Anchor rod for hard rock single-layer lining construction

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of tunnel construction, in particular to an anchor rod for hard rock single-layer lining construction, which comprises a rod body, the inside of the rod body is hollow, a grouting channel is formed, a plurality of layers of first slurry outlets are formed in the radial direction of the rod body, and each layer of first slurry outlets are annularly distributed along the rod body; an anchor head; the anchor head is fixed to one side of the rod body, a cavity is formed in the anchor head and communicates with the grouting channel, and second grouting openings are formed in the anchor head and distributed in the annular direction of the anchor head; one side of the barb is hinged to the outer surface of the anchor head, and the other side of the barb abuts against the inner wall of an anchor hole drilled in the rock wall; the barbs are annularly distributed along the anchor head; a stop-grouting plug; a backing plate; a nut; a slurry inlet; one side of the second spring is fixed on the outer surface of the rod body; the second spring is at least arranged on the rod body opposite to the lower wall face of the anchor hole. The problem that when grouting is conducted through an anchor rod in an anchor hole, the anchoring agent is laid unevenly due to deformation of the anchor rod is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of tunnel construction, and in particular to an anchor rod used for hard rock single-layer lining construction. Background Art

[0002] In the construction of single-layer lining of hard rock, the use of anchor rods is crucial. They provide stable support for the tunnel and enhance the bearing capacity of the surrounding rock. There are many types of anchor rods, among which hollow grouting anchor rods are widely used. Hollow grouting anchor rods have multiple advantages such as fast initial support, full grouting, corrosion resistance, easy installation, improved construction efficiency, saving material costs, small size, corrosion resistance, providing stronger fixing force, environmental protection and energy saving, and adaptability to complex geological conditions. It has been widely used in modern engineering support, effectively improving the safety and economy of the project.

[0003] The invention patent with application number 201811467974.5 discloses a hollow grouting anchor rod body, which is made of resin and has a hollow structure with a through cavity. The inner walls of the upper and lower ends of the rod body are provided with internal threads; the outer wall is half-embedded with a first exhaust pipe in a spiral state and a second exhaust pipe in a vertical state, and at the intersection, the exhaust through holes of the two are connected, and the rod body and the first exhaust pipe and the second exhaust pipe are an integrated structure: a plurality of slurry outlet holes connected to the through cavity and the exhaust through holes are also arranged at intervals in the height direction of the rod body. It has the characteristics of corrosion resistance, durability, light weight, high tensile strength and easy processing and manufacturing. The design of multiple slurry outlet holes and unique exhaust pipe structure can discharge the air in the anchor hole as much as possible, so that the anchor agent can be kept uniform and full in the entire length, thereby enhancing the grip of the anchor agent on the anchor rod, thereby improving the anchoring quality of geotechnical engineering.

[0004] The above technology can evenly distribute the anchoring agent in the space where the anchor rod is located by setting multiple grouting outlets, thereby improving the gripping force of the anchor rod. However, in actual engineering applications, the length of the anchor rod can be selected according to construction needs, especially for hollow grouting anchor rods. Taking horizontally installed anchor rods as an example, due to their hollow properties, when the anchor rod is too long, it is easy to bend the anchor rod when the anchoring agent is injected, affecting the grouting efficiency of the anchor rod, and may cause the anchor rod to fail to support in place, affecting the anchoring quality; the discharge of the deformed anchor rod is affected, and voids are likely to appear in the anchor hole, resulting in uneven laying of the anchoring agent. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide an anchor rod for single-layer lining construction of hard rock, which can solve the problem of uneven laying of anchoring agent caused by deformation of the anchor rod when grouting is performed in the anchor hole.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an anchor rod for single-layer lining construction of hard rock, comprising: a rod body: the rod body is hollow inside to form a grouting channel, and multiple layers of first grout outlets are opened in the radial direction of the rod body, and each layer of the first grout outlets is distributed circumferentially along the rod body;

[0007] Anchor head; fixed on one side of the rod body, with a cavity inside the anchor head connected to the grouting channel, and a second grouting port is opened on the anchor head, and the second grouting port is distributed along the circumferential direction of the anchor head;

[0008] Barb: One side of the barb is hinged to the outer surface of the anchor head, and the other side is in contact with the inner wall of the anchor hole drilled on the rock wall; the barbs are distributed in a ring along the anchor head;

[0009] Grout stopper: It is set on the side of the rod body away from the anchor head. When the anchor rod is installed, the grout stopper is coaxial with the rod body. The outer surface of the grout stopper abuts against the anchor hole, so that a closed space is formed in the anchor hole.

[0010] Pad: coaxial with the rod body, one side of the pad abuts against the rock wall;

[0011] Nut; connected with the rod body by thread, the nut is used to lock the pad;

[0012] Slurry inlet: opened on the side of the rod body away from the anchor head;

[0013] Second spring: one side of the second spring is fixed on the outer surface of the rod body; the second spring is at least arranged on the rod body opposite to the lower wall surface of the anchor hole.

[0014] The basic principle and beneficial effects of this solution are as follows: after the anchor hole is drilled and cleaned on the rock wall, the anchor rod is installed for the anchor hole, one side of the anchor head is pushed into the anchor hole, the barb on the anchor head abuts against the inner wall of the anchor hole to prevent the anchor rod from falling out, and one side of the second spring is installed downward to form a support between the anchor hole wall and the rod body. The anchor rod is extended into the anchor hole. After it is in place, the grouting plug, pad, nut, etc. are installed in sequence, and finally the grouting machine is operated to inject grout into the anchor hole through the grouting port. Due to the provision of the second spring, the anchor rod can be supported when the anchor rod enters the hole, and since the elastic deformation of the second spring is a variable process after being compressed, it can dynamically adapt to the pressure from the hole wall, and will not affect the installation; by appropriately selecting the compression limit position of the spring, the maximum compressive deformation of the anchor rod can be controlled during the grouting process, that is, the deformation of the anchor rod is reduced, so that the first slurry outlet and the second slurry outlet 12 of the anchor rod can discharge liquid normally, reducing the slurry discharge blockage caused by deformation, allowing the anchoring agent to flow out normally and be evenly laid in the anchor hole.

[0015] Furthermore, the invention also comprises a first spring, one side of which is fixed to the outer surface of the anchor head, and the other side of which is fixed to the barb.

[0016] Beneficial effect: The first spring mainly dynamically controls the contact between the inner wall of the anchor hole and the barb, so that the barb fits better with the hole wall.

[0017] Furthermore, the anchor head is provided with a slideway on at least one side close to the bottom surface of the anchor hole, and the axial section of the slideway is stepped, with the diameter increasing from small to large along the extension direction of the anchor head diameter; a push rod is slidably connected in the slideway with a larger diameter, and the push rod is coaxial with the first spring; a reinforcement strip is radially extended and fixed on the anchor rod, and the interior of the reinforcement strip is hollow, and a control space connected to the internal space of the reinforcement strip is provided on the inner wall of the anchor rod, and the control space is connected to the space with a larger diameter, and also includes a connecting rod, one side of the connecting rod is fixed to the push rod, and a fourth spring is fixed between the connecting rod and the inner wall of the control space facing outward.

[0018] Beneficial effect: During grouting, the slurry flows to the anchor head, with a portion flowing out from the second slurry outlet 12 and the other portion flowing into the slideway, and then pushing the push rod in the slideway to move. After the push rod moves, it abuts against the barb and applies pressure to the barb to make it close to the inner wall of the anchor hole to fix it. The fourth spring prevents the push rod from moving freely in the non-grouting state.

[0019] Furthermore, a pull ring is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting rod, and the pull ring is arranged in the regulating space. The fourth spring is used to balance the gravity of the connecting rod; a third spring is also included, and one side of the third spring is fixed to the inner wall of the regulating space near the reinforcing strip; a first pull wire is also included, and the first pull wire sequentially winds the pull ring and the third spring so that the third spring is in a compressed state. A first blade is arranged on the inner surface of the pull ring. When the pull ring moves to the extreme position with the connecting rod, the first pull wire is cut off and the third spring is released;

[0020] It also includes a binding wire, which wraps and compresses the second spring and then extends it into the internal space of the reinforcement strip, and is fixed to one end of the internal space of the reinforcement strip close to the inner side; a second pull wire is fixed to the free end of the third spring, and the second pull wire extends into the internal space of the reinforcement strip, and a push block is slidably connected in the internal space of the reinforcement strip, and the push block is arranged on the side of the binding wire away from the anchor head; a second blade is fixed to the side of the push block facing the binding wire, and the second pull wire and the push block are fixedly connected.

[0021] Beneficial effect: the second spring is compressed by the binding wire before entering the hole, and the first pull wire compresses the third spring and then is wrapped around the pull ring, which is provided with a first blade. In the initial state, the first pull wire is in a taut state and the third spring is in a compressed state; when the push block moves, the connecting rod follows the movement, and at this time the first pull wire on the pull ring will slide along the pull ring and then contact the first blade. When the movement continues, the first blade cuts the first pull wire, and the third spring is released and quickly returns to its original position. When this process occurs, the second pull wire fixed at the free end of the third spring follows the movement, and the second pull wire drags the push block to move, and the second blade on the push block cuts the binding wire wrapped around the second spring, and the second spring resets, generating an instantaneous impact, which can not only push the deformed anchor rod back to its original position, but also cause the anchor rod to vibrate, so that the bubbles between the slurry in the anchor hole are eliminated, the gaps are reduced, and the uniformity is improved.

[0022] Furthermore, damping particles are arranged on the inner wall of the pull ring between the first blade and the first pull wire.

[0023] Beneficial effect: Prevents false triggering and ensures that it can only be triggered under pressure during the grouting process.

[0024] Furthermore, it also includes a rib plate, which surrounds the rod body and extends spirally, and the rib plate is fixedly connected to the rod body.

[0025] Beneficial effect: Improve the holding force of anchoring agent on anchor rod, thus improving the anchoring quality of geotechnical engineering

[0026] Furthermore, the ribs are provided with through holes for the anchoring agent to pass through.

[0027] Beneficial effect: facilitate the circulation of anchoring agent, prevent ribs from blocking and forming dead corners and gaps.

[0028] Furthermore, it also includes a reinforcement block, which is fixed on the rod body.

[0029] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in the following description to some extent, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the following examination and study, or can be taught from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an anchor structure used for single-layer lining construction of hard rock;

[0032] Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of an anchor rod used for the construction of a single-layer lining in hard rock;

[0033] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The enlarged schematic diagram of point A in the middle;

[0034] Figure 4 for Figure 2 The enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle;

[0035] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of point C in the middle.

[0036] Figure numerals: rod body 1, first slurry outlet 11, second slurry outlet 12, reinforcement block 13, anchor head 2, barb 21, first spring 22, push rod 23, slideway 231, grouting channel 24, connecting rod 25, pull ring 26, first pull wire 271, second pull wire 272, third spring 28, push block 29, second blade 291, rib 3, reinforcement strip 4, second spring 5, restraining line 51, slurry stop plug 6, pad 7, nut 8, slurry inlet 9. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention by specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments only illustrate the basic concept of the present invention in a schematic manner, and the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0038] Among them, the drawings are only used for illustrative explanations, and they only represent schematic diagrams rather than actual pictures, and should not be understood as limitations on the present invention. In order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of actual products. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

[0039] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc. indicate the orientation or position relationship, they are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the position relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0040] Embodiment 1 is as attached Figure 1-2 As shown,

[0041] An anchor rod for single-layer lining construction of hard rock: comprising

[0042] Rod body 1: The rod body 1 is hollow inside to form a grouting channel 24. The rod body 1 is provided with multiple layers of first slurry outlets 11 in the radial direction. Each layer of first slurry outlets 11 is distributed circumferentially along the rod body 1. There are four slurry outlets in each layer.

[0043] The anchor head 2 is fixed on one side of the rod body 1, and a cavity is provided inside the anchor head 2, which is connected to the grouting channel. A second grouting port is opened on the anchor head 2, and the second grouting port is distributed circumferentially along the anchor head 2; the anchor head 2 is fixed to the rod body 1 on the left side, and two second grouting ports are provided on the anchor head 2.

[0044] Barb 21: One side of the barb 21 is hinged to the outer surface of the anchor head 2, and the other side abuts against the inner wall of the anchor hole drilled on the rock wall; the barb 21 is distributed in a ring along the anchor head 2; and further includes a first spring 22, one side of the first spring 22 is fixed to the outer surface of the anchor head 2, and the other side is fixed to the barb 21. The first spring 22 is a compression spring, used to support the barb 21 to abut against the wall of the anchor hole.

[0045] The rod body 1 further comprises a rib plate 3, which surrounds the rod body 1 and extends in a spiral manner, and the rib plate 3 is fixedly connected to the rod body 1. The rib plate 3 is provided with a through hole for the anchoring agent to pass through.

[0046] It also includes a reinforcement block 13 , which is fixed on the rod body 1 .

[0047] Grout stop plug 6: It is arranged on the side of the rod body 1 away from the anchor head 2. When the anchor rod is installed, the grout stop plug 6 is coaxial with the rod body 1. The outer surface of the grout stop plug 6 abuts against the anchor hole, so that a closed space is formed in the anchor hole; the grout is prevented from flowing out, ensuring the airtightness of the grouting.

[0048] Pad 7: coaxial with the rod body 1, one side of the pad 7 abuts against the rock wall;

[0049] The nut 8 is threadedly connected to the rod body 1 and is used to lock the pad 7 to ensure the stability of the rod body 1 during grouting.

[0050] The slurry inlet 9 is opened on the side of the rod body 1 away from the anchor head 2; the slurry inlet 9 is connected to the grouting machine.

[0051] Second spring 5: One side of the second spring 5 is fixed to the outer surface of the rod body 1; the second spring 5 is at least arranged on the rod body opposite to the lower wall of the anchor hole. In this solution, the second spring 5 is arranged on both the upper and lower sides of the rod body.

[0052] As attached Figure 3 As shown, the anchor head 2 has a slideway 231 at least on one side close to the bottom of the anchor hole. The axial section of the slideway 231 is stepped, and the diameter increases from small to large along the extension direction of the diameter of the anchor head 2. A push rod 23 is slidably connected in the slideway 231 with a larger diameter. The stepped slideway 231 is provided to prevent the push rod 23 from sliding into the inner space of the anchor head 2. The push rod 23 is coaxial with the first spring 22.

[0053] As attached Figure 4-5 As shown, a reinforcing strip 4 is radially extended and fixed on the anchor rod, and the interior of the reinforcing strip 4 is hollow. The inner wall of the anchor rod is provided with a regulating space connected to the internal space of the reinforcing strip 4, and the regulating space is connected to the space with a larger diameter. It also includes a connecting rod 25, one side of the connecting rod 25 is fixed to the push rod 23, and a fourth spring is fixed between the connecting rod 25 and the inner wall of the regulating space facing outward.

[0054] The other end of the connecting rod 25 is fixedly connected with a pull ring 26, which is arranged in the regulating space, and the fourth spring is used to balance the gravity of the connecting rod 25; it also includes a third spring 28, one side of the third spring 28 is fixed on the inner wall of the regulating space near the reinforcing strip 4; it also includes a first pull wire 271, the first pull wire 271 sequentially winds the pull ring 26 and the third spring 28, so that the third spring 28 is in a compressed state, and the inner surface of the pull ring 26 is provided with a first blade, when the pull ring 26 moves to the limit position with the connecting rod 25, the first pull wire 271 is cut off, and the third spring 28 is released;

[0055] It also includes a binding line 51, which wraps and compresses the second spring 5 and then extends into the internal space of the reinforcement strip 4, and is fixed to one end of the internal space of the reinforcement strip 4 close to the inner side; the free end of the third spring 28 is fixed with a second pull line 272, and the second pull line 272 extends into the internal space of the reinforcement strip 4, and a push block 29 is slidably connected in the internal space of the reinforcement strip 4, and the push block 29 is arranged on the side of the binding line 51 away from the anchor head 2; a second blade 291 is fixed to the side of the push block 29 facing the binding line 51, and the second pull line 272 and the push block 29 are fixedly connected.

[0056] Damping particles are also arranged on the inner wall of the pull ring 26 between the first blade and the first pull wire 271 .

[0057] The second spring 5 is compressed by the binding wire 51 before entering the hole. The first pull wire 271 compresses the third spring 28 and then is wrapped around the pull ring 26. The pull ring 26 is provided with a first blade. In the initial state, the first pull wire 271 is in a taut state and the third spring 28 is in a compressed state. When the push block 29 moves, the connecting rod 25 moves with it. At this time, the first pull wire 271 on the pull ring 26 will slide along the pull ring 26 and then contact the first blade. When the movement continues, the first blade cuts the first pull wire 271. When the third spring 28 is broken, it is released and quickly returns to its original position. When this process occurs, the second pull wire 272 fixed at the free end of the third spring 28 moves with it, and the second pull wire 272 drags the push block 29 to move. The second blade 291 on the push block 29 cuts the binding wire 51 wrapped around the second spring 5, and the second spring 5 is reset, generating an instantaneous impact, which can not only push the deformed anchor rod back to its original position, but also cause the anchor rod to vibrate, so that the bubbles between the slurry in the anchor hole are eliminated, the gap is reduced, and the uniformity is improved. The first spring 22, the second spring 5, the third spring 28, and the fourth spring of this scheme can be selected according to the actual situation.

[0058] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anchor rod for single-layer lining construction of hard rock, characterized in that: include: Rod body: The rod body is hollow inside to form a grouting channel, and the rod body is provided with multiple layers of first slurry outlets in the radial direction, and the first slurry outlets in each layer are distributed circumferentially along the rod body; An anchor head; fixed on one side of the rod body, with a cavity inside the anchor head, connected to the grouting channel, and a second grouting port is opened on the anchor head, and the second grouting port is distributed along the circumferential direction of the anchor head; Barb: One side of the barb is hinged to the outer surface of the anchor head, and the other side is in contact with the inner wall of the anchor hole drilled on the rock wall; the barbs are distributed in a ring along the anchor head; Grout stopper: It is arranged on the side of the rod body away from the anchor head. When the anchor rod is installed, the grout stopper is coaxial with the rod body. The outer surface of the grout stopper abuts against the anchor hole, so that a closed space is formed in the anchor hole. Pad: coaxial with the rod body, one side of the pad abuts against the rock wall; Nut; connected with the rod body by thread, the nut is used to lock the pad; Slurry inlet: opened on the side of the rod body away from the anchor head; Second spring: one side of the second spring is fixed on the outer surface of the rod body; the second spring is at least arranged on the rod body opposite to the lower wall surface of the anchor hole.

2. The anchor rod for hard rock single-layer lining construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The utility model also comprises a first spring, one side of the first spring is fixed to the outer surface of the anchor head, and the other side of the first spring is fixed to the barb.

3. The anchor rod for hard rock single-layer lining construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The anchor head is provided with a slideway on at least one side close to the bottom surface of the anchor hole, and the axial section of the slideway is stepped, with the diameter increasing from small to large along the extension direction of the anchor head diameter; a push rod is slidably connected in the slideway with a larger diameter, and the push rod is coaxial with the first spring; a reinforcement strip is radially extended and fixed on the anchor rod, and the interior of the reinforcement strip is hollow; a control space connected to the internal space of the reinforcement strip is provided on the inner wall of the anchor rod, and the control space is connected to the space with a larger diameter, and also includes a connecting rod, one side of the connecting rod is fixed to the push rod, and a fourth spring is fixed between the connecting rod and the inner wall of the control space facing outward.

4. The anchor rod for hard rock single-layer lining construction according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with a pull ring, which is arranged in the regulating space, and the fourth spring is used to balance the gravity of the connecting rod; it also includes a third spring, one side of which is fixed on the inner wall of the regulating space close to the reinforcing strip; it also includes a first pull wire, which sequentially winds the pull ring and the third spring so that the third spring is in a compressed state, and the inner surface of the pull ring is provided with a first blade, and when the pull ring moves to the extreme position with the connecting rod, the first pull wire is cut off and the third spring is released; It also includes a binding wire, which is used to wrap and compress the second spring and then extend it into the internal space of the reinforcement strip, and is fixed to one end of the internal space of the reinforcement strip close to the inner side; a second pull wire is fixed to the free end of the third spring, and the second pull wire extends into the internal space of the reinforcement strip, and a push block is slidably connected in the internal space of the reinforcement strip, and the push block is arranged on the side of the binding wire away from the anchor head; a second blade is fixed to the side of the push block facing the binding wire, and the second pull wire and the push block are fixedly connected.

5. The anchor rod for hard rock single-layer lining construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: Damping particles are also arranged on the inner wall of the pull ring between the first blade and the first pull wire.

6. The anchor rod for hard rock single-layer lining construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a rib plate, which surrounds the rod body and extends in a spiral manner, and the rib plate is fixedly connected to the rod body.

7. The anchor rod for hard rock single-layer lining construction according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ribs are provided with through holes for the anchoring agent to pass through.

8. An anchor rod for hard rock single-layer lining construction according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The utility model also comprises a reinforcing block which is fixed on the rod body.

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