and a second peak area 11 with different heights, and a plurality of first peak areas 10 and second peak areas 11 are arranged in sequence along the upper groove wall of the one-way track groove 9, and the lower groove wall of the one-way track groove 9 is convex upward at the positions corresponding to the first peak area 10 and the second peak area 11 to form a triangular first guide block 21 and a second guide block 22 with different heights, the top of the first guide block 21 is aligned with the left side wall of the first peak area 10, the top of the second guide block 22 is aligned with the left side wall of the second peak area 11, the lower left end of the second peak area 11 is aligned with the right side wall of the first guide block 21, and the second peak area The lower right end of 11 is aligned with the right side wall of the second guide block 22, one end of the single-head pin 12 is connected to the inner wall of the track sleeve 8, and the other end is slidably arranged in the one-way track groove 9; the reset component includes a first spring 13, the first spring 13 is sleeved on the outer wall of the track valve sleeve 7, the lower end of the first spring 13 is fixed, and the upper end is slidably fitted with the lower end of the track sleeve 8; the downward pressure component includes a double-headed pin 15 and an annular groove 16, the annular groove 16 is arranged on the inner wall of the switch cylinder 2 at a position close to the upper end of the track valve sleeve 7, and the upper groove wall of the annular groove 16 is inclined upward from the groove bottom to the groove mouth, and the track sleeve 8 is provided with a first pin hole 14 that passes through the inside and outside above the track valve sleeve 7, the double-headed pin 15 is slidably arranged in the first pin hole 14, and the inner end of the double-headed pin 15 is placed in the track sleeve 8. After the ball enters the track sleeve 8, the track sleeve 8 is driven to move downward by the double-headed pin 15. With the help of the structure of the one-way track groove 9, when the track sleeve 8 moves downward, the single-headed pin 12 moves in the one-way track groove 9. If the initial position of the single-headed pin 12 is at the top of the first peak area 10, when the single-headed pin 12 moves downward, it will move rightward and downward in accordance with the right side wall of the first guide block 21, and finally move to between the first guide block 21 and the second guide block 22. At this time, the outer end of the double-headed pin 15 enters the annular groove 16, and the inner end retracts into the first pin hole 14, and the ball can smoothly pass through the track sleeve 8 and enter the track valve sleeve 7. After the ball passes, the first spring 13 pushes the track sleeve 8 to move upward, driving the single-headed pin 12 to move upward. When moving, the single-headed pin 12 will move upward and rightward in accordance with the left side wall of the second peak area 11, and finally enter the second peak area 11, thereby driving the sliding sleeve 4 to be at different heights to control the deployment and retraction of the blade 6. The first spring 13 pushes the track sleeve 8 upward to keep it in the first peak area 10 or the second peak area 11 and prevent it from falling.

[0029] A diverter valve 23 is fixedly installed between the center tube 3 and the track sleeve 8 on the blade cylinder 1. The lower end of the center tube 3 is fixedly connected to the diverter valve 23. The upper end of the track sleeve 8 is slidably arranged in the diverter valve 23. A diverter flow hole 24 that passes through the inside and outside is arranged in the diverter valve 23. The lower end of the sliding sleeve 4 is connected to a push sleeve 25. The push sleeve 25 is sleeved on the outer wall of the diverter valve 23, and a gap is left between the inner wall of the push sleeve 25 and the outer wall of the diverter valve 23. When the single-head pin 12 is placed in the second peak area 11, the upper end of the track sleeve 8 is placed below the diverter flow hole 24. When the single-head pin 12 is placed in the first peak area 10, the outer wall of the track sleeve 8 closes the diverter flow hole 24.

[0030] The lower end of the track valve sleeve 7 is sleeved with a guide sleeve 26, and a guide hole 27 connected to the lower end of the switch cylinder 2 is arranged in the guide sleeve 26, and an inclined hole 28 connected to the guide hole 27 is arranged on the inner wall of the track valve sleeve 7; the lower end of the first spring 13 is connected to the top of the upper end of the guide sleeve 26; a limit ring 29 is arranged on the inner wall of the lower end of the track valve sleeve 7; the single-head pin 12 is installed on the inner wall of the track upper sleeve 8 through the second pin hole 30.

[0031] The outer wall of the sliding sleeve 4 is recessed with a first connecting groove 31, and the inner side of the blade 6 is recessed with a second connecting groove 33. A push block 34 is fixedly installed in the first connecting groove 31, and one end of the push block 34 away from the bottom of the first connecting groove 31 is slidably set in the second connecting groove 33.

[0032] The upper end of the center tube 3 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the blade cylinder 1 through an upper locking sleeve 35, and the outer wall of the center tube 3 is sleeved with a second spring 36, the upper end of the second spring 36 is connected to the lower end of the upper locking sleeve 35, and the lower end of the second spring 36 is connected to the upper end of the sliding sleeve 4.

[0033] The upper end of the sliding sleeve 4 is connected to a limit tube 37, and a gap is left between the inner wall of the limit tube 37 and the center tube 3. The second spring 36 is placed in the limit tube 37, and the lower end of the upper locking sleeve 35 is installed with an adjustment ring 38. The upper end of the second spring 36 is connected to the adjustment ring 38. First, install the guide sleeve 26 on the track valve sleeve 7, and then install the first spring 13, and then install the single-head pin 12 in the one-way track groove 9 of the track valve sleeve 7, and then install the track upper sleeve 8 with a double-head pin 15 on the upper end of the track valve sleeve 7, and finally install the assembled mechanism inside the switch cylinder 2, and the track valve sleeve 7 is linked to the switch cylinder 2 through threads. The double-head pin 15 and the single-head pin 12 are installed together with the track upper sleeve 8. The single-head pin 12, the upper end is matched with the track upper sleeve 8, and the lower end is installed together with the one-way track groove 9 in the track valve sleeve 7. The single-head pin 12 can only move in the one-way track groove 9 inside the track valve sleeve 7, and the path inside the track valve sleeve 7 is a one-way path, that is, it can only move in one direction. The track valve sleeve 7 is linked to the switch cylinder 2 through the thread at the lower end and is inside the switch cylinder 2. The upper locking sleeve 35 is linked to the blade wing cylinder 1 through the thread, and the adjustment ring 38 is installed below it. The second spring 36 is normally in a compressed state, and its tension presses the adjustment ring 38 against the sliding sleeve 4, and the three blade wings 6 slide into the body respectively through the corresponding sliding grooves of the body. Sealing rings are installed at certain positions inside it according to needs. The blade wing 6 is trapped inside the blade wing cylinder 1, and the blade wing 6 can only be extended by oblique sliding. When the blade wing 6 is opened to the maximum position, the limit tube 37 will contact the adjustment ring 38 and limit the position, the push block 34 will be blocked by the limit tube 37 and the blade wing 6 will be blocked by the push block 34, thereby ensuring that the blade wing 6 will not slide out and the quality of the hole expansion is ensured. In addition, the second spring 36 and the push sleeve 25 automatically balance the position of the blade wing 6 according to the thrust size of the two positions, providing power for the opening and closing of the blade wing 6. The blade wing 6 is always mostly trapped in the body, and when it is subjected to the reaction force of the formation, most of the force will be returned to the body, thereby ensuring the rigidity of the overall mechanism.

[0034] The outer wall of the blade cylinder 1 is provided with a discharge hole 39 that passes through the inside and outside at a position aligned with the lower end of the push sleeve 25. When the single-head pin 12 is placed in the second peak area 11, the lower end of the push sleeve 25 is placed above the discharge hole 39. When the single-head pin 12 is placed in the first peak area 10, the outer wall of the push sleeve 25 closes the discharge hole 39.

[0035] Embodiment 2: A method for using an eye reamer with multiple switching functions, a method for using an eye reamer with multiple switching functions as in Example 1, specifically comprising the following steps, step S1, in the initial state, the single-head pin 12 is placed in the first peak area 10, and the No. 1 ball 40 is passed from the wellhead through the channel inside the well body to the center pipe 3, and then passes through the inside of the diverter valve 23 and falls inside the track sleeve 8, and the No. 1 ball 40 is stuck in the upper end position of the double-headed pin 15; step S2, when the No. 1 ball 40 is stuck in the double-headed pin 15, the internal mud cannot flow normally from the upper end to the lower end, and congestion and pressure will be formed above the No. 1 ball 40, pressing the No. 1 ball 40 to move downward, pushing the double-headed pin 15 drives the track sleeve 8 to move downward, and the single-head pin 12 will move downward along the one-way track groove 9 of the track valve sleeve 7 and rotate unidirectionally until it moves to the lowest end of the one-way track groove 9, and the first spring 13 will also be compressed at the same time; step S3, the double-headed pin 15 moves to the annular groove 16, and the double-headed pin 15 will move into the annular groove 16, and the double-headed pin 15 blocks the size of one end of the No. 1 ball 40 from decreasing until the No. 1 ball 40 passes through the track sleeve 8 and then falls into the track valve sleeve 7; step S4, without the obstruction of the No. 1 ball 40, the mud flows out from the inclined hole 28 at the lower end of the track valve sleeve 7 along the guide sleeve 26, ensuring that the mud flows out smoothly, and the track sleeve 8 is not hindered by external force. Under the thrust of the first spring 13, it moves upward; step S5, the track sleeve 8 moves upward, the double-headed pin 15 leaves the annular groove 16, moves inward, and continues to form a shield inside the track sleeve 8, and the single-headed pin 12 moves along the one-way track groove 9 of the track valve sleeve 7 to the second peak area 11, so that the upper end of the track sleeve 8 cannot block the diversion flow hole 24 of the diverter valve 23, so that the mud enters the push sleeve 25 body. After a large amount of liquid enters, pressure will be formed, thereby pushing the sleeve 25 to drive the sliding sleeve 4 to move upward, and drive the outer part of the blade 6 to slide out of the blade slide groove 5; step S6, when the reaming work is completed and the blade 6 needs to be retracted, the No. 2 ball 41 is put in, and when the No. 2 ball 4 After 1 is stuck in the double-headed pin 15, the internal mud cannot flow normally from the upper end to the lower end, and congestion and pressure will be formed above the No. 2 ball 41, pressing the No. 2 ball 41 to move downward, and the double-headed pin 15 drives the track sleeve 8 to move downward together, and the single-headed pin 12 will move downward along the one-way track groove 9 of the track valve sleeve 7 in a one-way rotation, and move to the lowest end of the one-way track groove 9, and the first spring 13 will also be compressed at the same time; step S7, the double-headed pin 15 moves to the annular groove 16, and the double-headed pin 15 will move into the annular groove 16, and the double-headed pin 15 blocks the size of one end of the No. 2 ball 41 from decreasing until the No. 2 ball 41 passes through the track sleeve 8 and then falls into the track valve sleeve 7;Step S8, without the obstruction of the No. 2 ball 41, the mud flows out from the inclined hole 28 at the lower end of the track valve sleeve 7 along the guide sleeve 26, ensuring that the mud flows out smoothly, and the track sleeve 8 is not hindered by external force, and moves upward under the thrust of the first spring 13; Step S9, the track sleeve 8 moves upward, the double-headed pin 15 leaves the annular groove 16, moves inward, and continues to form an obstruction inside the track sleeve 8, and the single-headed pin 12 moves from the first peak area 10 to the second peak area along the one-way track groove 9 of the track valve sleeve 7 The value area 11 makes the upper end of the track sleeve 8 block the diverter hole 24 of the diverter valve 23, and the mud cannot enter the push sleeve 25 from the diverter hole 24. The thrust disappears, and the sliding sleeve 4 moves downward under the drive of the second spring 36, and the mud in the push sleeve 25 is discharged from the discharge hole 39, thereby driving the outer part of the blade 6 to retract into the blade wing chute 5; step S10, when the blade wing 6 needs to be extended again, the No. 3 ball can be inserted, and when the blade wing 6 is retracted again, the No. 4 ball can be inserted. ;

[0036] Although the present invention is described herein with reference to a number of illustrative embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated that those skilled in the art may devise many other modifications and implementations that fall within the scope and spirit of the principles disclosed herein. More specifically, within the scope of the present disclosure, drawings, and claims, a variety of variations and modifications may be made to the components and / or layout of the subject combination layout. In addition to the variations and modifications made to the components and / or layout, other uses will also be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A reamer with multiple switching functions, comprising a blade cylinder (1) and a switch cylinder (2) connected up and down, characterized in that: A central tube (3) is fixedly installed in the blade cylinder (1); a sliding sleeve (4) is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the central tube (3) in an upward and downward manner; a blade slide groove (5) communicating with the outer side of the blade cylinder (1) is obliquely arranged on the inner wall of the blade cylinder (1) at a position corresponding to the sliding sleeve (4); a blade (6) is slidably arranged in the blade slide groove (5); and when the sliding sleeve (4) moves upward and downward, it is used to drive the outer side of the blade (6) to extend and retract along the blade slide groove (5) respectively; The switch cylinder (2) is provided with a track upper sleeve (8) and a track valve sleeve (7) in sequence from top to bottom. The track valve sleeve (7) is fixedly installed. The track upper sleeve (8) is used to drive the sliding sleeve (4) to move up and down. A downward pressure passing component is provided in the track upper sleeve (8). The downward pressure passing component drives the track upper sleeve (8) to move downward under the action of the ball and allows the ball to pass through after the downward movement. The outer wall of the track valve sleeve (7) is provided with a reset component, and the reset component is used to drive the track upper sleeve (8) to move upward and reset after the ball passes through; A height control component is provided at the connection between the track upper sleeve (8) and the track valve sleeve (7), and the height control component is used to control the track upper sleeve (8) to be at different heights after two consecutive upward movements and resetting.

2. The reamer with multiple switching functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper groove wall and the lower groove wall of the blade wing slide groove (5) are arranged to form a first inclined surface (17) and a second inclined surface (18) which are inclined upward from the inside to the outside and are parallel to each other. The upper end of the blade wing (6) is arranged to form a third inclined surface (19) which is slidably fitted with the first inclined surface (17). The lower end of the blade wing (6) is arranged to form a fourth inclined surface (20) which is slidably fitted with the second inclined surface (18).

3. The reamer with multiple switching functions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The height control component comprises a single-head pin (12) and a one-way track groove (9) surrounding the outer wall of the track valve sleeve (7); the upper groove wall of the one-way track groove (9) is recessed upward to form a first peak area (10) and a second peak area (11) of different heights; a plurality of the first peak areas (10) and the second peak areas (11) are arranged in sequence along the upper groove wall of the one-way track groove (9); the lower groove wall of the one-way track groove (9) protrudes upward at positions corresponding to the first peak area (10) and the second peak area (11) to form a first guide block (21) and a second guide block (22) of different heights in a triangular shape; the top of the first guide block (21) is aligned with the left side wall of the first peak area (10), the top of the second guide block (22) is aligned with the left side wall of the second peak area (11), the lower left end of the second peak area (11) is aligned with the right side wall of the first guide block (21), and the lower right end of the second peak area (11) is aligned with the right side wall of the first guide block (21). The right side wall of the second guide block (22), one end of the single-head pin (12) is connected to the inner wall of the track sleeve (8), and the other end is slidably arranged in the one-way track groove (9); the reset component includes a first spring (13), the first spring (13) is sleeved on the outer wall of the track valve sleeve (7), the lower end of the first spring (13) is fixed, and the upper end is slidably fitted with the lower end of the track sleeve (8); the downward pressing component includes a double-head pin (15) and a ring The annular groove (16) is arranged on the inner wall of the switch cylinder (2) at a position close to the upper end of the track valve sleeve (7), and the upper groove wall of the annular groove (16) is inclined upward from the groove bottom to the groove mouth, and the track upper sleeve (8) is provided with a first pin hole (14) penetrating inside and outside above the track valve sleeve (7), the double-headed pin (15) is slidably arranged in the first pin hole (14), and the inner end of the double-headed pin (15) is placed in the track upper sleeve (8).

4. The reamer with multiple switching functions according to claim 3, characterized in that: The blade cylinder (1) is fixedly provided with a diverter valve (23) between the central tube (3) and the track sleeve (8); the lower end of the central tube (3) is fixedly connected to the diverter valve (23); the upper end of the track sleeve (8) is slidably arranged in the diverter valve (23) up and down; a diverter flow hole (24) penetrating the inside and outside of the diverter valve (23) is arranged in the diverter valve (23); the lower end of the sliding sleeve (4) is connected to a push sleeve (25); the push sleeve (25) is sleeved on the outer wall of the diverter valve (23); and a gap is left between the inner wall of the push sleeve (25) and the outer wall of the diverter valve (23); when the single-head pin (12) is placed in the second peak area (11), the upper end of the track sleeve (8) is placed below the diverter flow hole (24); when the single-head pin (12) is placed in the first peak area (10), the outer wall of the track sleeve (8) closes the diverter flow hole (24).

5. The reamer with multiple switching functions according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower end of the track valve sleeve (7) is provided with a flow guide sleeve (26), the flow guide sleeve (26) is provided with a flow guide hole (27) connected to the lower end of the switch cylinder (2), and the inner wall of the track valve sleeve (7) is provided with an inclined hole (28) connected to the flow guide hole (27); The lower end of the first spring (13) is in contact with the upper end of the guide sleeve (26); a limit ring (29) is provided on the inner wall of the lower end of the track valve sleeve (7); The single-head pin (12) is mounted on the inner wall of the track upper sleeve (8) through a second pin hole (30).

6. The reamer with multiple switching functions according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer wall of the sliding sleeve (4) is recessed with a first connecting groove (31), the inner side of the blade wing (6) is recessed with a second connecting groove (33), a push block (34) is fixedly installed in the first connecting groove (31), and one end of the push block (34) away from the bottom of the first connecting groove (31) is slidably arranged in the second connecting groove (33).

7. The reamer with multiple switching functions according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper end of the central tube (3) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the blade cylinder (1) via an upper locking sleeve (35); the outer wall of the central tube (3) is provided with a second spring (36); the upper end of the second spring (36) is in contact with the lower end of the upper locking sleeve (35); and the lower end of the second spring (36) is in contact with the upper end of the sliding sleeve (4).

8. The reamer with multiple switching functions according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper end of the sliding sleeve (4) is connected to a limiting tube (37), a gap is left between the inner wall of the limiting tube (37) and the central tube (3), the second spring (36) is placed in the limiting tube (37), an adjusting ring (38) is installed at the lower end of the upper locking sleeve (35), and the upper end of the second spring (36) is connected to the adjusting ring (38) in abutting contact.

9. The reamer with multiple switching functions according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer wall of the blade cylinder (1) is provided with a discharge hole (39) that passes through the inside and outside at a position aligned with the lower end of the push sleeve (25); when the single-head pin (12) is placed in the second peak area (11), the lower end of the push sleeve (25) is placed above the discharge hole (39); when the single-head pin (12) is placed in the first peak area (10), the outer wall of the push sleeve (25) closes the discharge hole (39).

10. A method for using a reamer with multiple switching functions, characterized in that: A method for using a reamer with multiple switching functions as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 9, specifically comprising the following steps: step S1, in the initial state, the single-head pin (12) is placed in the first peak area (10), and the No. 1 ball (40) is dropped from the wellhead through the channel inside the well body into the central pipe (3), and then passes through the inside of the diverter valve (23) and falls inside the track sleeve (8), and the No. 1 ball (40) is stuck in the upper end position of the double-head pin (15); step S2, when the No. 1 ball (40) is stuck in the double-head pin (15), the internal mud cannot flow normally from the upper end to the lower end, and congestion and pressure will be formed above the No. 1 ball (40), pressing the No. 1 ball (40) to move downward, The double-headed pin (15) is pushed to drive the track sleeve (8) to move downward together, and the single-headed pin (12) will move downward along the one-way track groove (9) of the track valve sleeve (7) in a one-way rotation until it moves to the lowest end of the one-way track groove (9), and the first spring (13) will be compressed at the same time; step S3, the double-headed pin (15) moves to the annular groove (16), the double-headed pin (15) will move into the annular groove (16), and the double-headed pin (15) blocks the size of one end of the No. 1 ball (40) to decrease until the No. 1 ball (40) passes through the track sleeve (8) and then falls into the track valve sleeve (7); step S4, without the No. 1 ball (40) blocking it, the mud flows out from the inclined surface of the lower end of the track valve sleeve (7) The mud flows out through the hole (28) along the guide sleeve (26), ensuring that the mud flows out smoothly. The track sleeve (8) is not hindered by external force and moves upward under the thrust of the first spring (13). Step S5, the track sleeve (8) moves upward, the double-headed pin (15) leaves the annular groove (16), moves inward, and continues to form a shield inside the track sleeve (8). The single-headed pin (12) moves along the one-way track groove (9) of the track valve sleeve (7) to the second peak area (11), so that the upper end of the track sleeve (8) cannot block the diversion hole (24) of the diversion valve (23), so that the mud enters the push sleeve (25). A large amount of liquid will form pressure after entering, so that the push sleeve (25) drives the sliding sleeve (4) moves upward, driving the outer part of the blade (6) to slide out of the blade chute (5); step S6, when the reaming work is completed and the blade (6) needs to be retracted, the No. 2 ball (41) is put in. When the No. 2 ball (41) is stuck in the double-headed pin (15), the internal mud cannot flow normally from the upper end to the lower end, and congestion and pressure will form above the No. 2 ball (41), pressing the No. 2 ball (41) to move downward, and the double-headed pin (15) drives the track sleeve (8) to move downward together, and the single-headed pin (12) will move downward along the one-way track groove (9) of the track valve sleeve (7) in a one-way rotation, and move to the lowest end of the one-way track groove (9), and the first spring (13) will be compressed at the same time;Step S7, the double-headed pin (15) moves to the annular groove (16), the double-headed pin (15) will move into the annular groove (16), and the double-headed pin (15) blocks the size of one end of the No. 2 ball (41) to decrease until the No. 2 ball (41) passes through the track sleeve (8) and then falls into the track valve sleeve (7); Step S8, without the obstruction of the No. 2 ball (41), the mud flows out from the inclined hole (28) at the lower end of the track valve sleeve (7) along the guide sleeve (26), ensuring that the mud flows out smoothly, and the track sleeve (8) is not hindered by external force and moves upward under the thrust of the first spring (13); Step S9, the track sleeve (8) moves upward, the double-headed pin (15) leaves the annular groove (16), moves inward, and continues to move on the track A shield is formed inside the sleeve (8), and the single-head pin (12) moves from the first peak area (10) to the second peak area (11) along the one-way track groove (9) of the track valve sleeve (7), so that the upper end of the sleeve (8) on the track shields the diversion flow hole (24) of the diversion valve (23) body, and the mud cannot enter the push sleeve (25) from the diversion flow hole (24), and the thrust disappears. The sliding sleeve (4) moves downward under the drive of the second spring (36), and the mud in the push sleeve (25) is discharged from the discharge hole (39), thereby driving the outside of the blade (6) to retract into the blade slide groove (5); step S10, when the blade (6) needs to be extended again, the No. 3 ball can be inserted, and when the blade (6) is retracted again, the No. 4 ball can be inserted. ;

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