Non-blasting excavation device for railway tunnel inverted arch and excavation method of non-blasting excavation device

Abstract

The invention discloses a non-blasting excavation device for a railway tunnel inverted arch and an excavation method of the non-blasting excavation device. The excavation method comprises the steps that a machine body of a first driver is fixed to an inverted arch trestle; the body of the driver II is fixed with an output rotating shaft of the driver I; the body of the driver III is fixed with an output rotating shaft of the driver II; the telescopic piece I is fixed with an output rotating shaft of the driver III; the telescopic part II is fixed with the telescopic end of the telescopic part I; the drilling machine is fixed to the telescopic end of the second telescopic part, the drill bit is coaxially fixed to an output rotating shaft of the drilling machine, and the end, away from the drilling machine, of the drill bit can drill round holes in the vertical face and the horizontal face of the lower step. And the splitting rod can be inserted into the circular hole. The drill bit can drill horizontally-arranged round holes and vertically-arranged round holes in the lower step. The position adjustment of the drill bit and the feeding of the drill bit do not need to be manually adjusted, and the position adjustment of the drill bit is high in speed and high in precision; the splitting rod can split the lower step into a plurality of blocks and move the blocks out of the tunnel through a transport vehicle; and the efficiency and the precision of the lower step excavation process are relatively high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of tunnel construction equipment, and more particularly to a non-explosive excavation device for a railway tunnel invert and an excavation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the process of tunnel excavation using the step method, the lower section (lower step) is excavated after the upper section (upper step) is excavated a certain distance in advance. The conventional excavation method for the lower step is directional blasting. This excavation method for the lower step has certain safety risks. In addition, the pre-excavation preparation time is long, the dust and particulate matter generated during blasting affect the subsequent construction, and vehicles and construction operations cannot pass on the trestle during blasting. The long excavation time affects the construction period.

[0003] Therefore, how to provide a non-explosive excavation device and excavation method for a railway tunnel invert, so as to overcome the above problems, is a problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a non-explosive excavation device for a railway tunnel invert.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A non-explosive excavation device for a railway tunnel invert is used to excavate the lower step of a tunnel constructed by a step method, wherein an invert trestle is arranged in the tunnel, comprising:

[0007] A displacement assembly, the displacement assembly comprises a driving machine 1, a driving machine 2 and a driving machine 3, the fuselage of the driving machine 1 is fixed to the inverted arch trestle, the axis centerline of the output shaft of the driving machine 1 is horizontal and parallel to the length direction of the inverted arch trestle; the fuselage of the driving machine 2 is fixed to the output shaft of the driving machine 1, the axis centerline of the output shaft of the driving machine 2 is perpendicular to the axis centerline of the output shaft of the driving machine 1; the fuselage of the driving machine 3 is fixed to the output shaft of the driving machine 2, the axis centerline of the output shaft of the driving machine 3 is perpendicular to the axis centerline of the output shaft of the driving machine 2;

[0008] A telescopic member 1, wherein the telescopic member 1 is fixed to the output shaft of the driving machine 3, and the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the telescopic member 1 is perpendicular to the axis of the output shaft of the driving machine 3;

[0009] A telescopic member 2, wherein the telescopic member 2 is fixed to the telescopic end of the telescopic member 1, and the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the telescopic member 2 is perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the telescopic member 1 and is parallel to the axis of the output shaft of the driving machine 3;

[0010] A drilling assembly, the drilling assembly comprising a drill and a drill bit, the drill being fixed to the telescopic end of the telescopic member 2, the drill being coaxially fixed to an output shaft of the drill, the axis of the drill being parallel to the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the telescopic member 2, and the end of the drill bit away from the drill being capable of drilling a circular hole on the vertical surface and the horizontal surface of the lower step;

[0011] A controller, wherein the driving machine 1, the driving machine 2, the driving machine 3, the telescopic member 1, the telescopic member 2 and the drilling rig are all electrically connected to the controller;

[0012] A splitting rod is connected to an external hydraulic power station through an oil pipe, and the splitting rod can be inserted into the circular hole.

[0013] It can be seen from the above technical scheme that, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a non-explosive excavation device for a railway tunnel invert. The present invention designs a displacement assembly, a telescopic member 1, a telescopic member 2, a drilling assembly and a splitting rod. Through the actions of a driving machine 1, a driving machine 2, a driving machine 3 and a telescopic member 1, the position of the drill bit can be adjusted so that the axis of the drill bit can be perpendicular to both the vertical surface of the lower step and the horizontal surface of the lower step, that is, a drill bit can be used to open a horizontally arranged circular hole and a vertically arranged circular hole on the lower step; the telescopic member 2 can control the drilling assembly and the splitting rod. The controller can control the driving machine 1, the driving machine 2, the driving machine 3, the telescopic member 1, the telescopic member 2 and the drilling rig action, so that the position adjustment of the drill bit and the feed of the drill bit do not need manual adjustment by manpower, and the adjustment speed of the drill bit position is fast and the accuracy is high; the splitting rod can be inserted into the vertically arranged circular hole, and the splitting rod can split the lower step into multiple pieces, and the lower step split into multiple pieces can be moved out of the tunnel by a transport vehicle; the above excavation device makes the lower step excavation process safe, reliable and efficient, and because the position of the drill bit can be accurately adjusted, the excavation accuracy of the lower step is high.

[0014] Preferably, the first driver, the second driver and the third driver are all servo reduction motors. The first driver, the second driver and the third driver can be precisely controlled, and the drill bit position can be precisely adjusted.

[0015] Preferably, the telescopic member 1 includes a connecting member 1 and a telescopic cylinder, the connecting member 1 is fixed to the output shaft of the driving machine 3, the telescopic cylinder is fixed to the connecting member 1, and the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder is fixed to the telescopic member 2. The telescopic cylinder can drive the telescopic member 2 to telescope, and the telescopic cylinder can be reliably fixed to the output shaft of the driving machine 3.

[0016] Preferably, a guide member is further included, the guide member includes a sleeve and an insertion rod, one end of the insertion rod is fixed to the first connecting member, the other end of the insertion rod is slidably inserted in the sleeve, the end of the sleeve away from the insertion rod is fixed to the second telescopic member, the length direction of the sleeve is the same as the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder. The insertion rod can slide in the sleeve, and the telescopic cylinder can drive the second telescopic member to move stably.

[0017] Preferably, the telescopic member 2 includes a mounting frame, a polished rod, a screw rod, a motor and a slider, and the end of the sleeve away from the insertion tube and the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder are fixed to the mounting frame; both ends of the polished rod are fixed to the mounting frame, the length direction of the polished rod is perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder, and the length direction of the polished rod is parallel to the axis of the output shaft of the driving machine 3; the screw rod is rotatably supported on the mounting frame, and the length direction of the screw rod is the same as the length direction of the polished rod; the motor is fixed to the mounting frame, and the output shaft of the motor is coaxially fixed with the screw rod; a through hole and a threaded hole are opened on the slider, the polished rod is slidably penetrated in the through hole, the screw rod is screwed in the threaded hole, and the drilling rig is fixed to the slider. When the motor rotates, it can drive the drilling rig to move along the length direction of the polished rod.

[0018] A non-explosive excavation method for a railway tunnel invert adopts the non-explosive excavation device for a railway tunnel invert as described above. The method is as follows:

[0019] ① After the inverted arch trestle is arranged in place, the fuselage of the driving machine 1 is fixed to the inverted arch trestle. In the initial state, the axis center line of the output shaft of the driving machine 1, the axis center line of the output shaft of the driving machine 2, the axis center line of the output shaft of the driving machine 3 and the axis center line of the drill bit are coplanar, the drill bit is located below the inverted arch trestle, and an end of the drill bit away from the drilling machine has a gap with the vertical surface of the lower step;

[0020] ② The second and third driving machines are stationary, and the first driving machine and the telescopic member are started first to adjust the position of the drill bit. After the drill bit is adjusted to the right position, the first driving machine and the telescopic member are stopped, and then the telescopic member 2 and the drilling machine are started, and the drill bit drills the circular hole on the vertical surface of the lower step. After the circular hole is drilled, the drill bit is removed from the circular hole.

[0021] ③ Repeat step ②, so that the drill bit opens a plurality of circular holes on the vertical surface of the lower step, the plurality of circular holes on the vertical surface of the lower step are arranged in sequence along the inner contour of the tunnel invert, and the center distance between each two adjacent circular holes on the vertical surface of the lower step is smaller than the aperture of the circular hole;

[0022] ④ After the drilling of the plurality of circular holes on the vertical surface of the lower step is completed, the driving machine 1, the driving machine 2 and the driving machine 3 are operated to arrange the axis center line of the drill bit vertically, the drill bit is located above the horizontal surface of the lower step, and the drilling machine is located above the drill bit; then the driving machine 1 and the driving machine 2 stop operating, and the position of the drill bit is adjusted by means of the driving machine 3 and the telescopic member 1. After the position of the drill bit is adjusted to the right position, the driving machine 3 and the telescopic member 1 also stop operating, and the telescopic member 2 and the drilling machine start operating, and the drill bit drills the circular holes on the horizontal surface of the lower step. After the drilling of the circular holes is completed, the drill bit is removed from the circular holes;

[0023] ⑤ Repeat step ④, so that the drill bit opens a plurality of circular holes on the horizontal surface of the lower step, the plurality of circular holes on the horizontal surface of the lower step are arranged in sequence along the width direction of the tunnel, and the plurality of circular holes on the horizontal surface of the lower step are connected with the plurality of circular holes on the vertical surface of the lower step;

[0024] ⑥ Insert the splitting rod into the circular hole on the horizontal surface of the lower step, then start the splitting rod, the splitting rod splits the lower step into multiple pieces, and the lower step split into multiple pieces is transported out of the tunnel by a transport vehicle.

[0025] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a non-explosive excavation method for railway tunnel inverts, which can achieve the following technical effects:

[0026] The excavation of the lower step relies on the drilling of the drill bit and the splitting action of the splitting rod to achieve the crushing of the lower step. The method is used to excavate the lower step, and the excavation process is safe, reliable and efficient. In addition, since the position of the drill bit can be accurately adjusted, the excavation accuracy of the lower step is high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a front view of a non-explosive excavation device for a railway tunnel invert when opening a horizontally arranged circular hole;

[0029] Figure 2 It is an axonometric diagram of a non-explosive excavation device for a railway tunnel invert when opening a horizontally arranged circular hole;

[0030] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the middle A;

[0031] Figure 4 It is an axonometric diagram of a non-explosive excavation device for a railway tunnel invert when opening a vertically arranged circular hole.

[0032] In the figure:

[0033] 1 is a lower step, 2 is an inverted trestle, 3 is a driving machine 1, 4 is a driving machine 2, 5 is a driving machine 3, 6 is a connecting piece 1, 7 is a telescopic cylinder, 8 is a mounting frame, 9 is a bare rod, 10 is a screw rod, 11 is a motor, 12 is a slider, 13 is a drilling rig, 14 is a drill bit, 15 is a controller, 16 is a splitting rod, 17 is a casing, and 18 is an insertion rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] The present invention discloses a non-explosive excavation device for a railway tunnel invert and an excavation method thereof. The present invention designs a displacement assembly, a telescopic member 1, a telescopic member 2, a drilling assembly and a splitting rod 16. Through the actions of a driving machine 1 3, a driving machine 2 4, a driving machine 3 5 and the telescopic member 1, the position of a drill bit 14 can be adjusted, so that the axis of the drill bit 14 can be perpendicular to both the vertical surface of a lower step 1 and the horizontal surface of the lower step 1, that is, the circular holes arranged horizontally and the circular holes arranged vertically on the lower step 1 can be opened by a single drill bit 14.

[0036] The second telescopic member can control the feed of the drill bit 14 during the drilling process;

[0037] The controller 15 can control the actions of the driver 1 3, the driver 2 4, the driver 3 5, the telescopic member 1, the telescopic member 2 and the drilling machine 13, so that the position adjustment of the drill bit 14 and the feeding of the drill bit 14 do not need manual adjustment, and the adjustment speed of the position of the drill bit 14 is fast and the accuracy is high;

[0038] By designing the splitting rod 16, after the vertically arranged circular holes and the horizontally arranged circular holes on the lower step 1 are opened, the splitting rod 16 can be inserted into the vertically arranged circular holes, and the splitting rod 16 can split the lower step 1 into multiple pieces, and the split lower step 1 can be moved out of the tunnel by a transport vehicle;

[0039] The above-mentioned excavation device relies on the drilling action of the drill bit 14 and the splitting action of the splitting rod 16 to achieve the crushing of the lower step 1. The method is used to excavate the lower step 1, and the excavation process is safe, reliable and efficient. In addition, since the position of the drill bit 14 can be accurately adjusted, the excavation accuracy of the lower step 1 is high.

[0040] Example

[0041] See attached Figure 1-4 The whole and part of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown. The present invention specifically discloses a non-explosive excavation device for a railway tunnel invert, which excavates a lower step 1 of a tunnel constructed by a step method, and an invert trestle 2 is arranged in the tunnel. The device comprises:

[0042] The displacement component includes a driving machine 1 3, a driving machine 2 4 and a driving machine 3 5;

[0043] The body of the driving machine 3 is fixed to the lower side of the inverted arch trestle 2, that is, the driving machine 3 is located below the inverted arch trestle 2, and the axis of the output shaft of the driving machine 3 is horizontal and parallel to the length direction of the inverted arch trestle 2; the driving machine is arranged in the center along the width direction of the inverted arch trestle 2;

[0044] The body of the driving machine 2 4 is fixed to the output shaft of the driving machine 1 3, and the axis center line of the output shaft of the driving machine 2 4 is perpendicular to the axis center line of the output shaft of the driving machine 1 3;

[0045] The body of the driving machine 3 5 is fixed to the output shaft of the driving machine 2 4, and the axis center line of the output shaft of the driving machine 3 5 is perpendicular to the axis center line of the output shaft of the driving machine 2 4;

[0046] Telescopic member 1, the telescopic member 1 is fixed to the output shaft of the driving machine 3 5, and the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the telescopic member 1 is perpendicular to the axis of the output shaft of the driving machine 3 5;

[0047] Telescopic member 2, the telescopic member 2 is fixed to the telescopic end of the telescopic member 1, the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the telescopic member 2 is perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the telescopic member 1 and is parallel to the axis of the output shaft of the driving machine 3 5;

[0048] A drilling assembly, the drilling assembly includes a drill 13 and a drill bit 14, the drill 13 is fixed to the telescopic end of the telescopic member 2, the drill bit 14 is coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the drill 13, the axis of the drill bit 14 is parallel to the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the telescopic member 2, the end of the drill bit 14 away from the drill 13 can drill a circular hole on the vertical surface and the horizontal surface of the lower step 1, the drill bit 14 can drill a circular blind hole on the vertical surface and the horizontal surface of the lower step 1, and the drill bit 14 is a water drill bit or a solid drill bit;

[0049] The controller 15 is fixed on the body of the driving machine 1 3. The driving machine 1 3, the driving machine 2 4, the driving machine 3 5, the telescopic member 1, the telescopic member 2 and the drilling machine 13 are all electrically connected to the controller 15; the controller 15 can control the actions of the driving machine 1 3, the driving machine 2 4, the driving machine 3 5 and the telescopic member 1, thereby realizing the position adjustment of the drill bit 14; the controller 15 can control the actions of the telescopic member 2 and the drilling machine 13, thereby realizing the rotation of the drill bit 14 and the feeding of the drill bit 14 during the drilling process;

[0050] The splitting rod 16 is connected to the external hydraulic power station through an oil pipe. The splitting rod 16 can be inserted into the round hole. The splitting rod 16 is a prior art. The splitting rod 16 can split the lower step 1 of the tunnel into multiple pieces.

[0051] The driver 1 3 , the driver 2 4 and the driver 3 5 in the present application are all servo reduction motors, and the controller 15 can control the precise movement of the driver 1 3 , the driver 2 4 and the driver 3 5 , thereby achieving precise adjustment of the position of the drill bit 14 .

[0052] Telescopic member 1 includes connecting member 1 6 and telescopic cylinder 7. Connecting member 1 6 is fixed to the output shaft of driving machine 3 5. Telescopic cylinder 7 is fixed to connecting member 1 6. The telescopic end of telescopic cylinder 7 is fixed to telescopic member 2. Telescopic cylinder 7 is an electric cylinder. Telescopic cylinder 7 is electrically connected to controller 15.

[0053] To be more specific, it also includes a guide member, which includes a sleeve 17 and an insertion rod 18. One end of the insertion rod 18 is fixed to the connecting member 6, and the other end of the insertion rod 18 is slidably inserted in the sleeve 17. The end of the sleeve 17 away from the insertion rod 18 is fixed to the telescopic member 2, and the tube length direction of the sleeve 17 is the same as the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder 7; the design of the sleeve 17 and the insertion rod 18 can ensure the stability of the movement of the telescopic member 2, and ensure that the telescopic cylinder 7 can reliably drive the telescopic member 2 to move.

[0054] The telescopic member 2 includes a mounting frame 8, a polished rod 9, a screw rod 10, a motor 11 and a slider 12. The end of the sleeve 17 away from the plug rod 18 and the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder 7 are fixed to the mounting frame 8; both ends of the polished rod 9 are fixed to the mounting frame 8, the length direction of the polished rod 9 is perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder 7, and the length direction of the polished rod 9 is parallel to the axis of the output shaft of the driving machine 3 5; the mounting frame 8 is rotatably supported by a screw rod 10, and the length direction of the screw rod 10 is the same as the length direction of the polished rod 9; the motor 1 1 is fixed on the mounting frame 8, and the output shaft of the motor 11 is coaxially fixed with the screw rod 10; a through hole and a threaded hole are opened on the slider 12, a polished rod 9 is slidably penetrated in the through hole, and a screw rod 10 is screwed in the threaded hole, and the drilling machine 13 is fixed to the slider 12; the motor 11 is electrically connected to the controller 15, and the motor 11 is a servo motor. The motor 11 drives the screw rod 10 to rotate, and the screw rod 10 is screwed with the slider 12. When the screw rod 10 rotates, the slider 12 can move along the length direction of the polished rod 9, thereby realizing the feeding of the drill bit 14.

[0055] A non-explosive excavation method for a railway tunnel invert, the method being as follows:

[0056] ① After the inverted arch trestle 2 is arranged in place, the fuselage of the driving machine 1 3 is fixed to the inverted arch trestle 2. In the initial state, the axis center line of the output shaft of the driving machine 1 3, the axis center line of the output shaft of the driving machine 2 4, the axis center line of the output shaft of the driving machine 3 5 and the axis center line of the drill bit 14 are coplanar, and the drill bit 14 is located below the inverted arch trestle 2, and the end of the drill bit 14 away from the drilling machine 13 has a gap with the vertical surface of the lower step 1;

[0057] ② The driving machine 2 4 and the driving machine 3 5 are not moved, and the driving machine 1 3 and the telescopic member 1 are started first to adjust the position of the drill bit 14. After the position of the drill bit 14 is adjusted to the right position, the driving machine 1 3 and the telescopic member 1 stop moving, and then the telescopic member 2 and the drilling machine 13 are moved, and the drill bit 14 drills a circular hole on the vertical surface of the lower step 1. After the circular hole drilling is completed, the drill bit 14 is removed from the circular hole;

[0058] ③ Repeat step ②, so that the drill bit 14 opens a plurality of circular holes on the vertical surface of the lower step 1, the plurality of circular holes on the vertical surface of the lower step 1 are arranged in sequence along the inner contour of the tunnel invert, and the center distance between each two adjacent circular holes on the vertical surface of the lower step 1 is less than the aperture of the circular hole, that is, the plurality of circular holes on the vertical surface of the lower step 1 are connected to each other;

[0059] ④ After the drilling of multiple circular holes on the vertical surface of the lower step 1 is completed, the driving machine 1 3, the driving machine 2 4 and the driving machine 3 5 are operated to arrange the axis of the drill bit 14 vertically, the drill bit 14 is located above the horizontal surface of the lower step 1, the drilling machine 13 is located above the drill bit 14, and there is a gap between the lower end of the drill bit 14 and the horizontal surface of the lower step 1; then the driving machine 1 3 and the driving machine 2 4 stop operating, and the position of the drill bit 14 is adjusted by the driving machine 3 5 and the telescopic member 1. After the position of the drill bit 14 is adjusted in place, the driving machine 3 5 and the telescopic member 1 also stop operating, and the telescopic member 2 and the drilling machine 13 start operating, and the drill bit 14 drills circular holes on the horizontal surface of the lower step 1. After the drilling of the circular holes is completed, the drill bit 14 is removed from the circular holes;

[0060] ⑤ Repeat step ④, so that the drill bit 14 opens a plurality of circular holes on the horizontal surface of the lower step 1, the plurality of circular holes on the horizontal surface of the lower step 1 are arranged in sequence along the width direction of the tunnel, and the plurality of circular holes on the horizontal surface of the lower step 1 are connected with the plurality of circular holes on the vertical surface of the lower step 1;

[0061] ⑥ Insert the splitting rod 16 into the circular hole on the horizontal plane of the lower step 1, then start the splitting rod 16, the splitting rod 16 splits the lower step 1 into multiple pieces, and the split lower step 1 is transported out of the tunnel by a transport vehicle.

[0062] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0063] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A non-explosive excavation device for a railway tunnel invert, for excavating a lower step (1) of a tunnel constructed by a step method, wherein an invert trestle (2) is arranged in the tunnel, characterized in that: include: A displacement assembly, the displacement assembly comprising a driving machine 1 (3), a driving machine 2 (4) and a driving machine 3 (5), the body of the driving machine 1 (3) being fixed to the inverted arch trestle (2), the axis centerline of the output shaft of the driving machine 1 (3) being horizontal and parallel to the length direction of the inverted arch trestle (2); the body of the driving machine 2 (4) being fixed to the output shaft of the driving machine 1 (3), the axis centerline of the output shaft of the driving machine 2 (4) being perpendicular to the axis centerline of the output shaft of the driving machine 1 (3); the body of the driving machine 3 (5) being fixed to the output shaft of the driving machine 2 (4), the axis centerline of the output shaft of the driving machine 3 (5) being perpendicular to the axis centerline of the output shaft of the driving machine 2 (4); A telescopic member 1, wherein the telescopic member 1 is fixed to the output shaft of the driving machine 3 (5), and the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the telescopic member 1 is perpendicular to the axis of the output shaft of the driving machine 3 (5); A telescopic member 2, wherein the telescopic member 2 is fixed to the telescopic end of the telescopic member 1, and the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the telescopic member 2 is perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the telescopic member 1 and is parallel to the axis of the output shaft of the driving machine 3 (5); A drilling assembly, the drilling assembly comprising a drill (13) and a drill bit (14), the drill (13) being fixed to the telescopic end of the telescopic member 2, the drill bit (14) being coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the drill (13), the axis of the drill bit (14) being parallel to the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the telescopic member 2, and the end of the drill bit (14) away from the drill (13) being capable of drilling circular holes on the vertical surface and the horizontal surface of the lower step (1); A controller (15), wherein the driving machine 1 (3), the driving machine 2 (4), the driving machine 3 (5), the telescopic member 1, the telescopic member 2 and the drilling machine (13) are all electrically connected to the controller (15); A splitting rod (16), wherein the splitting rod (16) is connected to an external hydraulic power station via an oil pipe, and the splitting rod (16) can be inserted into the circular hole.

2. The non-explosive excavation device for railway tunnel invert according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving machine 1 (3), the driving machine 2 (4) and the driving machine 3 (5) are all servo reduction motors.

3. The non-explosive excavation device for railway tunnel invert according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic member 1 comprises a connecting member 1 (6) and a telescopic cylinder (7), wherein the connecting member 1 (6) is fixed to the output shaft of the driving machine 3 (5), the telescopic cylinder (7) is fixed to the connecting member 1 (6), and the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder (7) is fixed to the telescopic member 2.

4. The non-explosive excavation device for railway tunnel invert according to claim 3, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a guide member, wherein the guide member comprises a sleeve (17) and an insertion rod (18), one end of the insertion rod (18) is fixed to the first connecting member (6), the other end of the insertion rod (18) is slidably inserted in the sleeve (17), one end of the sleeve (17) away from the insertion rod (18) is fixed to the second telescopic member, and the tube length direction of the sleeve (17) is the same as the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder (7).

5. The non-explosive excavation device for railway tunnel invert according to claim 4, characterized in that: The telescopic member 2 comprises a mounting frame (8), a polished rod (9), a screw rod (10), a motor (11) and a slider (12); the end of the sleeve (17) away from the insertion rod (18) and the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder (7) are both fixed to the mounting frame (8); both ends of the polished rod (9) are fixed to the mounting frame (8); the length direction of the polished rod (9) is perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder (7); the length direction of the polished rod (9) is perpendicular to the axis of the output shaft of the driving machine 3 (5). The screw rod (10) is rotatably supported on the mounting frame (8), and the length direction of the screw rod (10) is the same as the length direction of the smooth rod (9); the motor (11) is fixed on the mounting frame (8), and the output shaft of the motor (11) is coaxially fixed with the screw rod (10); a through hole and a threaded hole are opened on the slider (12), the smooth rod (9) is slidably inserted in the through hole, and the screw rod (10) is screwed in the threaded hole, and the drilling machine (13) is fixed to the slider (12).

6. A non-explosive excavation method for a railway tunnel invert, characterized in that: Using the non-explosive excavation device for railway tunnel inverts as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, the method is as follows: ① After the inverted arch bridge (2) is arranged in place, the fuselage of the driving machine 1 (3) is fixed to the inverted arch bridge (2). In the initial state, the axis of the output shaft of the driving machine 1 (3), the axis of the output shaft of the driving machine 2 (4), the axis of the output shaft of the driving machine 3 (5) and the axis of the drill bit (14) are coplanar. The drill bit (14) is located below the inverted arch bridge (2). An end of the drill bit (14) away from the drilling machine (13) has a gap with the vertical surface of the lower step (1); ② The second driving machine (4) and the third driving machine (5) are kept stationary, and the first driving machine (3) and the telescopic member (1) are started first to adjust the position of the drill bit (14). After the position of the drill bit (14) is adjusted to the right position, the first driving machine (3) and the telescopic member (1) stop moving, and then the telescopic member (2) and the drilling machine (13) are started, and the drill bit (14) drills the circular hole on the vertical surface of the lower step (1). After the drilling of the circular hole is completed, the drill bit (14) is removed from the circular hole; ③ Repeat step ②, so that the drill bit (14) opens a plurality of circular holes on the vertical surface of the lower step (1), the plurality of circular holes on the vertical surface of the lower step (1) are arranged in sequence along the inner contour of the tunnel invert, and the center distance between each two adjacent circular holes on the vertical surface of the lower step (1) is smaller than the aperture of the circular hole; ④ After the drilling of the plurality of circular holes on the vertical surface of the lower step (1) is completed, the driving machine 1 (3), the driving machine 2 (4) and the driving machine 3 (5) are operated to arrange the axis of the drill bit (14) vertically, the drill bit (14) is located above the horizontal surface of the lower step (1), and the drilling machine (13) is located above the drill bit (14); then the driving machine 1 (3) and the driving machine 2 (4) stop operating, and the position of the drill bit (14) is adjusted by means of the driving machine 3 (5) and the telescopic member 1. After the position of the drill bit (14) is adjusted to the right position, the driving machine 3 (5) and the telescopic member 1 also stop operating, and the telescopic member 2 and the drilling machine (13) start operating, and the drill bit (14) drills the circular holes on the horizontal surface of the lower step (1). After the drilling of the circular holes is completed, the drill bit (14) is removed from the circular holes; ⑤ Repeat step ④, so that the drill bit (14) opens a plurality of circular holes on the horizontal surface of the lower step (1), the plurality of circular holes on the horizontal surface of the lower step (1) are arranged in sequence along the width direction of the tunnel, and the plurality of circular holes on the horizontal surface of the lower step (1) are connected with the plurality of circular holes on the vertical surface of the lower step (1); ⑥ Insert the splitting rod (16) into the circular hole on the horizontal plane of the lower step (1), then start the splitting rod (16), so that the splitting rod (16) splits the lower step (1) into multiple pieces, and the split lower step (1) is transported out of the tunnel by a transport vehicle.

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