199 results about "Weld pool" patented technology

The invention provides an intelligent real-time detection method and system for PCCP welding quality, and relates to the technical field of online detection and intelligent evaluation of pipeline welding quality through machine learning. Light energy data and multi-light-source images of a spiral weld pool are collected, exposure parameters are dynamically adjusted through the energy difference of visible light near-infrared bands, and the real-time detection of the PCCP welding quality is achieved. Inhibiting strong light interference and generating a weld surface image; a stress concentration area is positioned by scanning a welding seam thermal deformation area and combining speckle pattern change, sound frequency change and the elastic characteristic of the thin-wall steel cylinder; inputting the surface image and the deformation data into a space-time convolutional neural network, fusing light energy change, image details and spatial features to construct a weld joint space structure diagram, and adaptively correcting the position of a sensor; and comparing the sinking depth of the three-dimensional point cloud reconstruction, analyzing the correlation between the sinking degree and the stress, and generating a probability thermodynamic diagram to output the pressure-bearing failure risk level, so that the probabilistic early warning of the pressure-bearing failure risk can be realized.

The invention discloses a heat exchanger welding seam image enhancement processing method, and belongs to the technical field of image processing, and the method comprises the steps: S1, collecting a heat exchanger welding seam original image through a preset collection module, and converting the original image into a grayscale image; s2, a processing module is preset, the gray level image is segmented based on a preset dynamic threshold value, and a welding seam area image and a base metal area image are generated; s3, in the welding seam area image, generating a first enhanced image, a second enhanced image and a third enhanced image through a preset generation module; and S4, extracting a reference edge contour of the weld joint area image from the base metal area image, performing pixel-level fusion on the first enhanced image, the second enhanced image and the third enhanced image, and outputting a weld joint image. According to the method, the weld joint area is divided into the highlight area, the dark area and the middle area to be processed respectively, weld pool texture loss caused by strong reflection is effectively restrained, and the problem that details are lost in a highlight scene in an existing method is solved.

The invention provides a narrow gap swing laser welding pool wettability prediction method based on CFD simulation. The method comprises the following steps that an interaction platform is constructed through Python + PyQt5, and geometric modeling, UDF compiling and a material library module are integrated; the groove parameters and the swing track are dynamically loaded to a Fluent solver, and a full-coupling transient model of a steam recoil pressure-buoyancy-molten drop mass source item is established; in CFD-POST, the widest section of the molten pool is positioned on the basis of the contour surface with the volume fraction being 0.5, and Z-direction displacement-flow velocity data are extracted along the two side wall surfaces; fusing defects are predicted through double criteria of a bilateral average flow velocity difference threshold value and F test variance homogeneity; according to the method, dynamic quantitative evaluation of wetting behaviors can be achieved, the process development period is shortened, the defect detection rate is increased, and the method is suitable for aerospace thick plate welding quality control.

The invention relates to the technical field of valve welding, in particular to a welding tool for manufacturing a large marine valve. Workpiece positioning structures used for clamping and positioning valve workpieces are symmetrically assembled at the upper end of the welding tool frame along the middle portion. A welding seam bottom sealing structure for sealing the position of a welding seam in a valve workpiece is detachably assembled on the inner side of each workpiece positioning structure. According to the design of the welding seam bottom sealing structure, the inner space of the inner edge of the welding seam can be automatically sealed through the synergistic effect of the oblique angle groove plate, the assembly frame plate, the arc-shaped plate and other components, and in the process, the assembly frame plate moves on the oblique angle groove plate, so that a sealed metal circular ring is formed; according to the design, welding fluid is effectively prevented from leaking into the valve workpiece in the welding process, the wall thickness welding quality of the valve for the large ship is ensured, and therefore welding defects are avoided.

An MIG welding parameter optimization method based on a composite heat source simulation model comprises the steps that firstly, a geometric model and a physical model for simulation are determined, then grid division work is carried out on the simulation model, reasonable boundary conditions are designed for the simulation model, and then a Gaussian heat source model and a cylinder heat source model are imported into the models; the method comprises the following steps of: setting a time step, starting a simulation process, monitoring, comparing a simulation result with an actual experiment result, verifying, and continuously and repeatedly optimizing the model until the simulation result and the actual experiment result have good consistency. A composite welding heat source model is embedded in a traditional heat source simulation model, so that real data such as the shape and the forming size of a welding pool under the welding wire filling condition can be more accurately simulated, the simulation precision is high, the data are reliable, and the size of the actual welding sample pool can be well fit.

According to the pipeline all-position robot intelligent welding system and method based on the AI algorithm, a laser vision scanning system is adopted for scanning a pipeline welding seam / groove, and an AI intelligent model generating system generates a pipeline all-position welding seam three-dimensional model diagram based on scanning data; the AI intelligent process generation system intelligently reads welding seam size information based on the model diagram, generates a welding gun path of all-position welding, optimizes the welding gun path, matches initial welding parameters and distributes the initial welding parameters to the intelligent welding robot, and the AI intelligent process optimization system predicts a welding seam molten pool in the welding execution process and judges whether the process is qualified or not. And if the process is unqualified, welding parameter adjustment is repeated, and if the process is qualified, process parameter optimization values are output. The welding quality of all-position welding of small and medium-diameter pipelines is accurately controlled, and the all-position welding quality of the pipelines is improved; and the system intelligently adapts to the complex environment of all-position welding of small and medium-diameter pipelines, and can cope with complex welding process changes in real time.

The invention discloses laser positioning / welding and laser cleaning synchronous integrated equipment and a laser positioning / welding and laser cleaning synchronous integrated method. The equipment realizes real-time positioning and automatic focusing based on welding seam tracking and optical signal processing, links two lasers to synchronously emit welding and cleaning light beams, acts on a welding pool at the same time, and is matched with shielding gas pre-injection, smoke discharge and slag removal and a special clamp to remove impurities in the welding pool in real time, generate micro-vibration stirring and promote grain refinement in the welding process. According to the equipment, key links such as workpiece clamping and positioning, automatic focusing, welding and cleaning are combined, the technological process is greatly simplified, and the compactness and the mechanical property of a welding seam of a plated part are improved.

The invention relates to an automatic and semi-automatic electric arc technology, in particular to a hollow guide rail quick positioning and welding device and a positioning method.The hollow guide rail quick positioning and welding device comprises a base, a rolling conveying piece installed on the base and a hollow guide rail body arranged on the rolling conveying piece in a transmission mode; the positioning piece is arranged on the base and is used for lifting and positioning the welding seam of the hollow guide rail main body. Through the integral matching design, intermittent lifting action of the ejector rod can be realized, and when the ejector rod performs lifting motion, the positioning piece connected with the ejector rod performs lifting action synchronously, so that the welding seam of the hollow guide rail main body is accurately lifted and positioned, the wave fluctuation height difference caused by sinking is weakened, and the welding quality of the hollow guide rail main body is improved. The height difference between the wave crest and the wave trough which fluctuate is controlled within the range that a welding pool can melt along flow as much as possible, the lifting action of the ejector rod and the positioning piece is driven by the driving piece, the phenomenon can be effectively avoided, the flatness of a welding seam is ensured, and a good foundation is provided for welding operation.

The invention provides a pipe fitting laser welding machine and a using method thereof, and relates to the technical field of laser welding, the pipe fitting laser welding machine comprises a base, two side fixing plates are symmetrically and vertically fixed to the two sides of the top of the base, a motor is fixed to the outer sides of the side fixing plates through mounting supports, and the axial part of an output shaft of the motor is located in the side fixing plates and rotationally mounted; an auxiliary structure is coaxially fixed at the end part of an output shaft of the motor; the auxiliary structure comprises a long shaft, by arranging the auxiliary structure, when a worker starts the motor to drive the pipeline to rotate and convey inert gas, the gas conveying pipe can stably convey gas to the four-way converging pipe, then the gas is conveyed to a welding area through the stretchable flexible exhaust pipe, and meanwhile the gas conveying pipe is matched with rotation of the turbulent flow main shaft; therefore, uniform distribution of the inert gas in the welding area can be achieved, a stable protection atmosphere is provided for welding, the diffusion mode is that the inert gas diffuses from the interior of the pipeline to the weld joint and can directly act on a welding pool and a nearby high-temperature area, and the stability of welding quality is ensured.

The invention relates to the technical field of attitude planning, in particular to a mechanical arm attitude planning method and system. The method comprises the following steps that a product welding structure diagram and basic setting parameters of a mechanical arm welding gun are obtained, the morphological difference between welding spot sequences is analyzed, and morphological difference data of the welding spot sequences are obtained; secondly, based on basic setting parameters of a mechanical arm welding gun, simulating and analyzing the form deviation of a welding pool, and carrying out strength loss posture association mining to obtain strength loss posture association data; and finally, joint angle space limiting matching is conducted according to the strength loss posture correlation feature data, joint angle space limiting matching data are generated, mechanical arm welding gun posture planning design is conducted through the data, and final posture planning data are obtained. According to the invention, the attitude planning technology is optimized, so that the attitude planning technology is more accurate.

According to the filler wire welding method based on the composite laser, the first laser beam and the second laser beam which are different in wavelength can be irradiated to the welding seam of the to-be-welded aluminum alloy workpiece through the composite laser welding head, and light spots, acting on the to-be-welded aluminum alloy workpiece, of the two laser beams partially coincide or do not coincide; the two light spots are distributed front and back in the welding direction. When the light spot of the first laser beam is in the front and the light spot of the second laser beam is in the rear, the first laser beam can be used for preheating, so that the welding wire melting efficiency can be improved, the reflectivity of aluminum alloy to the second laser beam is reduced, and welding seam forming is improved. When the light spot of the first laser beam is in the rear and the light spot of the second laser beam is in the front, the first laser beam can be used for slowly cooling a welding pool / performing post-heat treatment on a welding seam, so that welding defects are reduced. It can be seen that the welding quality of the to-be-welded aluminum alloy workpiece is improved by means of characteristic cooperation and function complementation between the two kinds of lasers of different wave bands.

The invention discloses high-strength steel laser wire filling welding equipment and method based on AI intelligent identification, and belongs to the field of laser welding and artificial intelligence. Comprising a laser wire filling welding system, a robot control system loaded with a laser wire filling welding head, an element analysis and vision and distance measurement system integrated on the laser wire filling welding head, an online detection system loaded with a CNN training model and a PLC real-time feedback system. Laser wire filling welding is carried out through the laser wire filling welding system and the robot control system, meanwhile, whether an AlSi coating exists on the surface of a high-strength steel plate or not and the appearance of a plate butt joint gap and a welding pool are obtained through the element analysis and vision and distance measurement system, and data are transmitted to the on-line detection system to be analyzed; and then an analysis result is fed back to a laser wire filling welding system through a real-time feedback system, so that the wire feeding type and the wire feeding speed of a wire feeding system are changed, and wire feeding parameters are modified in situ.

The invention relates to the technical field of girth welding, in particular to a girth welding method, system and device for bicycle parts. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a thermal imaging image of a bicycle part in a welding process, and carrying out graying processing to obtain a grayscale image; according to the gray level distribution characteristics of the gray level image, a welding pool area, a heat influence area and a splashing hot spot are determined; radiating outwards from the central point of the welding pool area, and determining a gradient characteristic sequence of temperature change of the heat affected area in different edge pixel point directions; determining the deviation degree of the pipe diameter of the workpiece according to the length difference and the gray scale distribution of the gradient feature sequence; analyzing gray level change characteristics of welding pool areas in the gray level images of the current frame and the previous frame, and evaluating a stability index in combination with the area and distribution characteristics of splashing hot spots of the current frame; and according to the stability index and the workpiece pipe diameter deviation degree, parameters of the current welding process are adjusted in real time. Real-time regulation and control of the welding process can be effectively achieved, and the welding stability is improved.

The invention relates to the field of molten pool monitoring, in particular to a welding molten pool fusion monitoring method and system. Comprising the steps of obtaining ultrasonic scanning data of a welding pool through a single-point scanning method; according to the size parameter information of the welding pool, first reflection time and second reflection time are determined; determining other maximum value points from the ultrasonic scanning data according to the first reflection time and the second reflection time; determining real defect points from other maximum value points; and echo signal features of the real defect points are input into the trained long-short-term memory network, the defect types and the fusion state are output through the trained long-short-term memory network, and fusion parameters and optimization algorithms of a welding pool are adjusted through the defect types and the fusion state. According to the method, the defect type and the fusion state of the welding pool can be identified, and the welding process of the welding pool can be adjusted and optimized in time.

The invention relates to a laser welding method. According to the welding method, a first welding wire and a second welding wire are used for conducting laser welding at the same time, the first welding wire is a gas shielded welding wire, and the second welding wire is a gas shielded welding wire or a NiCr alloy welding wire. According to the welding method for laser double-wire welding, under the action of high-energy-density laser, molten metal is rapidly melted into a gap to form a welding seam molten pool, meanwhile, molten metal in a welding seam can be rapidly cooled and solidified, thermal deformation is small, the welding seam is uniform and compact, the surface quality is good, and the risk of cracking caused by stress concentration can be reduced.

A method for joining metallic workpieces (12, 14, 150), the method comprising: a workpiece stack (10) is provided having three metal workpieces (12, 14, 150) overlapping to define a welding area (16), wherein the welding area (16) of the workpiece stack (10) has a top surface (20) and a bottom surface (22) and further establishes a butt interface (34) between each pair of adjacent metal workpieces (12, 14, 150) included in the workpiece stack (10), and wherein all of the metal workpieces in the workpiece stack (10) are magnesium workpieces; an optical scanning laser head (42) of a remote laser welding device (18) is operated to direct a first laser beam (24') onto the upper surface (20) of the workpiece stack (10) and additionally to move a beam spot (44) of the first laser beam (24') relative to the upper surface (20) of the workpiece stack (10) within the welding area (16) and along a linear beam path pattern (80) to form a keyhole (70) and to displace a surrounding molten metal weld pool (68) along a corresponding path within the workpiece stack (10), wherein a single translation of the keyhole (70) and the surrounding molten metal weld pool (68) creates a linear laser seam weld joint (66) extending into the workpiece stack (10) and intersecting each butt interface (34) formed between the top and bottom surfaces (22) of the workpiece stack (10) to weld the three metallic workpieces (12, 14, 150) together, the laser seam weld joint (66) having an initial top surface (76) adjacent the top surface (20) of the workpiece stack (10); the scanning optical laser head (42) of the remote laser welding device (18) is operated to impinge on the initial upper surface (76) of the laser seam weld joint (66) with a second laser beam (24") and additionally to move the second laser beam (24") sinusoidally along the initial upper surface (76) of the linear laser seam weld joint (66) to melt an upper portion of the laser seam weld joint (66) including the initial upper surface (76) of the laser seam weld joint (66), wherein the upper portion melted by the second laser beam (24") constitutes between 10 vol.% and 30 vol.% of the laser seam weld joint (66); and the second laser beam (24") is removed from the laser seam weld joint (66) to allow the upper portion of the laser seam weld joint (66) to resolidify and to provide the laser seam weld joint (66) with a modified upper surface (84) that is smoother than the initial upper surface (76) of the laser seam weld joint (66) wherein the first laser beam (24') is a solid-state laser beam, wherein the first laser beam (24') is moved relative to the upper surface (20) of the workpiece stack (10) along the beam travel pattern (80) at a travel speed ranging from 2 m / min to 50 m / min, while a power level of the first laser beam (24') ranges from 2 kW to 6 kW and a focus position of the first laser beam (24') ranges from +10 mm above the upper surface (20) of the workpiece stack (10) to -10 mm below the upper surface (20) of the workpiece stack (10); and wherein the second laser beam (24") is a solid-state laser beam, wherein the second laser beam (24") is moved along the initial upper surface (76) of the laser seam weld joint (66) at a travel speed ranging from 50 m / min to 130 m / min, while a power level of the second laser beam (24") ranges from 1 kW to 3 kW and a focus position of the second laser beam (24") ranges from 0 mm to -50 mm below the upper surface (20) of the workpiece stack (10).

The invention relates to the technical field of welding equipment, in particular to train maintenance welding equipment which comprises a guide mounting column, and further comprises an adaptive adjustment welding mechanism arranged on one side of a driving mounting disc; the adjusting drainage mechanism is movably arranged on the guide mounting column, and the adjusting drainage mechanism comprises a displacement adjusting module and a drainage module. The equipment is compact in structure, can be conveniently mounted on an external loading device, and flexibly enters a high position and a deep position which are difficult to reach in train maintenance; the spatial position and the dip angle of the welding nozzle are cooperatively adjusted through the multiple driving telescopic columns, a welding pool and heat input can be precisely controlled, and the welding seam forming quality is guaranteed; the functions of environment pretreatment and real-time purification are integrated, combustible dust can be removed in advance, smoke dust is efficiently pumped out through negative pressure during welding, and clear sight is guaranteed through supplementary lighting; the air supply module and the power supply module are integrated in the guide column, the structure is regular, and operation is stable and reliable.

This invention provides a laser welding machine for repairing galvanized steel pipes, relating to the field of laser welding machine technology. It includes a welding station and a laser welding torch, the laser welding torch being movable on the welding station. The machine also includes a butt clamping mechanism, a welding pool, a pre-weld treatment mechanism, and a gas flow treatment mechanism. Two clamping platforms are slidably connected to the welding station, and these platforms can drive the galvanized steel pipe to rotate. The welding pool is located on the welding station between the two clamping platforms. The pre-weld treatment mechanism can perform grinding pre-treatment on the area of ​​the galvanized steel pipe to be welded. The gas flow treatment mechanism consists of clamping arm assembly one and clamping arm assembly two, rotatably connected to both sides of the pre-weld treatment mechanism. During welding, clamping arm assembly one and clamping arm assembly two can clamp the welding position of the galvanized steel pipe and use gas flow to carry away zinc vapor from the molten pool. This solves the technical problem in related technologies where zinc metal on the surface of galvanized steel pipes evaporates into zinc vapor during welding, affecting welding quality.

The application provides a welding molten pool monitoring system and method, the system comprises: an input module for obtaining a to-be-processed welding image according to a selected welding image input source; a processing module for selecting a matched welding information recognition model, inputting the to-be-processed welding image into the welding information recognition model, obtaining a welding molten pool recognition result, processing the welding molten pool recognition result by using a preset parameter algorithm to obtain a molten pool detection parameter; and an output module for pushing the molten pool detection parameter to a user. The application can obtain a to-be-processed welding image from a selected welding image input source, select a matched welding information recognition model for image recognition, process the image recognition result to obtain a molten pool detection parameter to monitor the welding effect, and has better applicability and deployment convenience.

The invention provides a high-temperature alloy laser welding process parameter prediction method, terminal equipment and a medium. The method comprises the steps that workpiece attributes of a to-be-welded alloy workpiece are obtained; collecting a welding pool image in real time, and extracting a length-width ratio time sequence of the welding pool from the welding pool image; inputting the workpiece attributes and the length-width ratio time sequence of the molten pool into a pre-trained process parameter prediction model, and outputting a welding process parameter prediction value by the process parameter prediction model; and the to-be-welded alloy workpiece is welded according to the welding process parameter predicted value. The problems that in the prior art, parameters of a high-temperature alloy laser welding process are not accurately set, and real-time self-adaptive adjustment cannot be achieved can be solved, and the welding quality is improved.

This invention provides a method, terminal equipment, and medium for predicting process parameters in high-temperature alloy laser welding. The method includes: acquiring the workpiece properties of the alloy workpiece to be welded; acquiring a real-time image of the weld pool and extracting a time series sequence of the weld pool aspect ratio from the image; inputting the workpiece properties and the time series sequence of the weld pool aspect ratio into a pre-trained process parameter prediction model, which outputs predicted values ​​of the welding process parameters; and welding the alloy workpiece according to the predicted values ​​of the welding process parameters. This invention solves the problems of inaccurate setting of process parameters and inability to adaptively adjust them in real time in existing high-temperature alloy laser welding technologies, thereby improving welding quality.

The invention relates to the technical field of electro-gas welding, and particularly discloses a double-wire electro-gas welding method which comprises the following steps: arranging a butt joint seam between a first welding part and a second welding part; the rear side of the butt joint seam is blocked; direct current positive connection is conducted on a first welding wire, direct current reverse connection is conducted on a second welding wire, the first welding wire and the second welding wire are both arranged in a butt joint seam, and the first welding wire is located on the rear side of the second welding wire; and the first welding wire and the second welding wire are controlled to synchronously and periodically swing in the front-back direction and synchronously move upwards. According to the double-wire electro-gas welding method, groove machining is not needed, the stability of a welding pool is improved, and the welding quality is guaranteed.

The present invention relates to a welding molten pool morphology detection device and a welding device and method. The detection method includes the following steps: placing a base material on an insulating wedge, using a pulsed laser to irradiate a specific area on the lower surface of the insulating wedge to form a row of light spots, the light spot position generates an ultrasonic signal and is transmitted through the insulating wedge to the base material molten pool to generate a reflection signal; synchronously collecting the reflection signal of each ultrasonic signal in the specific area on the lower surface of the insulating wedge; obtaining the ultrasonic velocity of the reflected signal in the relevant medium in the propagation path and the arrival time of the reflection signal peak, and calculating the internal contour cross-sectional curve of the molten pool, the upper surface cross-sectional curve of the molten pool, the keyhole contour cross-sectional curve, the bubble lower surface cross-sectional curve, and the bubble upper surface cross-sectional curve; repeating the above detection steps until the entire molten pool is covered, and obtaining the three-dimensional morphology of the internal contour of the molten pool, the three-dimensional morphology of the upper surface of the molten pool, the three-dimensional morphology of the keyhole contour, and the three-dimensional morphology of the bubble, which is conducive to adjusting the welding process parameters and improving the welding quality.

The invention discloses an automobile auxiliary frame welding method for reducing welding spatter through ultrasonic assistance. The automobile auxiliary frame welding method aims at solving the problems that spatter is serious and quality is not stable in a traditional welding process. The method comprises the steps that in the process of welding the automobile auxiliary frame, ultrasonic vibration is synchronously applied to a welding area; the core is that the ultrasonic vibration is started at the same time as or before the start of the welding current and is stopped after the stop of the welding current, and the generation of spatter is physically suppressed by the acoustic streaming effect and / or cavitation effect generated in the welding pool. Compared with the prior art, through real-time synchronous coupling of the ultrasonic and welding processes, welding spatter can be reduced by 70% or above, meanwhile, welding seam forming is improved, the grain structure is refined, an online monitoring and feedback control system can be integrated, and the welding quality, the production efficiency and the automation level are remarkably improved.

A method to execute a weld of an electrode of a cell which is part of a battery and having the steps of: causing the electrode to come into contact with another element to which the electrode must be welded; locally heating the electrode and the other element so as to locally cause a melting of the metal making up the electrode and of the metal making up the other element in order to generate a weld pool; waiting for the weld pool to cool down, thus giving stability to the weld; capturing, by means of a video camera, a series of digital images of the weld pool during the heating; analysing the digital images in order to determine a value of at least one parameter of the welding process; and changing the execution of the melting process based on the value of the parameter.

The application provides a 650MPa-grade ultra-supercritical high-temperature steel welding electrode and a coating and deposited metal, and belongs to the field of welding materials.The raw material of the coating comprises, in weight parts, 39-43 parts of magnesia, 30-35 parts of fluorite, 3-5 parts of dolomite, 5-10 parts of ferrosilicon, 2-5 parts of sodium titanate, 10-15 parts of metallic chromium powder, 0.1-0.4 parts of chromium oxide green, 0.1-0.3 parts of aluminum-magnesium alloy and 1.5-2.5 parts of sodium alginate.Through the research on the composition of the coating, the sodium titanate and the aluminum-magnesium alloy are added to stabilize the electric arc, the electric arc has stability and concentration when high-current welding is performed, the weld pool temperature is moderate, the fluidity of the molten iron is moderate, the electric arc blowing force is stable and concentrated, and the welding operation performance is good.

The invention relates to the technical field of strength of gas shield welding joints, in particular to a method for improving the strength of a gas shield welding joint, steel plate welding is completed in the mode of folding back welding at the plate seam position of two steel plates, a lining is arranged below the welding position of the two steel plates, and a welding groove is formed in the position, at the plate seam position of the two steel plates, of the lining. The welding starting position is on the steel plate on one side, welding is conducted in the plate seam direction, welding is conducted on the steel plate on the other side across the plate seam, the distances between welding pools passing through plate seam gaps in the plate seam turning-back process are the same, and welding seam forced water cooling points are arranged at the positions, 10-30 mm away from the welding pools, behind the welding pools. The method has the beneficial effects that the problem that the joint strength is reduced due to softening generated in a heat affected zone in the gas shielded welding process of high-strength steel is solved, the strength of a weld joint softening zone is improved, and the joint strength is larger than that of base metal.

The iridium alloy cladding comprises an outer cladding tube and a cover body, internal threads are arranged on the inner side of the upper portion of the outer cladding tube, a circular boss is arranged at the bottom of the cover body, external threads matched with the internal threads are arranged on the outer ring of the boss, and the outer cladding tube and the cover body are assembled through the threads. The laser-pulse TIG electric arc is adopted as a composite heat source, so that welding defects such as air holes and cracks in the cladding welding seam are reduced, meanwhile, crystalline grains in the solidification process of a welding pool are refined through the pulse electric arc, the situation that the structure in the welding seam is thick due to overheating is prevented, and the mechanical property of the iridium alloy isotope heat source cladding welding seam is improved; therefore, high-quality and low-cost welding of the iridium alloy isotope heat source cladding is realized, and an iridium alloy cladding joint with excellent mechanical properties is obtained.

Welding machine (10) for welding a workpiece (12), comprising: an energy source (14) for generating a melt pool (18) in a zone of a workpiece (12); a device (32) for filling material comprising a nozzle (34); an aperture plate (300) comprising a body with an opening (302); and an optic (24) arranged such that it focuses a beam (16) from the energy source (14) through the opening (302) onto the zone of the workpiece (12), the body of the aperture plate (300) further comprises: a first end (304); a second end (306) opposite the first end (304); a planar first surface (308) that runs between the first and second ends (304, 306); and a concave second surface (312) opposite the first surface (308), which begins at the first end (304) at a height (H3) and then slopes towards the first surface (306), so that the aperture plate (300) tapers towards the second end (306) and the concave second surface (312) directs the reflection of the beam (38) away from the nozzle (34) to prevent the reflection (40) from affecting the nozzle (34).

The invention provides a self-adaptive laser hybrid welding single-face welding double-face forming method. The method comprises the following steps that 1, steel plates are assembled in a butt joint mode; 2, the position of locating laser is adjusted, and the distance between the laser end face and the workpiece surface is adjusted to a safe position; 3, the welding mode of the welding machine is a welding mode except pulse welding; 4, adjusting the power of the laser; 5, adjusting the diameter of a laser spot; 6, adjusting the focal length of the light spot and the distance between the light spot and the arc; 7, the welding current is controlled to range from 200 A to 330 A, and the welding speed ranges from 1.5 M / min to 2.8 M / min; and 8, the welding speed and locating are controlled through a robot, the electric arc is in front of the laser, or the laser and an electric arc welding pool are arranged behind the laser, and single-face welding and double-face forming of steel plate laser hybrid welding are achieved. According to the method, the rapid and high-quality welding process of the 4-28 mm medium-thickness plate is achieved, accurate positioning of the welding point position in the welding process is achieved, adaptability is higher, the welding speed is increased, and meanwhile the internal quality and surface forming of a welding seam are improved.