Anchor rod dynamic information monitoring experiment device in anchoring process and use method

Abstract

The invention relates to an anchoring process anchor rod power information monitoring experiment device which comprises a bearing rack, an adjusting bearing table, a bearing guide rail, a feeding driving guide rail, a transverse driving guide rail, a rotary table mechanism, a longitudinal driving mechanism, a bearing seat, a sliding table, an anchor rod feeding driving mechanism and a positioning clamp set. The anchor rod feeding driving mechanism is connected with the upper end face of the bearing rack through the bearing guide rail, the bearing seat is slidably connected with the adjusting bearing table through the longitudinal driving mechanism, and the sliding table is slidably connected with the upper end face of the bearing seat through the transverse driving guide rail and connected with the positioning clamp set through the rotary table mechanism. The monitoring method comprises the three steps of equipment assembly, anchor rod assembly and monitoring operation. The device not only can simulate defect anchoring under various conditions, but also can be used as a common drilling machine test bed to realize centered anchoring, and the precision of analog simulation is effectively improved while analog simulation of various different geological mechanisms and construction processes is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an experimental device for monitoring dynamic information of anchor rods during anchoring process and a use method thereof, belonging to the technical field of anchor rod support. Background Art

[0002] During the anchoring process, various anchoring defects often occur due to factors such as the surrounding rock conditions and the quality of workers. For example, anchoring eccentricity, excessive stirring of anchoring agents, insufficient stirring of anchoring agents, and substandard anchoring length. Studies have shown that when the anchor penetrates and stirs the anchoring agent, the rod will be subjected to mechanical effects such as counter-torque and reverse thrust from the anchoring agent. The dynamic information of the anchor, such as the rotation speed, drilling speed, and vibration amplitude, will change with different anchoring defects. Therefore, the degree of anchoring can be judged by monitoring the dynamic parameters during the anchoring process, which provides a new idea for non-destructive testing of anchoring quality during the anchoring process. However, the existing anchor drilling rigs have a single functional mode and cannot monitor various dynamic information during the anchoring process. Such as the patent application number "202210674372.7" for "an anchor bolt anchoring process test equipment and anchor bolt anchoring quality evaluation method", the patent application number "201720687323.1" for "an anchor bolt dynamic load test device for jointed rock mass", and the patent application number "201010230663.4" for "anchor bolt drilling rig and monitoring device capable of monitoring drilling working status".

[0003] Therefore, based on the above situation, the present invention proposes an experimental device for monitoring the dynamic information of anchor rods during the anchoring process, which can simulate various defective anchorings and monitor various dynamic information of resin anchor rods during the anchoring process, providing equipment support for non-destructive detection of anchoring quality based on anchor rod dynamic information. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an experimental device for monitoring the dynamic information of anchor rods during the anchoring process and a method for using the device. The invention has broad application prospects and can not only simulate defective anchoring in various situations, but can also be used as an ordinary drilling rig test bench to achieve centered anchoring. While meeting the simulation of various different geological structures and construction processes, it effectively improves the accuracy of the simulation and reduces the difficulty and cost of operating and maintaining the monitoring equipment.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0006] An experimental device for monitoring dynamic information of anchor rods during anchoring process, comprising a bearing frame, an adjustable bearing platform, a bearing guide rail, a feed drive guide rail, a transverse drive guide rail, a turntable mechanism, a longitudinal drive mechanism, a bearing seat, a slide, an anchor rod feed drive mechanism, a positioning fixture group and a drive circuit. The bearing frame and the adjustable bearing platform are both frame structures with rectangular cross sections, which are distributed in the same straight line direction, and their upper end faces are parallel to the horizontal plane. At the same time, the adjustable bearing platform is located at the rear end face of the bearing frame. The anchor rod feed drive mechanism is connected to the upper end face of the bearing frame through the bearing guide rail, and the anchor rod feed drive mechanism is slidably connected to the bearing guide rail through the feed drive guide rail. At the same time, the axis of the anchor rod feed drive mechanism is parallel to the axis of the bearing guide rail, and is parallel to the upper end face of the bearing frame. The bearing seat slides between the longitudinal drive mechanism and the adjustable bearing platform. The upper end surface of the bearing seat is connected with the transverse driving guide rail, the axis of the transverse driving guide rail is perpendicular to and intersects with the feed driving guide rail, the slide is connected with the transverse driving guide rail, and is slidingly connected with the upper end surface of the bearing seat through the transverse driving guide rail. A turntable mechanism is arranged on the upper end surface of the slide, and is connected with the positioning fixture group through the turntable mechanism. The axis of the turntable mechanism is perpendicular to the axes of the adjusting bearing platform and the positioning fixture group, and intersects with the axis of the positioning fixture group. The axis of the positioning fixture group is perpendicular to the upper end surface of the adjusting bearing platform. The adjusting bearing platform is rotated within the range of 0°-180° through the turntable mechanism. The driving circuit is connected to the outer side surface of the bearing frame, and is electrically connected to the feed driving guide rail, the transverse driving guide rail, the turntable mechanism, the longitudinal driving mechanism, the anchor feeding driving mechanism, and the positioning fixture group respectively.

[0007] Furthermore, the anchor feed drive mechanism includes a drilling rig, a connecting mechanism, a data monitoring mechanism, and a limit device, wherein the lower end faces of the drilling rig and the limit device are slidably connected between the feed drive guide rail and the bearing guide rail, and the drilling rig and the limit device are coaxially distributed, and the drilling rig is located at the front end face position of the bearing frame, and the limit device is located at the rear end face position of the bearing frame, the front end face of the drilling rig is connected to the data monitoring mechanism through the connecting mechanism, and the drilling rig, the connecting mechanism, and the data monitoring mechanism are coaxially distributed, and the drilling rig and the data monitoring mechanism are both electrically connected to the driving circuit.

[0008] Furthermore, the data monitoring mechanism includes a protective shell, a power transmission shaft, a connecting shaft, a coupling, a torque sensor, a pressure sensor, a speed sensor, a vibration sensor, a terminal block and a displacement sensor, wherein the protective shell is a cylindrical cavity structure, and its front end face and rear end face are both provided with axial holes coaxially distributed therewith, the power transmission shaft and the connecting shaft are both located in the protective shell and coaxially distributed with the protective shell, wherein the rear end face of the power transmission shaft is located outside the rear end face of the protective shell through the axial hole, and is connected to the drilling rig through a coupling, the front end face of the connecting shaft is located outside the front end face of the protective shell through the axial hole, and is connected to a coupling, in addition, the front end face of the power transmission shaft The end face is connected to the rear end face of the connecting shaft through a coupling, and a torque sensor is provided at the connection position between the power transmission shaft and the connecting shaft. At the same time, a displacement sensor is provided at the connecting shaft, and the displacement sensor is connected to the inner side of the protective shell. At the same time, a pressure sensor and a vibration sensor are also provided at the connection position between the rear end face of the connecting shaft and the coupling. A speed sensor is provided at the power transmission shaft, and the speed sensor is connected to the inner side of the protective shell. The wiring terminals are embedded in the outer side of the protective shell, and are electrically connected to the torque sensor, pressure sensor, speed sensor, vibration sensor, displacement sensor and drive circuit through wires.

[0009] Furthermore, the connecting shaft includes a transmission shaft and an assembly seat, wherein there are two transmission shafts, which are connected and coaxially distributed through an assembly seat, wherein the rear end face of one transmission shaft is connected to a coupling and is connected to a power transmission shaft through a coupling, and the front end face of the other transmission shaft is connected to a coupling and is located outside the front end face of the protective shell, and the assembly seat is a spoke-shaped structure, and there are two assembly seats, and the two assembly seats are respectively connected to the two transmission shafts and coaxially distributed, and the two assembly seats are connected through a pressure sensor and at least three vibration sensors, wherein the pressure sensor is coaxially distributed with the assembly seat, and the vibration sensors are evenly distributed around the axis of the assembly seat and are located at the outer side of the assembly seat.

[0010] Furthermore, the limiting device includes a bearing plate, a guide groove, an adjusting plate, a pressure sensor, a universal ball, and an adjusting bolt, wherein the bearing plate and the adjusting plate are both plate-like structures with a rectangular cross-section, and their plate surfaces are both perpendicular to the axis of the drilling rig, wherein the lower end surface of the bearing plate is slidably connected to the adjusting bearing platform through a feed drive guide rail, and the upper end surface is connected to the lower end surface of the adjusting plate through two adjusting bolts, and the upper end surface of the bearing plate and the lower end surface of the adjusting plate are both provided with an arc-shaped guide groove parallel to the axis of the drilling rig, and when the spacing between the bearing plate and the adjusting plate is 0, the guide grooves of the bearing plate and the adjusting plate constitute a perfect circular hole structure coaxially distributed with the drilling rig, and at least three universal ball bearings are evenly distributed around the axis of the guide groove in the guide groove, and each universal ball bearing is connected to the groove wall of the guide groove through a pressure sensor, and at the same time each pressure sensor is electrically connected to the driving circuit.

[0011] Furthermore, the positioning fixture group includes a bearing base, a slider, a three-jaw self-centering chuck, a motor screw drive mechanism, and a guide slide groove, wherein the bearing base is a rectangular plate-like structure with a rectangular cross-section and parallel to the upper end face of the bearing frame, and there are at least two sliders, each of which is distributed along the axis direction of the bearing base, and each slider is connected to a three-jaw self-centering chuck, and each three-jaw self-centering chuck is coaxially distributed with the drilling rig of the anchor feed drive mechanism. At the same time, the lower end face of the slider is slidingly connected to the bearing base through a guide slide groove, and the axis of the guide slide groove is parallel to the axis of the three-jaw self-centering chuck. At the same time, a motor screw drive mechanism parallel to its axis is arranged in the guide slide groove, and the motor screw drive mechanism is connected to the lower end face of the slider, and the motor screw drive mechanism is also electrically connected to the drive circuit.

[0012] Furthermore, the transverse driving guide rail and the longitudinal driving mechanism are either one of a lead screw mechanism and a gear rack mechanism or both of them; the driving circuit is a circuit system based on a programmable controller.

[0013] A monitoring method based on an anchor bolt dynamic information monitoring experimental device during anchoring process comprises the following steps:

[0014] S1, equipment assembly, firstly, according to the diameter of the anchor to be monitored and the anchoring force, the equipment structure and operation parameters of the anchor feed drive mechanism and the positioning fixture group are set respectively, and then the bearing frame, the adjustment bearing platform, the bearing guide rail, the feed drive guide rail, the transverse drive guide rail, the turntable mechanism, the longitudinal drive mechanism, the bearing seat, the slide, the anchor feed drive mechanism, the positioning fixture group and the drive circuit are assembled to obtain the finished monitoring equipment; then, a test block for experimental operation is prepared, and an experimental anchor hole coaxially distributed with the test block is set on the test block, and a bagged anchoring agent is set at the bottom of the anchor hole;

[0015] S2, anchor assembly, firstly, the test block is clamped and positioned by the three-claw self-centering chucks of the positioning fixture group, and the axis of the anchor hole and the axis of the anchor feeding drive mechanism are distributed in the same plane, then the deflection angle of the positioning fixture group is adjusted by the turntable mechanism, and the coaxiality between the positioning fixture group and the anchor feeding drive mechanism is adjusted, and then the front end face of the anchor to be monitored is connected with the coupling at the front end face of the anchor feeding drive mechanism, and after guiding and constraining through the guide groove of the limit device of the anchor feeding drive mechanism, the rear end face of the anchor is inserted into the port of the anchor hole of the test block, and the anchor assembly is completed;

[0016] S3, monitoring operation, after completing step S2, first drive the anchor rod feed drive mechanism to operate, and the drill rig of the anchor rod feed drive mechanism provides rotation and feed drive force for the anchor rod; and the data monitoring mechanism coaxially collects the feed amount, rotation speed, torque, pressure and vibration parameters during the rotation and feeding process of the anchor rod; then, in the process of driving the anchor rod to be inserted into the anchor hole, the rotational force of the anchor rod is used to break the packaging bag covering the anchor agent, and then the anchor agent fills the gap between the anchor rod and the anchor hole. At this time, the data monitoring mechanism is used to collect the feed amount, rotation speed, torque, pressure and vibration parameters of the anchor rod, and transmit them to the drive circuit for monitoring data output, thereby completing the need for full monitoring of the anchor rod operation status.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least one of the following advantages:

[0018] 1. This device has a wide range of application prospects. It can not only simulate defective anchoring in various situations, but also can be used as a common drilling rig test bench to achieve center anchoring. While meeting the simulation of various geological structures and construction processes, it effectively improves the accuracy of simulation and reduces the difficulty and cost of monitoring equipment operation and maintenance.

[0019] 2. During the mixing process, various dynamic parameters of the anchor can be intuitively output to the computer terminal, so that the degree of anchoring can be judged during the mixing stage, and the simulation accuracy of anchor mixing, drilling and other states is high, providing a new idea for non-destructive testing of anchoring quality;

[0020] 3. Compared with traditional devices, this device is light in weight, high in precision, low in noise, stable and reliable. The application of multiple sensors enables the working status of this device to be intuitively fed back to the operator in the form of data;

[0021] 4. The application of the slide table in conjunction with the use of the turning table allows the anchor rod to be anchored at a variety of angles and degrees of eccentricity, simulating a variety of complex defective anchoring conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments;

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the anchor feeding drive mechanism;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the partial structure of the data monitoring organization;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly seat structure;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limit device;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the positioning fixture assembly from a side view;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to realize the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of the present invention and facilitate construction, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0031] like Figure 1-6 As shown, an experimental device for monitoring dynamic information of anchor rods during anchoring process comprises a bearing frame 1, an adjustable bearing platform 2, a bearing guide rail 3, a feed drive guide rail 4, a transverse drive guide rail 5, a turntable mechanism 6, a longitudinal drive mechanism 7, a bearing seat 8, a slide 9, an anchor rod feed drive mechanism 10, a positioning fixture group 11 and a drive circuit 12. The bearing frame 1 and the adjustable bearing platform 2 are both frame structures with rectangular cross sections, which are distributed in the same straight line direction, and their upper end surfaces are parallel to the horizontal plane. At the same time, the adjustable bearing platform 2 is located at the rear end surface of the bearing frame 1. The anchor rod feed drive mechanism 10 is connected to the upper end surface of the bearing frame 1 through the bearing guide rail 3, and the anchor rod feed drive mechanism 10 is slidably connected to the bearing guide rail 3 through the feed drive guide rail 4. At the same time, the axis of the anchor rod feed drive mechanism 10 is parallel to the axis of the bearing guide rail 3, and is also parallel to the upper end surface of the bearing frame 1. The bearing seat 8 slides between the longitudinal drive mechanism 7 and the adjustable bearing platform 2 The upper end surface of the bearing seat 8 is connected, and the axis of the longitudinal driving mechanism 7 is parallel to the axis of the bearing guide rail 3. The upper end surface of the bearing seat 8 is connected to the transverse driving guide rail 5. The axis of the transverse driving guide rail 5 is perpendicular to and intersects with the feed driving guide rail 4. The slide 9 is connected to the transverse driving guide rail 5, and is slidably connected to the upper end surface of the bearing seat 8 through the transverse driving guide rail 5. A turntable mechanism 6 is arranged on the upper end surface of the slide 9, and is connected to the positioning fixture group 11 through the turntable mechanism 6. The axis of the turntable mechanism 6 is perpendicular to the axis of the adjusting bearing platform 2 and the positioning fixture group 11, and intersects with the axis of the positioning fixture group 11. The axis of the positioning fixture group 11 is perpendicular to the upper end surface of the adjusting bearing platform 2. The adjusting bearing platform 2 is rotated within the range of 0°-180° through the turntable mechanism 6. The driving circuit 12 is connected to the outer side surface of the bearing frame 1, and is electrically connected to the feed driving guide rail 4, the transverse driving guide rail 5, the turntable mechanism 6, the longitudinal driving mechanism 7, the anchor feeding driving mechanism 10, and the positioning fixture group 11 respectively.

[0032] In this embodiment, the anchor feed drive mechanism 10 includes a drilling rig 101, a connecting mechanism 102, a data monitoring mechanism 103, and a limiting device 104, wherein the lower end surfaces of the drilling rig 101 and the limiting device 104 are slidingly connected to the bearing guide rail through the feed drive guide rail 4, and the drilling rig 101 and the limiting device 104 are coaxially distributed, and the drilling rig 101 is located at the front end surface position of the bearing frame 1, and the limiting device 104 is located at the rear end surface position of the bearing frame 1, the front end surface of the drilling rig 101 is connected to the data monitoring mechanism 103 through the connecting mechanism 102, and the drilling rig 101, the connecting mechanism 102, and the data monitoring mechanism 103 are coaxially distributed, and the drilling rig 101 and the data monitoring mechanism 103 are both electrically connected to the drive circuit 12.

[0033] Further optimized, the drilling rig 101 is any one of an electric drilling rig, a hydraulic drilling rig and a pneumatic drilling rig.

[0034] It is emphasized that the data monitoring mechanism 103 includes a protective shell 1031, a power transmission shaft 1032, a connecting shaft 1033, a coupling 1034, a torque sensor 1035, a pressure sensor 1036, a speed sensor 1037, a vibration sensor 1038, a terminal 1039 and a displacement sensor 10301, wherein the protective shell 1031 is a cylindrical cavity structure, and its front end face and rear end face are both provided with an axial hole 1030 coaxially distributed therewith, the power transmission shaft 1032 and the connecting shaft 1033 are both located in the protective shell 1031 and coaxially distributed with the protective shell 1031, wherein the rear end face of the power transmission shaft 1032 is located outside the rear end face of the protective shell 1031 through the axial hole 1030, and is connected to the drilling rig 101 through the coupling 1034, the front end face of the connecting shaft 1033 is located outside the front end face of the protective shell 1031 through the axial hole 1030, and is connected to a coupling 1034, in addition, the power transmission shaft 103 The front end face of the connecting shaft 1032 is connected to the rear end face of the connecting shaft 1033 through a coupling 1034, and a torque sensor 1035 is provided at the connection position of the power transmission shaft 1032 and the connecting shaft 1033. At the same time, a displacement sensor 10301 is provided at the connecting shaft 1033, and the displacement sensor 10301 is connected to the inner side of the protective shell 1031. At the same time, a pressure sensor 1036 and a vibration sensor 1038 are provided at the connection position of the rear end face of the connecting shaft 1033 and the coupling 1034. A speed sensor 1037 is provided at the power transmission shaft 1032, and the speed sensor 1037 is connected to the inner side of the protective shell 1031. The wiring terminal 1039 is embedded in the outer side of the protective shell 1031, and is electrically connected to the torque sensor 1035, the pressure sensor 1036, the speed sensor 1037, the vibration sensor 1038, the displacement sensor 10301 and the driving circuit 12 through wires.

[0035] Among them, in order to facilitate the installation and positioning of the torque sensor, pressure sensor, speed sensor, and vibration sensor, and also to help improve the constraint positioning of the power transmission shaft and the connecting shaft, improve the coaxiality between the power transmission shaft and the connecting shaft, and improve the monitoring accuracy, a bearing bracket 10302 coaxially distributed therewith is provided in the protective shell 1031. There is at least one bearing bracket 10302, whose outer side surface is connected to the inner side surface of the protective shell 1031 and is covered on the outside of the power transmission shaft 1032, and the bearing bracket 10302 and the power transmission shaft 1032 are connected to each other through a bearing 10303.

[0036] At the same time, the setting of the coupling can effectively improve the convenience of connection between the power transmission shaft and the connecting shaft, and also help to flexibly replace and maintain parts according to monitoring operations.

[0037] In particular, the connecting shaft 1033 includes a transmission shaft 10331 and an assembly seat 10332, wherein the transmission shaft 10331 is two in total, and the two transmission shafts 10331 are connected through the assembly seat 10332 and are coaxially distributed, wherein the rear end face of one transmission shaft 10331 is connected to the coupling 1034, and is connected to the power transmission shaft 1032 through the coupling 1034, and the front end face of the other transmission shaft 10331 is connected to the coupling 1034 and is located outside the front end face of the protective shell 1031, the The assembly seat 10332 is a spoke-shaped structure, and there are two assembly seats 10332. At the same time, the two assembly seats 10332 are respectively connected to the two transmission shafts 10331 and are coaxially distributed. At the same time, the two assembly seats 10332 are connected through a pressure sensor 1036 and at least three vibration sensors 1038, wherein the pressure sensor 1036 is coaxially distributed with the assembly seat 10332, and the vibration sensors 1038 are evenly distributed around the axis of the assembly seat 10332 and are located on the outer side of the assembly seat 10332.

[0038] By setting up an assembly seat to achieve connection between transmission shafts, on the one hand, it helps to improve the convenience of installation and positioning of torque sensors and pressure sensors, and improve the accuracy of data monitoring operations of torque sensors and pressure sensors; on the other hand, it also helps in daily maintenance of connecting shafts and equipment repair operations, thereby improving the flexibility and convenience of equipment operation.

[0039] In this embodiment, the limiting device 104 includes a bearing plate 1041, a guide groove 1042, an adjustment plate 1043, a pressure sensor 1036, a universal ball 1044, and an adjustment bolt 1045, wherein the bearing plate 1041 and the adjustment plate 1043 are both plate-shaped structures with a rectangular cross section, and their plate surfaces are perpendicular to the axis of the drilling rig 101, wherein the lower end surface of the bearing plate 1041 is slidably connected to the adjustment bearing platform 2 through the feed drive guide rail 4, and the upper end surface is connected to the lower end surface of the adjustment plate 1043 through two adjustment bolts 1045, and the upper end surface of the bearing plate 1041 and the adjustment The lower end surface of the section plate 1043 is provided with an arc-shaped guide groove 1042 which is distributed parallel to the axis of the drilling rig 101, and when the distance between the bearing plate 1041 and the adjusting plate is 0, the guide grooves 1042 of the bearing plate 1041 and the adjusting plate 1043 constitute a perfect circular hole structure which is coaxially distributed with the drilling rig 101, and at least three universal ball bearings 1044 which are evenly distributed around the axis of the guide groove 1042 are provided in the guide groove 1042, and each universal ball bearing 1044 is connected to the groove wall of the guide groove 1042 through a pressure sensor 1036, and each pressure sensor 1036 is electrically connected to the drive circuit 12.

[0040] At the same time, in order to facilitate increasing the working height of the supporting plate 1041 , the lower end surface of the supporting plate 1041 and the feed drive guide rail 4 can be slidably connected via a slider 112 , and the supporting plate 1041 is connected to the upper end surface of the slider 112 via an adjusting bolt 1045 .

[0041] The test anchor rod is covered by the guide groove between the load-bearing plate and the adjustment plate, so as to effectively load and position the anchor rod and prevent the anchor rod from sagging due to gravity and affecting the monitoring accuracy.

[0042] At the same time, during use, on the one hand, the distance between the load-bearing plate and the adjustment plate can be adjusted by adjusting the bolts, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the inner diameter of the guide groove to meet the needs of anchor test operations with different diameters; on the other hand, the universal ball can effectively reduce the friction between the anchor and the guide groove, and at the same time, the swing amplitude and direction of the anchor during rotation can be accurately monitored through the pressure sensors.

[0043] In this embodiment, the positioning fixture group 11 includes a bearing base 111, a slider 112, a three-jaw self-centering chuck 113, a motor screw drive mechanism 114, and a guide slot 115, wherein the bearing base 111 is a rectangular plate-like structure with a rectangular cross-section and parallel to the upper end face of the bearing frame 1, and there are at least two sliders 112, each slider 112 is distributed along the axis direction of the bearing base 111, and each slider 112 is connected to a three-jaw self-centering chuck 113, and each three-jaw self-centering chuck 113 is coaxially distributed with the drilling rig 101 of the anchor feed drive mechanism 10, and at the same time, the lower end face of the slider 112 is slidably connected to the bearing base 111 through the guide slot 115, and the axis of the guide slot is parallel to the axis of the three-jaw self-centering chuck, and at the same time, a motor screw drive mechanism parallel to its axis is arranged in the guide slot, and the motor screw drive mechanism is connected to the lower end face of the slider, and the motor screw drive mechanism is also electrically connected to the drive circuit.

[0044] In this embodiment, the transverse driving guide rail and the longitudinal driving mechanism are any one of a lead screw mechanism and a gear rack mechanism or a combination of both; the driving circuit is a circuit system based on a programmable controller.

[0045] like Figure 7 As shown, a monitoring method based on an anchor bolt dynamic information monitoring experimental device during anchoring process comprises the following steps:

[0046] S1, equipment assembly, firstly, according to the diameter of the anchor to be monitored and the anchoring force, the equipment structure and operation parameters of the anchor feed drive mechanism and the positioning fixture group are set respectively, and then the bearing frame, the adjustment bearing platform, the bearing guide rail, the feed drive guide rail, the transverse drive guide rail, the turntable mechanism, the longitudinal drive mechanism, the bearing seat, the slide, the anchor feed drive mechanism, the positioning fixture group and the drive circuit are assembled to obtain the finished monitoring equipment; then, a test block for experimental operation is prepared, and an experimental anchor hole coaxially distributed with the test block is set on the test block, and a bagged anchoring agent is set at the bottom of the anchor hole;

[0047] S2, anchor assembly, firstly, the test block is clamped and positioned by the three-claw self-centering chucks of the positioning fixture group, and the axis of the anchor hole and the axis of the anchor feeding drive mechanism are distributed in the same plane, then the deflection angle of the positioning fixture group is adjusted by the turntable mechanism, and the coaxiality between the positioning fixture group and the anchor feeding drive mechanism is adjusted, and then the front end face of the anchor to be monitored is connected with the coupling at the front end face of the anchor feeding drive mechanism, and after guiding and constraining through the guide groove of the limit device of the anchor feeding drive mechanism, the rear end face of the anchor is inserted into the port of the anchor hole of the test block, and the anchor assembly is completed;

[0048] By adjusting the deflection angle of the positioning fixture group through the turntable mechanism, the bending deformation state of the anchor rod in the rock formation can be effectively simulated, further improving the monitoring accuracy;

[0049] S3, monitoring operation, after completing step S2, first drive the anchor rod feed drive mechanism to operate, and the drill rig of the anchor rod feed drive mechanism provides rotation and feed drive force for the anchor rod; and the data monitoring mechanism coaxially collects the feed amount, rotation speed, torque, pressure and vibration parameters during the rotation and feeding process of the anchor rod; then, in the process of driving the anchor rod to be inserted into the anchor hole, the rotational force of the anchor rod is used to break the packaging bag covering the anchor agent, and then the anchor agent fills the gap between the anchor rod and the anchor hole. At this time, the data monitoring mechanism is used to collect the feed amount, rotation speed, torque, pressure and vibration parameters of the anchor rod, and transmit them to the drive circuit for monitoring data output, thereby completing the need for full monitoring of the anchor rod operation status.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least one of the following advantages:

[0051] 1. This device has a wide range of application prospects. It can not only simulate defective anchoring in various situations, but also can be used as a common drilling rig test bench to achieve center anchoring. While meeting the simulation of various geological structures and construction processes, it effectively improves the accuracy of simulation and reduces the difficulty and cost of monitoring equipment operation and maintenance.

[0052] 2. During the mixing process, various dynamic parameters of the anchor can be intuitively output to the computer terminal, so that the degree of anchoring can be judged during the mixing stage, and the simulation accuracy of anchor mixing, drilling and other states is high, providing a new idea for non-destructive testing of anchoring quality;

[0053] 3. Compared with traditional devices, this device is light in weight, high in precision, low in noise, stable and reliable. The application of multiple sensors enables the working status of this device to be intuitively fed back to the operator in the form of data;

[0054] 4. The application of the slide table in conjunction with the use of the turning table allows the anchor rod to be anchored at a variety of angles and degrees of eccentricity, simulating a variety of complex defective anchoring conditions.

[0055] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An experimental device for monitoring dynamic information of anchor bolts during anchoring process, characterized in that: The anchor bolt dynamic information monitoring experimental device for the anchoring process includes a carrying frame, an adjustable carrying platform, a carrying guide rail, a feed drive guide rail, a transverse drive guide rail, a turntable mechanism, a longitudinal drive mechanism, a carrying seat, a slide, an anchor bolt feed drive mechanism, a positioning fixture group and a drive circuit, wherein the carrying frame and the adjustable carrying platform are both frame structures with rectangular cross-sections, distributed in the same straight line direction, and their upper end surfaces are parallel to the horizontal plane, and the adjustable carrying platform is located at the rear end surface of the carrying frame, wherein the anchor bolt feed drive mechanism is connected to the upper end surface of the carrying frame through the carrying guide rail, and the anchor bolt feed drive mechanism is slidably connected to the carrying guide rail through the feed drive guide rail, and the axis of the anchor bolt feed drive mechanism is parallel to the axis of the carrying guide rail, and is parallel to the upper end surface of the carrying frame, and the carrying seat is slidably connected to the adjusting carrying platform through the longitudinal drive mechanism. The upper end surface of the bearing seat is connected with the transverse driving guide rail, and the axis of the transverse driving guide rail is perpendicular to and intersects with the feed driving guide rail. The slide is connected with the transverse driving guide rail, and is slidably connected with the upper end surface of the bearing seat through the transverse driving guide rail. A turntable mechanism is arranged on the upper end surface of the slide, and is connected with the positioning fixture group through the turntable mechanism. The axis of the turntable mechanism is perpendicular to the axes of the adjusting bearing platform and the positioning fixture group, and intersects with the axis of the positioning fixture group. The axis of the positioning fixture group is perpendicular to the upper end surface of the adjusting bearing platform, and the adjusting bearing platform is rotated within the range of 0°-180° through the turntable mechanism. The driving circuit is connected to the outer side surface of the bearing frame, and is electrically connected to the feed driving guide rail, the transverse driving guide rail, the turntable mechanism, the longitudinal driving mechanism, the anchor rod feeding driving mechanism, and the positioning fixture group respectively.

2. The anchor bolt dynamic information monitoring experimental device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The anchor feed drive mechanism includes a drilling rig, a connecting mechanism, a data monitoring mechanism, and a limit device, wherein the lower end surfaces of the drilling rig and the limit device are slidably connected between the feed drive guide rail and the bearing guide rail, and the drilling rig and the limit device are coaxially distributed, and the drilling rig is located at the front end surface position of the bearing frame, and the limit device is located at the rear end surface position of the bearing frame, the front end surface of the drilling rig is connected to the data monitoring mechanism through the connecting mechanism, and the drilling rig, the connecting mechanism, and the data monitoring mechanism are coaxially distributed, and the drilling rig and the data monitoring mechanism are both electrically connected to the driving circuit.

3. The anchor bolt dynamic information monitoring experimental device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The data monitoring mechanism includes a protective shell, a power transmission shaft, a connecting shaft, a coupling, a torque sensor, a pressure sensor, a speed sensor, a vibration sensor, a terminal block and a displacement sensor, wherein the protective shell is a cylindrical cavity structure, and its front end face and rear end face are both provided with axial holes coaxially distributed therewith, the power transmission shaft and the connecting shaft are both located in the protective shell and coaxially distributed therewith, wherein the rear end face of the power transmission shaft is located outside the rear end face of the protective shell through the axial hole and is connected to the drilling rig through a coupling, the front end face of the connecting shaft is located outside the front end face of the protective shell through the axial hole and is connected to a coupling, and in addition, the front end face of the power transmission shaft is connected to the drill rig through the axial hole. The coupling is connected to the rear end face of the connecting shaft through a coupling, and a torque sensor is provided at the connection position of the power transmission shaft and the connecting shaft. At the same time, a displacement sensor is provided at the connecting shaft, and the displacement sensor is connected to the inner side of the protective shell. At the same time, a pressure sensor and a vibration sensor are also provided at the connection position between the rear end face of the connecting shaft and the coupling. A speed sensor is provided at the power transmission shaft, and the speed sensor is connected to the inner side of the protective shell. The wiring terminals are embedded in the outer side of the protective shell, and are electrically connected to the torque sensor, pressure sensor, speed sensor, vibration sensor, displacement sensor and drive circuit through wires.

4. The anchor bolt dynamic information monitoring experimental device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The connecting shaft includes a transmission shaft and an assembly seat, wherein there are two transmission shafts, which are connected and coaxially distributed through an assembly seat, wherein the rear end face of one transmission shaft is connected to a coupling and is connected to a power transmission shaft through a coupling, and the front end face of the other transmission shaft is connected to a coupling and is located outside the front end face of a protective shell, wherein the assembly seat is a spoke-shaped structure, and there are two assembly seats, and the two assembly seats are respectively connected to the two transmission shafts and coaxially distributed, and the two assembly seats are connected through a pressure sensor and at least three vibration sensors, wherein the pressure sensor is coaxially distributed with the assembly seat, and the vibration sensors are evenly distributed around the axis of the assembly seat and are located at the outer side of the assembly seat.

5. The anchor bolt dynamic information monitoring experimental device during anchoring process according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The limiting device includes a bearing plate, a guide groove, an adjusting plate, a pressure sensor, a universal ball, and an adjusting bolt, wherein the bearing plate and the adjusting plate are both plate-like structures with a rectangular cross-section, and their plate surfaces are both perpendicular to the axis of the drilling rig, wherein the lower end surface of the bearing plate is slidably connected to the adjusting bearing platform through a feed drive guide rail, and the upper end surface is connected to the lower end surface of the adjusting plate through two adjusting bolts, and the upper end surface of the bearing plate and the lower end surface of the adjusting plate are both provided with an arc-shaped guide groove parallel to the axis of the drilling rig, and when the spacing between the bearing plate and the adjusting plate is 0, the guide grooves of the bearing plate and the adjusting plate constitute a perfect circular hole structure coaxially distributed with the drilling rig, and at least three universal balls are arranged in the guide grooves, which are evenly distributed around the axis of the guide grooves, and each universal ball is connected to the groove wall of the guide groove through a pressure sensor, and at the same time each pressure sensor is electrically connected to the driving circuit.

6. The anchor bolt dynamic information monitoring experimental device during anchoring process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The positioning fixture group includes a bearing base, a slider, a three-jaw self-centering chuck, a motor screw drive mechanism, and a guide slide groove, wherein the bearing base is a rectangular plate-like structure with a rectangular cross-section and is parallel to the upper end face of the bearing frame, and there are at least two sliders, each of which is distributed along the axis direction of the bearing base, and each slider is connected to a three-jaw self-centering chuck, and each three-jaw self-centering chuck is coaxially distributed with the drilling rig of the anchor feed drive mechanism. At the same time, the lower end face of the slider is slidingly connected to the bearing base through a guide slide groove, and the axis of the guide slide groove is parallel to the axis of the three-jaw self-centering chuck. At the same time, a motor screw drive mechanism parallel to its axis is arranged in the guide slide groove, and the motor screw drive mechanism is connected to the lower end face of the slider, and the motor screw drive mechanism is also electrically connected to the drive circuit.

7. The anchor bolt dynamic information monitoring experimental device during anchoring process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The transverse driving guide rail and the longitudinal driving mechanism are either one of a lead screw mechanism and a gear rack mechanism or both of them; the driving circuit is a circuit system based on a programmable controller.

8. A monitoring method based on the anchor bolt dynamic information monitoring experimental device during anchoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor bolt dynamic information monitoring method during the anchoring process comprises the following steps: S1, equipment assembly, firstly, according to the diameter of the anchor to be monitored and the anchoring force, the equipment structure and operation parameters of the anchor feed drive mechanism and the positioning fixture group are set respectively, and then the bearing frame, the adjustment bearing platform, the bearing guide rail, the feed drive guide rail, the transverse drive guide rail, the turntable mechanism, the longitudinal drive mechanism, the bearing seat, the slide, the anchor feed drive mechanism, the positioning fixture group and the drive circuit are assembled to obtain the finished monitoring equipment; then, a test block for experimental operation is prepared, and an experimental anchor hole coaxially distributed with the test block is set on the test block, and a bagged anchoring agent is set at the bottom of the anchor hole; S2, anchor assembly, firstly, the test block is clamped and positioned by the three-claw self-centering chucks of the positioning fixture group, and the axis of the anchor hole and the axis of the anchor feeding drive mechanism are distributed in the same plane, then the deflection angle of the positioning fixture group is adjusted by the turntable mechanism, and the coaxiality between the positioning fixture group and the anchor feeding drive mechanism is adjusted, and then the front end face of the anchor to be monitored is connected with the coupling at the front end face of the anchor feeding drive mechanism, and after guiding and constraining through the guide groove of the limit device of the anchor feeding drive mechanism, the rear end face of the anchor is inserted into the port of the anchor hole of the test block, and the anchor assembly is completed; S3, monitoring operation, after completing step S2, first drive the anchor feed drive mechanism to operate, and the drilling rig of the anchor feed drive mechanism provides rotation and feed drive force for the anchor; The data monitoring mechanism is coaxially used to synchronously collect the feed amount, rotation speed, torque, pressure and vibration parameters during the rotation and feeding process of the anchor rod; then, in the process of driving the anchor rod into the anchor hole, the rotational force of the anchor rod is used to break the packaging bag covering the anchor agent, and then the anchor agent fills the gap between the anchor rod and the anchor hole. At this time, the data monitoring mechanism is used to synchronously collect the feed amount, rotation speed, torque, pressure and vibration parameters of the anchor rod, and transmit them to the driving circuit for monitoring data output, thereby completing the need for full monitoring of the anchor rod operation status.

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