Multi-layer reducing drilling tool device and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a multilayer variable-diameter drilling tool device and a construction method thereof, and relates to the field of coal mines, the multilayer variable-diameter drilling tool device comprises an outer drilling rod and an inner drilling rod, the inner drilling rod is provided with a pressure spring, a spiral fin, a movable drilling bit and a front-end drilling bit, the front-end drilling bit is provided with a connecting rod and a compressible cushion layer which are connected with the pressure spring, and a first hinge rod is connected with the front end of the inner drilling rod; the second hinge rod is connected with the front end in the outer drill rod pipe, an outer lock sleeve and an inner lock sleeve are arranged at the joint of the outer drill rod and the inner drill rod, the butt joint ends of the outer lock sleeve and the inner lock sleeve are provided with correspondingly-meshed bevel teeth, and a pressure spring is arranged between the outer drill rod and the outer lock sleeve. By changing the thrust of the outer drill rod and changing the radius of the spiral fins, the movable drill bit and the front-end drill bit are compressed or unfolded, the drilling outer diameter of the drilling tool is increased, multi-layer variable-diameter drilling and tunneling are achieved, and the drilling and tunneling speed and the construction operation efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of underground coal mine mechanical construction, and in particular to a multi-layer variable-diameter drilling tool device and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the increase in the depth of coal mining, as well as the complexity of geological structures, uneven hardness of strata or uneven rock formations, coal mining has become more difficult. Traditional drilling tools often encounter problems such as stuck drills, blockages or damage during drilling. By developing multi-layer variable-diameter drill tools, the drilling efficiency can be improved, adapting to different drilling environments and task requirements, and reducing the impact of stratum changes on drilling construction work. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned defects of existing drilling tools, the present invention provides a multi-layer variable diameter drilling tool device, which can provide assistance for coal mine drilling work with different drilling environments and task requirements and improve drilling efficiency. The present invention also provides a construction method of the multi-layer variable diameter drilling tool device.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A multi-layer variable-diameter drilling tool device comprises an outer drill rod and an inner drill rod, wherein the outer drill rod comprises a pressure spring I, a second hinge seat, an outer locking sleeve and an inner locking sleeve, and corresponding engaging bevel teeth are arranged at the butt ends of the outer locking sleeve and the inner locking sleeve; the inner drill rod comprises a pressure spring II, a first hinge seat, a spiral wing, a movable drill bit and a front drill bit, and a connecting rod and a compressible cushion layer are arranged between the pressure spring II and the front drill bit; the rotation direction of the outer drill rod and the inner drill rod is clockwise.

[0006] In the first technical solution, the second articulated seat is located on the outer drill rod, and the second articulated rods are respectively hinged on the left and right sides of the second articulated seat.

[0007] In the first technical solution, preferably, the first articulated seat is located on the inner drill rod, the left and right sides of the first articulated seat are respectively hinged with first articulated rods, and the rear end of the first articulated seat is hinged to the front end of the second articulated seat.

[0008] In the first technical solution, as a preferred embodiment, the pressure spring I, pressure spring II, the first articulated seat, the second articulated seat and the spiral wing are subjected to the change of the thrust of the external drill rod, and are squeezed or expanded and deformed synchronously, driving the movable drill bit and the front drill bit to expand or contract; the rotational compression direction of the spiral wing when squeezed is clockwise.

[0009] In the first technical solution, preferably, the maximum distance between the first hinge seat and the second hinge seat is always smaller than the diameter of the spiral wing.

[0010] In the first technical solution, preferably, the diameter range of the front drill bit is 60mm-100mm, and the diameter range of the movable drill bit is 90mm-220mm.

[0011] In the second technical solution, a construction method of a multi-layer variable diameter drilling tool, using the multi-layer variable diameter drilling tool device as described in the first technical solution, comprises the following steps:

[0012] S1: First, keep the active drill bit diameter at 100 mm, maintain a constant thrust on the outer drill rod, rotate the drill rod clockwise, and pre-drill the first hole;

[0013] S2: the front end drill bit completes the first drilling, the spiral blade reaches the designated position of the second drilling, and then the multi-layer variable diameter drilling device is used to perform variable diameter expansion drilling;

[0014] S3: changing the thrust of the outer drill rod, the pressure spring I and the pressure spring II are compressed, the second hinge seat of the outer drill rod shrinks inward, the front end of the first hinge seat of the inner drill rod shrinks inward, the spiral wing is compressed, the movable drill bit is expanded outward, the connecting rod drives the front end drill bit to expand outward, the drill rod is rotated clockwise to perform hole expansion drilling, and a second borehole with a diameter larger than the first borehole is drilled;

[0015] S4: When the front drill bit reaches the predetermined position, the rotation of the drill rod is stopped and the thrust of the outer drill rod is reduced to restore the multi-layer variable-diameter drilling tool device to its initial state. The first articulated seat, the second articulated seat and the front drill bit are in a fully retracted state, and the pressure spring I, pressure spring II and spiral wing are in a fully relaxed state. The diameter of the front drill bit is 60 mm, and the diameter of the movable drill bit is 90 mm. The multi-layer variable-diameter drilling tool device is then pulled backward and can be pulled out smoothly.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The present invention adopts multiple layers of variable diameter drill bits to cooperate with each other, and adjusts the drilling diameter of the drill tool according to the thrust change of the drill rod, so as to achieve a drilling effect with a small initial hole diameter and a large internal hole diameter. It can adapt to the drilling requirements of different formations, overcome the problems of slow drilling speed and drill bit sticking during drilling, and improve the drilling quality and drilling stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present application, are used to provide further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute improper limitations on the present application.

[0019] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-layer variable diameter drilling tool device.

[0020] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the bevel gear in .

[0021] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the front-end drill bit distribution.

[0022] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the active drill bit in .

[0023] In the figure: 1, outer drill rod, 2, inner drill rod, 3a, pressure spring I, 3b, pressure spring II, 4, spiral wing, 5, movable drill bit, 6, front end drill bit, 7, compressible cushion, 8, first hinged rod, 9, second hinged rod, 10, outer locking sleeve, 11, inner locking sleeve, 12, bevel teeth, 13, connecting rod, 14, first hinged seat, 15, second hinged seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] Embodiment 1:

[0026] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, a multi-layer variable-diameter drilling tool device proposed in this embodiment is placed in a coal mine drilling, including an outer drill rod 1 and an inner drill rod 2. The outer drill rod 1 includes a pressure spring Ⅰ3a, a second hinge seat 15, an outer locking sleeve 10 and an inner locking sleeve 11, and corresponding engaging bevel teeth 12 are arranged at the butt ends of the outer locking sleeve 10 and the inner locking sleeve 11; the inner drill rod 2 includes a pressure spring Ⅱ3b, a first hinge seat 15, a spiral wing 4, a movable drill bit 5 and a front end drill bit 6, and a connecting rod 13 and a compressible cushion layer 7 are arranged between the pressure spring Ⅱ3b and the front end drill bit 6; the rotation direction of the outer drill rod 1 and the inner drill rod 2 is clockwise.

[0027] The second hinge seat 15 is located on the outer drill rod 1 , and the second hinge rods 9 are hingedly connected to the left and right sides of the second hinge seat 15 .

[0028] The first articulated seat 14 is located on the inner drill rod 2 . The first articulated rods 8 are articulated on the left and right sides of the first articulated seat 14 , respectively. The rear end of the first articulated seat 14 is articulated with the front end of the second articulated seat 15 .

[0029] The pressure spring I3a, the pressure spring II3b, the first hinge seat 14, the second hinge seat 15 and the spiral wing 4 are subjected to the change of the thrust of the outer drill rod 1, and are squeezed or expanded and deformed synchronously, driving the movable drill bit 5 and the front drill bit 6 to expand or contract; the rotation compression direction of the spiral wing 4 when squeezed is clockwise.

[0030] The maximum distance between the first hinge seat 14 and the second hinge seat 15 is always smaller than the diameter of the spiral wing 4 .

[0031] The diameter range of the front drill bit 6 is 60 mm to 100 mm, and the diameter range of the movable drill bit 5 is 90 mm to 220 mm.

[0032] Embodiment 2:

[0033] A construction method of a multi-layer variable diameter drilling tool, using a multi-layer variable diameter drilling tool device in Example 1, comprises the following steps:

[0034] S1: First, the diameter of the movable drill bit 5 is kept at 100 mm, the thrust of the outer drill rod 1 is maintained constant, and the drill rod is rotated clockwise to pre-drill the first borehole;

[0035] S2: the front drill bit 6 completes the first drilling, the spiral blade 4 reaches the designated position of the second drilling, and then the multi-layer variable diameter drilling device is used to perform variable diameter expansion drilling;

[0036] S3: The thrust of the outer drill rod 1 is changed, the pressure spring I3a and the pressure spring II3b are compressed, the second hinge seat 15 of the outer drill rod 1 shrinks inward, the front end of the first hinge seat 14 of the inner drill rod 2 shrinks inward, the spiral wing 4 is compressed, the movable drill bit 5 is expanded outward, the connecting rod 13 drives the front end drill bit 6 to expand outward, the drill rod is rotated clockwise, the hole is expanded and drilled, and a second hole with a diameter larger than the first hole is drilled;

[0037] S4: When the front end drill bit 6 reaches the predetermined position, the rotation of the drill rod is stopped and the thrust of the outer drill rod 1 is reduced, so that the multi-layer variable diameter drilling device is restored to the initial state, the first articulated seat 14, the second articulated seat 15 and the front end drill bit 6 are in a fully contracted state, the pressure spring Ⅰ3a, the pressure spring Ⅱ3b and the spiral wing 4 are in a fully relaxed state, the diameter of the front end drill bit 6 is 60mm, and the diameter of the movable drill bit 5 is 90mm. Then, the multi-layer variable diameter drilling device is pulled backward and can be pulled out smoothly.

[0038] Although the above describes the specific implementation mode of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not a limitation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention without creative work are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-layer variable diameter drilling tool device, comprising an outer drill rod (1) and an inner drill rod (2), characterized in that: The outer drill rod (1) comprises a pressure spring I (3a), a second hinge seat (15), an outer locking sleeve (10) and an inner locking sleeve (11), and the butt ends of the outer locking sleeve (10) and the inner locking sleeve (11) are provided with correspondingly engaged bevel teeth (12); The inner drill rod (2) comprises a pressure spring II (3b), a first hinge seat (14), a spiral wing (4), a movable drill bit (5) and a front drill bit (6); a connecting rod (13) and a compressible cushion layer (7) are provided between the pressure spring II (3b) and the front drill bit (6); The outer drill rod (1) and the inner drill rod (2) rotate in a clockwise direction.

2. A multi-layer variable diameter drilling tool device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second hinge seat (15) is located on the outer drill rod (1), and second hinge rods (9) are hingedly connected to the left and right sides of the second hinge seat (15).

3. A multi-layer variable diameter drilling tool device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first articulated seat (14) is located on the inner drill rod (2), the left and right sides of the first articulated seat (14) are respectively articulated with first articulated rods (8), and the rear end of the first articulated seat (14) is articulated with the front end of the second articulated seat (15).

4. The multi-layer variable diameter drilling tool device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure spring I (3a), the pressure spring II (3b), the first hinge seat (14), the second hinge seat (15) and the spiral wing (4) are subjected to the change of the thrust of the outer drill rod (1), and are extruded or expanded and deformed synchronously, thereby driving the movable drill bit (5) and the front drill bit (6) to expand or contract; The rotational compression direction of the spiral wing (4) when being squeezed is clockwise.

5. The multi-layer variable diameter drilling tool device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The maximum distance between the first hinge seat (14) and the second hinge seat (15) is always smaller than the diameter of the spiral wing (4).

6. The multi-layer variable diameter drilling tool device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter range of the front drill bit (6) is 60 mm to 100 mm, and the diameter range of the movable drill bit (5) is 90 mm to 220 mm.

7. A construction method of a multi-layer variable diameter drilling tool, comprising the multi-layer variable diameter drilling tool device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: First, the diameter of the movable drill bit (5) is kept at 100 mm, the thrust of the outer drill rod (1) is maintained constant, and the drill rod is rotated clockwise to pre-drill the first borehole; S2: the front end drill bit (6) completes the first drilling, the spiral blade (4) reaches the designated position of the second drilling, and then the multi-layer variable diameter drilling device is used to perform variable diameter expansion drilling; S3: the thrust of the outer drill rod (1) is changed, the pressure spring I (3a) and the pressure spring II (3b) are compressed, the second hinge seat (15) of the outer drill rod (1) is retracted inwardly, the front end of the first hinge seat (14) of the inner drill rod (2) is retracted inwardly, the spiral wing (4) is compressed, the movable drill bit (5) is unfolded outwardly, the connecting rod (13) drives the front end drill bit (6) to unfold outwardly, the drill rod is rotated clockwise, the hole is expanded, and a second hole having a diameter larger than the first hole is drilled; S4: When the front drill bit (6) reaches the predetermined position, the rotation of the drill rod is stopped and the thrust of the outer drill rod (1) is reduced, so that the multi-layer variable-diameter drilling device is restored to the initial state. The first hinge seat (14), the second hinge seat (15) and the front drill bit (6) are in a fully contracted state, and the pressure spring I (3a), the pressure spring II (3b) and the spiral wing (4) are in a fully relaxed state. The diameter of the front drill bit (6) is 60 mm, and the diameter of the movable drill bit (5) is 90 mm. Then, the multi-layer variable-diameter drilling device is pulled backward and can be pulled out smoothly.

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