Reflective liquid crystal display device

Abstract

The invention discloses a reflection type liquid crystal display device which comprises an array substrate, an opposite substrate arranged opposite to the array substrate and a liquid crystal layer located between the opposite substrate and the array substrate. A first reflecting layer and pixel electrodes distributed in an array are arranged on the array substrate; the liquid crystal layer comprises liquid crystal molecules and nano particles which are mixed with each other, the refractive index of the nano particles is different from that of the liquid crystal molecules, and the nano particles and the liquid crystal molecules are matched with each other and can reflect light rays and scatter light rays. The nano particles mixed with the liquid crystal molecules are doped in the liquid crystal layer, and the refractive index of the nano particles is different from that of the liquid crystal molecules, so that light rays can be reflected and scattered after the nano particles and the liquid crystal molecules are matched with each other, and the reflectivity of the reflective liquid crystal display device to the light rays is improved; contrast and image quality of images displayed by the reflective liquid crystal display device are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of reflective display technology, and in particular to a reflective liquid crystal display device. Background Art

[0002] Display panels are thin, durable, and energy-saving and environmentally friendly with low power consumption, but they need to be used with a backlight, resulting in thick modules and high costs. Electronic paper displays (reflective displays) have become a type of display that meets the needs of the public. Electronic paper displays can use external light sources to display images, unlike LCD displays that require backlights. Therefore, in outdoor environments with strong sunlight, the information on the electronic paper can still be clearly seen without viewing angle issues. In addition, electronic paper displays are now widely used in electronic readers (such as e-books, e-newspapers) or other electronic components (such as price tags) due to their advantages such as power saving, high reflectivity and contrast ratio.

[0003] Existing electronic paper displays usually use E-Ink microcapsule technology (microcapsule electronic ink technology), SiPix microcup technology (microcup electrophoretic display technology), Bridgestone electronic liquid powder technology, cholesterol liquid crystal display (CLCD) technology, micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) technology or electrowetting technology. However, compared with liquid crystal display technology, existing electronic paper display technology is not very mature, mass production efficiency is low, manufacturing cost is relatively high, and existing electronic paper displays cannot achieve color display.

[0004] In order to achieve color reflective display, a reflective liquid crystal display device is usually used, but a polarizer is required. The polarizer has a large loss of light, resulting in a low reflectivity of the reflective liquid crystal display device. When the external light source is weak, the brightness of the reflective liquid crystal display device will be lower, resulting in a lower contrast. Reflection efficiency is an important indicator for evaluating display devices. The higher the reflection efficiency, the higher the brightness of the display device, the higher the contrast, and the better the display effect. Therefore, how to improve the reflection efficiency of the reflective liquid crystal display device is an important research direction in the field of reflective display. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a reflective liquid crystal display device to solve the problem of low reflectivity of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the prior art.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a reflective liquid crystal display device, comprising an array substrate, an opposing substrate arranged opposite to the array substrate, and a liquid crystal layer located between the opposing substrate and the array substrate, wherein a polarization component is arranged on the opposing substrate, wherein the polarization component comprises a linear polarizer, and a first reflective layer and pixel electrodes distributed in an array are arranged on the array substrate; The liquid crystal layer includes liquid crystal molecules and nanoparticles mixed with each other. The refractive index of the nanoparticles is different from that of the liquid crystal molecules. The nanoparticles cooperate with the liquid crystal molecules and can reflect and scatter light.

[0007] Furthermore, a common electrode cooperating with the pixel electrode is provided on the opposing substrate, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned parallel to the opposing substrate and the array substrate, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules close to the opposing substrate is perpendicular to the alignment direction close to the array substrate, and the liquid crystal layer has a phase delay of λ / 4 in an initial state.

[0008] Furthermore, a common electrode cooperating with the pixel electrode is provided on the counter substrate, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned perpendicular to the counter substrate and the array substrate, and when the liquid crystal molecules are in a flat posture, the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules is 45° with the light transmission axis of the linear polarizer, and at this time, the liquid crystal layer has a phase delay of λ / 4; Alternatively, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned parallel to the opposing substrate and the array substrate, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules close to the opposing substrate is parallel to the alignment direction close to the array substrate, and the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules is 45° to the transmission axis of the linear polarizer, and the liquid crystal layer has a phase delay of λ / 4 in an initial state.

[0009] Furthermore, a common electrode cooperating with the pixel electrode is provided on the array substrate, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned parallel to the opposing substrate and the array substrate, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules close to the opposing substrate is parallel to the alignment direction close to the array substrate, and the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules is 45° to the transmission axis of the linear polarizer, and the liquid crystal layer has a phase delay of λ / 4 in an initial state.

[0010] Furthermore, the polarization component includes a quarter wave plate, which is located between the linear polarizer and the opposing substrate, and the transmission axis of the linear polarizer is at 45° with the fast and slow axis of the quarter wave plate.

[0011] The present application also provides a reflective liquid crystal display device, comprising an array substrate, an opposing substrate arranged opposite to the array substrate, and a liquid crystal layer located between the opposing substrate and the array substrate, wherein the array substrate is provided with a first reflective layer and pixel electrodes distributed in an array, and the opposing substrate is provided with a common electrode matched with the pixel electrodes; The liquid crystal layer includes liquid crystal molecules, nanoparticles and dye molecules mixed with each other, the refractive index of the nanoparticles is different from the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules, and the nanoparticles and the liquid crystal molecules cooperate with each other and can reflect and scatter light; The liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are aligned parallel to the counter substrate and the array substrate, and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules close to the counter substrate is perpendicular to the alignment direction close to the array substrate.

[0012] Furthermore, the liquid crystal layer includes an afterglow luminescent structure, and the afterglow luminescent structure can emit light after absorbing and storing light energy.

[0013] Furthermore, the pixel electrode is made of a reflective material and reused as the first reflective layer; A second reflective layer is disposed on the array substrate. The second reflective layer is located at the edge of the pixel electrode and separates a plurality of the pixel electrodes from each other.

[0014] Furthermore, the refractive index of the nanoparticles differs from the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules by more than 0.1; And / or, the nanoparticles are spherical or strip-shaped; And / or, the diameter of the nanoparticles is 5nm~500nm; And / or, the nanoparticles are white or transparent.

[0015] Furthermore, a black matrix and a color resist layer corresponding to the pixel unit are provided on the opposing substrate, and the black matrix separates the multiple color resist layers from each other; or, a black matrix and a transparent area corresponding to the pixel unit are provided on the opposing substrate, and the black matrix separates the multiple transparent areas from each other.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by doping nanoparticles mixed with liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer, and the refractive index of the nanoparticles is different from the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules, the nanoparticles and the liquid crystal molecules can reflect and scatter light after cooperating with each other, thereby improving the reflectivity of the reflective liquid crystal display device to light, so as to improve the contrast and image quality of the displayed image; and, since the nanoparticles and the liquid crystal molecules can scatter light after cooperating with each other, a better reflection effect can be achieved without providing a diffuse reflection structure (convex structure) on the first reflection layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the initial state in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the array substrate in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of spherical nanoparticles and liquid crystal molecules in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of strip-shaped nanoparticles and liquid crystal molecules in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the bright state in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the optical path principle of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the bright state in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the dark state in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the optical path principle of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the dark state in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Fig. 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the initial state in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the array substrate in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Fig.11 It is a schematic structural diagram of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the initial state in the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Fig.12 It is a schematic structural diagram of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the fourth embodiment of the present invention in the dark state.

[0029] Fig.13 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the bright state in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Fig.14 It is a schematic structural diagram of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the dark state in the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Fig.151 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the fifth embodiment of the present invention in the bright state.

[0032] Fig.16 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the dark state in the sixth embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Fig.17 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the bright state in the sixth embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Fig.18 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the bright state in the sixth embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Fig.19 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the dark state in the sixth embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Fig. 20 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the dark state in the seventh embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Fig.21 It is a schematic diagram of the optical path principle of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the dark state in the seventh embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Fig. 22 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the bright state in the seventh embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Fig.23 It is a schematic diagram of the optical path principle of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the seventh embodiment of the present invention when in the bright state. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the specific implementation mode, structure, characteristics and effects of the reflective liquid crystal display device proposed by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments: [Example 1] Figure 1 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the initial state in the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the array substrate in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a reflective liquid crystal display device provided by the first embodiment of the present invention includes an array substrate 20, an opposing substrate 10 disposed opposite to the array substrate 20, and a liquid crystal layer 30 located between the opposing substrate 10 and the array substrate 20. The liquid crystal layer 30 includes liquid crystal molecules 31 and nanoparticles 32 mixed with each other, the refractive index of the nanoparticles 32 is different from the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules 31, and the nanoparticles 32 cooperate with the liquid crystal molecules 31 and can reflect and scatter light.

[0042] Among them, the proportion of nanoparticles 32 in the liquid crystal layer 30 is 45%~65%, and the proportion is preferably 50%. The diameter of the nanoparticles 32 is 5nm~500nm, and the nanoparticles 32 are white or transparent. The role of the nanoparticles 32 is to increase the reflection and scattering effect of the incident light, improve the overall reflectivity of the display device, and increase the viewing angle. The nanoparticles 32 can use inorganic or organic materials, and are evenly dispersed in the liquid crystal layer 30 and exist stably. The refractive index of the nanoparticles 32 is different from the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules 31. The difference between the refractive index of the nanoparticles 32 and the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules 31 is preferably greater than 0.1, so as to increase the reflection and refractive index of the interface between the liquid crystal molecules 31 and the nanoparticles 32. Of course, in actual use, the specific material of the nanoparticles 32 can be selected according to actual needs, as long as the material meets the requirements of different refractive indexes from the liquid crystal molecules 31, a diameter of 5nm~500nm, and white or transparent.

[0043] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of spherical nanoparticles and liquid crystal molecules in Example 1 of the present invention. Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of strip-shaped nanoparticles and liquid crystal molecules in Example 1 of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, the nanoparticles 32 may be spherical in structure with a diameter of 5 nm to 500 nm. The nanoparticles 32 may be organic macromolecules and combined with the liquid crystal molecules 31 to be uniformly dispersed. Of course, the nanoparticles 32 may also be inorganic nanoparticles, such as SiOx particles. Figure 4 As shown, the nanoparticles 32 may also be in a strip-shaped structure, such as carbon nanotubes, glass fibers, etc., and are uniformly mixed with the liquid crystal molecules 31. The diameter of the nanoparticles 32 is 5nm-20nm, and the length is 5nm-500nm.

[0044] In this embodiment, the array substrate 20 is provided with a first reflective layer 21 and pixel electrodes 22 distributed in an array. The first reflective layer 21 is used to reflect light, and the pixel electrodes 22 are used to apply grayscale voltage to control the liquid crystal molecules 31 to undergo planar deflection. The opposing substrate 10 is provided with a polarization component 40 and a common electrode 13 that cooperates with the pixel electrode 22. The common electrode 13 is a planar electrode that covers the entire surface of the opposing substrate 10. The polarization component 40 includes a linear polarizer 41 and a quarter wave plate 42. The quarter wave plate 42 is located between the linear polarizer 41 and the opposing substrate 10. The light transmission axis of the linear polarizer 41 is 45° to the fast and slow axes of the quarter wave plate 42 (the fast axis and the slow axis of the quarter wave plate 42 are perpendicular to each other). Optionally, the pixel electrode 22 is made of a reflective material (such as aluminum) and reused as the first reflective layer 21, that is, the pixel electrode 22 has a reflective effect and acts as the first reflective layer 21, thereby simplifying the manufacturing process and reducing the cell thickness and manufacturing cost of the reflective liquid crystal display device. Of course, the first reflective layer 21 and the pixel electrode 22 may also be located in different layers and made of different metal film layers and different etching processes. The surface of the first reflective layer 21 (pixel electrode 22) facing the liquid crystal layer 30 is a plane, thereby increasing the reflection effect. The reflective liquid crystal display device achieves a scattering effect of light through the cooperation between the nanoparticles 32 and the liquid crystal molecules to enhance the display effect. Of course, in other embodiments, the quarter wave plate 42 may not be provided, and the polarization component 40 may be composed of a linear polarizer 41, but the reflective display effect is poor.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, a black matrix 11 and a color resist layer 12 corresponding to the pixel unit P are provided on the counter substrate 10, and the black matrix 11 separates the multiple color resist layers 12 from each other. The color resist layer 12 includes red, green and blue color resist materials, which correspond to the red, green and blue pixel units P, respectively, so that the reflective liquid crystal display device can achieve full-color reflective display. Of course, in other embodiments, a black matrix 11 and a transparent area corresponding to the pixel unit P are provided on the counter substrate 10, and the black matrix 11 separates the multiple transparent areas from each other, that is, the color resist layer 12 does not need to be provided on the counter substrate 10, so that the reflective liquid crystal display device can achieve black and white reflective display.

[0046] like Figure 2As shown, the array substrate 20 is provided with a plurality of scan lines 1 and a plurality of data lines 2 on the side facing the liquid crystal layer 30. The plurality of scan lines 1 and the plurality of data lines 2 are mutually insulated and cross-defined to form a plurality of pixel units P. A pixel electrode 22 and a thin film transistor 3 are provided in each pixel unit P. The pixel electrode 22 is electrically connected to the data line 2 adjacent to the thin film transistor 3 through the thin film transistor 3. The thin film transistor 3 includes a gate, an active layer, a drain and a source. The gate is located in the same layer as the scan line 1 and is electrically connected. The gate is separated from the active layer by an insulating layer. The source is electrically connected to the data line 2. The drain is electrically connected to the pixel electrode 22 through a contact hole.

[0047] In this embodiment, the liquid crystal molecules 31 are positive liquid crystal molecules, that is, liquid crystal molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy. The liquid crystal molecules 31 are aligned parallel to the counter substrate 10 and the array substrate 20, and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 31 close to the counter substrate 10 is perpendicular to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 31 close to the array substrate 20. The liquid crystal molecules 31 are twisted 90° or 270° from the side close to the counter substrate 10 toward the array substrate 20 to realize the TN display mode. The liquid crystal layer 30 has a phase delay of λ / 4 in the initial state, so that the reflective liquid crystal display device is in a bright state in the initial state to realize the normally white mode.

[0048] Figure 5 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the bright state in the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the optical path principle of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the bright state in the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 As shown, when the reflective liquid crystal display device is in the bright state, no voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 22, and the liquid crystal molecules 31 in the liquid crystal layer 30 maintain the initial twisted state. At this time, the liquid crystal layer 30 has a phase delay of λ / 4. Figure 6 As shown, the ambient light I passes through the linear polarizer 41 and becomes linear polarized light (for example, 0°), the linear polarized light passes through the quarter wave plate 42 and becomes circular polarized light (for example, left-handed), the circular polarized light passes through the liquid crystal layer 30 and becomes linear polarized light (for example, 0°), and the polarization direction of the linear polarized light remains unchanged after being reflected by the first reflective layer 21 (pixel electrode 22); the reflected light passes through the liquid crystal layer 30 and becomes circular polarized light (for example, left-handed), the circular polarized light passes through the quarter wave plate 42 and becomes linear polarized light (for example, 0°), and then is emitted from the linear polarizer 41 to achieve a bright state. When the light passes through the liquid crystal layer 30, the nanoparticles 32 and the liquid crystal molecules 31 in the liquid crystal layer 30 cooperate with each other and reflect and scatter the light, thereby improving the reflectivity of the entire reflective liquid crystal display device to the ambient light I and achieving a diffuse reflection effect, so as to improve the contrast and image quality of the displayed image.

[0049] Figure 71 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the dark state in the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the optical path principle of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the dark state in the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 As shown, when the reflective liquid crystal display device is in a dark state, a common voltage is applied to the common electrode 13, a dark voltage (for example, 5V) is applied to the pixel electrode 22, and a strong vertical electric field (eg, 5V) is formed between the pixel electrode 22 and the common electrode 13. Figure 7 In E1), the liquid crystal molecules 31 in the liquid crystal layer 30 are deflected in the vertical direction and are perpendicular to the counter substrate 10 and the array substrate 20. At this time, the liquid crystal layer 30 has no phase delay. Figure 8 As shown, the ambient light I passes through the linear polarizer 41 and becomes linear polarized light (for example, 0°), the linear polarized light passes through the quarter wave plate 42 and becomes circular polarized light (for example, left-handed), the circular polarized light passes through the liquid crystal layer 30 and is still circular polarized light (for example, left-handed), the circular polarized light is reflected by the first reflective layer 21 (pixel electrode 22) and the rotation direction is opposite (becomes right-handed); the reflected light passes through the liquid crystal layer 30 and is still circular polarized light (for example, right-handed), the circular polarized light passes through the quarter wave plate 42 and becomes linear polarized light (for example, 90°), and then is absorbed by the linear polarizer 41 to achieve a dark state.

[0050] Among them, when the reflective liquid crystal display device displays a normal pattern, a common voltage is applied to the common electrode 13, and a grayscale voltage (0-255 grayscale) is applied to the pixel electrode 22, so that electric fields of different intensities are formed between the pixel electrode 22 and the common electrode 13, so as to drive the liquid crystal molecules 31 in the liquid crystal layer 30 to deflect in different amplitudes in the vertical direction, thereby controlling the intensity of the reflected light and realizing normal display of the picture.

[0051] [Example 2] Fig. 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the initial state in the second embodiment of the present invention. Fig.10 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the array substrate in the second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, the reflective liquid crystal display device provided in the second embodiment of the present invention is different from that in the first embodiment ( Figures 1 to 8 ) are substantially the same, except that: In the present embodiment, a second reflective layer 23 is provided on the array substrate 20, and the second reflective layer 23 is located at the edge of the pixel electrode 22 and separates the plurality of pixel electrodes 22 from each other, that is, the projection of the second reflective layer 23 on the opposing substrate 10 overlaps with the black matrix 11, thereby increasing the reflectivity of the reflective liquid crystal display device to ambient light. Optionally, the second reflective layer 23 and the pixel electrode 22 are located in the same layer, and are made of the same metal film layer and the same etching process, thereby simplifying the manufacturing process and reducing the cell thickness and manufacturing cost of the reflective liquid crystal display device. Of course, in other embodiments, the second reflective layer 23 and the pixel electrode 22 may also be located in different layers, and may be made of different metal film layers and different etching processes.

[0052] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the rest of the structure and working principle of this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment and will not be described in detail here.

[0053] [Example 3] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the initial state in the third embodiment of the present invention. Fig.11 As shown, the reflective liquid crystal display device provided in the third embodiment of the present invention is different from that in the first embodiment ( Figures 1 to 8 )、Example 2 ( Fig. 9 and Fig.10 ) are substantially the same, except that: In this embodiment, the first reflective layer 21 and the pixel electrode 22 are located in different layers and are made of different metal film layers and different etching processes. The first reflective layer 21 is arranged between the pixel electrode 22 and the array substrate 20. The first reflective layer 21 can directly contact the surface of the array substrate 20 to avoid affecting the normal operation of other electrodes, and can shield the interference of the external electric field on the pixel electrode 22, the scanning line 1, the data line 2 and the thin film transistor 3. The first reflective layer 21 is a planar structure that covers the entire surface of the array substrate 20, so as to increase the reflectivity of the reflective liquid crystal display device to ambient light.

[0054] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the rest of the structure and working principle of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, and will not be described in detail here.

[0055] [Example 4] Fig.12 It is a schematic structural diagram of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the fourth embodiment of the present invention in the dark state. Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the structure of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the fourth embodiment of the present invention in the bright state. Fig.12 and Fig.13 As shown, the reflective liquid crystal display device provided in the fourth embodiment of the present invention is different from that in the first embodiment ( Figures 1 to 8 )、Example 2 ( Fig. 9 and Fig.10 )、Example 3 ( Fig.11 ) are substantially the same, except that: In this embodiment, the liquid crystal layer 30 includes liquid crystal molecules 31, nanoparticles 32 and dye molecules 33 that are mixed with each other. The refractive index of the nanoparticles 32 is different from that of the liquid crystal molecules 31. The nanoparticles 32 cooperate with the liquid crystal molecules 31 and can reflect and scatter light. The liquid crystal molecules 31 are positive liquid crystal molecules, that is, liquid crystal molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy. The liquid crystal molecules 31 and the dye molecules 33 are aligned parallel to the counter substrate 10 and the array substrate 20. The alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 31 and the dye molecules 33 on the side close to the counter substrate 10 is perpendicular to the alignment direction on the side close to the array substrate 20. The liquid crystal molecules 31 and the dye molecules 33 are twisted 90° or 270° from the side close to the counter substrate 10 toward the array substrate 20 to achieve the TN display mode. The dye molecule 33 has an absorption axis and a transmission axis, the absorption capacity of the long axis of the dye molecule 33 is greater than that of the short axis, the dye molecule 33 has the characteristics that the long axis has a strong light absorption capacity and the short axis has a very weak light absorption capacity, and the dye molecule 33 is preferably a black dye molecule. Since the dye molecule 33 is doped in the liquid crystal layer 30 and mixed with the liquid crystal molecules 31 and the nanoparticles 32 in this embodiment, the polarization component 40 is not required in this embodiment, so that the cell thickness and manufacturing cost of the reflective liquid crystal display device can be reduced, and the reflectivity of the reflective liquid crystal display device to ambient light can be further improved.

[0056] like Fig.12 As shown, when the reflective liquid crystal display device is in a dark state, no voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 22, and the liquid crystal molecules 31 and the dye molecules 33 in the liquid crystal layer 30 maintain the initial twisted state. Therefore, the dye molecules 33 can absorb light in all directions, so that the reflective liquid crystal display device appears black. Fig.13 As shown, when the reflective liquid crystal display device is in a bright state, a common voltage is applied to the common electrode 13, a bright state voltage (for example, 5V) is applied to the pixel electrode 22, and a strong vertical electric field (eg, 5V) is formed between the pixel electrode 22 and the common electrode 13. Fig.13 In the embodiment E1), the liquid crystal molecules 31 and the dye molecules 33 in the liquid crystal layer 30 are deflected in the vertical direction and are perpendicular to the opposing substrate 10 and the array substrate 20. At this time, the dye molecules 33 have a weaker light absorption effect, and the ambient light can be emitted from the opposing substrate 10 after being reflected by the first reflective layer 21, thereby making the reflective liquid crystal display device appear bright.

[0057] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the rest of the structure and working principle of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, and Embodiment 3, and will not be described in detail here.

[0058] [Example 5] Fig.14 It is a schematic structural diagram of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the dark state in the fifth embodiment of the present invention. Fig.15 Schematic diagram of the structure of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the fifth embodiment of the present invention in the bright state. Fig.14 and Fig.15 As shown, the reflective liquid crystal display device provided in the fifth embodiment of the present invention is different from that in the first embodiment ( Figures 1 to 8 )、Example 2 ( Fig. 9 and Fig.10 )、Example 3 ( Fig.11 ) are substantially the same, except that: In this embodiment, the liquid crystal layer 30 includes liquid crystal molecules 31, nanoparticles 32, dye molecules 33 and afterglow luminescent structures 34 that are mixed with each other. The afterglow luminescent structures 34 can excite light after absorbing and storing light energy. The refractive index of the nanoparticles 32 is different from that of the liquid crystal molecules 31. The nanoparticles 32 and the liquid crystal molecules 31 cooperate with each other and can reflect and scatter light. The liquid crystal molecules 31 use positive liquid crystal molecules, that is, liquid crystal molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy. The liquid crystal molecules 31 and the dye molecules 33 are aligned parallel to the counter substrate 10 and the array substrate 20. The alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 31 and the dye molecules 33 on the side close to the counter substrate 10 is perpendicular to the alignment direction on the side close to the array substrate 20. The liquid crystal molecules 31 and the dye molecules 33 are twisted 90° or 270° from the side close to the counter substrate 10 toward the array substrate 20 to achieve the TN display mode.

[0059] The dye molecule 33 has an absorption axis and a transmission axis, the absorption capacity of the long axis of the dye molecule 33 is greater than that of the short axis, the dye molecule 33 has the characteristics that the long axis has a strong light absorption capacity and the short axis has a very weak light absorption capacity, and the dye molecule 33 is preferably a black dye molecule. Since the dye molecule 33 is doped in the liquid crystal layer 30 and mixed with the liquid crystal molecules 31 and the nanoparticles 32 in this embodiment, the polarization component 40 is not required in this embodiment, so that the cell thickness and manufacturing cost of the reflective liquid crystal display device can be reduced, and the reflectivity of the reflective liquid crystal display device to ambient light can be further improved.

[0060] The afterglow luminous structure 34 can excite white light after absorbing and storing light energy, so that when the ambient light is strong, the afterglow luminous structure 34 can absorb and store light energy, and when the ambient light is weak, the afterglow luminous structure 34 can emit white light to increase the display brightness of the reflective liquid crystal display device in a dark environment. The material of the afterglow luminous structure 34 is preferably a long afterglow material, and the emission main peak includes a mixed afterglow material of the three primary colors of red, green and blue. Through color mixing, the excitation light can form white light. Common types of long afterglow materials include: sulfide, aluminate-based, silicate-based afterglow materials, etc. After being excited by light, the self-luminous time of such materials can reach 8-10 hours, and the luminous intensity can be maintained at more than 85%, which can maintain a good display state. It can be understood that the structures in Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, and Embodiment 3 can also be doped with the afterglow luminous structure 34 in the liquid crystal layer 30 to increase the display brightness, but the contrast is poorer than that of this embodiment.

[0061] like Fig.14 As shown, when the reflective liquid crystal display device is in a dark state, no voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 22, and the liquid crystal molecules 31 and the dye molecules 33 in the liquid crystal layer 30 maintain the initial twisted state. Therefore, the dye molecules 33 can absorb light in all directions, so that the reflective liquid crystal display device appears black. Fig.15 As shown, when the reflective liquid crystal display device is in a bright state, a common voltage is applied to the common electrode 13, a bright state voltage (for example, 5V) is applied to the pixel electrode 22, and a strong vertical electric field (eg, 5V) is formed between the pixel electrode 22 and the common electrode 13. Fig.15 In the embodiment E1), the liquid crystal molecules 31 and the dye molecules 33 in the liquid crystal layer 30 are deflected in the vertical direction and are perpendicular to the opposing substrate 10 and the array substrate 20. At this time, the dye molecules 33 have a weaker light absorption effect, and the ambient light can be emitted from the opposing substrate 10 after being reflected by the first reflective layer 21, thereby making the reflective liquid crystal display device appear bright.

[0062] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the rest of the structure and working principle of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, and Embodiment 3, and will not be described in detail here.

[0063] [Example 6] Fig.16 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the dark state in the sixth embodiment of the present invention. Fig.17 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the bright state in the sixth embodiment of the present invention. Fig.18 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the bright state in the sixth embodiment of the present invention. Fig.19 FIG. 2 is a second structural diagram of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the dark state in the sixth embodiment of the present invention. Figures 16 to 19As shown, the reflective liquid crystal display device provided in the sixth embodiment of the present invention is different from that in the first embodiment ( Figures 1 to 8 )、Example 2 ( Fig. 9 and Fig.10 )、Example 3 ( Fig.11 ), Embodiment 4 ( Fig.12 and Fig.13 )、Example 5 ( Fig.14 and Fig.15 ) are substantially the same, except that: In this embodiment, if Fig.16 and Fig.17 As shown, the liquid crystal molecules 31 use negative liquid crystal molecules, that is, liquid crystal molecules with negative dielectric anisotropy. The liquid crystal molecules 31 are aligned perpendicular to the opposing substrate 10 and the array substrate 20 to achieve the VA display mode. When the liquid crystal molecules 31 are in a flat posture, the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules 31 is 45° to the light transmission axis of the linear polarizer 41. At this time, the liquid crystal layer 30 has a phase delay of λ / 4. Among them, the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules 31 can be 80~90°, so as to deflect toward the flat posture and orient the deflection direction of the liquid crystal molecules 31.

[0064] In another embodiment, if Fig.18 and Fig.19 As shown, the liquid crystal molecules 31 are positive liquid crystal molecules, that is, liquid crystal molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy. The liquid crystal molecules 31 are aligned parallel to the counter substrate 10 and the array substrate 20, and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 31 close to the counter substrate 10 and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 31 close to the array substrate 20 are parallel to each other, and the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules 31 is 45° to the light transmission axis of the linear polarizer 41, and the liquid crystal layer 30 has a phase delay of λ / 4 in the initial state, so that the reflective liquid crystal display device is in a bright state in the initial state.

[0065] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the remaining structures and working principles of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, Embodiment 3, Embodiment 4, and Embodiment 5, and will not be described in detail here.

[0066] [Example 7] Fig. 20 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the dark state in the seventh embodiment of the present invention. Fig.21 It is a schematic diagram of the optical path principle of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the dark state in the seventh embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 22 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the bright state in the seventh embodiment of the present invention. Fig.23 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the optical path principle of the reflective liquid crystal display device in the bright state in the seventh embodiment of the present invention. Figure 20 to Figure 23 As shown, the reflective liquid crystal display device provided in the seventh embodiment of the present invention is different from the reflective liquid crystal display device provided in the first embodiment ( Figures 1 to 8 )、Example 2 ( Fig. 9 and Fig.10 )、Example 3 ( Fig.11 ), Embodiment 4 ( Fig.12 and Fig.13 )、Example 5 ( Fig.14 and Fig.15 ) are substantially the same, except that: In this embodiment, the array substrate 20 is provided with a common electrode 13 that cooperates with the pixel electrode 22, that is, the common electrode 13 is provided on the array substrate 20. The common electrode 13 and the pixel electrode 22 are located in different layers and are insulated and isolated by an insulating layer. The common electrode 13 can be located above or below the pixel electrode 22 ( Fig. 20 As shown in the figure, the common electrode 13 is located below the pixel electrode 22). Preferably, the common electrode 13 is a planar electrode arranged on the entire surface, and the pixel electrode 22 is a slit electrode having a plurality of electrode strips in each pixel unit to form a fringe field switching mode (Fringe Field Switching, FFS). Of course, in other embodiments, the pixel electrode 22 and the common electrode 13 are located in the same layer, but the two are insulated and isolated from each other, and the pixel electrode 22 and the common electrode 133 can each include a plurality of electrode strips, and the electrode strips of the pixel electrode 22 and the electrode strips of the common electrode 13 are alternately arranged to form an in-plane switching mode (In-Plane Switching, IPS).

[0067] Furthermore, since the common electrode 13 is located below the pixel electrode 22, the common electrode 13 is a planar electrode arranged on the entire surface, and the pixel electrode 22 has a slit electrode with multiple electrode strips, the common electrode 13 is reused as the first reflective layer 21, that is, the common electrode 13 is made of a reflective material (such as aluminum) and reused as the first reflective layer 21, that is, the common electrode 13 has a reflective effect and acts as the first reflective layer 21, thereby simplifying the manufacturing process and reducing the box thickness and manufacturing cost of the reflective liquid crystal display device.

[0068] In this embodiment, the liquid crystal molecules 31 are positive liquid crystal molecules, that is, liquid crystal molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy. The liquid crystal molecules 31 are aligned parallel to the counter substrate 10 and the array substrate 20. The alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 31 close to the counter substrate 10 is parallel to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 31 close to the array substrate 20. The long axis of the liquid crystal molecules 31 is 45° to the light transmission axis of the linear polarizer 41. The liquid crystal layer 30 has a phase delay of λ / 4 in the initial state. The reflective liquid crystal display device in this embodiment adopts the Fringe Field Switching (FFS) mode. The counter substrate 10 may not be provided with a quarter wave plate 42. The polarization component 40 is composed of a linear polarizer 41.

[0069] like Fig. 20 As shown, when the reflective liquid crystal display device is in a dark state, no voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 22, and the liquid crystal molecules 31 in the liquid crystal layer 30 maintain the initial flat state. At this time, the liquid crystal layer 30 has a phase delay of λ / 4. Fig.21 As shown, the ambient light I passes through the linear polarizer 41 and becomes linear polarized light (for example, 0°), the linear polarized light passes through the liquid crystal layer 30 and becomes circular polarized light (for example, left-handed), the circular polarized light is reflected by the first reflective layer 21 (common electrode 13) and has the opposite rotation direction (becomes right-handed); the reflected light passes through the liquid crystal layer 30 and becomes linear polarized light (for example, 90°), and is then absorbed by the linear polarizer 41 to achieve a dark state.

[0070] like Fig. 22 As shown, when the reflective liquid crystal display device is in a bright state, a common voltage is applied to the common electrode 13, a bright state voltage (for example, 5V) is applied to the pixel electrode 22, and a strong horizontal electric field (eg, 5V) is formed between the pixel electrode 22 and the common electrode 13. Fig. 22 In E2), the liquid crystal molecules 31 in the liquid crystal layer 30 are deflected in the horizontal direction, and at this time, the phase delay of the liquid crystal layer 30 is weakened. Fig.23 As shown, the ambient light I passes through the linear polarizer 41 and becomes linear polarized light (for example, 0°), and the linear polarized light passes through the liquid crystal layer 30 and remains linear polarized light (for example, 0°), and the polarization direction of the linear polarized light remains unchanged after being reflected by the first reflective layer 21 (common electrode 13); the reflected light passes through the liquid crystal layer 30 and remains linear polarized light (for example, 0°), and then is emitted from the linear polarizer 41 to achieve a bright state. When the light passes through the liquid crystal layer 30, the nanoparticles 32 and the liquid crystal molecules 31 in the liquid crystal layer 30 cooperate with each other and reflect and scatter the light, thereby improving the reflectivity of the entire reflective liquid crystal display device to the ambient light I and achieving a diffuse reflection effect, so as to improve the contrast and image quality of the displayed image.

[0071] Among them, when the reflective liquid crystal display device displays a normal pattern, a common voltage is applied to the common electrode 13, and a grayscale voltage (0-255 grayscale) is applied to the pixel electrode 22, so that horizontal electric fields of different intensities are formed between the pixel electrode 22 and the common electrode 13, so as to drive the liquid crystal molecules 31 in the liquid crystal layer 30 to deflect in different amplitudes in the horizontal direction, thereby controlling the intensity of the reflected light and realizing normal display of the picture.

[0072] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the remaining structures and working principles of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, Embodiment 3, Embodiment 4, and Embodiment 5, and will not be described in detail here.

[0073] In this document, the directional words such as up, down, left, right, front, and back are defined by the positions of the structures in the drawings and the positions of the structures relative to each other, just for the sake of clarity and convenience in expressing the technical solution. It should be understood that the use of the directional words should not limit the scope of protection claimed in this application. It should also be understood that the terms "first" and "second" used in this document are only used to distinguish names and are not used to limit quantity and order.

[0074] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with this profession can make some changes or modifications to the technical contents disclosed above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which are equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reflective liquid crystal display device, characterized in that: The invention comprises an array substrate (20), an opposing substrate (10) arranged opposite to the array substrate (20), and a liquid crystal layer (30) located between the opposing substrate (10) and the array substrate (20); a polarization component (40) is provided on the opposing substrate (10); the polarization component (40) comprises a linear polarizer (41); and a first reflective layer (21) and pixel electrodes (22) distributed in an array are provided on the array substrate (20); The liquid crystal layer (30) comprises liquid crystal molecules (31) and nanoparticles (32) that are mixed with each other, the refractive index of the nanoparticles (32) being different from the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules (31), and the nanoparticles (32) and the liquid crystal molecules (31) cooperating with each other and being able to reflect and scatter light.

2. The reflective liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The counter substrate (10) is provided with a common electrode (13) cooperating with the pixel electrode (22); the liquid crystal molecules (31) are aligned parallel to the counter substrate (10) and the array substrate (20); the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules (31) on a side close to the counter substrate (10) and the alignment direction on a side close to the array substrate (20) are perpendicular to each other; and the liquid crystal layer (30) has a phase delay of λ / 4 in an initial state.

3. The reflective liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A common electrode (13) cooperating with the pixel electrode (22) is provided on the counter substrate (10); the liquid crystal molecules (31) are aligned perpendicular to the counter substrate (10) and the array substrate (20); when the liquid crystal molecules (31) are in a flat position, the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules (31) is at 45° to the light transmission axis of the linear polarizer (41); at this time, the liquid crystal layer (30) has a phase delay of λ / 4; Alternatively, the liquid crystal molecules (31) are aligned parallel to the opposing substrate (10) and the array substrate (20), the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules (31) on the side close to the opposing substrate (10) and the alignment direction on the side close to the array substrate (20) are parallel to each other, and the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules (31) is at 45° to the light transmission axis of the linear polarizer (41), and the liquid crystal layer (30) has a phase delay of λ / 4 in an initial state.

4. The reflective liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The array substrate (20) is provided with a common electrode (13) matched with the pixel electrode (22); the liquid crystal molecules (31) are aligned parallel to the counter substrate (10) and the array substrate (20); the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules (31) on the side close to the counter substrate (10) is parallel to the alignment direction on the side close to the array substrate (20); the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules (31) is at 45° to the light transmission axis of the linear polarizing plate (41); and the liquid crystal layer (30) has a phase delay of λ / 4 in an initial state.

5. The reflective liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The polarization component (40) comprises a quarter wave plate (42), the quarter wave plate (42) being located between the linear polarization plate (41) and the opposing substrate (10), the light transmission axis of the linear polarization plate (41) being at an angle of 45° to the fast and slow axis of the quarter wave plate (42).

6. A reflective liquid crystal display device, characterized in that: The invention comprises an array substrate (20), an opposing substrate (10) arranged opposite to the array substrate (20), and a liquid crystal layer (30) located between the opposing substrate (10) and the array substrate (20), wherein the array substrate (20) is provided with a first reflective layer (21) and pixel electrodes (22) distributed in an array, and the opposing substrate (10) is provided with a common electrode (13) cooperating with the pixel electrodes (22); The liquid crystal layer (30) comprises liquid crystal molecules (31), nanoparticles (32) and dye molecules (33) that are mixed with each other, the refractive index of the nanoparticles (32) is different from the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules (31), and the nanoparticles (32) and the liquid crystal molecules (31) cooperate with each other and are capable of reflecting and scattering light; The liquid crystal molecules (31) and the dye molecules (33) are aligned parallel to the opposing substrate (10) and the array substrate (20), and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules (31) and the dye molecules (33) on a side close to the opposing substrate (10) is perpendicular to the alignment direction on a side close to the array substrate (20).

7. The reflective liquid crystal display device according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The liquid crystal layer (30) comprises an afterglow luminous structure (34), and the afterglow luminous structure (34) is capable of emitting light after absorbing and storing light energy.

8. The reflective liquid crystal display device according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The pixel electrode (22) is made of a reflective material and is reused as the first reflective layer (21); A second reflective layer (23) is provided on the array substrate (20); the second reflective layer (23) is located at the edge of the pixel electrode (22) and separates a plurality of the pixel electrodes (22) from each other.

9. The reflective liquid crystal display device according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The refractive index of the nanoparticles (32) differs from the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules (31) by more than 0.1; And / or, the nanoparticles (32) are spherical or strip-shaped; And / or, the diameter of the nanoparticle (32) is 5 nm to 500 nm; And / or, the nanoparticles (32) are white or transparent.

10. The reflective liquid crystal display device according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The opposing substrate (10) is provided with a black matrix (11) and a color resist layer (12) corresponding to the pixel unit (P), and the black matrix (11) separates a plurality of the color resist layers (12) from one another; or, the opposing substrate (10) is provided with a black matrix (11) and a transparent area corresponding to the pixel unit (P), and the black matrix (11) separates a plurality of the transparent areas from one another.

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