Optimization method and system for planning design of skiing track

Abstract

The invention relates to an optimization method and system for planning and designing a skiing track, belongs to the technical field of construction engineering design, and solves the problem that the existing design is low in accuracy and processing efficiency. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a digital elevation model of an original terrain, and removing redundant points on each contour line to obtain a simplified digital elevation model of an original site; importing a simplified digital elevation model of an original terrain into Civil3D software, and generating an initial ski track curved surface by extracting a first contour line of a ski track; optimizing the position of a second contour line in the initial ski track curved surface to obtain an optimized ski track curved surface; stake numbers are arranged on the center line of the optimized snowtrack curved surface, and a snowtrack longitudinal and transverse section diagram is drawn. And high-precision and high-efficiency skiing track planning design is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of construction engineering design, and in particular to an optimization method and system for ski track planning and design. Background Art

[0002] With the popularity of winter sports, the construction of ski resorts has increased day by day, becoming an important force in promoting the development of winter tourism and sports industry. However, the design and planning of ski slopes is a complex process, especially the complex terrain conditions pose challenges to the design of ski slopes.

[0003] Under complex terrain conditions, traditional ski slope design methods often rely on the designer's experience and intuition. This method may not fully take into account all influencing factors, and it may be difficult to accurately measure and evaluate the impact of terrain on ski slope design, resulting in the designed ski slope may not meet the actual terrain conditions, increasing construction difficulty and cost.

[0004] Existing ski slope designs are increasingly using high-tech methods, such as geographic information systems, 3D modeling and simulation software, to improve the accuracy and efficiency of the design. However, existing software is slow in processing large amounts of data, cannot adapt to localized designs, and has low accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above analysis, the embodiments of the present invention aim to provide a ski track planning and design optimization method and system to solve the problems of low accuracy and processing efficiency of existing designs.

[0006] On the one hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for optimizing ski track planning and design, comprising the following steps: Obtaining a digital elevation model of the original terrain, and removing redundant points on each contour line to obtain a simplified digital elevation model of the original terrain; Import the simplified digital elevation model of the original terrain into Civil3D software, and generate the initial ski track surface by extracting the first contour line of the ski track; and obtain the optimized ski track surface by optimizing the position of the second contour line in the initial ski track surface. By setting stake numbers on the center line of the optimized snow track surface, the vertical and horizontal cross-section diagrams of the snow track are drawn.

[0007] Based on the further improvement of the above method, the redundant points on each contour line are removed, including: Get the point data on each contour line and arrange them in order; starting from the starting point in the sorted point data, calculate the vector between each pair of adjacent points and convert them into unit vectors; The angle between each two adjacent unit vectors is calculated. If the angle is less than a threshold, the common points in the point data corresponding to the two adjacent unit vectors are removed.

[0008] Based on the further improvement of the above method, the initial ski track surface is generated by extracting the contour lines of the ski track, including: Based on the simplified digital elevation model of the original terrain, all the first contour lines within the range of the ski track are extracted according to the set first contour interval; Create a surface object, use the first contour line as the feature line of the surface object, and use the design boundary of the ski track as the boundary of the surface object to generate an initial ski track surface.

[0009] Based on the further improvement of the above method, the position of the second contour line in the initial snow track surface is optimized, including: Fit the center line of the snow track to the initial snow track surface; Use the interpolation method to calculate the positions of each point corresponding to the second contour interval on the center line of the snow track; By calculating the perpendicular vectors between each point and the center line of the snow track, the position of the second contour line of the initial snow track surface is obtained; The snow track surface is regenerated according to the position of the second contour line to obtain an optimized snow track surface.

[0010] Based on further improvement of the above method, the contour interval of the first contour line is 5 meters or 10 meters; the contour interval of the second contour line is 1 meter.

[0011] Based on the further improvement of the above method, by setting the stake number on the center line of the optimized snow track surface, the vertical and horizontal cross-section diagram of the snow track is drawn, including: Based on the center line of the snow track, set the stake number according to the preset interval and obtain the position of each stake number; According to the position of each stake number, the corresponding original terrain elevation and designed terrain elevation are obtained, and the longitudinal section of the snow track is drawn; According to the position of each stake number, the direction perpendicular to the center line of the snow track is calculated, the ski track and the original terrain are divided in the direction, and the slope is drawn according to the slope parameters. The required data is obtained and marked to obtain the cross-section of the snow track.

[0012] Based on the further improvement of the above method, the perpendicular vector of each point to the center line of the snow track is calculated by calculating the first-order derivative of each point on the center line of the snow track to obtain the tangent vector of each point, and then calculating the perpendicular vector of each point based on the dot product of the tangent vector and the perpendicular vector being 0.

[0013] Based on a further improvement of the above method, the angle between each two adjacent unit vectors is calculated by the cross product between the two adjacent unit vectors.

[0014] Based on further improvement of the above method, the optimization method also includes: obtaining the area for calculating the earthwork volume from the optimized snow track surface, the area includes the surface boundary; covering the area with a rectangular grid, and constructing multiple Point3dCollection objects according to the four coordinates of each sub-rectangular area in the area, passing each Point3dCollection object into the GetBoundedVolumes function, and obtaining the SurfaceVolumeInfo object corresponding to each sub-rectangular area in turn, and obtaining the excavation volume, filling volume and net volume of the corresponding sub-rectangular area from the SurfaceVolumeInfo object; finally, the total excavation volume, total filling volume and total net volume of the area for calculating the earthwork volume are obtained by accumulation.

[0015] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides an optimization system for ski track planning and design, including: The DEM model simplification module is used to obtain the digital elevation model of the original terrain, and remove the redundant points on each contour line to obtain a simplified digital elevation model of the original terrain; The snow track surface optimization module is used to import the simplified digital elevation model of the original terrain into the Civil3D software, generate the initial snow track surface by extracting the first contour line of the ski track; and obtain the optimized snow track surface by optimizing the position of the second contour line in the initial snow track surface; The snow track design display module is used to draw the vertical and horizontal cross-section diagrams of the snow track by setting stake numbers on the center line of the snow track on the optimized snow track surface.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects: 1. By simplifying the redundant data in the contour lines, the DEM data is greatly reduced and the calculation speed is improved; the optimization of the snow track surface is completed by optimizing the contour lines step by step to ensure the accuracy of the design; through customized drawing of the snow track longitudinal and cross-sectional diagrams, it fits the localized design expression and makes the design results easier to understand and apply.

[0017] 2. By optimizing the calculation method of earthwork volume, ensure that the earthwork volume at the boundary is not lost and improve the authenticity of the data.

[0018] In the present invention, the above-mentioned technical solutions can also be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combination solutions. Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the subsequent description, and some advantages can become obvious from the description, or can be understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be achieved and obtained through the contents particularly pointed out in the description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The accompanying drawings are only used for the purpose of illustrating specific embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. In the entire drawings, the same reference symbols represent the same components; Figure 1 A flow chart of an optimization method for planning and designing a ski track in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the initial snow track surface in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the optimized snow track surface in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of the snow track in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a snow track in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings constitute a part of this application and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1 A specific embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for optimizing ski track planning and design. Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included: S1. Obtain a digital elevation model of the original terrain, and remove redundant points on each contour line to obtain a simplified digital elevation model of the original terrain.

[0022] It should be noted that the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) is a digital model used to represent ground elevation, which contains a large amount of surface morphological information, such as contour lines, slopes and slope directions. The more accurate the terrain depicted by the DEM, the larger the amount of data. If it is directly imported into the BIM software for engineering design, it will cause slow calculations and almost impossible to work. Therefore, this embodiment simplifies the DEM by removing redundant points on each contour line in the DEM, thereby improving the efficiency of subsequent calculations.

[0023] Specifically, remove redundant points on each contour line in the DEM, including: ① Get the point data on each contour line and arrange them in order; starting from the starting point in the sorted point data, calculate the vector between each pair of adjacent points and convert them into unit vectors; It should be noted that the vector between each pair of adjacent points is calculated according to the three-dimensional coordinates of each point on the contour line, and is converted into a unit vector according to the vector length.

[0024] ② Calculate the angle between each two adjacent unit vectors. If the angle is less than the threshold, remove the common points in the point data corresponding to the two adjacent unit vectors.

[0025] It should be noted that the angle between each two adjacent unit vectors is calculated by the cross product between the two adjacent unit vectors.

[0026] Specifically, the two unit vectors and The cross product of is expressed as: , The magnitude of the cross product is related to the product of the magnitudes of the vectors as follows: , because ,therefore, , Represents the angle between two unit vectors.

[0027] Furthermore, after obtaining the included angle using the inverse sine function, the included angle is converted from radians to degrees to obtain the included angle value, which is then compared with the threshold.

[0028] Since the cross product of two unit vectors represents the area of ​​the parallelogram formed by the two unit vectors, when the cross product of two unit vectors approaches 0, it means that the directions of the two unit vectors are closer. The closer it is to 0, the smaller the angle is. When the angle is less than a preset threshold, the common points in the point data corresponding to the two adjacent unit vectors are removed.

[0029] For example, for three points a, b, and c on the contour line, if the angle between the unit vectors of points a and b and the unit vectors of points b and c is less than a threshold, the common point b is removed.

[0030] This embodiment makes full use of the geometric meaning of vector cross product to greatly optimize the point data in DEM, and significantly reduces the amount of DEM data without losing accuracy. In actual application, the amount of simplified DEM data is reduced to 50.9% of the original.

[0031] S2. Import the simplified digital elevation model of the original terrain into Civil3D software, generate the initial ski track surface by extracting the first contour line of the ski track; and obtain the optimized ski track surface by optimizing the position of the second contour line in the initial ski track surface.

[0032] It should be noted that this step imports the simplified digital elevation model of the original terrain into Civil3D software for the design of the ski track. The design of the ski track is also a gradual refinement process. First, the initial ski track surface is generated by extracting the contour lines of the ski track, and then the contour lines of the ski track are further optimized to ensure the accuracy of the design.

[0033] Specifically, based on the simplified digital elevation model of the original terrain, all the first contour lines within the range of the ski track are extracted according to the set first contour interval; preferably, the contour interval of the first contour lines is set to 5 meters or 10 meters; a surface object is created, the first contour lines are used as feature lines of the surface object, and the design boundary of the ski track is used as the boundary of the surface object, and the initial ski track surface is generated using the command to create a surface in Civil3D software.

[0034] It is worth noting that the initial snow track surface will have distorted and uneven 1-meter contour lines, such as Figure 2 As shown in the figure. If manual adjustment is used, it will be time-consuming and labor-intensive. Therefore, this embodiment extends the function of Civil3D software to automatically adjust the position of the 1-meter contour line to optimize the initial snow track surface. The optimized snow track surface is as follows: Figure 3 shown.

[0035] Specifically, follow these steps to draw balanced and undistorted 1-meter contour lines: ① Use the route layout tool in Civil3D software to draw smooth straight lines and arcs on the initial snow track surface, ensure that there are no singular points on the center line, and fit the center line of the snow track; ② Set the second contour interval to 1 meter, and use the interpolation method to calculate the position of each point on the center line of the snow track corresponding to the second contour interval; ③ By calculating the perpendicular vectors between each point and the center line of the snow track, the position of the second contour line of the initial snow track surface is obtained; It should be noted that the calculation of the perpendicular vector between each point and the center line of the snow track is performed by calculating the first-order derivative of each point on the center line of the snow track to obtain the tangent vector of each point, and then calculating the perpendicular vector of each point based on the dot product of the tangent vector and the perpendicular vector being 0; According to the calculated vertical vector, the position of the second contour line is calculated with the contour interval as the interval; ④ Regenerate the snow track surface according to the position of the second contour line to obtain an optimized snow track surface.

[0036] S3. By setting stake numbers on the center line of the optimized snow track surface, the longitudinal and cross-sectional diagrams of the snow track are drawn.

[0037] It should be noted that the series of longitudinal and cross-sectional tools provided in the Civil3D software are not quite consistent with local drawing habits. This embodiment is expressed in accordance with local civil engineering drawing habits. By setting pile numbers on the center line of the snow track of the optimized snow track surface, the longitudinal and cross-sectional drawings of the snow track are customized, which makes it easier for construction units to quickly understand the drawings and facilitate construction.

[0038] Specifically, based on the center line of the snow track, the pile numbers are set at preset intervals, such as setting a pile number every 10 meters or 20 meters, and the position of each pile number is obtained; according to the position of each pile number, the corresponding original terrain elevation and design terrain elevation are obtained, and the longitudinal section of the snow track is drawn, such as Figure 4 shown.

[0039] Furthermore, according to the position of each stake number, the direction perpendicular to the center line of the snow track is calculated, the ski track and the original terrain are divided in this direction, and the slope is drawn according to the slope parameters, the required data is obtained and marked, and the cross section of the snow track is obtained, such as Figure 5 shown.

[0040] In addition, the calculation of earthwork volume in the localization package of Civil3D software has the problem of loss of boundary earthwork volume. For the earthwork volume of a larger site, the loss of boundary earthwork volume has little effect on the earthwork volume of the entire site. However, the width of the ski track is not very wide, and the boundary earthwork volume accounts for 20%~40% of the total project earthwork volume. Once lost, the actual earthwork volume of the entire project will be seriously inconsistent with the actual earthwork volume, causing serious deviations in the investment budget.

[0041] In this embodiment, an area for calculating earthwork volume is obtained from an optimized snow track surface, and the area includes a surface boundary; the area is covered with a rectangular grid, such as a 10m×10m or 20m×20m grid, and multiple Point3dCollection objects are constructed according to the four coordinates of each sub-rectangular area in the area, and each Point3dCollection object is passed into a GetBoundedVolumes function to obtain the SurfaceVolumeInfo object corresponding to each sub-rectangular area in turn, and the excavation volume, filling volume and net volume of the corresponding sub-rectangular area are obtained from the SurfaceVolumeInfo object; finally, the total excavation volume, total filling volume and total net volume of the area for calculating earthwork volume are obtained by accumulation; and the earthwork volume of the area is obtained according to the absolute value of the total net volume.

[0042] It should be noted that the Point3dCollection class is a collection class in the .NET Framework, which is used to store vertex sets defined by the Point3d structure, and the first vertex in the vertex set is the same as the last vertex, ensuring that the represented sub-area is closed; the GetBoundedVolumes method is a method of the Surface class in the .NET API of Civil3D. This method receives a Point3dCollection (containing points that define the vertices of the polygonal area) and an optional elevation reference point. If the elevation reference point is not passed in, the default value is 0; this method returns a SurfaceVolumeInfo object, and obtains the cut volume, fill volume and net volume of the sub-rectangular area through the cut volume Cut, fill volume Fill and net volume Net properties.

[0043] It should be emphasized that when calculating the earthwork volume, the entire optimized snow track surface is first divided into multiple areas for earthwork volume calculation, and the calculation is performed separately to reduce the amount of calculation and greatly improve the calculation speed. In addition, it is ensured that the area for calculating the earthwork volume includes the surface boundary and is covered with a rectangular grid to ensure that the earthwork volume at the boundary is not lost, thereby improving the authenticity of the data.

[0044] Preferably, after the ski track is planned and designed using Civil3D software, in order to improve the visualization effect, the original terrain surface, snow track surface, snow track slope surface, and various retaining wall components of the ski track in Civil3D software are exported as CAD files, and then the exported CAD files are imported into SketchUp software for rendering, so as to intuitively display the filling and excavation thickness and range, which has a direct guiding role in the qualitative analysis of the ski track. In other words, the Civil3D+SketchUp combination mode includes both the Civil3D digital model that is convenient for design adjustment and later construction and operation, and the SketchUp model that is convenient for intuitive analysis and display, which improves the design visualization ability of the ski track.

[0045] It should be noted that the combined model is not limited to Civil3D and SketchUp. Depending on the project situation, Civil3D can also be flexibly combined with BIM software such as Revit, Infraworks, Navisworks, and Catia.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the optimization method for ski track planning and design provided in this embodiment greatly reduces DEM data and improves calculation speed by simplifying redundant data in contour lines; optimizes the snow track surface by optimizing contour lines step by step to ensure the accuracy of the design; customizes the drawing of the longitudinal and cross-sectional views of the snow track to fit the localized design expression and make the design results easier to understand and apply; optimizes the calculation method of earthwork volume to ensure that the earthwork volume at the boundary is not lost, thereby improving the authenticity of the data.

[0047] Example 2 Another embodiment of the present invention discloses a ski track planning and design optimization system, thereby realizing a ski track planning and design optimization method in embodiment 1. The specific implementation of each module refers to the corresponding description in embodiment 1. The system includes: The DEM model simplification module is used to obtain the digital elevation model of the original terrain, and remove the redundant points on each contour line to obtain a simplified digital elevation model of the original terrain; The snow track surface optimization module is used to import the simplified digital elevation model of the original terrain into the Civil3D software, generate the initial snow track surface by extracting the first contour line of the ski track; and obtain the optimized snow track surface by optimizing the position of the second contour line in the initial snow track surface; The snow track design display module is used to draw the vertical and horizontal cross-section diagrams of the snow track by setting stake numbers on the center line of the snow track on the optimized snow track surface.

[0048] Since the optimization system for ski track planning and design in this embodiment and the optimization method for ski track planning and design described above can be mutually referenced, it is a repeated description here, so it will not be repeated here. Since the principles of this system embodiment and the above method embodiment are the same, this system embodiment also has the corresponding technical effects of the above method embodiment.

[0049] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the processes of the above-mentioned embodiments can be implemented by instructing related hardware through a computer program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium is a disk, an optical disk, a read-only storage memory, or a random access memory, etc.

[0050] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ski track planning and design optimization method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Acquire a digital elevation model of the original terrain, and remove redundant points on each contour line to obtain a simplified digital elevation model of the original terrain; Importing the simplified digital elevation model of the original terrain into Civil3D software, generating an initial ski track surface by extracting the first contour line of the ski track; and obtaining an optimized ski track surface by optimizing the position of the second contour line in the initial ski track surface; By setting stake numbers on the center line of the snow track of the optimized snow track curved surface, the vertical and horizontal cross-sectional views of the snow track are drawn.

2. The optimization method for ski track planning and design according to claim 1, characterized in that: The removing of redundant points on each contour line comprises: Get the point data on each contour line and arrange them in order; starting from the starting point in the sorted point data, calculate the vector between each pair of adjacent points and convert them into unit vectors; The angle between each two adjacent unit vectors is calculated. If the angle is smaller than a threshold, the common points in the point data corresponding to the two adjacent unit vectors are removed.

3. The optimization method for ski track planning and design according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of generating an initial ski track surface by extracting the contour lines of the ski track includes: Based on the simplified digital elevation model of the original terrain, all the first contour lines within the range of the ski track are extracted according to the set first contour interval; Create a surface object, use the first contour line as the feature line of the surface object, and use the design boundary of the ski track as the boundary of the surface object to generate an initial ski track surface.

4. The optimization method for ski track planning and design according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step of optimizing the position of the second contour line in the initial snow track surface comprises: Fitting the initial snow track curved surface to obtain a snow track centerline; Use the interpolation method to calculate the positions of each point corresponding to the second contour interval on the center line of the snow track; By calculating the perpendicular vectors between each point and the center line of the snow track, the position of the second contour line of the initial snow track surface is obtained; The snow track surface is regenerated according to the position of the second contour line to obtain an optimized snow track surface.

5. The optimization method for ski track planning and design according to claim 4, characterized in that: The contour interval of the first contour line is 5 meters or 10 meters; the contour interval of the second contour line is 1 meter.

6. The ski track planning and design optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of drawing a longitudinal and transverse section of the snow track by setting a stake number on the center line of the snow track of the optimized snow track curved surface includes: Based on the center line of the snow track, set the stake number according to the preset interval and obtain the position of each stake number; According to the position of each stake number, the corresponding original terrain elevation and designed terrain elevation are obtained, and the longitudinal section of the snow track is drawn; According to the position of each stake number, the direction perpendicular to the center line of the snow track is calculated, the ski track and the original terrain are divided in the direction, and the slope is drawn according to the slope parameters, the required data is obtained and marked, and the cross section of the snow track is obtained.

7. The ski track planning and design optimization method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The calculation of the perpendicular vectors between each point and the center line of the snow track is performed by calculating the first-order derivative of each point on the center line of the snow track to obtain the tangent vector of each point, and then calculating the perpendicular vector of each point based on the dot product of the tangent vector and the perpendicular vector being 0.

8. The ski track planning and design optimization method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angle between each two adjacent unit vectors is calculated by calculating the cross product between the two adjacent unit vectors.

9. The ski track planning and design optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optimization method also includes: obtaining an area for calculating earthwork volume from the optimized snow track surface, wherein the area includes a surface boundary; covering the area with a rectangular grid, constructing multiple Point3dCollection objects according to the four coordinates of each sub-rectangular area in the area, passing each Point3dCollection object into a GetBoundedVolumes function, obtaining the SurfaceVolumeInfo object corresponding to each sub-rectangular area in turn, and obtaining the excavation volume, filling volume and net volume of the corresponding sub-rectangular area from the SurfaceVolumeInfo object; and finally obtaining the total excavation volume, total filling volume and total net volume of the area for calculating earthwork volume by accumulation.

10. An optimization system for ski track planning and design, characterized in that: include: The DEM model simplification module is used to obtain the digital elevation model of the original terrain, and remove the redundant points on each contour line to obtain a simplified digital elevation model of the original terrain; The snow track surface optimization module is used to import the simplified digital elevation model of the original terrain into the Civil3D software, generate the initial snow track surface by extracting the first contour line of the ski track; and obtain the optimized snow track surface by optimizing the position of the second contour line in the initial snow track surface; The snow track design display module is used to draw the vertical and horizontal cross-section diagrams of the snow track by setting stake numbers on the center line of the snow track on the optimized snow track surface.

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