Observation device for welding pool in vacuum environment

Abstract

The invention provides an observation device for a welding pool in a vacuum environment, which comprises a pressure-resistant cavity device, a camera shooting mechanism and a mobile platform, the pressure-resistant cavity device is internally provided with an accommodating cavity, the welding pool in the vacuum environment is arranged outside the pressure-resistant cavity device, the accommodating cavity is internally provided with the camera shooting mechanism, and the camera shooting mechanism can shoot an image of the welding pool; and the moving platform is arranged in the containing cavity and connected with the camera shooting mechanism, and the moving platform can drive the camera shooting mechanism to move in the containing cavity so as to adjust the distance between the camera shooting mechanism and a welding pool outside the pressure-resistant cavity device, so that the camera shooting mechanism completes automatic focusing shooting. According to the invention, the problem that a welding pool observation high-speed camera in the prior art cannot automatically focus in a vacuum environment can be solved, so that the observation precision is improved; according to the invention, whether to filter light or not can be automatically switched in a strong light or normal light environment, the cooling and heat dissipation performance is good, and the observation precision and quality of a welding pool are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of welding, and in particular to an observation device for a welding molten pool in a vacuum environment. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of science and technology, welding technology has developed rapidly. Vacuum welding technology is now widely used in industrial production. In traditional welding production, fixed welding procedures are often used. Due to the large equipment and in order to isolate the pollution of gas welds in the atmosphere, welding defects such as weld nodules, spatter, cutting and even surface pores generated during welding are often difficult to detect, and the welding quality cannot be adjusted in time. Usually, when welding defects are discovered, welding has been completed. Without timely feedback and adjustment links, the efficiency of automated welding production will be greatly reduced. The behavior of welding keyholes and molten pools is directly related to the formation of welding defects and welding quality. Therefore, studying the behavior of welding keyholes and molten pools is of great significance to understanding welding mechanisms and controlling welding quality. Only by understanding the flow of the molten pool and the evolution of the keyhole can we better carry out targeted process design and improvement and eliminate welding defects. Otherwise, we can only blindly adjust the welding process parameters. In addition to failing to achieve good welding results, it also seriously wastes materials, consumes man-hours, and greatly increases costs.

[0003] The in-depth understanding of the keyhole and molten pool behavior has always been a research hotspot in fusion welding. When performing welding operations, the use of video acquisition equipment can install a pair of eyes for the welding process in a vacuum environment, which can not only record various conditions during welding, but also make quick adjustments when problems arise. With the development of shooting technology, the research on welding keyholes and molten pools has gone through the development process from surface keyholes and molten pools, keyhole front walls, keyhole internal behaviors, and molten pool flow behaviors. Through high-speed camera images of the molten pool and keyhole, we can obtain keyhole and molten pool size information under different conditions, keyhole dynamic behavior information, and surface molten pool fluctuation and flow information. Combining keyhole and molten pool information with the formation mechanism of defects such as spatter, undercut, porosity, and hump welds can deeply reveal the causes of welding defects and serve as a theoretical basis for welding parameter optimization.

[0004] However, the prior art has at least the following technical problems:

[0005] In order to clearly capture the morphology of the molten pool and keyhole, the high-speed camera needs to be dynamically focused when working. The focal length can be adjusted manually in real time under atmospheric conditions. However, since vacuum welding equipment is in a vacuum environment when working, manual adjustment is limited and it is impossible to adjust the dynamic focal length of the high-speed camera according to real-time conditions. This requires the design of an additional mechanism to drive the high-speed camera to move in a vacuum environment, so as to achieve the function of automatic real-time adjustment of the focal length. However, such a mechanism does not exist at present.

[0006] In addition, in order to achieve accurate vacuum beam discharge and precise welding, vacuum welding equipment generally requires welding vacuum degree to be 10 -3 Pa-10 -5 Pa has extremely strict requirements on the degree of vacuum. Currently, there are few cases in the market where high-speed cameras are placed in vacuum energy rings for use. This is because high-speed cameras tend to generate a lot of heat during operation. In the atmospheric environment, good heat dissipation can be achieved to maintain temperature balance, but in a vacuum environment, the heat dissipation problem cannot be solved.

[0007] In addition, since the intensity of the beam radiation light is extremely high during welding, it is very easy to oversaturate the photosensitive unit on the camera, and then present a white image at the corresponding photosensitive element position, resulting in a large area exposure near the welding radiation light, and the image information near the welding molten pool cannot be identified. The existing technology usually uses a filter on the camera to reduce the amount of light available to the camera and avoid damage to the optical components due to overexposure of the radiation light.

[0008] However, currently, if the camera is placed in a vacuum environment, it is not possible to manually switch the filter for the camera as in an atmospheric environment. If you want to achieve the effect of normal use in a vacuum environment, you need to design an additional mechanism to achieve the function of freely switching between the two scenes of normal light and strong welding light.

[0009] Since the high-speed camera for observing the welding pool in the prior art has technical problems such as failure to achieve automatic focusing in a vacuum environment, the present invention studies and designs an observation device for the welding pool in a vacuum environment. Summary of the invention

[0010] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect that the high-speed camera for observing the welding pool in the prior art cannot achieve automatic focusing in a vacuum environment, thereby providing an observation device for the welding pool in a vacuum environment.

[0011] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an observation device for a welding molten pool in a vacuum environment, comprising:

[0012] A pressure-resistant cavity device, a camera mechanism and a mobile platform, wherein the pressure-resistant cavity device has a containing cavity inside, and a welding pool in a vacuum environment outside the pressure-resistant cavity device, and the camera mechanism is arranged in the containing cavity, and the camera mechanism can take images of the welding pool; the mobile platform is arranged in the containing cavity and connected to the camera mechanism, and the mobile platform can drive the camera mechanism to move in the containing cavity to adjust the distance between the camera mechanism and the welding pool outside the pressure-resistant cavity device, so that the camera mechanism can complete automatic focusing and shooting.

[0013] In some embodiments,

[0014] The mobile platform includes a mounting platform, a motor, a transmission screw, a guide rail and a transmission fitting, wherein the transmission screw is connected to the motor, the guide rail is mounted on the mounting platform, the length extension direction of the guide rail is along the axial direction of the pressure-resistant chamber device, the bottom of the camera mechanism is fixedly connected to the transmission fitting, and the transmission fitting is slidably arranged on the guide rail so as to be able to move along the length direction of the guide rail, thereby driving the camera mechanism to move relatively close to or away from the welding pool.

[0015] In some embodiments,

[0016] The transmission fitting comprises a mounting block and a threaded sleeve, the upper end of the mounting block is threadedly fixed to the camera mechanism, the lower end of the mounting block has a clamping arm and a connecting arm, the clamping arm is clamped to the guide rail so as to be able to slide along the direction of the guide rail, a through groove structure is provided on the mounting platform, the connecting arm passes through the through groove structure to be connected as a whole with the outer periphery of the threaded sleeve, the threaded sleeve has an internal thread, which is sleeved on the transmission screw, the motor is provided at one axial end of the transmission screw to drive the transmission screw to rotate, and then drive the threaded sleeve to drive the mounting block and the camera mechanism to move along the axial direction of the transmission screw.

[0017] In some embodiments,

[0018] The pressure-resistant cavity device is a cylindrical structure, including a cylindrical body, a first flange and a second flange, wherein the first flange is connected to one axial end of the body, and the second flange is connected to the other axial end of the body, the interior of the body is the accommodating cavity, a lens is provided on the first flange, the welding pool is located outside the lens, and the camera mechanism is located inside the lens, so that the lens is located between the welding pool and the camera mechanism, and the camera mechanism can move the welding pool through the lens to focus and take pictures.

[0019] In some embodiments,

[0020] It also includes a filter component and a rotating mechanism, wherein the filter component is arranged in the accommodating cavity and is located on the camera mechanism, and the rotating mechanism is also arranged on the camera mechanism and connected to the filter component. When the welding pool emits strong light, the rotating mechanism can drive the filter component to move to a position between the camera mechanism and the lens to filter the strong light generated by the welding pool. The rotating mechanism can also drive the filter component to move to a position not located between the camera mechanism and the lens when the welding pool emits normal light, and the light intensity of the strong light is greater than that of the normal light.

[0021] In some embodiments,

[0022] The camera mechanism includes a mounting shell, a camera and a lens. The end of the lens away from the lens can be detachably mounted on an end of the camera facing the lens. The lens and the camera are arranged inside the mounting shell. The rotating mechanism can drive the filter assembly to rotate to be located between the lens and the lens or not located between the lens and the lens.

[0023] In some embodiments,

[0024] The filter assembly includes a lens opening and closing cover and a grayscale dimming filter arranged on the lens opening and closing cover, the lens opening and closing cover is provided with a mounting groove for installing the grayscale dimming filter, and the lens opening and closing cover is connected to the rotating mechanism so that it can be driven by the rotating mechanism to rotate between the camera mechanism and the lens when the welding pool emits strong light, so that the strong light is filtered by the grayscale dimming filter.

[0025] In some embodiments,

[0026] The rotating mechanism includes a pneumatic push rod, a first mounting seat and a second mounting seat, the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat are installed on the mounting shell at intervals, the first mounting seat is provided with a first through hole extending from one end to the other end, and the second mounting seat is provided with a second through hole extending from one end to the other end, and the pneumatic push rod passes through the first through hole and the second through hole in sequence and then is connected to the filter assembly to drive the filter assembly to rotate.

[0027] In some embodiments,

[0028] The pneumatic push rod comprises a fixed portion and a movable portion arranged in the fixed portion, the second through hole is provided with an internal thread, a partial section of the fixed portion is provided with an external thread, the fixed portion passes through the first through hole and then extends into the second through hole and forms a threaded connection with the second through hole, and the movable portion extends out of the second through hole and is connected to the filter assembly;

[0029] A connecting piece is fixed to the end of the movable part extending out of the second through hole, and a matching part matching with the connecting piece is provided on the filter assembly;

[0030] The mating part includes a mating body and an intermediate connecting part, the filter assembly is fixedly connected to the mating body via the intermediate connecting part, the intermediate connecting part is movably connected to the second mounting seat, a movable long groove is provided on the mating body, and a movable connection is formed between the mating body and the connecting piece via a pin shaft provided in the movable long groove.

[0031] In some embodiments,

[0032] It also includes a camera cooling mechanism, which includes a cooling shell, a cavity that can accommodate cooling water is formed inside the cooling shell, and the cooling shell is detachably mounted on the inner wall of the pressure-resistant cavity device. The cooling shell has multiple cooling shells, and the multiple cooling shells are arranged at intervals or continuously along the circumference of the pressure-resistant cavity device. The cooling shell is provided with a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet to connect to an external water source.

[0033] The present invention provides a device for observing a welding pool in a vacuum environment, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] 1. The present invention isolates the vacuum environment through the pressure-resistant cavity device by arranging a camera mechanism and a mobile platform inside the pressure-resistant cavity device, and provides an atmospheric pressure environment for the internal mobile platform and the high-speed camera mechanism. The mobile platform is connected to the camera mechanism and can drive the camera mechanism to move in the solute cavity, so that the distance between the camera mechanism and the welding pool outside the pressure-resistant cavity device can be effectively adjusted during the process of shooting the welding pool, so that the camera mechanism can complete automatic focusing shooting, effectively solving the problem that the high-speed camera for observing the welding pool in the prior art cannot achieve automatic focusing in a vacuum environment, thereby improving the accuracy of observation.

[0035] 2. The present invention also provides a filter assembly and a rotating mechanism. The rotating mechanism can drive the filter assembly to move to a position between the camera mechanism and the lens when the welding pool emits strong light, so as to filter the strong light generated by the welding pool. The rotating mechanism can also drive the filter assembly to move to a position not between the camera mechanism and the lens when the welding pool emits normal light. The light intensity of the strong light is greater than that of the normal light. The filter assembly filters the strong radiation light of welding to achieve the normal imaging level of the high-speed camera. Under the strong radiation light state of welding, the filter assembly can be driven to rotate by the rotating mechanism to place the filter assembly in front of the camera mechanism, so as to filter the strong light and observe the clear molten pool, avoid the exposure phenomenon of the area near the welding beam caused by the oversaturation of the photosensitive element of the camera and even damage to the photosensitive element. At the same time, the picture quality of the welding pool observation image is improved; the filter assembly can be removed by the rotating mechanism under normal light conditions, that is, the filter assembly does not need to be placed in front of the camera mechanism under normal light conditions; the accuracy and quality of the vacuum welding pool observation can be further improved.

[0036] 3. The present invention further provides a camera cooling mechanism, which is located on the inner wall of the pressure-resistant cavity device. The circulating cooling water inside the camera cooling mechanism can take away the heat generated by the camera mechanism, thereby improving the heat dissipation performance and ensuring the normal operation of the camera mechanism within an acceptable temperature range. The vacuum welding molten pool observation device of the present invention has a compact overall structure, is easy to be installed in the vacuum environment inside the welding equipment, is easy to dissipate heat, reduces the impact on the high-speed camera, ensures the observation quality of the welding molten pool, and has good practicality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0038] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance of a vacuum environment welding molten pool observation device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 It is an overall internal schematic diagram of a vacuum environment welding molten pool observation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a vacuum environment welding molten pool observation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention (without an outer shell body).

[0041] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the vacuum environment welding pool observation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention (without the outer shell body, showing other structural components, and the filter component is opened).

[0042] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the vacuum environment welding pool observation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention (without the outer shell body, showing other structural components, and the filter component is closed).

[0043] Figure 6 It is a schematic cross-sectional internal diagram of a vacuum environment welding molten pool observation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the working installation of a vacuum environment welding molten pool observation device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0046] 1. pressure-resistant cavity device; 11. accommodating cavity; 12. flange; 121. first flange; 122. second flange; 13. lens;

[0047] 2. Camera mechanism; 21. Mounting case; 22. Lens; 23. Camera;

[0048] 3. Filter assembly; 31. Lens opening and closing cover; 32. Grayscale neutral density filter;

[0049] 4. Camera cooling mechanism; 41. Cooling housing; 411. First cooling housing; 412. Second cooling housing; 413. Third cooling housing; 42. Cooling water inlet; 43. Cooling water outlet;

[0050] 5. Rotating mechanism; 51. Pneumatic push rod; 511. Fixed part; 512. Movable part; 52. First mounting seat; 521. First through hole; 53. Second mounting seat; 531. Second through hole; 54. Connecting piece;

[0051] 6. Mobile platform; 61. Motor; 62. Mounting platform; 63. Guide rail; 64. Transmission screw; 65. Transmission matching part; 651. Mounting block; 652. Threaded sleeve; 653. Clamping arm; 654. Connecting arm;

[0052] 7. Matching part; 71. Matching body; 72. Middle connecting part; 73. Movable groove; 74. Pin shaft;

[0053] 8. Camera data cable connector; 9. Water cooling pipe; 10. Motor power cable; 110. Motor control cable; 120. Camera power cable; 14. Air pipe; 15. Solenoid valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0056] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps described in these embodiments, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, method and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant field may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, method and equipment should be regarded as a part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0057] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0058] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0059] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0060] like Figure 1-7As shown, the present invention provides an observation device for a welding molten pool in a vacuum environment, which comprises:

[0061] A pressure-resistant cavity device 1, a camera mechanism 2 and a mobile platform 6, wherein the pressure-resistant cavity device 1 has a containing cavity 11 inside, and the pressure-resistant cavity device 1 has a welding pool in a vacuum environment outside, and the camera mechanism 2 is arranged in the containing cavity 11, and the camera mechanism 2 can capture images of the welding pool; the mobile platform 6 is arranged in the containing cavity 11 and connected to the camera mechanism 2, and the mobile platform 6 can drive the camera mechanism 2 to move in the containing cavity 11 to adjust the distance between the camera mechanism 2 and the welding pool outside the pressure-resistant cavity device 1, so that the camera mechanism 2 completes automatic focusing and shooting.

[0062] The present invention isolates the vacuum environment through the pressure-resistant cavity device by arranging a camera mechanism and a mobile platform inside the pressure-resistant cavity device, and provides an atmospheric pressure environment for the internal mobile platform and the high-speed camera mechanism. The mobile platform is connected to the camera mechanism and can drive the camera mechanism to move in the solute cavity, so that the distance between the camera mechanism and the welding pool outside the pressure-resistant cavity device can be effectively adjusted during the process of shooting the welding pool, so that the camera mechanism can complete automatic focusing shooting, effectively solving the problem that the high-speed camera for observing the welding pool in the prior art cannot achieve automatic focusing in a vacuum environment, thereby improving the accuracy of observation.

[0063] The present invention provides an observation device for a welding molten pool under a vacuum environment, which is specifically applicable to vacuum electron beam, vacuum laser, vacuum plasma and vacuum composite welding technology, etc., and relates to the field of welding technology to solve the technical problem that the welding observation camera in the prior art cannot directly observe the welding molten pool under a vacuum state. The observation device includes a pressure-resistant cavity device, a high-speed camera mechanism, a filter component, a rotating mechanism, a mobile platform and a camera cooling mechanism. The pressure-resistant cavity is used to isolate the welding vacuum environment, provide an atmospheric pressure environment for the high-speed camera mechanism, and provide an installation platform for installing the high-speed camera mechanism; the high-speed camera mechanism is used to obtain a high-speed observation image of the welding molten pool through the filter component; the filter component is used to filter out the welding strong light of a specified wavelength in the observation image of the welding molten pool; the rotating mechanism is installed on the high-speed camera mechanism and connected to the filter component to place the filter component in front of the camera mechanism; the mobile platform is installed in the pressure-resistant cavity and connected to the high-speed camera mechanism, and is used to adjust the distance between the camera mechanism and the welding molten pool to focus clearly; the camera cooling device is installed on the pressure-resistant cavity, and the heat generated by the high-speed camera device is taken away by the circulating cooling water inside the camera cooling device.

[0064] The observation device for welding molten pool in vacuum environment provided by the present invention can realize dynamic focusing of the observed molten pool before and during welding by driving a high-speed camera mechanism through a mobile platform. The strong radiation light of welding is filtered by a filter component to achieve the normal imaging degree of the high-speed camera. Under the state of strong radiation light of welding, the filter component can be driven to rotate by a rotating mechanism to place the filter component in front of the camera mechanism, so as to filter the strong light to observe the clear molten pool, avoid the exposure phenomenon of the area near the welding beam caused by the oversaturation of the photosensitive element of the camera and even damage the photosensitive element, and at the same time, improve the picture quality of the welding molten pool observation image; the filter component can be removed by a rotating mechanism under normal light environment, that is, the filter component does not need to be placed in front of the camera mechanism under normal light environment. The vacuum environment is isolated by a pressure-resistant cavity device, and an atmospheric pressure environment is provided for the internal mobile platform and the high-speed camera mechanism, and the circulating cooling water inside the camera cooling mechanism can take away the heat generated by the camera mechanism, ensuring the normal operation of the camera mechanism within an acceptable temperature range. The molten pool observation device in the present invention has a compact overall structure, is easy to install in the vacuum environment inside the welding equipment, is easy to dissipate heat, reduces the impact on the high-speed camera, ensures the observation quality of the welding molten pool, and has good practicality.

[0065] In some embodiments,

[0066] The mobile platform 6 includes a mounting platform 62, a motor 61, a transmission screw 64, a guide rail 63 and a transmission fitting 65. The transmission screw 64 is connected to the motor 61. The guide rail 63 is mounted on the mounting platform 62. The length extension direction of the guide rail 63 is along the axial direction of the pressure-resistant chamber device 1. The bottom of the camera mechanism 2 is fixedly connected to the transmission fitting 65. The transmission fitting 65 is slidably arranged on the guide rail 63 so as to be able to move along the length direction of the guide rail 63 to drive the camera mechanism 2 to move relatively close to or away from the welding pool. The motor 61 is preferably mounted at the lower part of the mounting platform 62 and close to the side of the second flange 122 and is reliably connected by bolts. The transmission screw 64 is connected to the motor 61 and is reliably connected by a connecting piece. The guide rail 63 is preferably mounted at the upper part of the mounting platform 62.

[0067] This is the preferred structural form of the mobile platform invented. Through the structural form of the transmission screw, guide rail and transmission matching parts, the camera mechanism is clamped on the guide rail through the transmission matching parts and can move along the guide rail, and the transmission screw can drive the transmission matching parts and then drive the camera mechanism to move, thereby realizing automatic focus shooting of the welding pool during the working process.

[0068] In some embodiments,

[0069] The transmission fitting 65 includes a mounting block 651 and a threaded sleeve 652. The upper end of the mounting block 651 is threadedly fixed to the camera mechanism 2. The lower end of the mounting block 651 has a clamping arm 653 and a connecting arm 654. The clamping arm 653 is clamped to the guide rail 63 so as to be able to slide along the direction of the guide rail 63. A through groove structure is provided on the mounting platform 62. The connecting arm 654 passes through the through groove structure to be connected to the outer periphery of the threaded sleeve 652 as a whole. The threaded sleeve 652 has an internal thread and is sleeved on the transmission screw 64. The motor 61 is provided at one axial end of the transmission screw 64 to drive the transmission screw 64 to rotate, thereby driving the threaded sleeve 652 to drive the mounting block 651 and the camera mechanism 2 to move along the axial direction of the transmission screw 64.

[0070] The transmission fitting of the present invention further preferably includes a structure of a mounting block and a threaded sleeve, so that the mounting block is used to install the camera mechanism, the threaded sleeve is threaded on the screw rod, and the mounting block and the threaded sleeve are fixed as a whole, so that when the screw rod is driven to rotate, it can effectively drive the threaded sleeve and the mounting block to reciprocate as a whole, thereby driving the camera mechanism to reciprocate, and the mounting block includes a clamping arm and a connecting arm, the clamping arm is used to clamp with the guide rail to ensure the movement guidance and limitation of the camera mechanism, and the connecting arm is used to pass through the bottom plate of the mounting platform and connect with the threaded sleeve, so as to ensure that the mounting block is driven by the threaded sleeve to reciprocate as a whole, thereby driving the camera mechanism to reciprocate to realize automatic focus shooting of the welding pool during work.

[0071] The guide rail 63 of the present invention is preferably installed on the upper part of the mounting platform 62 on the same side as the high-speed camera mechanism 2. The guide rail 63 is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the center line of the mounting platform 62. The center line of the mounting platform 62 is preferably parallel to the axis of the accommodating cavity 11. A groove with the same shape as the cross-section of the guide rail 63 is provided at the lower part of the mounting shell 21 close to the mounting platform 62. The mounting shell 21 and the guide rail 63 are reliably connected through the transmission fitting 65.

[0072] The transmission fitting 65 of the present invention is responsible for connecting the transmission screw 64 and the mounting shell 21. A long slot through hole (through slot structure) is opened at the midline position of the mounting platform 62. The transmission fitting 65 passes through the long slot through hole to connect the transmission screw 64 and the mounting shell 21. An internal thread is arranged at one end of the transmission fitting 65 close to the transmission screw 64 and forms a threaded connection with the external thread of the transmission screw 64. A threaded hole is arranged at one end of the transmission fitting 65 close to the mounting shell 21 and forms a reliable connection with the through hole arranged on the mounting shell 21 through bolts.

[0073] In some embodiments,

[0074] The pressure-resistant cavity device 1 is a cylindrical structure, including a cylindrical body, a first flange 121 and a second flange 122, wherein the first flange 121 is connected to one axial end of the body, and the second flange 122 is connected to the other axial end of the body, the interior of the body is the accommodating cavity 11, a lens 13 is provided on the first flange 121, the welding pool is located outside the lens 13, and the camera mechanism 2 is located inside the lens 13, so that the lens 13 is located between the welding pool and the camera mechanism 2, and the camera mechanism 2 can move the welding pool through the lens 13 to focus and take pictures.

[0075] This is a further structural form of the pressure-resistant cavity device of the present invention. The two ends of the cylinder body are supported by two flanges, and an internal accommodating cavity is formed to be isolated from the external vacuum environment, thereby ensuring that the camera mechanism can work normally. A lens is arranged on the flange, which can not only shoot the vacuum welding molten pool through the lens, but also protect the internal camera mechanism, isolate the internal and external spaces, and ensure that the camera mechanism can observe normally and reliably.

[0076] In the present invention, the pressure-resistant cavity device 1 comprises a containing cavity 11 (preferably a cylindrical cavity), a flange 12, and a lens 13 preferably made of glass material disposed on the flange, and the flange 12 and the cylindrical cavity are detachably connected by bolts. Specifically, the flange is divided into a first flange 121 and a second flange 122, the first flange 121 is mounted on the end of the cylindrical cavity close to one side of the filter assembly 3, and the second flange is mounted on the other end of the cylindrical cavity. A circular embedding portion is disposed on the first flange 121, and the circular embedding portion can embed the lens 13, and the lens 13 is reliably connected to the first flange 121 by bolts.

[0077] In the present invention, the mounting platform 62 is preferably provided with an embedding portion, and the first flange 121 and the second flange 122 are provided with embedding grooves, and the embedding portion of the mounting platform 62 can be embedded in the embedding groove to form a reliable connection.

[0078] In some embodiments,

[0079] It also includes a filter component 3 and a rotating mechanism 5. The filter component 3 is arranged in the accommodating cavity 11 and is located on the camera mechanism 2. The rotating mechanism 5 is also arranged on the camera mechanism 2 and connected to the filter component 3. The rotating mechanism 5 can drive the filter component 3 to move to a position between the camera mechanism 2 and the lens 13 when the welding pool emits strong light, so as to filter the strong light generated by the welding pool. The rotating mechanism 5 can also drive the filter component 3 to move to a position not located between the camera mechanism 2 and the lens 13 when the welding pool emits normal light. The light intensity of the strong light is greater than that of the normal light.

[0080] The present invention also provides a filter assembly and a rotating mechanism. The rotating mechanism can drive the filter assembly to move to a position between the camera mechanism and the lens when the welding pool emits strong light, so as to filter the strong light generated by the welding pool. The rotating mechanism can also drive the filter assembly to move to a position not between the camera mechanism and the lens when the welding pool emits normal light. The light intensity of the strong light is greater than that of the normal light. The filter assembly filters the strong radiation light of welding to achieve the normal imaging level of the high-speed camera. Under the strong radiation light state of welding, the filter assembly can be driven to rotate by the rotating mechanism to place the filter assembly in front of the camera mechanism, so as to filter the strong light to observe the clear molten pool, avoid the exposure phenomenon of the area near the welding beam caused by the oversaturation of the photosensitive element of the camera and even damage to the photosensitive element, and at the same time, improve the picture quality of the welding pool observation image; the filter assembly can be removed by the rotating mechanism under normal light conditions, that is, the filter assembly does not need to be placed in front of the camera mechanism under normal light conditions; the accuracy and quality of the vacuum welding pool observation can be further improved.

[0081] Background technology Since the intensity of radiation light during welding is extremely high, it is very easy to oversaturate the photosensitive unit on the camera, and then present a white image at the corresponding photosensitive element position, resulting in a large area of ​​exposure near the welding radiation light, and the image information near the welding molten pool cannot be identified. The prior art usually uses a filter on the camera to reduce the amount of light available to the camera and avoid damage to the optical components caused by overexposure of radiation light. At present, general cameras cannot switch freely between the two scenes of normal light state and welding strong light. In order to clearly observe the changes in the molten pool, general cameras need to be equipped with special optical lenses to meet the observation requirements. This requires the camera to have the function of freely switching lenses in the two scenes of normal and welding. In addition, in order to clearly capture the morphology of the molten pool, the high-speed camera needs to focus when working, and the focal length can be adjusted in time in the atmospheric environment, but the focal length cannot be adjusted in time according to the real-time situation in the vacuum environment when the welding equipment is working. The existing high-speed camera itself cannot achieve dynamic focusing, which requires the high-speed camera equipment to have the function of automatically adjusting the focal length in a vacuum environment.

[0082] Based on this, see Figure 1 to Figure 7The present invention provides an observation device for a welding molten pool, which can switch between two scenes: normal light state and welding strong light state. The observation device includes a pressure-resistant cavity device 1, a camera mechanism 2, a filter component 3, a camera cooling mechanism 4, a rotating mechanism 5 and a mobile platform 6, wherein the pressure-resistant cavity device 1 is used to isolate the vacuum environment, provide an atmospheric pressure environment for the high-speed camera mechanism, and provide an installation platform for installing the high-speed camera mechanism. The camera mechanism 2 is used to obtain the observation image of the welding molten pool through the filter component 3, and the camera data line connector 8 is connected to the camera mechanism 2. The filter component 3 is used to filter out the welding arc light of a specified wavelength in the observation image of the welding molten pool; the rotating mechanism 5 is installed on the camera mechanism 2 and connected to the filter component 3, and is used to drive the filter component 3 to rotate by rotation, so as to place the filter component 3 in front of the camera mechanism 2; the camera cooling mechanism 4 is arranged on the pressure-resistant cavity device 1, and the heat generated by the camera mechanism 2 is taken away by the circulating airflow inside the camera cooling mechanism 4.

[0083] The welding pool is a liquid metal part with a certain shape formed on the weldment under the action of the beam during melting welding; the strong welding radiation is the metal vapor ejection phenomenon generated after the beam contacts the metal part; since the spectral distribution of welding radiation is extremely wide and the radiation light intensity is extremely high, the filter component 3 reduces the light intensity in the observed image by absorbing the welding radiation light of a specified wavelength.

[0084] In some embodiments,

[0085] The camera mechanism 2 includes a mounting shell 21, a camera 23 and a lens 22. The end of the lens 22 away from the lens 13 can be detachably mounted on the end of the camera 23 facing the lens 13. The lens 22 and the camera 23 are arranged inside the mounting shell 21. The rotating mechanism 5 can drive the filter assembly 3 to rotate to be located between the lens 22 and the lens 13 or not between the lens 22 and the lens 13.

[0086] This is a further preferred structural form of the camera mechanism of the present invention, that is, the mounting shell is fixed to the transmission fitting at the bottom to make reciprocating motion on the guide rail, and the camera and lens inside the mounting shell are opposite to the lens, so as to realize the shooting of the external vacuum welding molten pool through the lens. When the rotating mechanism drives the filter component to move between the lens and the lens, the filter component can filter out the strong light in the strong light welding process, ensuring that the camera can form images normally, and avoiding the exposure phenomenon of the area near the welding beam caused by oversaturation of the camera's photosensitive element or even damage to the photosensitive element, thereby improving the picture quality of the welding molten pool observation image.

[0087] The camera mechanism 2 in the present invention preferably includes a mounting shell 21, a lens 22 (preferably a telephoto lens) and a camera 23 (preferably an industrial high-speed camera). The end of the telephoto lens away from the lens is detachably mounted on the industrial camera. The front of the industrial camera is connected to the telephoto lens by a knob buckle. The industrial high-speed camera is installed inside the mounting shell 21 by bolt connection. The telephoto lens is located at the front end of the industrial high-speed camera. The telephoto lens focuses on the molten pool to facilitate camera lighting and imaging. The rotating mechanism 5 can drive the filter assembly 3 to rotate to a position to close or open the end opening of the telephoto lens away from the industrial high-speed camera.

[0088] In some embodiments,

[0089] The filter assembly 3 includes a lens opening and closing cover 31 and a grayscale dimming filter 32 arranged on the lens opening and closing cover 31. The lens opening and closing cover 31 is provided with a mounting groove for mounting the grayscale dimming filter 32. The lens opening and closing cover 31 is connected to the rotating mechanism 5 so that it can be driven by the rotating mechanism 5 to rotate between the camera mechanism 2 and the lens 13 when the welding pool emits strong light, so that the strong light is filtered by the grayscale dimming filter 32.

[0090] This is the preferred structural form of the filter assembly of the present invention, which can filter strong light through the grayscale neutral density filter. The lens opening and closing cover is used to set the grayscale neutral density filter and is driven by the rotating mechanism to rotate, so as to block the lens in strong light and filter the strong light, and not block the lens in normal light and achieve the effect of normal shooting.

[0091] The preferred filter assembly 3 of the present invention includes a lens opening and closing cover 31 and a grayscale dimming filter 32 arranged on the lens opening and closing cover 31. The grayscale dimming filter 32 filters the strong radiation of welding to achieve a degree that the camera can form images normally.

[0092] This embodiment further preferably adopts a grayscale neutral density filter 32 filtering system with an attenuation of 50% to effectively filter the strong radiation light generated by vacuum environment welding methods such as electron beams, and assist the camera in lighting and imaging.

[0093] The lens opening and closing cover 31 of the present invention is preferably provided with a mounting groove for mounting the grayscale dimming filter 32 , and the lens opening and closing cover 31 is connected to the rotating mechanism 5 .

[0094] In some embodiments,

[0095] The rotating mechanism 5 includes a pneumatic push rod 51, a first mounting seat 52 and a second mounting seat 53. The first mounting seat 52 and the second mounting seat 53 are installed on the mounting shell 21 at intervals. The first mounting seat 52 is provided with a first through hole extending from one end to the other end, and the second mounting seat 53 is provided with a second through hole extending from one end to the other end. The pneumatic push rod 51 passes through the first through hole and the second through hole in sequence and is connected to the filter assembly 3 to drive the filter assembly 3 to rotate.

[0096] The rotating mechanism of the present invention preferably includes two mounting seats and a pneumatic push rod. The two mounting seats are used to fix one end of the pneumatic push rod. After the pneumatic push rod passes through the through holes of the two mounting seats, it can drive the filter assembly to rotate, thereby blocking the lens in strong light and filtering the strong light, and not blocking the lens in normal light and achieving the effect of normal shooting.

[0097] The mounting seat in this embodiment preferably includes a first mounting seat 52 and a second mounting seat 53, and the first mounting seat 52 and the second mounting seat 53 are mounted on the mounting shell 21. The mounting portion includes a first through hole 521 opened on the first mounting seat 52 to allow the pneumatic push rod 51 to pass through, and a second through hole 531 opened on the second mounting seat 53 to allow the pneumatic push rod 51 to pass through. The pneumatic push rod 51 can pass through the first through hole 521 to extend into the second through hole 531 and can pass through the second through hole 531 to connect with the filter assembly 3.

[0098] In some embodiments,

[0099] The pneumatic push rod 51 includes a fixed portion 511 and a movable portion 512 disposed in the fixed portion 511, the second through hole is provided with an internal thread, a portion of the fixed portion 511 is provided with an external thread, the fixed portion 511 passes through the first through hole and then extends into the second through hole and forms a threaded connection with the second through hole, the movable portion 512 extends out of the second through hole and is connected to the filter assembly 3;

[0100] The end of the movable portion 512 extending out of the second through hole is fixed with a connecting piece 54, and the filter assembly 3 is provided with a matching portion 7 matching with the connecting piece 54;

[0101] The mating portion 7 includes a mating body 71 and an intermediate connecting portion 72. The filter assembly 3 is fixedly connected to the mating body via the intermediate connecting portion 72. The intermediate connecting portion 72 is movably connected to the second mounting seat 53. A movable groove 73 (preferably a movable long groove) is provided on the mating body 71. A movable connection is formed between the mating body 71 and the connecting member 54 via a pin shaft 74 provided in the movable groove 73.

[0102] This is a further preferred structural form of the pneumatic push rod of the present invention, in which one end of the movable part can be fixed by the fixing part, and the movable part cooperates with the matching part on the filter assembly through the connecting piece after passing through the fixing part. It is further preferred that the connecting piece is connected to the matching body through the pin shaft on the movable groove on the matching body (including pivoting and hinged, etc.), thereby driving the matching body to rotate, and then driving the filter assembly to rotate, so as to achieve the effect of blocking the lens in strong light and filtering strong light, and not blocking the lens in normal light and achieving normal shooting.

[0103] The present invention preferably passes gas to the pneumatic push rod 51 through the air pipe 14 and the electromagnetic valve 15. The opening and closing of the lens opening and closing cover 31 is controlled by the electromagnetic valve 15. The closed lens in the strong light environment of welding (referring to placing the filter component in front of the camera mechanism 2) can filter the strong light to observe the molten pool; the open lens in the normal light environment (referring to not placing the filter component in front of the camera mechanism 2) can observe the molten pool. The airflow circulation of the camera cooling mechanism 4 is provided by another air source to ensure that the camera works normally within the acceptable temperature range. The video signal is output through the camera data line connector 8.

[0104] In some embodiments,

[0105] It also includes a camera cooling mechanism 4, which includes a cooling shell 41, a cavity capable of accommodating cooling water is formed inside the cooling shell 41, and the cooling shell 41 is detachably mounted on the inner wall of the pressure-resistant cavity device 1. There are multiple cooling shells 41, and the multiple cooling shells 41 are arranged at intervals or continuously along the circumference of the pressure-resistant cavity device 1. The cooling shell 41 is provided with a cooling water inlet 42 and a cooling water outlet 43 to connect to an external water source. Preferably, the cooling shell 41 is detachably mounted on the inner wall of the cylindrical cavity by bolts.

[0106] The present invention further provides a camera cooling mechanism, which is located on the inner wall of the pressure-resistant cavity device. The circulating cooling water inside the camera cooling mechanism can take away the heat generated by the camera mechanism, thereby improving the heat dissipation performance and ensuring the normal operation of the camera mechanism within an acceptable temperature range. The vacuum welding molten pool observation device of the present invention has a compact overall structure, is easy to be installed in the vacuum environment inside the welding equipment, is easy to dissipate heat, reduces the impact on the high-speed camera, ensures the observation quality of the welding molten pool, and has good practicality.

[0107] The cooling shell 41 of the present invention is preferably divided into a first cooling shell 411, a second cooling shell 412 and a third cooling shell 413. The first cooling shell 411 is installed at the uppermost part of the cylindrical cavity, and the second cooling shell 412 and the third cooling shell 413 are installed on both sides of the first cooling shell 411 at 100° symmetry. A cooling water inlet 42 and a cooling water outlet 43 are provided on the cooling shell 41, and quick-plug connectors are connected to the cooling water inlet 42 and the cooling water outlet 43. The circulating cooling water inside the camera cooling mechanism 4 can take away the heat generated by the camera mechanism 2, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the camera mechanism 2 within an acceptable temperature range.

[0108] The working process of the observation device for the welding pool provided by the present invention is specifically as follows:

[0109] ① Fix the observation device provided by the present invention into the vacuum welding machine, with the camera at a straight-line distance of 300 to 500 mm from the welding point, and ensure that the lens is facing the welding point.

[0110] ② Connect the camera data cable connector 8 to an external device to display the status of the molten pool in both welding and non-welding environments, and to check the welding quality and realize molten pool detection.

[0111] ③ By adjusting the focal length of the lens through the mobile platform 6, the position of the workpiece to be welded can be clearly observed, which is the position of the molten pool during welding, so that the state of the molten pool can be better observed and welding defects such as spatter and weld nodules can be recorded.

[0112] ④ The water source of the camera cooling mechanism 4 is turned on to cool down the molten pool observation camera mechanism 2 in the welding environment.

[0113] ⑤ Control the solenoid valve 15 to connect the air path, so that the pneumatic push rod 51 extends to push the filter component 3 to close, filter the strong light during welding, connect the control port of the solenoid valve 15 to the welding control cabinet, control the solenoid valve 15 through the IO communication port of the welding equipment, and combine the opening and closing actions with the welding process to realize automatic control.

[0114] ⑥ Start welding and observe the changes in the molten pool.

[0115] ⑦ After welding is completed, disconnect the solenoid valve 15, open the filter assembly 3, and observe the molten pool after welding is completed.

[0116] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, several improvements and variations can be made, and any combination between the embodiments shall be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An observation device for a welding pool in a vacuum environment, characterized in that: include: A pressure-resistant cavity device (1), a camera mechanism (2) and a mobile platform (6), wherein the pressure-resistant cavity device (1) has a containing cavity (11) inside, and the pressure-resistant cavity device (1) has a welding pool in a vacuum environment outside, and the camera mechanism (2) is arranged in the containing cavity (11), and the camera mechanism (2) can take images of the welding pool; the mobile platform (6) is arranged in the containing cavity (11) and connected to the camera mechanism (2), and the mobile platform (6) can drive the camera mechanism (2) to move in the containing cavity (11) to adjust the distance between the camera mechanism (2) and the welding pool outside the pressure-resistant cavity device (1), so that the camera mechanism (2) can complete automatic focusing and shooting.

2. The observation device for welding molten pool under vacuum environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mobile platform (6) comprises a mounting platform (62), a motor (61), a transmission screw (64), a guide rail (63) and a transmission fitting (65); the transmission screw (64) is connected to the motor (61); the guide rail (63) is mounted on the mounting platform (62); the length extension direction of the guide rail (63) is along the axial direction of the pressure-resistant chamber device (1); the bottom of the camera mechanism (2) is fixedly connected to the transmission fitting (65); the transmission fitting (65) is slidably arranged on the guide rail (63) so as to be able to move along the length direction of the guide rail (63) to drive the camera mechanism (2) to move relatively close to or away from the welding molten pool.

3. The observation device for welding molten pool under vacuum environment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission fitting (65) comprises a mounting block (651) and a threaded sleeve (652). The upper end of the mounting block (651) is threadedly fixed to the camera mechanism (2). The lower end of the mounting block (651) has a clamping arm (653) and a connecting arm (654). The clamping arm (653) is clamped on the guide rail (63) so as to be able to slide along the direction of the guide rail (63). The mounting platform (62) is provided with a through groove structure. The connecting arm (654) is threadedly fixed to the camera mechanism (2). The through groove structure is connected to the outer periphery of the threaded sleeve (652) as a whole. The threaded sleeve (652) has an internal thread and is sleeved on the transmission screw (64). The motor (61) is arranged at one axial end of the transmission screw (64) to drive the transmission screw (64) to rotate, thereby driving the threaded sleeve (652) to drive the mounting block (651) and the camera mechanism (2) to move along the axial direction of the transmission screw (64).

4. The observation device for welding molten pool under vacuum environment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The pressure-resistant cavity device (1) is a cylindrical structure, comprising a cylindrical body, a first flange (121) and a second flange (122), wherein the first flange (121) is connected to one axial end of the body, and the second flange (122) is connected to the other axial end of the body, the interior of the body is the accommodating cavity (11), a lens (13) is arranged on the first flange (121), the welding pool is located outside the lens (13), and the camera mechanism (2) is located inside the lens (13), so that the lens (13) is located between the welding pool and the camera mechanism (2), and the camera mechanism (2) can move the welding pool through the lens (13) to focus and take pictures.

5. The observation device for welding molten pool in vacuum environment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a filter assembly (3) and a rotating mechanism (5), wherein the filter assembly (3) is arranged in the accommodating cavity (11) and is located on the camera mechanism (2), and the rotating mechanism (5) is also arranged on the camera mechanism (2) and is connected to the filter assembly (3). When the welding molten pool emits strong light, the rotating mechanism (5) can drive the filter assembly (3) to move to a position between the camera mechanism (2) and the lens (13) to filter the strong light generated by the welding molten pool. When the welding molten pool emits normal light, the rotating mechanism (5) can also drive the filter assembly (3) to move to a position not located between the camera mechanism (2) and the lens (13), and the light intensity of the strong light is greater than that of the normal light.

6. The observation device for welding molten pool in vacuum environment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The camera mechanism (2) comprises a mounting shell (21), a camera (23) and a lens (22); an end of the lens (22) away from the lens (13) is detachably mounted on an end of the camera (23) facing the lens (13); the lens (22) and the camera (23) are arranged inside the mounting shell (21); and the rotating mechanism (5) can drive the filter assembly (3) to rotate to be located between the lens (22) and the lens (13) or not located between the lens (22) and the lens (13).

7. The observation device for welding molten pool in vacuum environment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The filter assembly (3) comprises a lens opening and closing cover (31) and a grayscale dimming filter (32) arranged on the lens opening and closing cover (31); the lens opening and closing cover (31) is provided with a mounting groove for mounting the grayscale dimming filter (32); the lens opening and closing cover (31) is connected to the rotating mechanism (5) so that when the welding molten pool emits strong light, the lens opening and closing cover (31) can be driven by the rotating mechanism (5) to rotate between the camera mechanism (2) and the lens (13), so that the strong light is filtered by the grayscale dimming filter (32).

8. The observation device for welding molten pool in vacuum environment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism (5) comprises a pneumatic push rod (51), a first mounting seat (52) and a second mounting seat (53); the first mounting seat (52) and the second mounting seat (53) are installed on the mounting shell (21) at intervals; a first through hole is provided on the first mounting seat (52) from one end to the other end thereof, and a second through hole is provided on the second mounting seat (53) from one end to the other end thereof; the pneumatic push rod (51) passes through the first through hole and the second through hole in sequence and is connected to the filter assembly (3) so as to drive the filter assembly (3) to rotate.

9. The observation device for welding molten pool in vacuum environment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pneumatic push rod (51) comprises a fixed portion (511) and a movable portion (512) arranged in the fixed portion (511); the second through hole is provided with an internal thread; a partial section of the fixed portion (511) is provided with an external thread; the fixed portion (511) passes through the first through hole and then extends into the second through hole and forms a threaded connection with the second through hole; the movable portion (512) extends out of the second through hole and is connected to the filter assembly (3); A connecting piece (54) is fixed to the end of the movable part (512) extending out of the second through hole, and a matching part (7) matching with the connecting piece (54) is provided on the filter assembly (3); The matching portion (7) comprises a matching body (71) and an intermediate connecting portion (72); the filter assembly (3) is fixedly connected to the matching body via the intermediate connecting portion (72); the intermediate connecting portion (72) is movably connected to the second mounting seat (53); a movable groove (73) is provided on the matching body (71); a movable connection is formed between the matching body (71) and the connecting member (54) via a pin shaft (74) provided in the movable groove (73).

10. The observation device for welding molten pool in vacuum environment according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: It also includes a camera cooling mechanism (4), which includes a cooling shell (41), a cavity capable of accommodating cooling water is formed inside the cooling shell (41), and the cooling shell (41) is detachably mounted on the inner wall of the pressure-resistant cavity device (1). The cooling shell (41) has a plurality of cooling shells (41), and the plurality of cooling shells (41) are arranged at intervals or continuously along the circumference of the pressure-resistant cavity device (1). The cooling shell (41) is provided with a cooling water inlet (42) and a cooling water outlet (43) to connect to an external water source.

Images