Method for judging bidding price competitiveness of bill of quantity by adopting quotation deviation

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of data processing systems or methods specially suitable for administrative, commercial, financial, management, supervision or prediction purposes, in particular to a method for judging bidding price competitiveness of a bill of quantity by adopting quotation deviation. A method for judging bidding price competitiveness of an engineering quantity list by adopting quotation deviation comprises the following steps: I, data input, II, data analysis and processing and III, data output, and is characterized in that the step II is implemented according to the following steps: II. Preprocessing; iI. Carrying out quotation deviation analysis; and II. 3, competitive judgment. The method is rapid and accurate in judgment and high in adaptability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of data processing systems or methods specifically suitable for administrative, commercial, financial, management, supervisory or forecasting purposes, and in particular to a method for judging the competitiveness of a bill of quantities bidding price by using a bid deviation. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, in addition to compliance requirements in the field of bidding, further requirements have been put forward on whether the bidding price is competitive. At present, there is no effective method to judge price competitiveness. The competitive analysis of the bidding price of the bill of quantities often relies on manual judgment and experience estimation, which is time-consuming and error-prone, and can hardly meet the efficient and accurate requirements of modern construction project bidding.

[0003] In the field of engineering bidding, the tenderer needs to conduct an in-depth and detailed evaluation of the rationality and competitiveness of the bill of quantities quotations submitted by the bidders. At present, the common technical means in the industry mostly focus on manual comparison and empirical judgment. These evaluation methods have significant shortcomings, mainly manifested in low efficiency and high error rate. There are also some methods that use specific algorithms to conduct preliminary screening and evaluation of bill of quantities quotations. Although this method has been effective in improving evaluation efficiency, it has limitations such as poor adaptability. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an evaluation method with fast, accurate and strong adaptability, the present invention discloses a method for judging the competitiveness of the bidding price of the bill of quantities by using the quotation deviation.

[0005] The present invention achieves the purpose of the invention through the following technical solutions: A method for judging the competitiveness of bidding price of bill of quantities by using bid deviation, comprising: I. data input, II. data analysis and processing, and III. data output, characterized in that the method is implemented in sequence according to the following steps: I. Data input: receiving bidder quotation data from all parties, including: historical bidding and winning records of each bidder, and tender bill of quantities that require competitive analysis; II. Data analysis and processing: This module conducts a comprehensive and detailed analysis of the data, and conducts in-depth cleaning, parsing and storage of the input data for quotation deviation analysis and comparison. It is implemented in three steps: II.1 Pre-processing: parse the bidder's quotation list details and the corresponding total quotation amount into the database. After receiving the historical bid winning data from the bidding system, parse the bidder's bid list details into the database by bidding section, and automatically precipitate the list comprehensive unit price market price as the price source for competitive analysis matching; II.2 Analysis of bid deviation: Set the deviation coefficient M and the competitive analysis qualified percentage R, and by comparing the bidder's list details with the highest bid price limit or the average price ratio of the bidder's list details in this bidding section, screen out the parts of each bidder's list details within the deviation range and summarize them to obtain the total amount within the deviation range; if the ratio of the total amount within the deviation range of all bidders / the total bid price is less than the set competitive analysis qualified percentage R, then the project is directly judged to be uncompetitive and the analysis work ends; II.3 Competitiveness judgment: If there is one or more bidders whose total amount is not less than R, the project bid is judged to have preliminary competition, and further verification is carried out in combination with the market price, that is, further extract the sub-items with a total amount percentage of P in the bid list of each bidder within the deviation range of the first step for analysis, first match these sub-item list details with historical bid winning data and obtain the market price, and compare them with the bidder's list quotation; similarly, use the deviation coefficient M set in the first step as the judgment condition, filter out the list details within the deviation range, and summarize the amount; if the list summary amount of each bidder within the deviation range is compared with the total amount of the extracted list, as long as one of them is not less than R, then the project is judged to be competitive, otherwise it is judged to be non-competitive; III Data output: The results of the analysis and processing module are presented to users in the form of analysis reports and analysis detail attachments. These reports and attachments not only contain detailed data analysis results, but also provide intuitive charts and interpretations to help users better understand the competitive situation of the project and provide strong support for decision-making.

[0006] The method of judging the competitiveness of the bidding price of the bill of quantities by using the bid deviation is characterized by: In step I, the input data is divided into three data sources: i. After receiving the information reported by the bidders, the bidding system obtains it through the preset interface. ii. The bidding bill of quantities or the maximum bid price data shall be uploaded by professional cost estimators or tendering engineers. iii. Stored historical bid winning data; In step II.1, the received data is first cleaned, invalid list details are removed, and then stored in the highest bid limit price list details table. In step II.2, the value of M ranges from 0.7 to 1.3, and R is set to 60%. In step II.3, P is set to 30%, and the judgment steps are as follows: According to the market price matching principle and calculation method, set the screening conditions of historical prices, including project area, time, list fee type, project name, calculation method, project category, and comprehensive unit price type, among which: Project area: Try to choose the same area as the analysis section. List fee type: comprehensive unit price of all costs, including unit price with or without taxes, unit price with or without fees, etc. Calculation method: average price, average price excluding the highest and lowest prices, lowest price, etc. Comprehensive unit price matching mode: Match by list number, or match by list number + name. The matching method can be any one of the following i~iii: i. Match by list number: Based on the first nine digits of the list number, select N (default is 50) lists with the same first nine digits from the historical winning lists as matching items. This matching method only considers the list number. ii. Fuzzy matching by list number + name: In addition to the first nine digits of the number must be the same, the name is also matched. The names here include "list name" and "project characteristics". By segmenting and scoring "list name" and "project characteristics", the top N (default is 50) lists that best match are fuzzy found as matching items. iii. Strong match by list number + name: In addition to the first nine digits of the number must be the same, the name match is added. The names here include "list name" and "project characteristics". By segmenting and scoring the "list name" and "project characteristics", the top N (default is 50) lists that best match are fuzzy found as matching items. It is further determined that the "list name" must be completely the same, that is, the name is strongly matched, that is, the first nine digits of the list number are exactly the same, the list name is exactly the same, and the top N (default is 50) lists with the most matching project characteristics are used as matching items. Method iii adds the exact match operation on the basis of method ii. According to the set screening conditions, filter and match the historical unit prices of each list item, and calculate the list market price according to the calculation method set by the cost estimator. Automatic matching and manual intervention: For the market price calculated from the matched historical winning bid price details, the cost estimator can remove the list that does not meet the project characteristics or other requirements according to the project characteristics. The removed list will not be included in the calculation to recalculate the new market price. For the sub-items that are not automatically matched to the market price, manual intervention is performed to apply the highest bid limit price to the market price, or manually fill in a market price; The matching is completed and a new market price is generated; After the extracted list matches the market price, it is compared with the bidder's list, and the list details within the deviation range are screened and summarized; Then, a two-step conclusion is drawn based on the summary results. If the list summary amount within the deviation range of each bidder is not less than the set R compared with the total amount of the extracted list, this method determines that the project is competitive; on the contrary, if the list summary amount within the deviation range of each bidder is less than the set R, this method determines that the project is non-competitive. In step III, the evaluation results will be presented in the form of tables or charts.

[0007] The present invention discloses an evaluation method based on the quotation deviation method, which uses a two-step method to judge the competitiveness of the bidding price of the bill of quantities. The present invention realizes accurate evaluation of the quotation of the bill of quantities by accurately calculating the quotation deviation, thereby significantly improving the accuracy and efficiency of the evaluation.

[0008] The present invention is applicable to any bill of quantities bidding project, and is not limited to price files generated by various software, and can be applicable to projects in the bidding format of EXCEL or XML.

[0009] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: By deeply analyzing the historical project bid price data in the engineering cost database, we are able to conduct a comprehensive and detailed market competitiveness analysis. This initiative aims to provide the majority of tendering and purchasing units with an evaluation of whether the procurement price is competitive, thereby achieving effective control of project procurement costs and significantly improving procurement benefits.

[0010] In terms of improving evaluation efficiency, we have significantly optimized the competitive evaluation process of bill of quantities quotations with the help of automated processing and analysis technology, greatly reduced the complexity of manual operations, and effectively reduced the occurrence of human errors.

[0011] In terms of accuracy, we use the quotation deviation analysis method and conduct two deviation analyses. This enables in-depth analysis and precise judgment, and can more accurately evaluate the competitiveness of the bid price, thereby effectively avoiding the errors that may be caused by traditional manual judgment methods.

[0012] The present invention also has good flexibility and can be customized and optimized according to the actual needs of different projects to meet the evaluation needs of various projects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The present invention is further described below by means of specific examples. Example

[0015] A method for judging the competitiveness of bidding prices of bill of quantities by using bid deviations, including: I. data input, II. data analysis and processing, and III. data output. In the design of the software, according to the steps of the judgment method, it is divided into three core modules, namely, a data input module for realizing data input, a data analysis and processing module for realizing data analysis and processing, and a data output module for realizing data output. These modules work together to efficiently complete various data processing and analysis tasks. The flowchart of each module when running is as follows Figure 1 shown.

[0016] First of all, the data input module plays a vital role. It can automatically receive bidder quotation data from all parties, including the historical bidding and winning records of each bidder, as well as the bidding bill of quantities (maximum bid price limit) that requires competitive analysis. The design of this module ensures the integrity and accuracy of the data, providing a solid data foundation for subsequent analysis.

[0017] Next, the analysis and processing module conducts in-depth cleaning, analysis and storage of the data. This module conducts a comprehensive and detailed analysis of the data. After the data preprocessing is completed, this analysis process is divided into two steps to conduct quotation deviation analysis and comparison.

[0018] Step 1: Set the deviation coefficient M, which is usually in the range of 0.7 to 1.3. By comparing the bidder's list details with the highest bid price limit ratio (or the average price ratio of the bidder's list details in this bidding section), the analysis and processing module can screen out the parts of each bidder's list details within the deviation range, and summarize them to obtain the total amount within the deviation range. If the ratio of the total amount within the deviation range of all bidders / the total amount of the bid quotation is less than the set competitive analysis qualification percentage R, which is usually set to 60%, the project is directly judged to be non-competitive, and the analysis work ends.

[0019] Step 2: If the total amount of one or more bidders is not less than R, the project bid is judged to have preliminary competition, and the deviation analysis in the second step is further verified in combination with the market price. At this stage, the analysis and processing module will further extract the sub-items with a total amount percentage of P in the bid quotation details of the sub-item bill of quantities within the deviation range of each bidder for analysis, and P is usually 30%. First, these sub-item list details are matched with historical bid winning data to obtain the market price, and then compared with the bidder's list quotation. Similarly, using M set in the first step as the judgment condition, filter out the list details within the deviation range and summarize the amount. If the list summary amount within the deviation range of each bidder is compared with the total amount of the extracted list, as long as one of them is not less than R, the project is judged to be competitive; otherwise, it is judged to be non-competitive.

[0020] Finally, the output module presents the results obtained by the analysis and processing module to the user in the form of analysis reports and analysis detail attachments. These reports and attachments not only contain detailed data analysis results, but also provide intuitive charts and interpretations to help users better understand the competitive situation of the project and provide strong support for decision-making.

[0021] The specific steps are as follows: I. Data Input: The input data is divided into three data sources: i. After receiving the information reported by the bidders of the bidding section, the bidding and evaluation system will accurately transmit the detailed data of the bidder’s quotation list to the analysis and processing module through the preset interface for subsequent data processing and analysis.

[0022] ii. Regarding the bidding bill of quantities or the maximum bid price data, this part of information will be uploaded by professional cost estimators or tenderers. The format of the maximum bid price details supports multiple types, including but not limited to EXCEL, XML, etc., to ensure the diversity and flexibility of the data.

[0023] iii. After completing the bid opening process of the historical bid winning data, the bidding system will automatically pass the data to the analysis and processing module. This step ensures the timeliness and accuracy of the historical bid winning data, providing strong support for subsequent data analysis and decision-making.

[0024] II. Data analysis and processing: II.1 Data Preprocessing: After receiving the bidder's quotation data, the analysis and processing module automatically parses and stores the bidder's quotation list details and the corresponding total quotation amount. After receiving the historical bid winning data from the bidding system, the bidding section parses and stores the bidder's bid list details, and automatically precipitates the list comprehensive unit price market price as the price source for competitive analysis matching; After receiving the highest bid limit price list details, you need to clean the data first, remove empty lines, invalid list details such as no list numbers, and store them in the highest bid limit price list details table to facilitate comparison with subsequent bidder quotation list details and further analysis and comparison after matching the market price.

[0025] II.2 Quotation deviation analysis: Parameter setting: Set the deviation coefficient M and the competitive analysis qualified percentage R. The value range of M is between 0.7 and 1.3, and R is 60%. It can be adjusted according to the actual situation of the project or regional characteristics; Qualified list screening: first determine whether there is a price limit for the list details. If there is a price limit for the list details, use the price limit. If not, take the average price of the list details of the bidders in this bidding section as the basis for comparison with the bidder's quotation list details. The deviation within the range of M is considered a qualified list; Competitive analysis qualified percentage calculation and preliminary conclusion: the analysis and processing module selects the qualified list of each bidder's list details within the range of M, and summarizes the qualified list to obtain the total amount; if the total amount within the deviation range of all bidders is less than the set R compared with the total bid amount, the project is directly judged to be uncompetitive and the analysis work ends; if there is one or more bidders whose total amount is not less than M, it is preliminarily judged to be competitive and the bid deviation analysis verification continues; The analysis and processing module will further extract the sub-items with a total amount percentage P in the quotation details of the bill of quantities of each bidder within the one-step deviation range for analysis, with P set at 30%. First, these list details will be matched with the historical bid winning data to obtain the market price; Market price matching principle and calculation method: First set the screening conditions for historical prices, including project area, time, list fee type, project name, calculation method, project category, comprehensive unit price type, etc.: Project area: Try to choose the same area as the analysis section; List fee type: comprehensive unit price of all fees (including / excluding taxes), (including / excluding fees), etc.; Calculation method: average price, average price without the highest and lowest prices, lowest price, etc. Comprehensive unit price matching mode: list number; list number + name, matching method is any one of the following i~iii: i. Match by list number: Based on the first nine digits of the list number, select N (default is 50) lists with the same first nine digits in the historical winning list as matching items. This matching method only considers the list number. ii. Fuzzy matching by list number + name: In addition to the first nine digits of the number must be the same, the name is also matched. The names here include "list name" and "project characteristics". By segmenting and scoring "list name" and "project characteristics", the top N (default is 50) lists that best match are fuzzy found as matching items. iii. Strong match by list number + name: In addition to the first nine digits of the number must be the same, the name match is added. The names here include "list name" and "project characteristics". By segmenting and scoring the "list name" and "project characteristics", the top N (default is 50) lists that best match are fuzzy found as matching items. It is further determined that the "list name" must be completely the same, that is, the name is strongly matched, that is, the first nine digits of the list number are exactly the same, the list name is exactly the same, and the top N (default is 50) lists with the most matching project characteristics are used as matching items. Method iii adds the exact match operation on the basis of method ii. The system automatically filters and matches the historical unit prices of each list item according to the set filtering conditions, and calculates the list market price according to the calculation method set by the cost estimator; Automatic matching and manual intervention: For the market price calculated from the matched historical winning bid price details, the cost engineer can remove the list that does not meet the characteristics of the project or other requirements according to the characteristics of the project. The removed list will not be included in the calculation to recalculate the new market price. For the sub-items that are not automatically matched to the market price, the cost engineer can manually intervene and apply the highest bid limit price to the market price, or manually fill in a market price; Generate new market price after matching: After the list matching is completed, the new market price is automatically calculated and generated. This process is not a simple data stacking, but is based on rich historical price data, precise screening conditions and professional intervention of cost engineers. The system will first comprehensively analyze historical price data to understand the fluctuation trend and law of market prices to ensure that the newly generated market price has solid data support. At the same time, the system will further refine the price calculation according to the screening conditions set by the user, such as project area, list fee type, calculation method, etc. In this process, the intervention of cost estimators plays a vital role. With their rich industry experience and professional knowledge, they make necessary adjustments and optimizations to the market price automatically generated by the system to ensure that the price is in line with market conditions and fully considers the actual needs of the project. In this way, the newly generated market price is both scientific and reasonable, and can reflect the uniqueness and difference of the project; Extracted list comparison summary: After the extracted list matches the market price, it is compared with the bidder's list. This process aims to find the difference between each bidder's list and the market price, so as to provide a basis for subsequent analysis and judgment. During the comparison process, the system will use M set in the first step as the judgment condition. M is a threshold set by the user based on the actual situation and requirements of the project, which is used to measure the reasonable deviation range between the list and the market price. Through comparison, the system will filter out the list details within the deviation range and summarize them. These list details will serve as an important basis for subsequent analysis, helping users understand the quotation of each bidder and the degree of difference between them and the market price.

[0026] II.3 Competitive Judgment: After the list comparison and summary is completed, the software will draw a two-step conclusion based on the summary results. Specifically, if the list summary amount within the deviation range of each bidder is greater than or equal to the set competitive threshold R compared with the total amount of the extracted list, this method determines that the project is competitive, which means that there is at least one bidder in the market whose quotation is not much different from the market price and has a certain degree of competitiveness. In this case, the user can further consider factors such as the technical solutions of each bidder for comprehensive evaluation and selection; On the contrary, if the total amount of the list within the deviation range of each bidder is less than the set R, this method judges that the project is non-competitive, which usually means a lack of competitive quotations or a large difference between the quotations of each bidder and the market price. In this case, the user may need to reconsider the project's pricing strategy, bidding conditions, etc. to attract more competitive bidders to participate.

[0027] III. Data Output: Based on the analysis results of the bid deviation method, this method implements the output of the competitive evaluation report of the bid price and the relevant analysis details attachment. The evaluation results will be presented in intuitive forms such as tables and charts, which is convenient for the purchaser to quickly review, understand and conduct in-depth analysis, providing strong support for bidding decisions.

Claims

1. A method for judging the competitiveness of bidding prices in bill of quantities by using bid deviation, comprising: I. Data input, II. Data analysis and processing, and III. Data output, characterized by being implemented in sequence according to the following steps: I. Data input: receiving bidder quotation data from all parties, including: historical bidding and winning records of each bidder, and tender bill of quantities that require competitive analysis; II. Data analysis and processing: This module conducts a comprehensive and detailed analysis of the data, and conducts in-depth cleaning, parsing and storage of the input data for quotation deviation analysis and comparison. It is implemented in three steps: II.1 Preprocessing: parse the bidder's quotation list details and the corresponding total quotation amount into the database. After receiving the historical bid winning data from the bidding system, parse the bidder's bid list details into the database and automatically precipitate them into the comprehensive unit price market price of the list as the price source for competitive analysis and matching; II.2 Analysis of bid deviation: Set the deviation coefficient M and the competitive analysis qualified percentage R, and by comparing the bidder's list details with the highest bid price limit or the average price ratio of the bidder's list details in this bidding section, screen out the parts of each bidder's list details within the deviation range and summarize them to obtain the total amount within the deviation range; if the ratio of the total amount within the deviation range of all bidders / the total bid price is less than the set competitive analysis qualified percentage R, then the project is directly judged to be uncompetitive and the analysis work ends; II.3 Competitiveness judgment: If there is one or more bidders whose total amount is not less than R, the project bid is judged to have preliminary competition, and further verification is carried out in combination with the market price, that is, further extract the sub-items with a total amount percentage of P in the bid list of each bidder within the deviation range of the first step for analysis, first match these sub-item list details with historical bid winning data and obtain the market price, and compare them with the bidder's list quotation; similarly, use the deviation coefficient M set in the first step as the judgment condition, filter out the list details within the deviation range, and summarize the amount; if the list summary amount of each bidder within the deviation range is compared with the total amount of the extracted list, as long as one of them is not less than R, then the project is judged to be competitive, otherwise it is judged to be non-competitive; III Data output: The results of the analysis and processing module are presented to users in the form of analysis reports and analysis detail attachments. These reports and attachments not only contain detailed data analysis results, but also provide intuitive charts and interpretations to help users better understand the competitive situation of the project and provide strong support for decision-making.

2. The method for judging the competitiveness of the bidding price of the bill of quantities by using the bid deviation as claimed in claim 1 is characterized by: In step I, the input data is divided into three data sources: i. After receiving the information reported by the bidders, the bidding system obtains it through the preset interface. ii. The bidding bill of quantities or the maximum bid price data shall be uploaded by professional cost estimators or tendering engineers. iii. Stored historical bid winning data; In step II.1, the received data is first cleaned, invalid list details are removed, and then stored in the highest bid limit price list details table. In step II.2, the value of M ranges from 0.7 to 1.3, and R is set to 60%. In step II.3, P is set to 30%, and the judgment steps are as follows: According to the market price matching principle and calculation method, set the screening conditions of historical prices, including project area, time, list fee type, project name, calculation method, project category, and comprehensive unit price type, among which: Project area: Try to choose the same area as the analysis section. List fee type: comprehensive unit price of all costs, including unit price with or without taxes, unit price with or without fees, etc. Calculation method: average price, average price excluding the highest and lowest prices, lowest price, Comprehensive unit price matching mode: Match by list number, or match by list number + name. The matching method can be any one of the following i~iii: i. Match by list number: Based on the first nine digits of the list number, select N (default is 50) lists with the same first nine digits from the historical winning lists as matching items. This matching method only considers the list number. ii. Fuzzy matching by list number + name: In addition to the first nine digits of the number must be the same, the name is also matched. The names here include "list name" and "project characteristics". By segmenting and scoring "list name" and "project characteristics", the top N (default is 50) lists that best match are fuzzy found as matching items. iii. Strong match by list number + name: In addition to the first nine digits of the number must be the same, the name is also matched. The name here includes "list name" and "project characteristics". By segmenting and scoring the "list name" and "project characteristics", the top N (default is 50) lists that best match are fuzzy found as matching items. It is further determined that the "list name" must be completely the same, that is, the name is strongly matched, that is, the first nine digits of the list number are exactly the same, the list name is exactly the same, and the top N (default is 50) lists with the most matching project characteristics are matched as matching items; According to the set screening conditions, filter and match the historical unit prices of each list item, and calculate the list market price according to the calculation method set by the cost estimator. Automatic matching and manual intervention: For the market price calculated from the matched historical winning bid price details, the cost engineer can remove the list that does not meet the characteristics of the project or other requirements according to the project characteristics. The removed list will not be included in the calculation to recalculate the new market price. For the sub-items that are not automatically matched to the market price, manual intervention is performed to apply the highest bid limit price to the market price, or manually fill in a market price; The matching is completed and a new market price is generated; After the extracted list matches the market price, it is compared with the bidder's list, and the list details within the deviation range are screened and summarized; Then, a two-step conclusion is drawn based on the summary results. If the list summary amount within the deviation range of each bidder is not less than the set R compared with the total amount of the extracted list, this method determines that the project is competitive; on the contrary, if the list summary amount within the deviation range of each bidder is less than the set R, this method determines that the project is non-competitive. In step III, the evaluation results will be presented in the form of tables or charts.

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