Mechanical mining method for large-dip-angle, steep-dip and down-dip subsection

Abstract

The invention discloses a large-dip-angle and steeply-inclined subsection mechanical mining method, and particularly relates to the technical field of coal mining, which comprises the following steps of: 1, arranging a mining face transportation roadway and a mining face air return roadway along a coal seam dip angle (coal seam gradient), arranging the mining face transportation roadway and the mining face air return roadway at two ends of a coal seam trend of an ore boundary, and arranging the mining face transportation roadway and the mining face air return roadway at two ends of the coal seam trend; a section is designed every 75 meters, a main transportation roadway is located in a lower coal seam bottom plate and a cross-cut of the section and communicated with a mining face transportation roadway, a main air return roadway is located in an upper coal seam bottom plate and a cross-cut of the section and communicated with a mining face air return roadway, a working face is arranged in the coal seam trend, and mining is conducted downwards along the coal seam inclination angle. The transportation roadway is arranged along the inclination angle, equivalently, the open-off cut, the transportation roadway and the return roadway of an existing coal face are tunneled from top to bottom, the trend transportation roadway of an existing mining method is not needed, the process is simple, the working face is long, the tunneling amount is small, roadway supporting is safe and reliable, and mining face gas control is easy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal mining, and more specifically to a large-angle, steep-inclined and pitched mechanized mining method. Background Art

[0002] The coal mine adopts the longwall retreat mining method. A horizontal development has several thousand meters to tens of thousands of meters of rock tunnels. The amount of rock mining is large, there are many safety hazards, the construction period is long, the investment cost is high, and the gas control in the mining face transportation tunnel, the mining face return air tunnel and the mining face coal seam is difficult and requires high precision. The extraction time is long, the gas control time is long, and it is difficult to control it in place. When encountering faults, the difficulty of gas control is even greater. Extraction can only eliminate gas pressure, but cannot eliminate ground stress. The difficulty of coal mining has caused high coal prices and caused industrial production costs. The cost is high, with hundreds or even thousands of people working in a mine, and the labor intensity is high. In addition, the cultural level and quality of coal miners are low, making safety management difficult. The safety cost is constantly expanding, and it is difficult to increase efficiency. Entrepreneurs who open coal mines with general geological conditions have low profits, and use a large number of large machinery, with large investments in safe production. The length of the mining face is generally less than 170 meters, and the mining face is short. After the mining face is completed, there are many closed areas, water accumulation in the closed areas, and toxic and harmful gases in the closed areas, which cause many safety hazards. There are many tunnels, ventilation facilities, and electromechanical equipment, resulting in a high accident rate.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a large-angle, steeply inclined segmented mechanized mining method to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a large-angle, steep-inclined and segmented mechanized mining method. The transport tunnel of the present invention is arranged along the inclination angle, which is equivalent to the cutting eye of the existing coal mining working face. Both the transport and return tunnels are excavated from top to bottom, and there is no need for the existing mining method to go to the transport tunnel. The present invention has a simple process, a long working face, a small amount of excavation, safe and reliable tunnel support, and easy gas control at the mining face, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a large-angle, steep-inclined, segmented mechanized mining method, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Arrange the mining face transportation tunnel and mining face return air tunnel along the coal seam dip angle (coal seam slope). The mining face transportation tunnel and mining face return air tunnel are arranged at both ends of the coal seam trend at the mine boundary. A section is designed every 75 meters. The main transportation tunnel is located in the lower coal seam floor and stone gate of the section and is connected with the mining face transportation tunnel. The main return air tunnel is located in the upper coal seam floor and stone gate of the section and is connected with the mining face return air tunnel. Arrange the working face along the coal seam trend and mine downward along the coal seam dip angle. Step 2: Horizontal and sectional mining, arranging floor transport tunnels and water tanks, power distribution rooms, refuge chambers, electromechanical chambers at elevations of 75 to 150 meters, connecting with the face transport tunnel and face return air tunnel, using the existing floor extraction tunnel or floor transport tunnel, opening the stone gate to uncover the coal, connecting with the face transport tunnel and face return air tunnel, arranging the working face along the strike to mine downward, the mining face can be tilted from the face return air tunnel to the face transport tunnel with a slope of less than 18 degrees to achieve mechanized mining; Step 3: The coal mining face can be mined from below the wind-oxidized zone on the surface, or it can be mined from a horizontal floor transport lane or floor extraction lane in the mine, and then a stone gate can be arranged and the coal mining face can be arranged along the direction of the coal seam. Each section is equipped with a section main transport lane; Step 4: The main transport lane and main return air lane of the section are supported by 15 square anchor nets and steel belts in the rock section. The lane adopts the integration of machine and track. The face transport lane and face return air lane adopt anchor nets and steel beams for support. The goaf area on the side of the mining working face is supported by first supporting, drilling and grouting, and then anchor nets and steel beams for support. The face transport lane and the face return air lane have a rectangular section of 6.3 meters wide and 2.5 meters high, which are separated from the middle. The coal seam in the face transport lane is transported by self-sliding, and the main materials and pedestrians are transported by the return air lane. Materials can also be transported from the face transport lane to the working face. The face transport lane also serves as the air intake lane. Step 5: The support method of the return airway is the same as that of the transport tunnel. Material transport and pedestrian devices are installed. According to the different slopes of the coal seams, the pedestrian and material transport machinery are different. The pedestrian and material transport machinery include winches and tank cages or special pedestrian material transport vehicles; Step 6: The mining face is equipped with a hydraulic flexible shielding support with a large dip angle, which is made of all steel. The working face is equipped with a turning belt, which is fixed on the bottom plate side of the mining face support. The coal is transported to the mining face transport lane, slided to the main transport lane, and then transported out of the ground. The coal mining machine uses the existing excavator loader to mine coal, digging down to the belt; Step 7: For gas control at the mining face, a coal mining machine is equipped with a drilling machine to drill discharge holes and extraction holes. It is fully hydraulically powered, small in size, with a hole diameter of 300mm and a hole depth of 40 meters. The mining face transport tunnel and the mining face return air tunnel adopt the existing "four-in-one" gas control method.

[0006] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention: The present invention arranges the mining face transport tunnel and the mining face return air tunnel along the coal seam inclination angle (coal seam slope), arranges the mining face transport tunnel and the mining face return air tunnel at both ends of the coal seam direction at the mine boundary, designs a section every 75 meters, the main transport tunnel is located in the lower coal seam floor and the stone gate of the section and is connected with the mining face transport tunnel, the main return air tunnel is located in the upper coal seam floor and the stone gate of the section and is connected with the mining face return air tunnel, arranges the working face along the coal seam direction, mines downward along the coal seam inclination angle, mines in horizontal and sectional areas, arranges the floor transport tunnel and the water storage, the power distribution room, the refuge chamber, the electromechanical chamber at the elevation of 75 meters to 150 meters, and is connected with the mining face transport tunnel and the mining face return air tunnel, utilizes the existing floor extraction tunnel or floor transport tunnel, opens the stone gate to expose the coal, and The mining face transport tunnel is connected with the mining face return air tunnel, and the working face is arranged along the strike direction for downward mining. The mining face can be tilted from the mining face return air tunnel to the mining face transport tunnel at a slope of less than 18 degrees to achieve mechanized mining. The coal mining working face can be arranged from below the wind oxidation zone on the surface for downward mining, or it can be arranged from a horizontal floor transport tunnel or floor extraction tunnel in the mine and then the stone gate is arranged and the coal mining working face is arranged along the strike direction of the coal seam for downward mining. Each section is arranged with the section main transport tunnel. The section main transport tunnel and the main return air tunnel are supported by 15 square anchor mesh sprayed steel belts in the rock section. The tunnel adopts the integration of machine and track. The mining face transport tunnel and the mining face return air tunnel adopt anchor mesh sprayed steel beam support. The side goaf of the mining face is supported by first support and drilling and injection. slurry, and then anchor net spraying and steel beam support are carried out. The mining face transport lane and the mining face return air lane have a rectangular section of 6.3 meters wide and 2.5 meters high, separated from the middle. The coal seam in the mining face transport lane is transported by self-sliding, and the main materials and pedestrians are transported by the return air lane. Materials can also be transported from the mining face transport lane to the working face. The mining face transport lane also serves as the air intake lane. The support method of the return air lane is the same as that of the transport lane. Material and pedestrian devices are installed. According to the different slopes of the coal seams, the pedestrians and material transport machinery are different. The pedestrians and material transport machinery include winches and tank cages or special pedestrian material transport vehicles. The mining face is installed with a large-angle hydraulic flexible shielding support for the steeply inclined coal seam, which is made of all-steel materials. The working face is installed with a turning belt fixed on the mining face On the bottom plate side of the support, the coal is transported to the mining face transport lane and then to the main transport lane, and then transported out of the ground. The coal mining machine uses the existing excavator loader to mine coal and digs downward onto the belt. The mining face gas control uses a coal mining machine equipped with a puncher to drill discharge holes and extraction holes. It is fully hydraulically powered, small in size, with a hole diameter of 300mm and a hole depth of 40 meters. The mining face transport lane and the mining face return air lane adopt the existing "four-in-one" gas control method. The transport lane of the present invention is arranged along the inclination angle, which is equivalent to the cutting eye of the existing coal mining working face. Both the transport and return lanes are excavated from top to bottom, and there is no need for the existing mining method to go to the transport lane. The present invention has a simple process, a long working face, a small amount of excavation, safe and reliable tunnel support, and easy mining face gas control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the large-angle, steep-inclined and segmented mechanized coal mining of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0008] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0009] As attached Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a large-angle, steep-inclined, and segmented mechanized mining method, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Arrange the mining face transportation tunnel and mining face return air tunnel along the coal seam dip angle (coal seam slope). The mining face transportation tunnel and mining face return air tunnel are arranged at both ends of the coal seam trend at the mine boundary. A section is designed every 75 meters. The main transportation tunnel is located in the lower coal seam floor and stone gate of the section and is connected with the mining face transportation tunnel. The main return air tunnel is located in the upper coal seam floor and stone gate of the section and is connected with the mining face return air tunnel. Arrange the working face along the coal seam trend and mine downward along the coal seam dip angle. Step 2: Horizontal and sectional mining, arranging floor transport tunnels and water tanks, power distribution rooms, refuge chambers, electromechanical chambers at elevations of 75 to 150 meters, connecting with the face transport tunnel and face return air tunnel, using the existing floor extraction tunnel or floor transport tunnel, opening the stone gate to uncover the coal, connecting with the face transport tunnel and face return air tunnel, arranging the working face along the strike to mine downward, the mining face can be tilted from the face return air tunnel to the face transport tunnel with a slope of less than 18 degrees to achieve mechanized mining; Step 3: The coal mining face can be mined from below the wind-oxidized zone on the surface, or it can be mined from a horizontal floor transport lane or floor extraction lane in the mine, and then a stone gate can be arranged and the coal mining face can be arranged along the direction of the coal seam. Each section is equipped with a section main transport lane; Step 4: The main transport lane and main return air lane of the section are supported by 15 square anchor nets and steel belts in the rock section. The lane adopts the integration of machine and track. The face transport lane and face return air lane adopt anchor nets and steel beams for support. The goaf area on the side of the mining working face is supported by first supporting, drilling and grouting, and then anchor nets and steel beams for support. The face transport lane and the face return air lane have a rectangular section of 6.3 meters wide and 2.5 meters high, which are separated from the middle. The coal seam in the face transport lane is transported by self-sliding, and the main materials and pedestrians are transported by the return air lane. Materials can also be transported from the face transport lane to the working face. The face transport lane also serves as the air intake lane. Step 5: The support method of the return airway is the same as that of the transport tunnel. Material transport and pedestrian devices are installed. According to the different slopes of the coal seams, the pedestrian and material transport machinery are different. The pedestrian and material transport machinery include winches and tank cages or special pedestrian material transport vehicles; Step 6: The mining face is equipped with a hydraulic flexible shielding support with a large dip angle, which is made of all steel. The working face is equipped with a turning belt, which is fixed on the bottom plate side of the mining face support. The coal is transported to the mining face transport lane, slided to the main transport lane, and then transported out of the ground. The coal mining machine uses the existing excavator loader to mine coal, digging down to the belt; Step 7: For gas control at the mining face, a coal mining machine is equipped with a drilling machine to drill discharge holes and extraction holes. It is fully hydraulically powered, small in size, with a hole diameter of 300mm and a hole depth of 40 meters. The mining face transport tunnel and the mining face return air tunnel adopt the existing "four-in-one" gas control method.

[0010] The present invention arranges the mining face transport tunnel and the mining face return air tunnel along the coal seam inclination angle (coal seam slope), arranges the mining face transport tunnel and the mining face return air tunnel at both ends of the coal seam direction at the mine boundary, designs a section every 75 meters, the main transport tunnel is located in the lower coal seam floor and the stone gate of the section and is connected with the mining face transport tunnel, the main return air tunnel is located in the upper coal seam floor and the stone gate of the section and is connected with the mining face return air tunnel, arranges the working face along the coal seam direction, mines downward along the coal seam inclination angle, mines in horizontal and sectional areas, arranges the floor transport tunnel and the water storage, the power distribution room, the refuge chamber, the electromechanical chamber at the elevation of 75 meters to 150 meters, and is connected with the mining face transport tunnel and the mining face return air tunnel, utilizes the existing floor extraction tunnel or floor transport tunnel, opens the stone gate to expose the coal, and The mining face transport tunnel is connected with the mining face return air tunnel, and the working face is arranged along the strike direction for downward mining. The mining face can be tilted from the mining face return air tunnel to the mining face transport tunnel at a slope of less than 18 degrees to achieve mechanized mining. The coal mining working face can be arranged from below the wind oxidation zone on the surface for downward mining, or it can be arranged from a horizontal floor transport tunnel or floor extraction tunnel in the mine and then the stone gate is arranged and the coal mining working face is arranged along the strike direction of the coal seam for downward mining. Each section is arranged with the section main transport tunnel. The section main transport tunnel and the main return air tunnel are supported by 15 square anchor mesh sprayed steel belts in the rock section. The tunnel adopts the integration of machine and track. The mining face transport tunnel and the mining face return air tunnel adopt anchor mesh sprayed steel beam support. The side goaf of the mining face is supported by first support and drilling and injection. slurry, and then anchor net spraying and steel beam support are carried out. The mining face transport lane and the mining face return air lane have a rectangular section of 6.3 meters wide and 2.5 meters high, separated from the middle. The coal seam in the mining face transport lane is transported by self-sliding, and the main materials and pedestrians are transported by the return air lane. Materials can also be transported from the mining face transport lane to the working face. The mining face transport lane also serves as the air intake lane. The support method of the return air lane is the same as that of the transport lane. Material and pedestrian devices are installed. According to the different slopes of the coal seams, the pedestrians and material transport machinery are different. The pedestrians and material transport machinery include winches and tank cages or special pedestrian material transport vehicles. The mining face is installed with a large-angle hydraulic flexible shielding support for the steeply inclined coal seam, which is made of all-steel materials. The working face is installed with a turning belt fixed on the mining face On the bottom plate side of the support, the coal is transported to the mining face transport lane and then to the main transport lane, and then transported out of the ground. The coal mining machine uses the existing excavator loader to mine coal and digs downward onto the belt. The mining face gas control uses a coal mining machine equipped with a puncher to drill discharge holes and extraction holes. It is fully hydraulically powered, small in size, with a hole diameter of 300mm and a hole depth of 40 meters. The mining face transport lane and the mining face return air lane adopt the existing "four-in-one" gas control method. The transport lane of the present invention is arranged along the inclination angle, which is equivalent to the cutting eye of the existing coal mining working face. Both the transport and return lanes are excavated from top to bottom, and there is no need for the existing mining method to go to the transport lane. The present invention has a simple process, a long working face, a small amount of excavation, safe and reliable tunnel support, and easy mining face gas control.

[0011] Finally: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-angle, steep-inclined, segmented mechanized mining method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Arrange the mining face transportation tunnel and mining face return air tunnel along the coal seam dip angle (coal seam slope). The mining face transportation tunnel and mining face return air tunnel are arranged at both ends of the coal seam trend at the mine boundary. A section is designed every 75 meters. The main transportation tunnel is located in the lower coal seam floor and stone gate of the section and is connected with the mining face transportation tunnel. The main return air tunnel is located in the upper coal seam floor and stone gate of the section and is connected with the mining face return air tunnel. Arrange the working face along the coal seam trend and mine downward along the coal seam dip angle. Step 2: Horizontal and sectional mining, arranging floor transport tunnels and water tanks, power distribution rooms, refuge chambers, electromechanical chambers at elevations of 75 to 150 meters, connecting with the face transport tunnel and face return air tunnel, using the existing floor extraction tunnel or floor transport tunnel, opening the stone gate to uncover the coal, connecting with the face transport tunnel and face return air tunnel, arranging the working face along the strike to mine downward, the mining face can be tilted from the face return air tunnel to the face transport tunnel with a slope of less than 18 degrees to achieve mechanized mining; Step 3: The coal mining face can be mined from below the wind-oxidized zone on the surface, or it can be mined from a horizontal floor transport lane or floor extraction lane in the mine, and then a stone gate can be arranged and the coal mining face can be arranged along the direction of the coal seam. Each section is equipped with a section main transport lane; Step 4: The main transport lane and main return air lane of the section are supported by 15 square anchor nets and steel belts in the rock section. The lane adopts the integration of machine and track. The face transport lane and face return air lane adopt anchor nets and steel beams for support. The goaf area on the side of the mining working face is supported by first supporting, drilling and grouting, and then anchor nets and steel beams for support. The face transport lane and the face return air lane have a rectangular section of 6.3 meters wide and 2.5 meters high, which are separated from the middle. The coal seam in the face transport lane is transported by self-sliding, and the main materials and pedestrians are transported by the return air lane. Materials can also be transported from the face transport lane to the working face. The face transport lane also serves as the air intake lane. Step 5: The support method of the return airway is the same as that of the transport tunnel. Material transport and pedestrian devices are installed. According to the different slopes of the coal seams, the pedestrian and material transport machinery are different. The pedestrian and material transport machinery include winches and tank cages or special pedestrian material transport vehicles; Step 6: The mining face is equipped with a hydraulic flexible shielding support with a large dip angle, which is made of all steel. The working face is equipped with a turning belt, which is fixed on the bottom plate side of the mining face support. The coal is transported to the mining face transport lane, slided to the main transport lane, and then transported out of the ground. The coal mining machine uses the existing excavator loader to mine coal, digging down to the belt; Step 7: For gas control at the mining face, a drilling machine is installed on the coal mining machine to drill discharge holes and extraction holes. It is fully hydraulically powered, small in size, with a hole diameter of 300mm and a hole depth of 40 meters. The existing "four-in-one" gas control method is adopted in the mining face transport tunnel and the mining face return air tunnel.

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