Discharging equipment and discharging method of Acheson graphitization furnace

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of processing equipment of battery materials, and discloses discharging equipment and a discharging method of an Acheson graphitization furnace, the discharging equipment comprises a plurality of protective cover plates and a protective gas supply mechanism, the protective cover plates are sequentially erected above a furnace body, and a cooling chamber is formed by the protective cover plates and the furnace body; any two protective cover plates are provided with an air inlet channel and an air outlet channel respectively. The protective gas supply mechanism communicates with the gas inlet channel and is used for guiding gas into the cooling cavity, and the gas outlet channel is used for communicating the outside with the cooling cavity. Due to the existence of the discharging equipment, the negative electrode material is not easy to oxidize in the cooling process, and the specific surface area is reduced; and the flowing of the protective gas can take away part of heat in the graphitization furnace, the cooling period is shortened, the protective cover plates covering the graphitization furnace can better isolate external dust and prevent external pollution in the material suction process, and the quality of the negative electrode material is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of battery material processing equipment, and in particular to an Acheson graphitization furnace unloading equipment and a unloading method. Background Art

[0002] Acheson graphitization furnace is a heat treatment furnace that makes the graphite crystals of carbonaceous materials (carbonized products) develop after carbonization, and is mainly used in the production of negative electrode materials.

[0003] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, it is a simplified structural diagram of the Acheson graphitization furnace, which mainly includes an open furnace body 102, a plurality of electrode rods 103 and a box body 105 spliced ​​by carbon plates 108 and carbon columns (not shown in the figure), and the box body 105 is composed of different nine-square grids to form a large box body 105.

[0004] When the Acheson graphitization box furnace is in use, a bottom material 101 is laid on the bottom of the furnace body 102, and after the bottom material 101 is compacted and made flat, a bottom plate (not shown in the figure) is laid on top; the box body 105 is assembled on top of the bottom plate, and conductive coke 104 is filled in the front and rear positions of the box body 105, and after the insulation material 107 is filled between the two sides of the box body 105 and the furnace body 102, the negative electrode material 106 is evenly placed in the box body 105 and compacted, and a sedimentation plate 109 is laid above the negative electrode material 106, and then the insulation material is laid above the sedimentation plate 109, and the furnace is loaded.

[0005] After the furnace is loaded, the electric heating process can begin. The conductive electrodes at both ends of the graphitization furnace are used for electric heating. After the electric heating is completed, the furnace top is opened and left to cool until the material returns to room temperature. The furnace is then unloaded, cleaned, and repaired to complete a cycle of the graphitization process.

[0006] Since a cycle of graphitization process is generally more than 30 days, and the power-on time of graphitization furnace is usually 2-3 days, in order to make full use of the capacity of power transformer, each power supply device is usually equipped with 8-12 graphitization furnaces to ensure the continuous operation of the power supply device. To this end, a set of power supply equipment and 8-12 graphitization furnaces constitute a graphitization group. In each group of graphitization furnaces, there is always one group in the power-on state, and the other furnaces are in the process of loading, waiting for power on, cooling, unloading, cleaning, minor repairs, etc.

[0007] At present, in order to reduce the production cycle of negative electrode materials and increase output, improvements are made to the furnace-out steps of negative electrode materials in the prior art. For example, the solution recorded in the patent with patent application number CN201711366521.9, entitled A New Method for Discharging Isostatic Graphite Products, utilizes batch material grabbing and gradient cooling to reduce product cracks while also reducing the cooling time of the negative electrode material.

[0008] However, the above patents use batch material grabbing and gradient cooling methods, which have the problem of power limitation of the material suction equipment and limited physical strength of the workers. There is also the problem of long-term exposure of high-temperature materials to the air, which easily leads to oxidation of the negative electrode material, resulting in an increase in specific surface area and affecting product quality. At the same time, since the graphitization furnaces in the graphitization group are in different operating states, when one of the graphitization furnaces is opened to wait for material suction, there is also the problem of contaminating other graphitization furnaces.

[0009] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method for reducing the production cycle of negative electrode materials, ensuring the quality of negative electrode materials, and avoiding cross contamination of graphitization furnaces in a graphitization group. Summary of the invention

[0010] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an Acheson graphitization furnace unloading device and method, which solves the problems in the prior art that the negative electrode material unloading process takes a long time, is easily oxidized, and there is cross contamination of the negative electrode materials in each furnace body.

[0011] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an Acheson graphitization furnace unloading device, used in conjunction with the furnace body of the graphitization furnace, comprises a plurality of protective cover plates and a protective gas supply mechanism,

[0012] Each protective cover plate is sequentially mounted above the furnace body and forms a cooling chamber with the furnace body; wherein an air inlet channel and an air outlet channel are respectively provided on any two protective cover plates;

[0013] The protective gas supply mechanism is communicated with the air inlet channel and is used for guiding the air into the cooling chamber, and the air outlet channel is used for connecting the outside world and the cooling chamber.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] The furnace discharging equipment of the present application can match any Acheson graphitization furnace that has been completed and built, without changing the structure of the Acheson graphitization furnace. When in use, a plurality of protective cover plates are used to cover the top of the furnace body to form a cooling chamber, and then a protective gas supply mechanism is used to introduce protective gases such as nitrogen into the cooling chamber. Through gas purge, part of the heat in the furnace body can be taken away, shortening the cooling cycle of the graphitization furnace; at the same time, during the cooling process, nitrogen, as an inert protective gas, generally does not react with other substances, so that the negative electrode material is not easily oxidized during the cooling process, reducing the specific surface area and ensuring the product quality; and due to the presence of each protective cover plate, when other graphitization furnaces in the same group are subjected to material suction processing, the furnace body of the graphitization furnace with ventilation cooling can be protected to avoid dust pollution generated by material suction, thereby avoiding cross-infection of the graphitization furnaces in the graphitization group, ensuring the quality balance of the negative electrode materials in each graphitization furnace, and improving the quality stability of batch products.

[0016] Furthermore, the protective cover plates are arranged side by side and spliced ​​on the furnace body.

[0017] The protective cover plate has two spliced ​​side walls, one of which is provided with a recessed groove, and the other is provided with a clamping protrusion. The recessed groove of any protective cover plate is plugged and matched with the clamping protrusion of the adjacent protective cover plate.

[0018] Furthermore, sealing layers are respectively provided on both side walls of the recessed groove, and the two sealing layers are used to fit and contact with adjacent clamping protrusions.

[0019] Furthermore, it also includes a reinforcement component,

[0020] The reinforcement component includes at least one plug-in block and the same number of slots as the plug-in block. The plug-in block is convexly arranged at the bottom of the concave groove. The slot is provided with a snap-in protrusion. The plug-in block is plugged into the adjacent slot.

[0021] Among them, at least one locking block is telescopically arranged on the plug block, and the locking block extends along the plug block to drive the matching slot to move toward the plug block.

[0022] Furthermore, the locking block is driven by a temperature-variable driving member to extend and retract along the plug block;

[0023] The temperature-variable driving component includes a shrinkage block, a moving block and a memory alloy spring. The shrinkage block is embedded in a connecting groove opened on the plug block. The memory alloy spring is located between the connecting groove and the shrinkage block. One end of the moving block is in contact with and slides with the shrinkage block, and the other end of the moving block is in contact with and slides with the locking block. Under the action of the memory alloy spring, the shrinkage block shrinks toward the plug block, drives the moving block to move, and drives the locking block to extend out of the plug block.

[0024] Furthermore, the insert block and the locking block are vertically arranged, a mounting groove is provided on the insert block, and a tension spring is provided between the locking block and the mounting groove;

[0025] A guiding inclined surface is provided on one side of the end of the locking block close to the concave groove, the slot is a T-shaped slot structure, and a transition inclined surface is provided at the junction of the vertical section and the horizontal section of the slot;

[0026] The locking block extends along the inserting block so that the guiding inclined surface of the locking block slides along the transition inclined surface of the adjacent slot, driving the locking block from the vertical section of the slot into the horizontal section of the slot.

[0027] Furthermore, two lifting handles are provided on the protective cover.

[0028] Furthermore, the protective cover plate for the air inlet passage is also provided with a detachably connected air flow dispersion mechanism.

[0029] The airflow dispersion mechanism comprises a main pipe connected to the air inlet channel and a plurality of branch pipes connected to the main pipe, and the discharge end of each branch pipe is arranged in an inclined downward manner in the furnace body.

[0030] Furthermore, the protective cover plate with the air outlet channel is also provided with an air box, the air box and the protective cover plate form an air outlet cavity, the air outlet cavity is communicated with the cooling chamber, and the air outlet channel is communicated with the air outlet cavity, and the air outlet cavity is also connected to a detection tube with a valve.

[0031] The present invention also provides a method for removing an Acheson graphitization furnace, comprising the following steps:

[0032] (1) Trenching: Trenching is carried out 48 hours after the graphitization furnace is powered off, with 6-8 trenches on the top, a material grabbing depth of 20-30cm, and a spacing of 3-4m; the first leveling is carried out 72 hours after the graphitization furnace is powered off, and the first layer of 20cm of insulation material is completely removed;

[0033] (2) First top grabbing: 168 hours after the graphitization furnace is powered off, the material surface temperature is between 700-750°C, and the first top grabbing is carried out, with a grabbing depth of 20-30 cm;

[0034] (3) Second top grabbing: Within 248 hours after the graphitization furnace is powered off, the material surface temperature is between 800-850°C, and the second top grabbing is carried out with a grabbing depth of 10 cm;

[0035] (4) First edge grabbing: Within 296 hours after the graphitization furnace is powered off, the material surface temperature is between 550-600°C, and the first edge grabbing is carried out with a grabbing depth of 20-30cm;

[0036] (5) Second edge grabbing: Within 344 hours after the graphitization furnace is powered off, the temperature is measured between 800-850°C, and the second edge grabbing is carried out with a grabbing depth of 10 cm;

[0037] (6) The third top grab: within 400 hours after the graphitization furnace is powered off, the material surface temperature is between 300-400°C, and the third top grab is carried out with a grab depth of 10 cm;

[0038] (7) Clean the upper auxiliary materials: within 456 hours after the graphitization furnace is powered off, the material surface temperature is between 150-200°C, and the upper auxiliary materials are cleaned manually or by a suction machine;

[0039] The steps for cleaning the upper auxiliary materials are as follows:

[0040] 1) The protective cover plates described in any one of claims 1 to 9 are sequentially mounted on the furnace body to form a cooling chamber with the furnace body. After each protective cover plate is covered, a refractory cloth is used to cover the gap between each protective cover plate and the furnace body;

[0041] 2) Connect the protective gas supply mechanism described in any one of claims 1 to 9 to the air inlet channel, guide the gas in the cooling chamber for a preset time, and after the material surface temperature reaches 150° C., uncover the protective covers, and clean the auxiliary materials manually or with a suction machine, with the auxiliary materials being cleaned to a depth of 8-10 cm each time;

[0042] (8) Repeat the step of cleaning the upper layer of auxiliary materials in step (7) until the sedimentation plate is exposed;

[0043] (9) Suction: After opening the sedimentation plate, use a suction machine to suck up the negative electrode material product.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0045] In the present application, in combination with the existing structure of the Acheson graphitization furnace, a furnace discharge device is added. Due to the presence of the furnace discharge device, the material body (auxiliary material layer) close to the box body can reduce the probability of contact with oxygen in the air during the cooling process, and then cooperate with the protective gas supply mechanism to purge and cool the cooling chamber, shortening the cooling time of the process, thereby shortening the operation cycle of the graphitization furnace and improving production efficiency. At the same time, the protective gas can also protect the negative electrode material during the cooling process to avoid excessive oxidation affecting the quality of the negative electrode material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an Acheson graphitization furnace in the prior art;

[0047] Figure 2 A top view of an Acheson graphitization furnace in the prior art;

[0048] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the furnace discharge device and the furnace body of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of part A in the middle;

[0050] Figure 5It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cooperation of the reinforcement components of two adjacent protective cover plates in the present invention;

[0051] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure in another state;

[0052] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protective cover plate located in the middle of the installation in the present invention;

[0053] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of a protective cover plate provided with an air inlet channel in the present invention;

[0054] Fig. 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of a protective cover plate provided with an air outlet channel in the present invention;

[0055] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protective cover plate in comparative example 1 of the present invention.

[0056] In the figure: furnace body 102, positioning column 1, protective cover 2, air connecting pipe 21, main pipe 22, branch pipe 23, detection pipe 24, air box 25, air outlet pipe 26, recessed groove 27, snap-on protrusion 28, plug block 29, tension spring 210, mounting groove 211, locking block 212, shrinking block 213, moving block 214, connecting groove 215, memory alloy spring 216, slot 281, sealing layer 271, lifting handle 20, air inlet channel 201, detection port 204, air outlet channel 206. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0058] Example 1

[0059] like Figure 3-9 As shown, the present application provides an Acheson graphitization furnace unloading device, which is used in conjunction with the furnace body 102 of the graphitization furnace, and includes a plurality of protective cover plates 2 and a protective gas supply mechanism, wherein each protective cover plate 2 is sequentially mounted above the furnace body 102, and forms a cooling chamber with the furnace body 102; wherein, an air inlet channel 201 and an air outlet channel 206 are respectively provided on any two protective cover plates 2; the protective gas supply mechanism is communicated with the air inlet channel 201, and is used for guiding air into the cooling chamber, and the air outlet channel 206 is used for connecting the outside world and the cooling chamber.

[0060] It is understandable that due to the special structure of the Acheson graphitization furnace, it is basically impossible to improve the structure after it is built. Therefore, in order to match the furnace discharge step of the Acheson graphitization furnace, the furnace discharge equipment designed needs to be designed on the basis of the structure of the existing Acheson graphitization furnace. Therefore, this application adopts the method of cover plate + air-conducting purging and cooling to accelerate the cooling of the negative electrode material, shorten the cooling time, and improve production efficiency. At the same time, in order to avoid oxidation of the negative electrode material during the purging and cooling process, the gas used for cooling in this application avoids oxygen and has good stability. For this reason, the protective gas can use common protective gas, nitrogen, etc. While the protective gas does not react with the negative electrode material, it can also take away the heat in the furnace body 102 under the action of the protective gas purging, ensuring the quality of the negative electrode material while improving production efficiency.

[0061] In order to make the furnace discharge equipment of the present application adaptable to Acheson graphitization furnaces of different sizes, the present application sets up a plurality of protective cover plates 2. The shape, quantity and size of the protective cover plates 2 can be designed according to the size of the furnace body 102 used in conjunction, so as to ensure that when each protective cover plate 2 is mounted on the furnace body 102, each protective cover plate 2 and the furnace body 102 can form a cooling chamber to facilitate the cooling treatment of the protective gas.

[0062] In order to facilitate the formation of convection air in the cooling chamber, any two cover plates of the present application are respectively provided with an air inlet channel 201 and an air outlet channel 206. The air inlet channel 201 is connected to the protective gas supply mechanism and is used to introduce protective gas into the cooling chamber. The air outlet channel 206 is used to discharge the protective gas after heating in the cooling chamber, so as to achieve the purpose of the flow of heat preservation gas in the cooling chamber. In theory, the air inlet channel 201 and the air outlet channel 206 can be set at any position on the furnace body 102. However, in order to ensure that nitrogen can fill the cooling chamber in a short time, when setting up each protective cover plate 2, the two cover plates provided with the air inlet channel 201 and the air outlet channel 206 can be respectively set at both ends of the furnace body 102, so that the protective gas can flow in the cooling chamber while filling the cooling chamber as much as possible, thereby reducing the oxidation probability of the negative electrode material and ensuring the quality of the negative electrode material.

[0063] In order to reduce production costs, in this application, the protective gas uses more economical nitrogen. For this reason, the protective gas supply mechanism is used to supply nitrogen. For this reason, the protective gas supply mechanism can use a nitrogen gas storage tank to supply gas. Of course, given that nitrogen needs to be continuously supplied, if a simple nitrogen gas storage tank is used, there is a supply gap. For this reason, the protective gas supply mechanism can also be a nitrogen generator. Set the parameters of the nitrogen generator according to the use requirements. In this application, the nitrogen flow rate of the nitrogen generator is 5-2000Nm 3 / H, nitrogen purity 97-99.99%.

[0064] During operation, air is sucked into the filter through the air compressor, then enters the cold dryer to remove some moisture, then enters the multi-pass filter to remove other impurities in the air, enters the air storage tank, and then releases compressed air from the air storage tank into the nitrogen generator to obtain pure nitrogen, which is then transported to the nitrogen storage tank for standby use.

[0065] When in use, the nitrogen storage tank is connected to the air inlet channel 201 through a nitrogen pipeline. A manual regulating valve or a control regulating valve can be set on the nitrogen pipeline to control the flow of nitrogen entering the cooling chamber to ensure that the nitrogen can cool the negative electrode material in the cooling chamber according to the preset flow and preset time to reduce the cooling time.

[0066] The furnace discharging equipment of the present application can match any Acheson graphitization furnace that has been completed and built, without changing the structure of the Acheson graphitization furnace. When in use, a plurality of protective cover plates 2 are used to cover the furnace body 102 to form a cooling chamber, and then a protective gas supply mechanism is used to introduce protective gases such as nitrogen into the cooling chamber. Through gas purge, part of the heat in the furnace body 102 can be taken away, shortening the cooling cycle of the graphitization furnace; at the same time, during the cooling process, nitrogen, as an inert protective gas, generally does not react with other substances, so that the negative electrode material is not easily oxidized during the cooling process, reducing the specific surface area and ensuring the product quality; and due to the presence of each protective cover plate 2, when other graphitization furnaces in the same group are subjected to material suction processing, the furnace body 102 of the graphitization furnace with ventilation cooling can be protected to avoid dust pollution generated by material suction, thereby avoiding cross-infection of each graphitization furnace in the graphitization group, ensuring the quality balance of the negative electrode material in each graphitization furnace, and improving the quality stability of batch products.

[0067] Furthermore, since each protective cover plate 2 needs to be spliced ​​with each other in sequence to reduce the gap between two adjacent protective cover plates 2, the protective gas is prevented from overflowing. To this end, each protective cover plate 2 of the present application is arranged side by side and spliced ​​on the furnace body 102, and the protective cover plate 2 has two spliced ​​side walls, one of which is provided with a recessed groove 27, and the other is provided with a snap-on protrusion 28. The recessed groove 27 of any protective cover plate 2 is plugged into and matched with the snap-on protrusion 28 of the adjacent protective cover plate 2. Figure 3 , 7 As shown in , 8 and 9, the protective cover plate 2 is a rectangular plate structure, and the furnace body 102 is a rectangular cavity structure with an upper end opening. Each protective cover plate 2 is erected between the two short side walls of the furnace body 102 along its length direction. Each protective cover plate 2 is spliced ​​in sequence, and the two long side walls of each protective cover plate 2 are the two spliced ​​side walls corresponding to the protective cover plate 2. In order to reduce the gap between any two adjacent protective cover plates 2, a recessed groove 27 and a clamping protrusion 28 are respectively provided on the two long side walls of each protective cover plate 2. Figure 4 , 7As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the recessed groove 27 is a rectangular through groove structure, and the recessed groove 27 is extended along the length direction of the protective cover plate 2. Since the protective cover plate 2 is divided into an upper surface and a lower surface, the lower surface of the protective cover plate 2 contacts the upper end side wall of the furnace body 102. Therefore, when the recessed groove 27 is set, the height of the outer wall of the recessed groove 27 needs to be flush with the lower surface of the protective cover plate 2 to ensure that each protective cover plate 2 can form a relatively smooth flat plate structure after splicing to cover the furnace body 102. Correspondingly, the clamping protrusion 28 is a rectangular strip structure, and the clamping protrusion 28 extends along the length direction of the protective cover plate 2, and the clamping protrusion 28 of any protective cover plate 2 can be clamped in the recessed groove 27 of the adjacent protective cover plate 2. The cooperation of the recessed groove 27 and the clamping protrusion 28 can not only facilitate the positioning and splicing of each protective cover plate 2, but also make the joints of two adjacent protective cover plates 2 form a "maze structure", reduce the gap, and reduce the probability of the protective gas overflowing from the joint.

[0068] In order to further increase the airtightness between the joints of the two protective cover plates 2, the present application provides sealing layers 271 on both side walls of the recessed groove 27, and the two sealing layers 271 are used to fit and contact with the adjacent clamping protrusions 28. Figure 4 As shown, the sealing layer 271 fits the inner wall of the concave groove 27 and extends along the length direction of the concave groove 27. The sealing layer 271 is made of high temperature resistant silicone or fluororubber material. When the concave groove 27 and the corresponding clamping protrusion 28 are plugged in, the upper and lower sides of the clamping protrusion 28 will contact the corresponding two sealing layers 271, further increasing the airtightness of the joint between the two protective cover plates 2.

[0069] Due to the presence of two sealing layers 271 in the recessed groove 27, if the connection between the sealing layer 271 and the snap-on protrusion 28 is to achieve a better airtightness effect, the snap-on protrusion 28 and the two sealing layers 271 need to be interference-fitted, and when assembling the two adjacent protective cover plates 2, a squeezing force needs to be applied to achieve the interference fit between the two. However, the adjacent protective cover plates 2 are connected by adjacent long side walls. When the two protective cover plates 2 are spliced, when the squeezing force is applied along the short side direction of the protective cover plates 2, it is bound to contact the long side walls of each protective cover plate 2, and the applied squeezing force is uneven. At the same time, excessive squeezing can easily cause the side wall of the protective cover plate 2 to deform. In order to make the two adjacent protective covers 2 have an interference fit, the protective cover 2 of the present application also includes a reinforcement component, which includes at least one plug block 29 and the same number of slots 281 as the plug block 29. The plug block 29 is protruding at the bottom of the recessed groove 27, and the slots 281 are provided on the clamping protrusion 28. The plug block 29 is plugged with the adjacent slots 281. The plug block 29 is provided with at least one locking block 212 which is telescopically arranged. The locking block 212 extends along the plug block 29 to drive the matching slot 281 to move toward the plug block 29. Figure 4 , 5As shown in , 6, each protective cover plate 2 is provided with a reinforcement component, each reinforcement component includes a plurality of plug blocks 29 and a plurality of slots 281, the number of the plug blocks 29 and the slots 281 are the same, the plurality of plug blocks 29 are arranged at the bottom of the recessed groove 27 (the left side of the recessed groove 27) and protrude toward the opening of the recessed groove 27, and the plurality of plug blocks 29 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the recessed groove 27. The plurality of slots 281 are provided on the snap-on protrusion 28, and the plurality of slots 281 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the snap-on protrusion 28, and when the recessed groove 27 of any protective cover plate 2 and the snap-on protrusion 28 of the adjacent protective cover plate 2 are plugged, each plug block 29 at least partially enters the corresponding slot 281. In order to enable two adjacent protective cover plates 2 to be automatically locked, at least one locking block 212 is provided on the plug block 29 of the present application, and when the locking block 212 extends out of the plug block 29, it will force the protective cover plate 2 to move toward the other protective cover plate 2. Specifically, as Figure 5 , 6 As shown, each locking block 212 of the present application is provided with two locking blocks 212 symmetrically arranged along the protruding direction of the plug block 29. The locking blocks 212 are extended and retracted on the locking block 212 along the protruding direction perpendicular to the locking block 212 so that the plug block 29 and the locking block 212 are perpendicular. Two mounting grooves 211 are provided on the plug block 29; the two mounting grooves 211 can be symmetrically arranged or connected to form a through groove. The two locking blocks 212 are respectively embedded in the two mounting grooves 211, and the locking blocks 212 partially extend out of the mounting grooves 211, and a tension spring 210 is inserted between the locking blocks 212 and the mounting grooves 211. Under normal circumstances, the locking block 212 is contracted in the plug block 29. In order to enable the locking block 212 to extend out of the plug block 29 with temperature changes, the present application is also provided with a temperature-variable drive member, such as Figure 4 , 5 6, there are two temperature-variable driving members, each of which is used in conjunction with a corresponding locking block 212, and each temperature-controlled driving member includes a contraction block 213, a moving block 214, and a memory alloy spring 216. The contraction block 213 is embedded in a connection groove 215 provided on the insert block 29, and the memory alloy spring 216 is located between the connection groove 215 and the contraction block 213. The two connection grooves 215 of the present application can also be set as through grooves, and the through groove formed by the two connection grooves 215 and the through groove formed by the two installation grooves 211 are arranged in parallel in the vertical direction. The connecting groove 215 and the corresponding mounting groove 211 are connected by a transition groove, and the moving block 214 is slidably arranged in the transition groove. Wedge surfaces are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the moving block 214, and wedge surfaces are also respectively provided on the tightening block and the locking block 212, so that one end of the moving block 214 can fit and contact with the shrinking block 213 for sliding, and the other end of the moving block 214 can fit and contact with the locking block 212 for sliding, and the shrinking block 213 can shrink toward the plug block 29 under the action of the memory alloy spring 216, so as to drive the moving block 214 to move, and drive the locking block 212 to extend out of the plug block 29.

[0070] The deformation temperature range of the memory alloy spring 216 is 180°C-200°C, and the memory alloys in this range include Ni-Ti-Hf alloy, Ni-Ti-Pd alloy, etc. In this application, when the protective cover plate 2 needs to be mounted on the furnace body 102, the temperature range of the material surface in the furnace body 102 is between 150°C-200°C. In order to make the expansion and contraction of the locking block 212 combined with the use of the protective cover plate 2, the deformation temperature of the memory alloy spring 216 selected in this application is between 180°C-200°C.

[0071] When the memory alloy spring 216 reaches the preset temperature, the memory alloy spring 216 contracts, driving the two contraction blocks 213 to contract, and under the action of the two moving blocks 214, the two locking blocks 212 extend out of the plug block 29. In order to enable the extended locking block 212 to drive the two protective cover plates 2 to move relative to each other, the present application provides a guide slope on the side of the end of the locking block 212 close to the recessed groove 27, the slot 281 is a T-shaped slot structure, and a transition slope is provided at the junction of the vertical section and the horizontal section of the slot 281; the locking block 212 extends along the plug block 29, so that the guide slope of the locking block 212 slides along the transition slope of the adjacent slot 281, driving the locking block 212 from the vertical section of the slot 281 into the horizontal section of the slot 281.

[0072] During use, when the memory alloy spring 216 reaches a preset temperature, the memory alloy spring 216 contracts, driving the two contraction blocks 213 to contract. Under the action of the two moving blocks 214, the two locking blocks 212 extend out of the plug block 29. When the locking block 212 extends out of the plug block 29, the guide slope of the plug block 29 will slide with the filtering slope, forcing the protective cover plate 2 with the slot 281 to move toward the adjacent protective cover plate 2 with the recessed groove 27, so that the snap-fit ​​protrusion 28 is in contact with the sealing layer 271 as much as possible, thereby increasing the sealing effect at the joint of the two adjacent protective cover plates 2.

[0073] When the temperature is lower than the deformation temperature of the memory alloy spring 216, the tension spring 210 recovers its deformation, driving the locking block 212 to contract, thereby unlocking the locking block 212 and the slot 281. At this time, it is convenient to unload the protective cover 2 from the furnace body 102 for the periodic use of the furnace unloading equipment.

[0074] To facilitate the movement of each protective cover 2, the present application provides two lifting handles 20 on the upper surface of the protective cover 2. The two lifting handles 20 are respectively arranged close to the two short side walls of the protective cover 2. The two lifting handles 20 facilitate the lifting device (overhead crane, gantry crane) to move and transport each protective cover 2, avoiding the problem of burns during manual erection.

[0075] In the present application, the protective gas used for purging and cooling the negative electrode material is nitrogen. The density of nitrogen is slightly less than that of air. When the nitrogen enters the cooling chamber, it will float up. However, the air inlet channel 201 and the air outlet channel 206 are both close to the top of the cooling chamber. Therefore, the nitrogen cannot fill the cooling chamber in a short time. The air content in the cooling chamber is too high, and there is still a situation where the negative electrode material is oxidized.

[0076] In order to reduce the above-mentioned influence, the present application also provides a detachably connected airflow dispersion mechanism on the protective cover plate 2 with the air inlet channel 201. The air inlet channel 201 is an air inlet hole, which is set through the protective cover plate 2. The air inlet hole is provided with an air connection pipe 21 connected thereto. One end of the air connection pipe 21 is used to connect with the airflow dispersion mechanism, and the other end of the air connection pipe 21 is used to connect with the protective gas supply mechanism. The nitrogen generated by the protective gas supply mechanism can pass through the air connection pipe 21 and then be guided through the airflow dispersion mechanism. In order to enable the gas derived from the airflow dispersion mechanism to be quickly filled in the cooling chamber, such as Figure 3 , 8 As shown, the air flow dispersion mechanism of the present application includes a main pipe 22 connected to the air inlet channel 201 and a plurality of branch pipes 23 connected to the main pipe 22, and the discharge end of each branch pipe 23 is arranged obliquely downward in the furnace body 102. The main pipe 22 is located on the lower surface of the protective cover plate 2 and extends along the length direction of the protective cover plate 2. A connecting pipe is arranged on the main pipe 22, and the connecting pipe and the air receiving pipe 21 are detachably connected through a pipe joint, so that the main pipe 22 and the air receiving pipe 21 can be separated. Each branch pipe 23 is arranged at intervals along the length direction of the main pipe 22, and each branch pipe 23 is arranged obliquely downward in the direction away from the main pipe 22, and the angle between each branch pipe 23 and the main pipe 22 (vertical direction) is 45°-60°. Each branch pipe 23 can disperse nitrogen into the cooling cavity, can quickly fill the cooling cavity with nitrogen, squeeze the air in the cooling cavity and discharge it, reduce the probability of the negative electrode material contacting the air, and improve the qualified rate of the negative electrode material.

[0077] In this application, it is necessary to detect the oxygen content in the cooling chamber to facilitate the opening and closing of nitrogen. Figure 3 , 9 As shown, the present application further provides an air box 25 on the protective cover plate 2 with the air outlet channel 206, the air box 25 and the protective cover plate 2 form an air outlet cavity, the air outlet cavity is communicated with the cooling chamber, and the air outlet channel 206 is communicated with the air outlet cavity, and the air outlet cavity is also connected with a detection tube 24 with a valve. A detection hole is provided on the air box 25, and the detection tube 24 is connected and welded to the detection hole. An air outlet pipe 26 can also be provided on the air outlet channel 206, and the air outlet pipe 26 can be directly communicated with the outside world, and the air outlet pipe 26 can also be connected to the waste heat recovery system, and the purpose of heat recovery can also be achieved.

[0078] The detection tube 24 of the present application is provided with a gas detector for detecting the oxygen content in the gas. During detection, the regulating valve is opened, and the gas in the cooling chamber will be discharged from the gas outlet channel 206 and the detection tube 24. At this time, the oxygen content is detected by the gas detector. When the oxygen content reaches the preset value, the gas conduction of the protective gas (nitrogen) can be controlled to meet the cooling requirements.

[0079] The steps for mounting the above-mentioned protective cover plates 2 on the furnace body 102 are as follows:

[0080] According to the loading order, the protective cover plate 2 provided with the air outlet channel 206 or the air inlet channel 201 is first erected on the furnace body 102. At least two positioning columns 1 can be set at the upper end of the furnace body 102. When the protective cover plate 2 contacts the two positioning columns 1, it indicates that the first protective cover plate 2 is loaded in place; then the middle protective cover plates 2 are loaded in turn. During the loading process, each protective cover plate 2 can be slightly moved so that the protective cover plate 2 can be plugged with the adjacent protective cover plates 2. At the same time, the interval time between each protective cover plate 2 can be set in combination with the temperature rise time in the furnace body 102 and the deformation temperature of the memory alloy spring 216 to ensure the effective use of the reinforcement components; after all the protective cover plates 2 are erected on the furnace body 102, the gap between the upper side wall of the furnace cover and each protective cover plate 2 is plugged with refractory cloth to form a cooling chamber. Finally, the feed channel and the protective gas supply mechanism are connected to complete the assembly of the furnace discharge equipment.

[0081] Of course, in order to increase the use effect of the reinforcement component, the number of protective cover plates 2 on each furnace body 102 is preferably two, which can reduce the problem of poor sealing effect of the joints between two adjacent protective cover plates 2 due to the influence of gravity.

[0082] Example 2

[0083] The present application also provides a method for removing an Acheson graphitization furnace, comprising the following steps:

[0084] (1) Trenching: Trenching is carried out 48 hours after the graphitization furnace is powered off, with 6-8 trenches on the top, a material grabbing depth of 20-30cm, and a spacing of 3-4m; the first leveling is carried out 72 hours after the graphitization furnace is powered off, and the first layer of 20cm of insulation material is completely removed;

[0085] (2) First edge grabbing: Within 168 hours after the graphitization furnace is powered off, the material surface temperature is between 700-750°C, and the first edge grabbing is carried out with a grabbing depth of 20-30 cm;

[0086] (3) First top grabbing: 248 hours after the graphitization furnace is powered off, the material surface temperature is measured between 800-850°C, and the first top grabbing is carried out with a grabbing depth of 10 cm;

[0087] (4) Second edge grabbing: Within 296 hours after the graphitization furnace is powered off, the temperature is measured between 550-600℃, and the second edge grabbing is carried out with a grabbing depth of 20-30cm

[0088] (5) Second top grabbing: Within 344 hours after the graphitization furnace is powered off, the material surface temperature is between 800-850°C, and the second top grabbing is carried out with a grabbing depth of 10 cm;

[0089] (6) The third top grab: within 400 hours after the graphitization furnace is powered off, the material surface temperature is between 300-400°C, and the third top grab is carried out with a grab depth of 10 cm. At this time, the thickness of the auxiliary material above the sedimentation plate is 40-50 cm;

[0090] (7) Clean the upper auxiliary materials: within 456 hours after the graphitization furnace is powered off, the material surface temperature is between 150-200°C, and the upper auxiliary materials are cleaned manually or by a suction machine;

[0091] The steps for cleaning the upper layer of auxiliary materials are as follows:

[0092] 1) Cover the protective cover: first connect the airflow dispersion mechanism and one end of the air inlet channel on the protective cover to complete the assembly, and then install the above-mentioned protective cover plates on the furnace body in sequence to form a cooling chamber with the furnace body; after covering each protective cover plate, use refractory cloth to cover the gap between each protective cover plate and the furnace body; connect the protective gas supply mechanism and the other end of the air inlet channel.

[0093] 2) Injection of protective gas: connect the protective gas supply mechanism and the air inlet channel, introduce nitrogen into the cooling chamber, the purity of nitrogen is 98%, and continue to inject nitrogen for 16 hours, and wait for cooling for 36 hours. During this time, the surface temperature of the auxiliary material will be less than 150°C. Open each protective cover, clean the auxiliary material manually or with a suction machine, and clean the auxiliary material to a depth of 8-10cm each time;

[0094] (8) Repeat the step of cleaning the upper layer of auxiliary materials in step (7) 4-5 times until the sedimentation plate is exposed;

[0095] (9) Cooling the settlement cover plate:

[0096] 1) Cover the protective cover plates: Install the assembled protective cover plates on the furnace body in sequence to form a cooling chamber with the furnace body; after covering the protective cover plates, use refractory cloth to cover the gap between the protective cover plates and the furnace body; connect the protective gas supply mechanism and the other end of the air inlet channel.

[0097] 2) Injection of protective gas: connect the protective gas supply mechanism and the air inlet channel, introduce nitrogen into the cooling chamber, the purity of nitrogen is 98%, and continue to inject nitrogen for 16 hours, and wait for cooling for 36 hours. During this time, the temperature of the settling plate will be less than 150°C, and then, uncover each protective cover;

[0098] (11) Suction: After opening the sedimentation plate, use a suction machine to suck up the negative electrode material product.

[0099] Among them, in steps (7)-(11), whether it is the grabbing of auxiliary materials or the absorption of negative electrode materials, mechanical operations can be performed. However, in some factory areas, this process still requires manual assistance, which means that the operator needs to enter the furnace body. In order to avoid safety problems such as hypoxia caused by manual entry into the furnace body after the furnace body is filled with nitrogen, before manual entry into the nitrogen-filled furnace body (at this time, at least a number of protective covers above the furnace body are opened to allow enough people to enter), the furnace body needs to be purged with a fan or other blower for at least 5 minutes to ensure that there is enough oxygen in the furnace body to avoid safety problems such as hypoxia during operation of the operator.

[0100] In the prior art, the conventional method of removing negative electrode materials from the furnace is to directly perform trenching, material grabbing and other cooling treatments according to the temperature changes of the insulation layer and auxiliary material layer above the box. However, as the thickness of the material body above the box decreases, the negative electrode materials in the box are easily exposed to oxygen in the air, resulting in partial oxidation of the negative electrode materials.

[0101] To this end, the present application combines the existing structure of the Acheson graphitization furnace and adds a furnace discharge device. Due to the presence of the furnace discharge device, the material body (auxiliary material layer) close to the box body can reduce the probability of contact with oxygen in the air during the cooling process, and then cooperate with the protective gas supply mechanism to purge and cool the cooling chamber, shortening the cooling time of the process, thereby shortening the operation cycle of the graphitization furnace and improving production efficiency. At the same time, the protective gas can also protect the negative electrode material during the cooling process to avoid excessive oxidation affecting the quality of the negative electrode material.

[0102] Example 3

[0103] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that:

[0104] The purity of nitrogen filled into the cooling chamber is 99%.

[0105] Example 4

[0106] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that:

[0107] The purity of nitrogen filled into the cooling chamber is 99.5%.

[0108] Example 5

[0109] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that:

[0110] Nitrogen is filled into the cooling chamber for 24 hours each time, with a purity of 98%, and then cooled for 16 hours.

[0111] Example 6

[0112] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 5 is that:

[0113] The purity of nitrogen filled into the cooling chamber is 99%.

[0114] Example 7

[0115] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 5 is that:

[0116] The purity of nitrogen filled into the cooling chamber is 99.5%.

[0117] Comparative Example 1

[0118] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that:

[0119] The protective cover is made of Fig.10 The conventional rectangular plate structure shown in FIG. 1 is, of course, provided with an air inlet channel and an air outlet channel respectively, and the overall structure of the air outlet channel and the air inlet channel is as shown in FIG. Figure 7 , 8 At the same time, an air flow dispersion mechanism is also provided at the outlet end of the air inlet channel. The protective cover plates are sequentially arranged on the furnace body, and other steps remain unchanged, for cooling the negative electrode material after it is taken out of the furnace.

[0120] Comparative Example 2

[0121] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that:

[0122] The air intake channel is not connected to the air flow dispersion mechanism, and other steps remain unchanged.

[0123] Comparative Example 3

[0124] In this comparative example, the negative electrode material adopts the traditional furnace-out steps, which are as follows:

[0125] (1) Trenching: Trenching should be carried out 72 hours after the graphitization furnace is powered off, with 6-8 trenches on the top, the material grabbing depth is 20-30cm, and the spacing is 3-4m; the first leveling should be carried out 120 hours after the graphitization furnace is powered off, and the first layer of 20cm of insulation material should be completely removed.

[0126] (2) The first edge grabbing: Within 168 hours after the graphitization furnace is powered off, the material surface temperature is measured between 700-750℃, and the first edge grabbing is carried out with a grabbing depth of 20-30cm.

[0127] (3) First top grabbing: 216 hours after the graphitization furnace is powered off, the material surface temperature is measured between 800-850°C, and the first top grabbing is carried out with a grabbing depth of 10 cm.

[0128] (4) Second edge grabbing: Within 264 hours after the graphitization furnace is powered off, the temperature is measured between 550-600℃, and the second edge grabbing is carried out with a grabbing depth of 20-30cm.

[0129] (5) Second top grabbing: Within 336 hours after the graphitization furnace is powered off, the material surface temperature is between 800-850℃, and the second top grabbing is carried out with a grabbing depth of 10cm until the thickness of the auxiliary material above the sedimentation plate is 40-50cm.

[0130] (6) Multiple scraping of the top and grabbing of the edge: Within 768 hours after the power outage, the auxiliary materials above the settlement plate shall be handled according to the principle of less grabbing and more frequent grabbing, that is, when the material surface temperature is less than 50℃, a small amount of auxiliary materials on the settlement plate shall be scraped manually, and this cycle shall be repeated until the thickness of the auxiliary materials on the settlement plate is about 10cm. This process can make full use of the working gap for processing.

[0131] (7) Clear the auxiliary materials on the sedimentation plate: within 840 hours after the power outage, when the temperature of the carbon column is less than 50°C, the auxiliary materials on the sedimentation plate shall be cleared out manually or by a suction machine, and the auxiliary materials on the sedimentation plate shall be cleared all at once.

[0132] (8) After the auxiliary materials are sucked, the sedimentation plate is immediately opened, and after the sedimentation plate is opened, a suction machine is used to suck the negative electrode material product.

[0133] The methods of unloading that failed to pass different conditions in Examples 2-7 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were compared in terms of whether there was nitrogen protection, nitrogen filling speed and nitrogen filling time, and specific surface area of ​​the negative electrode materials unloaded, and the results were shown in Table 1. Among them, the test method for the specific surface area of ​​the negative electrode material adopts the national standard GB / T 19587-2017 "Determination of the specific surface area of ​​solid substances by gas adsorption BET method".

[0134] It is worth noting that the smaller the specific surface area of ​​the negative electrode material, the lower its degree of oxidation. The negative electrode material has relatively fewer active sites in contact with the electrolyte, which can reduce the side reactions between the electrode and the electrolyte to a certain extent, such as avoiding excessive irreversible reactions that lead to attenuation of the battery capacity, which is beneficial to improving the battery's first coulombic efficiency and cycle performance.

[0135] At the same time, the gaps between negative electrode material particles with small specific surface area are smaller, and they can be stacked more tightly together, thereby increasing the tap density of the material, which is beneficial for improving the energy density of the battery and helps to store more energy in a limited space.

[0136] Table 1:

[0137]

[0138]

[0139] From the data in Table 1, we can see that:

[0140] 1. It can be seen from the data of Examples 2, 3, 4 and Examples 5 and 6 that during the process of taking out the furnace, the higher the purity of the nitrogen introduced, the smaller the specific surface area of ​​the obtained negative electrode material, and the better the performance of the negative electrode material.

[0141] 2. It can be seen from the data of Examples 2 and 5 that during the process of taking out the furnace, the longer the nitrogen is introduced, the smaller the specific surface area of ​​the obtained negative electrode material is, and the better the performance of the negative electrode material is.

[0142] 3. It can be seen from the data of Example 2 and Comparative Example 1 that the specific surface area of ​​the negative electrode material obtained by the furnace-out method in Comparative Example 1 is larger, indicating that during the nitrogen treatment, the airtightness of the entire cooling chamber also has a certain influence on the performance of the negative electrode material. After the same ventilation time as in Example 2, due to the structure of the protective cover plate in Comparative Example 1, there is convection of nitrogen and external air in the gaps between the protective cover plates. Therefore, the oxidation probability of the negative electrode material in Comparative Example 2 is greater and the performance is relatively worse.

[0143] 4. It can be seen from the data of Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 that the air flow dispersion mechanism can quickly blow the air in the cooling chamber to the external environment, reducing the residence time of the air in the cooling chamber, thereby reducing the oxidation probability of the negative electrode material and improving the performance of the negative electrode material.

[0144] 5. It can be seen from the data of Example 2 and Comparative Example 3 that compared with the traditional furnace-out procedure, the furnace-out method of the present application can not only reduce the furnace-out time, but also reduce the oxidation of the negative electrode material, thereby ensuring the performance of the negative electrode material.

[0145] In summary, the combination of the furnace discharging equipment and the furnace discharging method of the present application makes it difficult for the negative electrode material to be oxidized during the cooling process, reduces the specific surface area, and ensures the product quality; and due to the presence of each protective cover plate, when other graphitization furnaces in the same group are subjected to material suction processing, the furnace body of the ventilated and cooled graphitization furnace can be protected to avoid dust pollution caused by material suction, thereby avoiding cross-infection of the graphitization furnaces in the graphitization group, ensuring the quality balance of the negative electrode materials in each graphitization furnace, and improving the quality stability of batch products.

[0146] Worth noting:

[0147] 1. The "edge grabbing" in the operation steps of this application can be understood as Figure 2 The heat-insulating material 107 between the upper and lower sides of the middle box body 105 and the furnace body 102 is removed.

[0148] 2. The "grabbing the top" in the operation steps of this application can be understood as Figure 1The heat-insulating material 107 above the middle box 105 (settling plate 109) is removed.

[0149] 3. The negative electrode material prepared in this application is a powdered granular negative electrode material. According to customer requirements, the particle size of the negative electrode material includes D10, D50, D90, D99, D100, etc. The unit of particle size is micron. The overall structure of this type of negative electrode material is powdery. Its cracking condition is not considered, and its oxidation condition is mainly considered.

[0150] 4. To ensure the stability of the box when the negative electrode material 106 in the furnace is not sucked out, the conductive coke 104 at the head and tail of the furnace is only grasped about 10 cm below the top of the box 105. Similarly, the insulation material 107 on the left and right sides ( Figure 2 The insulation material 107) on the upper and lower sides of the middle box body 106 only reaches 20-30cm below the top of the box 105.

[0151] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0152] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the positions or positional relationships in which the invented product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0153] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. An Acheson graphitization furnace unloading device, used in conjunction with a furnace body (102) of the graphitization furnace, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of protective cover plates (2) and a protective gas supply mechanism, Each protective cover plate (2) is sequentially mounted above the furnace body (102) and forms a cooling chamber with the furnace body (102); wherein any two protective cover plates (2) are respectively provided with an air inlet channel (201) and an air outlet channel (206); The protective gas supply mechanism is in communication with the air inlet channel (201) and is used to guide air into the cooling chamber, and the air outlet channel (206) is used to connect the outside world and the cooling chamber.

2. The furnace discharging equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective cover plates (2) are arranged side by side and spliced ​​on the furnace body (102). The protective cover plate (2) has two spliced ​​side walls, one of which is provided with a recessed groove (27), and the other is provided with a snap-fitting protrusion (28). The recessed groove (27) of any protective cover plate (2) is plugged into and matched with the snap-fitting protrusion (28) of an adjacent protective cover plate (2).

3. The furnace discharging equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two side walls of the recessed groove (27) are respectively provided with sealing layers (271), and the two sealing layers (271) are used to fit and contact with adjacent clamping protrusions (28).

4. The furnace discharging equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes reinforcement components, The reinforcement component comprises at least one plug-in block (29) and slots (281) having the same number as the plug-in block (29); the plug-in block (29) is protruding at the bottom of the recessed groove (27); the slots (281) are provided with a snap-fitting protrusion (28); the plug-in block (29) is plugged into an adjacent slot (281); Wherein, at least one locking block (212) is telescopically arranged on the insert block (29), and the locking block (212) extends along the insert block (29) to drive the matching slot (281) to move toward the insert block (29).

5. The furnace discharging equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The locking block (212) is driven by a temperature-variable driving member to extend and retract along the insert block (29); The temperature-variable driving component comprises a shrinking block (213), a moving block (214) and a memory alloy spring (216); the shrinking block (213) is embedded in a connecting groove (215) provided on the plug block (29); the memory alloy spring (216) is located between the connecting groove (215) and the shrinking block (213); one end of the moving block (214) is in close contact with the shrinking block (213) for sliding contact; the other end of the moving block (214) is in close contact with the locking block (212) for sliding contact; and the shrinking block (213) is shrunk toward the plug block (29) under the action of the memory alloy spring (216), driving the moving block (214) to move, and driving the locking block (212) to extend out of the plug block (29).

6. The furnace discharging equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The locking block (212) is vertically arranged, a mounting groove (211) is provided on the insert block (29), and a tension spring (210) is provided between the locking block (212) and the mounting groove (211); A guiding inclined surface is provided on one side of the end of the locking block (212) close to the recessed groove (27); the slot (281) is in a T-shaped slot structure; and a transition inclined surface is provided at the junction of the vertical section and the horizontal section of the slot (281); The locking block (212) extends along the insert block (29) so that the guiding inclined surface of the locking block (212) slides along the transition inclined surface of the adjacent slot (281), driving the locking block (212) from the vertical section of the slot (281) into the horizontal section of the slot (281).

7. The furnace discharging device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The protective cover plate (2) is provided with two lifting handles (20).

8. The furnace discharging equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The protective cover plate (2) having the air inlet channel (201) is also provided with a detachably connected air flow dispersion mechanism. The airflow dispersion mechanism comprises a main pipe (22) connected to the air inlet channel (201) and a plurality of branch pipes (23) connected to the main pipe (22), and the discharge end of each branch pipe (23) is arranged in a slanted downward direction in the furnace body (102).

9. The furnace discharging equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The protective cover plate (2) having an air outlet passage (206) is also provided with an air box (25), wherein the air box (25) and the protective cover plate (2) form an air outlet cavity, wherein the air outlet cavity is communicated with the cooling chamber, and the air outlet passage (206) is communicated with the air outlet cavity, wherein the air outlet cavity is also connected to a detection tube (24) with a valve.

10. A method for removing an Acheson graphitization furnace, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Trenching: Trenching is carried out 48 hours after the graphitization furnace is powered off, with 6-8 trenches on the top, a material grabbing depth of 20-30cm, and a spacing of 3-4m; the first leveling is carried out 72 hours after the graphitization furnace is powered off, and the first layer of 20cm of insulation material is completely removed; (2) First top grabbing: 168 hours after the graphitization furnace is powered off, the material surface temperature is between 700-750°C, and the first top grabbing is carried out, with a grabbing depth of 20-30 cm; (3) Second top grabbing: Within 248 hours after the graphitization furnace is powered off, the material surface temperature is between 800-850°C, and the second top grabbing is carried out with a grabbing depth of 10 cm; (4) First edge grabbing: Within 296 hours after the graphitization furnace is powered off, the material surface temperature is between 550-600°C, and the first edge grabbing is carried out with a grabbing depth of 20-30cm; (5) Second edge grabbing: Within 344 hours after the graphitization furnace is powered off, the temperature is measured between 800-850°C, and the second edge grabbing is carried out with a grabbing depth of 10 cm; (6) The third top grab: within 400 hours after the graphitization furnace is powered off, the material surface temperature is between 300-400°C, and the third top grab is carried out with a grab depth of 10 cm; (7) Clean the upper auxiliary materials: within 456 hours after the graphitization furnace is powered off, the material surface temperature is between 150-200°C, and the upper auxiliary materials are cleaned manually or by a suction machine; The steps for cleaning the upper layer of auxiliary materials are as follows: 1) The protective cover plates (2) described in any one of claims 1 to 9 are sequentially mounted on the furnace body (102) to form a cooling chamber with the furnace body (102). After each protective cover plate (2) is covered, a refractory cloth is used to cover the gap between each protective cover plate (2) and the furnace body (102); 2) connecting the protective gas supply mechanism described in any one of claims 1 to 9 to the air inlet channel (201), guiding the gas in the cooling chamber for a preset time, and after the material surface temperature reaches 150° C., uncovering each protective cover plate (2), and cleaning the auxiliary material manually or with a suction machine, with the auxiliary material being cleaned to a depth of 8-10 cm each time; (8) Repeat the step of cleaning the upper layer of auxiliary materials in step (7) until the sedimentation plate is exposed; (9) Suction: After opening the sedimentation plate, use a suction machine to suck up the negative electrode material product.

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