Perforating, flushing and cementing one-trip efficient plugging tool and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of shaft intervention, discloses a perforation, flushing and cement injection one-time efficient plugging tool and a use method thereof, and aims to solve the problem that perforation, annulus flushing and one-time cement plug injection are performed on a casing section with poor cementation to achieve permanent plugging. The tool comprises an integrated high-pressure flushing and cementing plug tool, a releasing tool, a well abandoning bridge plug setting tool and a perforating tool which are sequentially connected, and the perforating tool is used for perforating a casing pipe section with poor cementation so as to crush a cement sheath with poor cementation in an annulus between an inner casing pipe and an outer casing pipe. The abandoned well bridge plug setting tool is used for setting below a casing section with poor cementation, and the releasing tool is used for enabling the upper tool string to be separated from the abandoned well bridge plug setting tool after the abandoned well bridge plug setting tool finishes setting; and the integrated high-pressure flushing and cementing plug tool is used for flushing the casing section with poor cementing so as to discharge crushed cement and other impurities out of the annulus, and then cement is injected into the annulus for plugging.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wellbore intervention, and in particular to a one-trip high-efficiency plugging tool for perforating, flushing and cementing and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] During the production process of oil and gas wells, problems such as annular pressure outside the casing, shallow gas accumulation, and unqualified cementing quality outside the casing often occur. If not handled properly, oil and gas will migrate upward along the outside of the casing and cause environmental pollution accidents. According to relevant standards for well abandonment at home and abroad, it is necessary to ensure that a complete sealing system is formed inside and outside the wellbore after the abandonment is completed to ensure that oil and gas will not migrate upward and cause environmental pollution accidents.

[0003] The traditional disposal method is segment milling, such as Fig.13 As shown, the process is mainly as follows: the segment milling machine is lowered into the well section that needs segment milling, the segment milling machine blade is opened, and the segment milling machine performs segment milling on the inner casing and the cement ring section outside the inner casing. After the segment milling is completed, a window of a certain length is formed on the casing, and then the reamer is lowered to expand the open hole formation, and all cement and other residues in the casing window are removed to expose the original rock formation, and finally the cement plug is driven. This process is complex, time-consuming, inefficient, and difficult to be performed safely and effectively on site. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a one-trip high-efficiency plugging tool for perforating, flushing and cementing and a method for using the same, aiming to solve the problem of perforating a poorly cemented casing section, flushing the annulus, and then injecting a cement plug into the wellbore at one time to achieve permanent plugging.

[0005] The one-trip high-efficiency plugging tool for perforating, flushing and cementing according to the present invention comprises: an integrated high-pressure flushing and cementing plug tool, a hand-dropping tool, a well abandonment bridge plug setting tool, and a perforating tool, which are coaxially connected in sequence from top to bottom. The perforating tool is used to perforate a poorly cemented casing section to break the cement ring between the inner casing and the outer casing. The well abandonment bridge plug setting tool is used to set at a position below the perforating section. The hand-dropping tool is used to disengage the upper tool string from the well abandonment bridge plug setting tool after the well abandonment bridge plug setting tool completes the setting. The integrated high-pressure flushing and cementing plug tool is used to first flush the annulus of the perforating section to discharge the crushed cement and other impurities in the annulus, and then inject cement into the annulus.

[0006] Furthermore, the integrated high-pressure flushing and cementing plug tool includes: a tool body, the tool body includes an upper joint, an upper connector, a cementing sleeve body, a short connector, a cleaning tool body, a lower connector and a lower joint which are coaxially connected in sequence, and an axially through fluid channel is formed inside the tool body; a first leather cup packer sleeved on the outer periphery of the upper connector and a second leather cup packer sleeved on the outer periphery of the lower connector; a cementing plug tool, the cementing plug tool includes a cementing ball seat fixed in the cementing sleeve body, and a first sealing ball, a hole is formed on the outer peripheral wall of the cementing sleeve body, and the cementing ball seat blocks the hole in an initial state; and a cleaning tool, the cleaning tool includes a cleaning tool ball seat fixed in the cleaning tool body, and a second sealing ball, a nozzle is formed on the outer peripheral wall of the cleaning tool body, and the cleaning tool ball seat blocks the nozzle in an initial state. Among them, the integrated high-pressure flushing and cementing plug tool is constructed to have a high-pressure jet cleaning annulus mode: the second sealing ball enters the fluid channel and pushes the cleaning tool ball seat downward relative to the cleaning tool body under the action of external pressure to connect the fluid channel with the nozzle; and a cementing mode: the first sealing ball enters the fluid channel and pushes the cementing ball seat downward relative to the cementing sleeve body under the action of external pressure to connect the fluid channel with the hole.

[0007] Furthermore, the cleaning tool also includes a primary shear pin and a secondary shear pin. The cleaning tool ball seat is fixed to the cleaning tool body by the primary shear pin. The secondary shear pin is used to limit the cleaning tool ball seat. In the high-pressure jet cleaning annulus mode, the second sealing ball enters the fluid channel and pushes the cleaning tool ball seat to cut the primary shear pin under the action of external pressure, so that the cleaning tool ball seat moves downward relative to the cleaning tool body to the secondary shear pin and stops moving, thereby connecting the fluid channel with the nozzle to achieve flushing. After the flushing is completed, the secondary shear pin continues to be sheared, so that the cleaning tool ball seat and the second sealing ball can escape from the fluid channel.

[0008] Furthermore, the cementing plug tool also includes a primary shear pin and a secondary shear pin. The cementing ball seat is fixed to the cementing sleeve body by the primary shear pin, and the secondary shear pin is used to limit the cementing ball seat. In the cementing mode, the first sealing ball enters the fluid channel and pushes the cementing ball seat to shear the primary shear pin under the action of external pressure, so that the cementing ball seat descends relative to the cementing sleeve body to the secondary shear pin and stops moving, thereby connecting the fluid channel with the hole to realize cementing. After the cementing is completed, the secondary shear pin continues to be sheared to allow the cementing ball seat and the first sealing ball to escape from the fluid channel.

[0009] Furthermore, the first leather cup packer includes a first leather cup packer body mounted on the outer periphery of the upper connecting body, two groups of first leather cups mounted on the first leather cup packer body in sequence, and a first spacer ring located between the two groups of first leather cups; the second leather cup packer includes a second leather cup packer body mounted on the outer periphery of the lower connecting body, two groups of second leather cups mounted on the second leather cup packer body in sequence, and a second spacer ring located between the two groups of second leather cups.

[0010] Furthermore, a first well washing hole is formed in the area of ​​the first leather cup packer body between the upper joint and the adjacent first leather cup, a first channel connected to the first well washing hole is formed between the first leather cup packer body and the upper connector, a second channel and a third channel are formed inside the outer walls of the cementing sleeve body and the cleaning tool body, respectively, a second well washing hole is formed in the area of ​​the second leather cup packer body between the lower joint and the adjacent second leather cup, a fourth channel connected to the second well washing hole is formed between the second leather cup packer body and the lower connector, and the one-trip high-efficiency plugging tool for perforating, flushing and cementing also includes a well washing mode after cementing is completed: the first channel, the second channel, the third channel and the fourth channel are connected, and the well washing fluid enters the first channel, the second channel, the third channel and the fourth channel in sequence through the casing annulus and is discharged from bottom to top through the fluid channel, or the well washing fluid enters through the fluid channel and passes through the fourth channel, the third channel, the second channel and the first channel in sequence and is discharged from the annulus between the casing and the tool.

[0011] Furthermore, the abandoned well bridge plug sealing tool comprises a top joint, an outer cylinder, a piston, an inner core shaft, a first shear pin, a compression sleeve, an elastic joint, an extended core shaft, a sealing sleeve, a lower sealing sleeve, a top joint, a core shaft, a top cone sleeve, an upper slip, a rubber cylinder, a lower slip and a bottom joint; wherein the inner surface and the outer surface of the end of the top joint are fixedly connected to the inner core shaft and the outer cylinder respectively; the piston sleeve is arranged between the inner core shaft and the outer cylinder, and the end of the piston is positioned with the outer cylinder by the first shear pin; the compression sleeve is arranged on the end of the inner core shaft and is positioned by the second shear pin; the extended core shaft is fixedly connected to the inner core shaft ... The shaft is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the end of the inner core shaft; the elastic joint is sleeved on the outer surface of the inner core shaft and can slide on the outer surface of the extended core shaft; the sealing sleeve is fixedly connected to the end of the elastic joint; the lower sealing sleeve is fixedly connected to the end of the extended core shaft; the top joint is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the front end of the lower sealing sleeve; the core shaft is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the end of the top joint; the bottom joint is fixedly connected to the end of the core shaft; the top cone sleeve, upper cava, rubber cylinder, and lower cava are sequentially sleeved on the outer surface of the core shaft, and can move along the outer surface of the core shaft under the action of external force.

[0012] Furthermore, the abandonment tool includes a first joint coaxially connected in sequence for connecting to a well abandonment bridge plug setting tool, a second joint for connecting to an integrated high-pressure flushing and cementing plug tool, and a shear pin assembly for connecting the first joint with the second joint, the shear pin assembly being constructed to be sheared under the action of torque to disconnect the first joint from the second joint.

[0013] Furthermore, the perforating tool includes a perforating gun activator connected to the hand-dropping tool and a perforating gun connected to the perforating gun activator, and a plurality of rectangular slot-shaped outlets are formed on the perforating gun, and the outlets are arranged in a double helix shape, and the spiral angle of the outlets arranged in the double helix shape is 360°.

[0014] The method for using the above-mentioned one-trip high-efficiency plugging tool for perforation, flushing and cementing according to the present invention comprises the following steps: step 1: putting the one-trip high-efficiency plugging tool for perforation, flushing and cementing into the well, positioning the perforating gun at the position of the perforating section, turning on the perforating gun activator, and then activating the perforating gun to make the perforation penetrate the inner casing into the annulus between the inner casing and the outer casing and break the cement ring in the annulus without damaging the outer casing; step 2: after the perforation is completed, the abandoned well bridge plug setting tool is located at the designed position below the perforating section, and the abandoned well bridge plug setting tool is activated by pressure to make the abandoned well bridge plug setting tool set on the inner wall of the inner casing; step 3: lifting the tool to check the reliability of the abandoned well bridge plug setting tool, and after the inspection is qualified, rotating the tool with a certain torque to start the release tool, so as to realize the separation of the second joint of the release tool from the first joint, and complete the release of the lower tool string; step 4: lifting the tool to the blind hole section above the perforating section, inserting the second sealing ball, and starting the pump to pump the second The sealing ball enters the cleaning tool ball seat and pushes the cleaning tool ball seat downward to open the cleaning channel of the cleaning tool, and then the pump is turned on to flush the cement and other impurities in the annulus. After the flushing is completed, the tool is lifted to the blind pipe section, and the pressure is continued to be pumped until the secondary shear pin is sheared off, and the cleaning tool ball seat and the second sealing ball are out of the tool; Step 5: Put in the first sealing ball, start the pump to send the first sealing ball into the cementing ball seat and push the cementing ball seat downward to open the cementing channel of the cementing plug tool, and then inject the plugging material into the entire cross-section of the annulus to complete the direct plugging of the formation. After the cementing is completed, the tool is lifted to the blind pipe section, and the pressure is continued to be pumped until the secondary shear pin is sheared off, and the cementing ball seat and the first sealing ball are out of the tool; Step 6: Continue to lift the tool to the designed position, start the pump to circulate and wash the well, and wash out the excess sealing material; Step 7: Lift the tool to lift the second joint of the integrated high-pressure flushing and cementing plug tool and the abandoning tool together, and the well abandonment operation is completed.

[0015] The one-trip high-efficiency plugging tool and process of perforating, flushing and cementing of the present invention is an effective technology for plugging the unqualified cementing quality of the annulus outside the casing and the influence of shallow gas. It can realize the completion of casing perforation, bridge plugging, annulus cleaning and cementing in one trip, and can form a complete closed system from rock layer to rock layer in the wellbore. The process is simpler and more time-saving, more efficient, and can be safely and effectively performed on site. Although the process and the traditional segment milling process both require a sufficiently large mud density to maintain the stability of the exposed formation, the process of the present application does not require a high-viscosity fluid to carry iron filings in the well. In addition, the plugging effect of the cement plug of the process can be verified. After the plugging is completed, the cement plug can be drilled through, cement bonding logging can be performed, and the integrity of the annulus can be evaluated and verified. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a high-efficiency plugging tool that performs perforation, flushing and cementing in one trip according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the integrated high-pressure flushing and cementing plug tool shown;

[0018] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The structural schematic diagram of the cementing ball seat shown;

[0019] Figure 4 for Figure 2 The structural schematic diagram of the cementing sleeve body shown;

[0020] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the cleaning tool ball seat shown;

[0021] Figure 6 for Figure 2 The structural schematic diagram of the cleaning tool body shown;

[0022] Figure 7 for Figure 2 The structural schematic diagram of the first leather cup packer body is shown;

[0023] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the operation of the integrated high-pressure flushing and cementing plug tool in the high-pressure jetting annulus cleaning mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the operation of the integrated high-pressure flushing and cementing plug tool in the cementing mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Fig.10 for Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the abandoned well bridge plug setting tool is shown;

[0026] Fig.11 for Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the hand-throwing tool shown;

[0027] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the flow direction of liquid in the integrated high-pressure flushing and cementing plug tool during reverse circulation well washing;

[0028] Fig.13 This is the schematic diagram of the traditional segment milling process. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 FIG. 1 shows the structure of a one-trip high-efficiency plugging tool 1000 for perforating, flushing and cementing according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the one-trip high-efficiency plugging tool 1000 for perforating, flushing and cementing may include: an integrated high-pressure flushing and cementing plug tool 100, a hand-dropping tool 200, a well abandonment bridge plug setting tool 300, and a perforating tool 400, which are coaxially connected in sequence from top to bottom. The perforating tool 400 is used to perforate the poorly bonded cement section of the annulus 103 between the inner casing 101 and the outer casing 102 to break the cement ring 104 in the annulus. The well abandonment bridge plug setting tool 300 is used to set at a position below the poorly bonded cement section. The hand-dropping tool 200 is used to be disconnected from the well abandonment bridge plug setting tool 300 after the well abandonment bridge plug setting tool 300 is set. The integrated high-pressure flushing and cementing plug tool 100 is used to first flush the perforation section 105 to discharge the broken cement and other impurities in the perforation section 105 out of the perforation section annulus 103, and then inject cement into the perforation section annulus 103.

[0031] The one-trip high-efficiency plugging tool 1000 for perforating, flushing and cementing of the embodiment of the present invention can complete four working steps of casing perforating, abandoning well bridge plug, annulus cleaning and cementing in one trip to drill, which greatly improves the time efficiency of well abandonment operation, can effectively plug the casing and annulus, form a complete closed system, thereby achieving higher plugging quality and effectively improving operation efficiency.

[0032] According to the present invention, in Figure 1In the preferred embodiment shown, the integrated high-pressure flushing and cementing plug tool 100 may include a tool body, which includes an upper joint 1, an upper connector 5, a cementing sleeve body 7, a short connector 11, a cleaning tool body 14, a lower connector 18 and a lower joint 19 that are coaxially connected in sequence (preferably coaxially threaded), and an axially through fluid channel 26 is formed inside the tool body; a first leather cup packer 30 sleeved on the outer periphery of the upper connector 5 and a second leather cup packer sleeved on the outer periphery of the lower connector 18 are provided. A spacer 40; a cementing plug tool, the cementing plug tool includes a cementing ball seat 6 fixed in the cementing sleeve body 7, and a first sealing ball 8, a hole 25 is formed on the outer peripheral wall of the cementing sleeve body 7, and the cementing ball seat 6 blocks the hole 25 in the initial state; and a cleaning tool, the cleaning tool includes a cleaning tool ball seat 16 fixed in the cleaning tool body 14, and a second sealing ball 13, a nozzle 15 is formed on the outer peripheral wall of the cleaning tool body 14, and the cleaning tool ball seat 16 blocks the nozzle 15 in the initial state. Among them, the integrated high-pressure flushing and cementing plug tool is constructed to have a high-pressure jet cleaning annulus mode: the second sealing ball 13 enters the fluid channel 26 and pushes the cleaning tool ball seat 16 downward relative to the cleaning tool body 14 under the action of external pressure to connect the fluid channel 26 with the nozzle; and a cementing mode: the first sealing ball 8 enters the fluid channel and pushes the cementing ball seat 6 downward relative to the cementing sleeve body 7 under the action of external pressure to connect the fluid channel 26 with the hole 25.

[0033] The tool body of the integrated high-pressure flushing and cementing plug tool 100 of this embodiment is provided with a first leather cup packer 30 and a second leather cup packer 40 at the upper and lower parts thereof, respectively. The first leather cup packer 30 and the second leather cup packer 40 are used to simultaneously engage with the inner casing 101 (such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 The sealing is formed as shown in FIG. 1 ), thereby forming a perfect "closed" system. The cementing plug tool and the cleaning tool are both located between the first leather cup packer 30 and the second leather cup packer 40. The closed system forms the only channel for high-pressure cleaning liquid or cement slurry to enter the perforated annulus on the casing 101 through the nozzle 15 or the hole 25. The integrated high-pressure flushing and cementing plug tool 100 has an ingenious structural design, and realizes the internal function control of the tool through a ball throwing or pressure mechanism, realizes the conversion of high-pressure jet cleaning annulus and cementing functions, is simple to operate, and simplifies the operation procedure.

[0034] According to the present invention, combined Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, the cleaning tool may also include a primary shear pin 23 and a secondary shear pin 24. The cleaning tool ball seat 16 is fixed to the cleaning tool body 14 by the primary shear pin 23. The secondary shear pin 24 is used to limit the cleaning tool ball seat 16. In the high-pressure jet cleaning annulus mode, the second sealing ball 13 enters the fluid channel and pushes the cleaning tool ball seat 16 under the action of external pressure to cut off the primary shear pin 23, so that the cleaning tool ball seat 16 moves downward relative to the cleaning tool body 14 to the secondary shear pin 24 and stops moving, thereby connecting the fluid channel 26 with the nozzle 15 to achieve flushing. After the flushing is completed, the secondary shear pin 24 continues to be sheared, so that the cleaning tool ball seat 16 and the second sealing ball 13 can escape from the fluid channel 26.

[0035] Furthermore, if Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the cleaning tool ball seat 16 may include a cleaning tool ball seat body 161 and a second annular groove 162 formed on the outer periphery of the cleaning tool ball seat body 161. In the initial state, the secondary shear pin 24 abuts against the end of the second annular groove 162 close to the lower joint 19, and the primary shear pin 23 is fixedly connected to the outside of the second annular groove 162; after the primary shear pin 23 is cut off, the cleaning tool ball seat 16 moves downward so that the secondary shear pin 24 slides upward relative to the cleaning tool ball seat 16 in the second annular groove 162 until the secondary shear pin 24 abuts against the end of the second annular groove 162 close to the upper joint 1 and stops moving. After the flushing is completed, the secondary shear pin 24 is cut off by the end of the second annular groove 162 away from the lower joint, so that the cleaning tool ball seat 16 and the second sealing ball 13 are out of the fluid channel, that is, out of the interior of the hand-dropping tool 200 and fall into the inner sleeve 101. This embodiment is used to achieve locking and disengagement of the cleaning tool ball seat 16 inside the cleaning tool body 14, thereby controlling the opening of the high-pressure cleaning channel. When the cleaning tool ball seat 16 moves downward in the cleaning tool body 14, the nozzle 15 on the cleaning tool body 14 will be opened.

[0036] According to the present invention, combined Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the cementing plug tool may also include a primary shear pin 9 and a secondary shear pin 10. The cementing ball seat 6 is fixed to the cementing sleeve body 7 by the primary shear pin 9. The secondary shear pin 10 is used to limit the cementing ball seat 6. In the cementing mode, the first sealing ball 8 enters the fluid channel and pushes the cementing ball seat 6 to shear the primary shear pin 9 under the action of external pressure, so that the cementing ball seat 6 moves downward relative to the cementing sleeve body 7 to the secondary shear pin 10 and stops moving, thereby connecting the fluid channel 26 with the hole 25 to realize cementing. After the cementing is completed, the secondary shear pin 10 continues to be sheared to make the cementing ball seat 6 and the first sealing ball 8 escape from the fluid channel.

[0037] Furthermore, combined with Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the cementing ball seat 6 may include a cementing ball seat body 61 and a first annular groove 62 formed on the outer periphery of the cementing ball seat body 61. In the initial state, the secondary shear pin 10 abuts against the end of the first annular groove 62 close to the lower joint 19, and the primary shear pin 9 is fixedly connected to the outside of the first annular groove 62; after the primary shear pin 9 is sheared off, the cementing ball seat 6 moves downward so that the secondary shear pin 10 slides upward relative to the cementing ball seat 6 in the first annular groove 62 until the secondary shear pin 10 abuts against the end of the first annular groove 62 close to the upper joint 1 and stops moving. After cementing is completed, the secondary shear pin 10 is sheared off by the end of the first annular groove 62 away from the lower joint, so that the cementing ball seat 6 and the first sealing ball 8 are out of the fluid channel, that is, out of the inside of the hand-release tool 200 and fall into the inner casing 101. This embodiment is used to achieve locking and disengagement of the cementing ball seat 6 inside the cementing sleeve body 7, thereby controlling the opening of the mud injection channel. When the cementing ball seat 6 moves downward in the cementing sleeve body 7, the channel 25 on the cementing sleeve body 7 will be opened.

[0038] According to the present invention, in Figure 2 In the preferred embodiment shown, the first leather cup packer 30 may include a first leather cup packer body 2 sleeved on the outer periphery of the upper connector 5, two groups of first leather cups 3 sequentially sleeved on the first leather cup packer body 2, and a first spacer ring 4 located between the two groups of first leather cups 3; the second leather cup packer 40 includes a second leather cup packer body 20 sleeved on the outer periphery of the lower connector 18, two groups of second leather cups 21 sequentially sleeved on the second leather cup packer body 20, and a second spacer ring 22 located between the two groups of second leather cups 21. In this embodiment, the first spacer ring 4 is used to separate the two groups of first leather cups 3, and the second spacer ring 22 is used to separate the two groups of second leather cups 21; when the tool body rotates, the first leather cup packer 30 and the second leather cup packer 40 do not rotate therewith, thereby avoiding wear between the first leather cup 3 and the second leather cup 21 and the casing 101, thereby increasing the service life of the tool.

[0039] Furthermore, combined with Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 as well as Fig.12 As shown, the first leather cup packer body 2 is provided with a first well washing hole 31 (such as Figure 7 and Fig.12 A first channel 32 (as shown in FIG. 1 ) communicating with the first well washing hole 31 is formed between the first cup packer body 2 and the upper connector 5. Fig.12 As shown in FIG. 1 , the outer walls of the cementing sleeve body 7 and the cleaning tool body 14 are respectively formed with second channels 71 (as shown in FIG. 1 ). Figure 4 As shown) and the third channel 141 (as Figure 6The second cup packer body 20 is provided with a second well washing hole 41 (as shown in FIG. Fig.12 As shown in the figure, a fourth channel 42 connected to the second well washing hole 41 is formed between the second leather cup packer body 20 and the lower connector 18. The one-trip high-efficiency plugging tool 1000 for perforating, flushing and cementing may also include a well washing mode after cementing is completed: the first channel 32, the second channel 71, the third channel 141 and the fourth channel 42 are connected, and the well washing fluid enters the first channel 32, the second channel 71, the third channel 141, the fourth channel 42 and the second well washing hole 41 through the first well washing hole 31 in sequence through the annulus between the casing and the tool, and is then discharged from bottom to top through the fluid channel 26, i.e., reverse circulation well washing; or the well washing fluid enters through the fluid channel 26 and passes through the second well washing hole 41, the fourth channel 42, the third channel 141, the second channel 71, the first channel 32 and the first well washing hole 31 in sequence, and is then discharged from the annulus between the casing and the tool, i.e., positive circulation well washing.

[0040] Preferably, if Figure 2 As shown, copper rings 17 may be respectively provided between the upper joint 1 and the end face of the first leather cup packer body 2, between the first leather cup packer body 2 and the end face of the cementing sleeve body 7, between the second leather cup packer body 20 and the end face of the cleaning tool body 14, and between the second leather cup packer body 20 and the lower joint 19. The copper rings 17 are used to prevent wear between the contact end faces when the tool body rotates.

[0041] In such Figure 2 In the preferred embodiment shown, a sealing spacer ring 12 may be further provided between the opposite ends of the cementing sleeve body 7 and the cleaning tool body 14 to seal the ends of the cementing sleeve body 7 and the cleaning tool body 14 .

[0042] Combine the following Figure 2 , Figure 8 as well as Fig. 9 The working principle of the integrated high-pressure flushing and cement plugging tool 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is described as follows:

[0043] like Figure 2 and Figure 8 As shown, the second sealing ball 13 is put into the fluid channel 26 to the cleaning tool ball seat 16, and the liquid A is injected into the tool to the sealing pressure, and the primary shear pin 23 of the cleaning tool ball seat 16 is sheared off, and the cleaning tool ball seat 16 moves downward along the inner wall of the cleaning tool body 14 under the action of hydraulic pressure until it stops sliding under the resistance of the secondary shear pin 24. At this time, the cleaning tool ball seat 16 is separated from the sealing position, and the cleaning channel set on the cleaning tool body 14 is opened. The high-pressure cleaning liquid penetrates the multiple perforations 1001 on the perforation section C1 on the casing along the nozzle 15 and thoroughly cleans the annulus.

[0044] like Figure 2 and Fig. 9 As shown, after the full-bore tubing is cleaned, the pressure suddenly drops to 0, and the cementing function of the integrated high-pressure flushing and cementing plug tool 100 is activated through the ball throwing mechanism. The first sealing ball 8 is thrown into the fluid channel 26 to the cementing ball seat 6 and a local sealed space is formed inside the cementing plug tool. Cement B is injected into the cementing plug tool to the sealing pressure. The first shear pin 9 of the cementing ball seat 6 is sheared off under the action of shear force. The cementing ball seat 6 slides along the inner wall of the cementing sleeve body 7 under the action of hydraulic pressure until it stops sliding due to the resistance of the second shear pin 10. At this time, the cementing ball seat 6 is out of the sealing position, the hole 25 set on the cementing sleeve body 7 is opened, and then the cementing channel is opened. Under the action of liquid pressure and its own gravity, the cement slurry penetrates through the cementing channel through the multiple perforations 1001 on the perforation section C2 on the casing 101 to squeeze the plugging material on the cross section. The plugging material is effectively squeezed into the wellbore and the annulus, leaving a uniform closed cement plug in the plugging area.

[0045] After the plugging material is completed, Fig.12 As shown, taking reverse circulation well washing as an example, the whole tool is lifted to the blind pipe section, and the washing fluid enters from the annulus between the tool and the casing, enters the tool clamp wall cavity (i.e., the first channel 32, the second channel 71, the third channel 141 and the fourth channel 42) through the first washing hole 31 on the first bowl packer body 2, and flows out of the tool clamp wall cavity through the second washing hole 41 on the second leather cup packer body 20, and finally the washing fluid returns through the fluid channel 26 in the middle of the tool. This process can wash out the residual cement slurry in the pipe string, keep the tool and drill pipe clean, and complete the cleaning of the wellbore at the same time.

[0046] According to the present invention, Fig.10As shown, the abandoned well bridge plug sealing tool 300 may include a top joint 301, an outer cylinder 302, a piston 303, an inner core shaft 304, a first shear pin 305, a press sleeve 306, an elastic joint 307, an extended core shaft 308, a sealing sleeve 309, a lower sealing sleeve 310, a top joint 311, a core shaft 312, a top cone sleeve 313, an upper slip 314, a rubber cylinder 315, a lower slip 316 and a bottom joint 317; wherein the inner surface and the outer surface of the end of the top joint 301 are fixedly connected to the inner core shaft 304 and the outer cylinder 302 respectively; the piston 303 is sleeved between the inner core shaft 304 and the outer cylinder 302, and the end of the piston 303 is positioned with the outer cylinder 302 by the first shear pin 305; the press sleeve 306 is sleeved on the boss at the end of the inner core shaft 304 and Positioned by a second shear pin; the extended core shaft 308 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the end of the inner core shaft 304; the elastic joint 307 is sleeved on the outer surface of the inner core shaft 304 and can slide on the outer surface of the extended core shaft 308; the sealing sleeve 309 is fixedly connected to the end of the elastic joint 307; the lower sealing sleeve 310 is fixedly connected to the end of the extended core shaft 308; the top joint 311 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the front end of the lower sealing sleeve 310; the core shaft 312 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the end of the top joint 311; the bottom joint 317 is fixedly connected to the end of the core shaft 312; the top cone sleeve 313, the upper cava 314, the rubber sleeve 315, and the lower cava 316 are sequentially sleeved on the outer surface of the core shaft 312, and can move along the outer surface of the core shaft 312 under the action of external force.

[0047] The abandoned well bridge plug setting tool 300 can be hydraulically set. The pump is turned on to pressurize the abandoned well bridge plug setting tool 300 to the unsealing pressure of the piston 303. The setting shear of the piston 303 cuts off the first shear pin 305. The piston 303 moves downward to push the pressing sleeve 306 to move. The setting shear of the pressing sleeve 306 cuts off the second shear pin and moves downward to the upper end surface of the elastic joint 307. The elastic joint 307 is fixedly connected to the setting sleeve 309 and further moves downward under the action of hydraulic pressure to push the top cone sleeve 313 to move. The lower cone sleeve 313 transmits the force to the upper slip 314, the rubber cylinder 315 and the lower slip 316. Under the action of the force, the lower slip 316 is deformed first, and the teeth of the lower slip 316 extend out and bite firmly into the inner wall of the inner sleeve 101, so as to realize the axial and circumferential positioning of the lower slip 316. Under the continuous action of the hydraulic pressure, the upper slip 314 continues to move downward, pushing the rubber cylinder 315 to expand, and finally stabilizes the pressure until the upper slip 314 bites into the inner wall of the inner sleeve 101, thereby anchoring the entire tool. The meshing action of the slip 314 and the inner sleeve 101 can realize the fixing of the tool position, and can eliminate the risk of tool sliding caused by mechanical force and fluid pressure.

[0048] According to the present invention, Fig.11As shown, the hand-dropping tool 200 may include a first joint 203 connected to the abandoned well bridge plug setting tool 300, a second joint 201 connected to the integrated high-pressure flushing and cementing plug tool 100, and a shear pin assembly 202 for connecting the first joint 203 and the second joint 201 together, and the shear pin assembly 202 is configured to be sheared under the action of torque to disconnect the first joint 203 from the second joint 201. The hand-dropping tool 200 is mainly used when abandoning the abandoned well bridge plug setting tool 300. After the abandoned well bridge plug setting tool 300 is set, the tubing string is rotated forward, and the shear pin assembly 202 on the hand-dropping tool 200 is sheared under the action of torque, and the first joint 203 is disengaged from the second joint 201, and the abandoned well bridge plug setting tool 300 is disengaged from the upper tubing string, and the tools above the second joint 201 of the hand-dropping tool 200 can be taken out to simplify the subsequent operation procedures. The hand-release tool 200 is activated by shear pins, and preferably has 8 shear pin installation positions, and the number of shear pins can be adjusted according to the well conditions.

[0049] According to the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the perforating tool 400 may include a perforating gun activator 401 connected to the first joint 203 of the hand-dropping tool 200 and a perforating gun 402 connected to the perforating gun activator 401, and a plurality of rectangular slot-shaped outlets 403 are formed on the perforating gun 402, and the outlets 403 are arranged in a double helix shape, and the spiral angle of the outlets arranged in the double helix shape is 360°. The perforating gun 402 can be activated by the perforating gun activator 401. The perforating gun 402 can use a new type of explosive. After the new type of explosive penetrates the inner casing 101, a series of horizontal rectangular grooves can be formed on the inner casing 101. The outlet 403 of the perforating gun 402 adopts a groove structure design to enable the horizontal rectangular grooves formed after penetrating the inner casing 101 to overlap. The overlapping horizontal rectangular grooves form a 360° annular channel on the inner casing 101 or the oil pipe. The channel of this shape has a larger coverage area in the horizontal direction of the casing. As long as the rectangular channel overlaps by 50%, a complete annular perforation area can be obtained, achieving 360° all-round coverage, and the pores between the casing and the cement and between the cement and the formation can be penetrated.

[0050] The method for using the above-mentioned one-trip high-efficiency plugging tool 1000 for perforating, flushing and cementing according to the present invention may include the following steps:

[0051] Step 1 S1: Put the perforating, flushing and cementing one-trip high-efficiency plugging tool 1000 into the well, position the perforating gun 402 at the perforating section 105, turn on the perforating gun activator 401, and then activate the perforating gun 402 to perforate through the inner casing 101 into the annulus 103 between the inner casing 101 and the outer casing 102 and break the cement ring 104 in the annulus without damaging the outer casing 102;

[0052] Step 2 S2: After the perforation is completed, the abandoned well bridge plug setting tool 300 is located at the designed position below the perforation section 105, and the abandoned well bridge plug setting tool 300 is activated by pressure, so that the abandoned well bridge plug setting tool 300 is set on the inner wall of the inner casing 101;

[0053] Step three S3: lift the tool to check the reliability of the abandoned well bridge plug setting tool 300, and after passing the inspection, rotate the tool with a certain torque to start the release tool 200, so as to realize the separation of the second joint 201 of the release tool 200 from the first joint 203, and complete the release of the lower tool string;

[0054] Step 4 S4: lift the tool to the blind hole section above the perforating section 105, put in the second sealing ball 13, start pumping the second sealing ball 13 into the cleaning tool ball seat 16 and push the cleaning tool ball seat 16 downward to open the cleaning channel of the cleaning tool, then start pumping to flush cement and other impurities in the annulus. After flushing, lift the tool to the blind pipe section and continue to pressurize until the secondary shear pin 24 is cut off, and the cleaning tool ball seat 16 and the second sealing ball 13 are out of the tool;

[0055] Step 5 S5: insert the first sealing ball 8, start pumping the first sealing ball 8 into the cementing ball seat 6 and push the cementing ball seat 6 downward to open the cementing channel of the cementing plug tool, and then inject the plugging material into the entire cross section of the annulus 103 to complete the direct plugging of the formation. After the cementing is completed, lift the tool to the blind pipe section and continue to pressurize until the secondary shear pin 10 is sheared off, and the cementing ball seat 6 and the first sealing ball 8 are out of the tool;

[0056] Step 6 S6: Continue to lift the tool to the designed position, start the pump to circulate and wash the well, and wash out the excess plugging material;

[0057] Step seven S7: lift up the tool to lift out the integrated high-pressure flushing and cementing plug tool 1000 and the second joint 201 of the abandoning tool 200 together, and the well abandonment operation is completed.

[0058] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the technical terms or scientific terms used in this application should have the common meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0059] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any way. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions that fall within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A one-step high-efficiency plugging tool for perforating, flushing and cementing, characterized in that: include: An integrated high-pressure flushing and cementing plug tool, a hand-dropping tool, a well-abandoned bridge plug setting tool, and a perforating tool are coaxially connected in sequence from top to bottom. The perforating tool is used to perforate the poorly bonded casing section to break the poorly bonded cement ring in the annulus between the inner casing and the outer casing. The well-abandoned bridge plug setting tool is used to be set at a position below the poorly bonded casing section. The hand-dropping tool is used to be disengaged from the well-abandoned bridge plug setting tool after the well-abandoned bridge plug setting tool is set. The integrated high-pressure flushing and cementing plug tool is used to first flush the poorly bonded casing section to flush the crushed cement in the annulus of the poorly bonded casing section out of the annulus, and then inject cement into the annulus.

2. The one-trip high-efficiency plugging tool for perforating, flushing and cementing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The all-in-one high pressure flushing and cementing plug tool comprises: A tool body, the tool body comprising an upper joint, an upper connector, a cementing sleeve body, a short connector, a cleaning tool body, a lower connector and a lower joint which are coaxially connected in sequence, and an axially penetrating fluid channel is formed inside the tool body; A first leather cup packer sleeved on the outer periphery of the upper connecting body and a second leather cup packer sleeved on the outer periphery of the lower connecting body; A cementing plug tool, the cementing plug tool comprising a cementing ball seat fixed in the cementing sleeve body, and a first setting ball, a hole is formed on the outer peripheral wall of the cementing sleeve body, and the cementing ball seat covers the hole in an initial state; and A cleaning tool, the cleaning tool comprising a cleaning tool ball seat fixed in the cleaning tool body and a second sealing ball, a nozzle is formed on the outer peripheral wall of the cleaning tool body, and the cleaning tool ball seat covers the nozzle in an initial state, Among them, the integrated high-pressure flushing and cementing plug tool is constructed to have a high-pressure jet cleaning annulus mode: the second sealing ball enters the fluid channel and, under the action of external pressure, pushes the cleaning tool ball seat downward relative to the cleaning tool body to connect the fluid channel with the nozzle; and a cementing mode: the first sealing ball enters the fluid channel and, under the action of external pressure, pushes the cementing ball seat downward relative to the cementing sleeve body to connect the fluid channel with the borehole.

3. The one-trip high-efficiency plugging tool for perforating, flushing and cementing according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The cleaning tool also includes a primary shear pin and a secondary shear pin, the cleaning tool ball seat is fixed to the cleaning tool body by the primary shear pin, and the secondary shear pin is used to limit the cleaning tool ball seat. In the high-pressure jet cleaning annulus mode, the second sealing ball enters the fluid channel and pushes the cleaning tool ball seat to shear the primary shear pin under the action of external pressure, so that the cleaning tool ball seat moves downward relative to the cleaning tool body to the secondary shear pin and stops moving, thereby connecting the fluid channel with the nozzle to achieve flushing. After the flushing is completed, the secondary shear pin continues to be sheared, so that the cleaning tool ball seat and the second sealing ball are out of the fluid channel.

4. The one-trip high-efficiency plugging tool for perforation, flushing and cementing according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The cementing plug tool also includes a primary shear pin and a secondary shear pin, the cementing ball seat is fixed to the cementing sleeve body by the primary shear pin, and the secondary shear pin is used to limit the cementing ball seat. In the cementing mode, the first sealing ball enters the fluid channel and pushes the cementing ball seat to shear the primary shear pin under the action of external pressure, so that the cementing ball seat descends relative to the cementing sleeve body to the secondary shear pin and stops moving, thereby connecting the fluid channel with the hole to realize cementing. After the cementing is completed, the secondary shear pin continues to be sheared, so that the cementing ball seat and the first sealing ball are out of the fluid channel.

5. The one-trip high-efficiency plugging tool for perforation, flushing and cementing according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The first leather cup packer includes a first leather cup packer body sleeved on the outer periphery of the upper connecting body, two groups of first leather cups sequentially sleeved on the first leather cup packer body, and a first spacer ring located between the two groups of first leather cups; the second leather cup packer includes a second leather cup packer body sleeved on the outer periphery of the lower connecting body, two groups of second leather cups sequentially sleeved on the second leather cup packer body, and a second spacer ring located between the two groups of second leather cups.

6. The one-trip high-efficiency plugging tool for perforating, flushing and cementing according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first well-washing hole is formed in the area of ​​the first leather cup packer body between the upper joint and the adjacent first leather cup, a first channel connected to the first well-washing hole is formed between the first leather cup packer body and the upper connector, a second channel and a third channel are formed inside the outer walls of the cementing sleeve body and the cleaning tool body, respectively, a second well-washing hole is formed in the area of ​​the second leather cup packer body between the lower joint and the adjacent second leather cup, a fourth channel connected to the second well-washing hole is formed between the second leather cup packer body and the lower connector, and the perforating, flushing and cementing one-trip high-efficiency plugging tool also includes a well-washing mode after cementing is completed: the first channel, the second channel, the third channel and the fourth channel are connected, and the well-washing fluid enters the first channel, the second channel, the third channel and the fourth channel in sequence through the annulus between the casing and the tool, and is discharged from bottom to top through the fluid channel, or the well-washing fluid enters through the fluid channel and passes through the fourth channel, the third channel, the second channel and the first channel in sequence, and is discharged from the annulus between the casing and the tool.

7. The one-trip high-efficiency plugging tool for perforation, flushing and cementing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The abandoned well bridge plug sealing tool comprises a top joint, an outer cylinder, a piston, an inner core shaft, a first shear pin, a compression sleeve, an elastic joint, an extended core shaft, a sealing sleeve, a lower sealing sleeve, a top joint, a core shaft, a top cone sleeve, an upper slip, a rubber cylinder, a lower slip and a bottom joint; wherein the inner surface and the outer surface of the end of the top joint are fixedly connected to the inner core shaft and the outer cylinder respectively; the piston is sleeved between the inner core shaft and the outer cylinder, and the end of the piston is positioned with the outer cylinder by the first shear pin; the compression sleeve is sleeved at the end of the inner core shaft and is positioned by the second shear pin; the extended core shaft is fixedly connected to the The inner surface of the end of the inner core shaft; the elastic joint is sleeved on the outer surface of the inner core shaft and can slide on the outer surface of the extended core shaft; the sealing sleeve is fixedly connected to the end of the elastic joint; the lower sealing sleeve is fixedly connected to the end of the extended core shaft; the top joint is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the front end of the lower sealing sleeve; the core shaft is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the end of the top joint; the bottom joint is fixedly connected to the end of the core shaft; the top cone sleeve, the upper cava, the rubber cylinder and the lower cava are sequentially sleeved on the outer surface of the core shaft and can move along the outer surface of the core shaft under the action of external force.

8. The one-trip high-efficiency plugging tool for perforation, flushing and cementing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The abandonment tool includes a first joint coaxially connected in sequence for connecting to the abandoned well bridge plug setting tool, a second joint for connecting to the integrated high-pressure flushing and cementing plug tool, and a shear pin assembly for connecting the first joint with the second joint, wherein the shear pin assembly is configured to be sheared under the action of torque to disconnect the first joint from the second joint.

9. The one-trip high-efficiency plugging tool for perforation, flushing and cementing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The perforating tool comprises a perforating gun activator connected to the hand-dropping tool and a perforating gun connected to the perforating gun activator. The perforating gun is provided with a plurality of rectangular slot-shaped outlets, which are arranged in a double helix shape. The spiral angle of the outlets arranged in a double helix shape is 360°.

10. A method for using the one-trip high-efficiency plugging tool of perforating, flushing and cementing according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Put the perforating, flushing and cementing one-trip high-efficiency plugging tool into the well, position the perforating gun at the perforating section, turn on the perforating gun activator, and then activate the perforating gun to perforate through the inner casing into the annulus between the inner casing and the outer casing and break the cement ring in the annulus without damaging the outer casing; Step 2: After the perforation is completed, the abandoned well bridge plug setting tool is located at the designed position below the perforation section, and the abandoned well bridge plug setting tool is activated by pressure, so that the abandoned well bridge plug setting tool is set on the inner wall of the inner casing; Step 3: lifting the tool to check the reliability of the abandoned well bridge plug setting tool, and after passing the inspection, rotating the tool with a certain torque to start the release tool, so as to achieve the separation of the second joint of the release tool from the first joint, and complete the release of the lower tool string; Step 4: lift the tool to the blind hole section above the perforating section, put in the second sealing ball, start pumping the second sealing ball into the cleaning tool ball seat and push the cleaning tool ball seat downward to open the cleaning channel of the cleaning tool, then start pumping to flush the filler in the annulus, after the flushing is completed, lift the tool to the blind pipe section, continue to pressurize until the secondary shear nail is cut off, and the cleaning tool ball seat and the second sealing ball are out of the tool; Step 5: inserting the first sealing ball, pumping the first sealing ball into the cementing ball seat and pushing the cementing ball seat downward to open the cementing channel of the cementing plug tool, and then injecting the plugging material into the entire cross-section of the annulus to complete the direct plugging of the formation. After the cementing is completed, the tool is lifted to the blind pipe section, and the pressure is continued until the secondary shear pin is sheared off, and the cementing ball seat and the first sealing ball are out of the tool; Step 6: Continue to lift the tool to the designed position, start the pump to circulate and wash the well to wash out the excess plugging material; Step 7: Lift the tool to lift out the integrated high-pressure flushing and cementing plug tool and the second joint of the abandoning tool together, and the well abandonment operation is completed.

Images