Positioning puncture device for spinal surgery

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of guided puncture, and particularly discloses a spinal surgery positioning puncture device which comprises a bed table, an X-axis translation assembly is arranged on the back side of the edge of the bed table, a moving platform of the X-axis translation assembly upwards penetrates through the bed table and then is provided with a Y-axis translation assembly, and a moving platform of the Y-axis translation assembly is provided with a Z-axis lifting assembly. A mounting rod is fixedly arranged on a lifting platform of the Z-axis lifting assembly, a supporting square frame is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the mounting rod, a needle inserting angle deflection mechanism is arranged on one side of the upper end of the supporting square frame, a needle inserting angle adjusting mechanism is arranged on the inner side of the upper end of the supporting square frame, and a depth locking mechanism is arranged between the needle inserting angle adjusting mechanism and the needle inserting angle deflection mechanism. A position precise judgment mechanism is arranged on the lower side of the depth locking mechanism, and a needle inserting distance locking mechanism is arranged on one side of the position precise judgment mechanism. The device can ensure that the puncture needle always points to a target puncture point no matter how the angle changes, and the device is further integrated with a needle insertion distance locking mechanism, so that the correct needle insertion depth can be locked.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of guided puncture, and specifically refers to a positioning puncture device for spinal surgery. Background Art

[0002] Spinal puncture is widely used in modern medicine, covering multiple fields such as diagnosis and treatment, such as epidural anesthesia, nerve block, intradiscal drug injection and biopsy. Accurate puncture positioning is the key to ensuring the safety and effectiveness of the operation, which directly affects the patient's prognosis and recovery. At present, ultrasound-guided spinal puncture technology has become the mainstream method in clinical practice. Compared with traditional puncture methods based on anatomical landmarks or fluoroscopic guidance, it has the advantages of real-time imaging, no radiation, and easy operation.

[0003] The traditional ultrasound-guided spinal puncture process is usually as follows: the patient takes a side-lying position, the operator places the ultrasound probe perpendicular to the long axis of the spine, and adjusts the probe position to obtain a clear cross-sectional image of the spine. When the target puncture point (such as the target intervertebral disc) is located in the center of the ultrasound image, the operator marks the skin surface. The marked point theoretically represents the ideal insertion point of the puncture needle. At this time, the ultrasound image can show the distance of the puncture target point perpendicular to the patient's back skin surface, providing a reference for the puncture depth. The doctor then inserts the puncture needle from the marked point and adjusts the angle and depth of the puncture needle by observing the ultrasound image in real time until the expected puncture position is reached. However, the above method has some inherent defects.

[0004] The complexity of the spinal anatomical structure makes puncture path planning difficult: the human spine is not a simple straight structure, especially in the thoracic and lumbar segments, the vertebral spinous process is not perpendicular to the skin surface, but presents a certain tilt angle, which gradually increases from the head to the tail. The ideal puncture path usually needs to be consistent with the tilt direction of the spinous process to avoid damaging the surrounding bone tissue and neural structure. This means that the insertion direction of the puncture needle is not simply perpendicular to the skin surface, but needs to be adjusted according to the individual anatomical differences of the patient. Usually, an inclined path at a certain angle to the long axis of the spine is required so that the puncture needle can accurately pass through the target intervertebral space. Therefore, simply inserting the needle vertically from the marked point on the skin surface often cannot achieve the ideal puncture path. From a geometric point of view, once the needle insertion angle is tilted, the uncertainty of its positioning angle and puncture depth will be greatly increased, increasing the difficulty of operation and puncture time.

[0005] Due to the difficulties in geometric positioning mentioned above, doctors often need to repeatedly adjust the angle and depth of the puncture needle to ensure that it reaches the target location. This repeated tentative operation will increase the patient's pain and discomfort and prolong the operation time. More importantly, repeated punctures increase the risk of complications such as bleeding, infection, and nerve damage, especially when puncturing areas close to important structures such as the spinal cord and nerve roots, the potential risks are more significant. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above situation, the present invention provides a positioning puncture device for spinal surgery, which ensures that the puncture needle always points to the target puncture point regardless of how the angle changes through the needle angle deflection mechanism, thereby adapting to the changes in the inclination angle of the spinous process of different patients. The device also integrates a needle distance locking mechanism that can lock the correct needle insertion depth, thereby avoiding repeated tentative punctures.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: The present invention proposes a positioning puncture device for spinal surgery, including a bed, an X-axis translation component is provided on the back side of the edge of the bed, a Y-axis translation component is provided on the mobile platform of the X-axis translation component after passing through the bed upward, a Z-axis lifting component is provided on the mobile platform of the Y-axis translation component, and a mounting rod is fixedly provided on the lifting platform of the Z-axis lifting component. The above configuration is used to realize three-dimensional positioning of the mounting rod and thus serve as the basis for accurate puncture, a support frame is fixedly provided on the upper end of the mounting rod, and the support frame is parallel to the translation direction of the Y-axis translation component, a needle angle deflection mechanism is provided on one side of the upper end of the support frame, which is used to realize circular motion around the center of the circle, a needle angle adjustment mechanism is provided on the inner side of the upper end of the support frame, which is used to adjust the puncture angle, a depth locking mechanism is provided between the needle angle adjustment mechanism and the needle angle deflection mechanism, a position precision judgment mechanism is provided on the lower side of the depth locking mechanism, which is used to realize the coincidence of the center of the circular motion with the puncture point, and a needle distance locking mechanism is provided on one side of the position precision judgment mechanism, which is used to realize the determination of the puncture depth.

[0008] Furthermore, the needle angle deflection mechanism includes a support rod, which is vertically fixed at the upper end of the support frame. The support rod is located on the side of the support frame facing the patient. A positioning shaft is vertically engaged and rotated at the center of the end of the support rod. A cross rod is horizontally fixed at the lower end of the positioning shaft. A mounting ring is fixed on the edge of the cross rod, and the mounting ring is coaxially arranged with the positioning shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, the depth locking mechanism includes a fixed seat, the fixed seat is fixedly arranged in parallel and parallel to the lower middle part of one of the cross bars of the cross rod, the lower surface of the fixed seat is provided with a first slideway, the first slideway is provided with a block which is horizontally engaged and slidably arranged, a second screw is provided in parallel with the first slideway, two ends of the second screw are respectively engaged and rotatably connected with two ends of the fixed seat, the second screw points to the axis center of the positioning shaft, and the second screw passes through the fixed seat at one end of the positioning shaft and is coaxially fixed with a worm gear, the fixed seat is fixedly provided with a support on the lower side of the worm gear, a transmission shaft is engaged and rotatably provided on the support, a worm is coaxially fixed between the supports on the transmission shaft, the worm is meshingly connected with the worm gear, one end of the transmission shaft extends out of the support and is fixedly provided with a rocker, a rotating shaft is fixedly provided on the lower side of the block, pointers are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the rotating shaft, and the pointers are tightly attached to the two side surfaces of the fixed seat.

[0010] Furthermore, the needle insertion angle adjustment mechanism includes a limit column, two ends of the limit column are vertically fixedly connected to the side frames of the support frame, the limit column is close to the upper frame of the support frame, and the limit column is set in two. A first slide tube is slidably sleeved on the limit column, and a mounting block is fixedly provided between the two first slide tubes, and a second slide tube is fixedly provided on the lower side of the mounting block. The second slide tube is vertically arranged with the first slide tube, and a slide column is slidably provided in the second slide tube. A first screw is parallelly provided between the limit columns, and two ends of the first screw are respectively engaged and rotatably connected with the side frames of the support frame, the first screw is threadedly connected to the mounting block, and the moving direction of the mounting block is perpendicular to the slide column, and a connecting block is fixedly provided at one end of the slide column close to the positioning shaft, and the connecting block is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft. A rotating wheel is coaxially fixedly provided at one end of the first screw after extending out of the support frame.

[0011] Furthermore, the position precision judgment mechanism includes a horizontal extension rod, one end of the horizontal extension rod is horizontally fixed at the lower end of the connecting block extending out of the rotating shaft, the horizontal extension rod is arranged in parallel with the second screw, and the other end of the horizontal extension rod is away from the positioning shaft, and a vertical extension rod is vertically fixed on the lower side of the end of the horizontal extension rod away from the positioning shaft, and a swing arm is hinged at the lower end of the vertical extension rod, and the swing arm is parallel to the horizontal extension rod when it swings to horizontal, and a positioning ring is fixed on the middle part of one side of the free end of the swing arm, and when the swing arm swings toward the positioning shaft side to horizontal, the positioning ring is located directly above the swing arm and the pointer and the positioning ring are located in the same vertical plane, and a magnetic block is fixed on the lower end of the vertical extension rod toward the side of the positioning shaft, and when the swing arm swings toward the positioning shaft side to horizontal, it contacts and is attracted by the magnetic block.

[0012] Furthermore, the needle insertion distance locking mechanism includes a support rod and a guide hole, the support rod is horizontally fixed at the lower end of the vertical extension rod, the support rod is located at the other side of the magnetic block, the surface of the support rod is penetrated by a second slide along the length direction, a slider is slidably engaged in the second slide, a pressure plate is fixedly provided on one side of the slider after extending out of the second slide, and a positioning seat is fixedly provided on the other side of the slider after extending out of the second slide, a positioning port is provided on the edge of the positioning seat, a puncture needle is placed in the positioning port, the positioning seat is provided with a knob on the upper side of the positioning port, and the lower end of the knob can contact the puncture needle when the positioning seat is threadedly moved, the guide hole is horizontally penetrated through the lower end of the vertical extension rod, the sliding direction of the slider is the same as the penetration direction of the guide hole, and the locked puncture needle can face the positioning ring on the horizontal swing arm and the axis of the positioning shaft after passing through the guide hole.

[0013] Furthermore, during the rotation process, two edges of the cross bar of the cross bar on the upper side of the fixing seat can be aligned with two edges of the support rod.

[0014] Furthermore, length scale values ​​are marked on both sides of the fixed seat within the movable range of the pointer, and the scale value is the length from the plane perpendicular to the fixed seat where the scale value is located to the positioning axis. Length scale values ​​are marked on both sides of the strut within the movable range of the positioning seat, and the scale value is the vertical length from the plane perpendicular to the strut where the scale value is located to the entrance of the guide hole.

[0015] Furthermore, the moving platform of the X-axis translation assembly moves perpendicularly to the long axis of the spine, and the moving platform of the Y-axis translation assembly moves parallel to the long axis of the spine.

[0016] Furthermore, in a viewing angle perpendicular to the supporting frame, the movable range of the support rod is always within the frame of the supporting frame, and the movable range height of the horizontally extending rod is higher than the height of the patient in the lateral lying position.

[0017] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention using the above structure are as follows: (1) The positioning puncture device for spinal surgery provided by the present invention can achieve precise control of the puncture angle through the coordinated work of the needle angle adjustment mechanism and the needle angle deflection mechanism. The needle angle adjustment mechanism can adjust the rotation angle of the support rod through the cooperation of the first sliding tube, the second sliding tube and the sliding column, thereby adapting to the changes in the inclination angle of the spinous process of different patients. The needle angle deflection mechanism ensures that when the support rod rotates, the guide hole always points to the target puncture point, so that the puncture needle can enter the target position along the ideal path, avoiding the puncture path deviation caused by the inclination angle of the spinous process in the traditional method, thereby improving the accuracy and safety of puncture.

[0018] (2) The synergistic effect of the depth locking mechanism, the position precision judgment mechanism and the needle insertion distance locking mechanism can accurately determine the puncture point and control the puncture depth. The depth locking mechanism accurately corresponds to the distance from the skin marker point to the target puncture point through the scale value indicated by the pointer. The position precision judgment mechanism accurately locates the position of the skin marker point in three-dimensional space through the cooperation of the swing arm and the positioning ring, ensuring that the guide hole points to the puncture point perpendicular to the long axis of the spine and that the axis of the positioning axis coincides with the puncture point. The needle insertion distance locking mechanism accurately controls the insertion depth of the puncture needle through the cooperation of the slider and the pressure plate, avoiding the risks brought by repeated tentative punctures in traditional methods.

[0019] (3) The device provided by the present invention can significantly simplify the operation process of spinal puncture. The positioning ring can be quickly and conveniently moved to the patient's skin marking point through the X, Y, and Z three-axis moving components, and the puncture angle can be adjusted through the needle angle adjustment mechanism and the needle angle deflection mechanism. Once the positioning is completed, the needle distance locking mechanism can control the needle insertion depth to complete the puncture operation. This simplified operation process can significantly shorten the operation time and improve the operation efficiency. The precise control of the puncture angle and depth can prevent the puncture needle from damaging the surrounding bone tissue and nerve structure, and reduce the risk of complications such as bleeding, infection, and nerve damage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a first three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a positioning puncture device for spinal surgery proposed by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a positioning puncture device for spinal surgery proposed by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of an X-axis translation assembly, a Y-axis translation assembly and a Z-axis lifting assembly of a positioning puncture device for spinal surgery proposed by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the positional relationship between a needle angle deflection mechanism and a depth locking mechanism of a positioning puncture device for spinal surgery proposed by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of part A.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the positional relationship between the first slideway and the second screw of a positioning puncture device for spinal surgery proposed by the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of the positional relationship between a pointer and a positioning ring of a positioning puncture device for spinal surgery proposed by the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of the positional relationship between a slider and a support rod of a positioning puncture device for spinal surgery proposed by the present invention.

[0028] Fig. 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of a positioning puncture device for spinal surgery during puncture, as proposed by the present invention.

[0029] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 Enlarged view of part B.

[0030] Fig.11 This is a structural schematic diagram of the relationship between the swing arm and the patient's position in the initial state of a positioning puncture device for spinal surgery proposed by the present invention.

[0031] Among them, 1. bed, 2. X-axis translation assembly, 21. Y-axis translation assembly, 22. Z-axis lifting assembly, 3. mounting rod, 4. support frame, 5. needle angle deflection mechanism, 51. support rod, 52. positioning shaft, 53. cross rod, 54. mounting ring, 6. needle angle adjustment mechanism, 61. limit column, 62. first screw, 63. first slide tube, 64. mounting block, 65. second slide tube, 66. slide column, 67. connecting block, 68. rotary wheel, 7. depth locking mechanism, 71. fixed seat, 72. first slide , 73. block, 731. shaft, 732. pointer, 74. second screw, 75. worm gear, 76. worm, 77. support, 78. transmission shaft, 79. rocker, 8. position precision judgment mechanism, 81. horizontal extension rod, 82. vertical extension rod, 83. swing arm, 84. magnetic block, 85. positioning ring, 9. needle distance locking mechanism, 91. support rod, 92. second slideway, 93. slider, 94. positioning seat, 95. pressure plate, 96. positioning port, 97. knob, 98. guide hole, 99. puncture needle.

[0032] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that terms such as “upper”, “lower”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside” and “outside” indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0035] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 , Fig.11 As shown, the present invention proposes a positioning puncture device for spinal surgery, including a bed 1, an X-axis translation component 2 is provided on the back side of the edge of the bed 1, a Y-axis translation component 21 is provided on the moving platform of the X-axis translation component 2 after it passes through the bed 1 upward, and a Z-axis lifting component 22 is provided on the moving platform of the Y-axis translation component 21. The X-axis translation component 2, the Y-axis translation component 21 and the Z-axis lifting component 22 are structural forms well known to people in the field, and generally a motor drives a ball screw to drive the translation of the moving platform. The combination of the X-axis translation component 2, the Y-axis translation component 21 and the Z-axis lifting component 22 is also a form well known to people in the field, and is used to achieve translation in three directions to achieve precise spatial positioning. Preferably, in this device, the X-axis translation component 2 is arranged on the lower side of the bed 1, and the Y-axis translation component 21 and the Z-axis lifting component 22 are arranged on the upper side of the bed 1, which can minimize the contact effect of the X-axis translation component 2, the Y-axis translation component 21 and the Z-axis lifting component 22 on the patient.

[0036] Among them, a mounting rod 3 is fixedly provided on the lifting platform of the Z-axis lifting assembly 22, a supporting frame 4 is fixedly provided on the upper end of the mounting rod 3, the supporting frame 4 is parallel to the translation direction of the Y-axis translation assembly 21, a needle angle deflection mechanism 5 is provided on one side of the upper end of the supporting frame 4, a needle angle adjustment mechanism 6 is provided on the inner side of the upper end of the supporting frame 4, a depth locking mechanism 7 is provided between the needle angle adjustment mechanism 6 and the needle angle deflection mechanism 5, a position precision judgment mechanism 8 is provided on the lower side of the depth locking mechanism 7, and a needle distance locking mechanism 9 is provided on one side of the position precision judgment mechanism 8.

[0037] Among them, the needle angle deflection mechanism 5 includes a support rod 51, which is vertically fixed on the upper end of the support frame 4. The support rod 51 is located on the side of the support frame 4 facing the patient. A positioning shaft 52 is vertically engaged and rotated at the center of the end of the support rod 51. A cross rod 53 is horizontally fixed at the lower end of the positioning shaft 52. A mounting ring 54 is fixed on the edge of the cross rod 53, and the mounting ring 54 is coaxially arranged with the positioning shaft 52.

[0038] The depth locking mechanism 7 includes a fixing seat 71, which is fixedly arranged parallel to the lower middle part of one of the cross bars of the cross bar 53. A first slideway 72 is provided on the lower surface of the fixing seat 71. A block 73 is provided in the first slideway 72 for horizontal engagement and sliding. A second screw 74 is provided in parallel in the first slideway 72. Both ends of the second screw 74 are respectively engaged and rotatably connected with both ends of the fixing seat 71. The second screw 74 points to the axis of the positioning shaft 52. The second screw 74 penetrates the fixing seat 71 toward one end of the positioning shaft 52. A worm gear 75 is coaxially fixed to the rear of the seat 71, a support 77 is fixed to the lower side of the worm gear 75 of the fixed seat 71, a transmission shaft 78 is rotatably engaged on the support 77, a worm 76 is coaxially fixed to the transmission shaft 78 between the supports 77, the worm 76 is meshingly connected with the worm gear 75, a rocker 79 is fixed to one end of the transmission shaft 78 after extending out of the support 77, a rotating shaft 731 is fixed to the lower side of the block 73, pointers 732 are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the rotating shaft 731, and the pointers 732 are closely attached to the two side surfaces of the fixed seat 71.

[0039] Among them, the needle angle adjustment mechanism 6 includes a limit column 61, both ends of the limit column 61 are vertically fixedly connected to the side frames of the support frame 4, the limit column 61 is close to the upper frame of the support frame 4, and the limit column 61 is set to two. A first slide tube 63 is slidably sleeved on the limit column 61, and a mounting block 64 is fixedly provided between the two first slide tubes 63. A second slide tube 65 is fixedly provided on the lower side of the mounting block 64. The second slide tube 65 is vertically arranged with the first slide tube 63, and a slide column 66 is slidably provided in the second slide tube 65. A first screw rod 62 is parallelly arranged between the limit columns 61, and both ends of the first screw rod 62 are respectively engaged and rotatably connected with the side frames of the support frame 4, and the first screw rod 62 is threadedly connected to the mounting block 64. The moving direction of the mounting block 64 is perpendicular to the slide column 66, which can be It is understood that since the first screw 62 can only rotate but not translate, and the mounting block 64 can only translate but not rotate under the limitation of the limiting column 61, the first screw 62 will drive the mounting block 64 to move along the direction of the first screw 62 during the threaded movement with the mounting block 64. A connecting block 67 is fixedly disposed at one end of the sliding column 66 close to the positioning shaft 52. The connecting block 67 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 731. A rotating wheel 68 is coaxially fixedly disposed after one end of the first screw 62 extends out of the supporting frame 4. It is understandable that the rotating wheel 68 is used to drive the rotation of the first screw 62, so that when the second sliding tube 65 moves along the direction of the first screw 62, it will push the sliding column 66 and then push the rotating shaft 731 to move in a circle around the positioning shaft 52, thereby realizing the angle adjustment of the second screw 74.

[0040] The position precision judgment mechanism 8 comprises a horizontal extension rod 81, one end of which is horizontally fixedly arranged at the lower end of the rotating shaft 731 extending out of the connecting block 67, the horizontal extension rod 81 is arranged parallel to the second screw rod 74, and the other end of the horizontal extension rod 81 is away from the positioning shaft 52. A vertical extension rod 82 is vertically fixedly arranged at the lower side of one end of the horizontal extension rod 81 away from the positioning shaft 52, and a swing arm 83 is hinged at the lower end of the vertical extension rod 82. When the swing arm 83 swings to the horizontal, it is parallel to the horizontal extension rod 81. A positioning ring 85 is fixedly arranged in the middle part of one side of the free end of the swing arm 83. When the swing arm 83 swings toward the side of the positioning shaft 52 to the horizontal, the positioning ring 85 is located directly above the swing arm 83, and the pointer 732 and the positioning ring 85 are located in the same vertical plane. A magnetic block 84 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the vertical extension rod 82 toward the side of the positioning shaft 52. When the swing arm 83 swings toward the side of the positioning shaft 52 to the horizontal, it contacts and is attracted by the magnetic block 84, thereby temporarily fixing the swing arm 83.

[0041] The needle insertion distance locking mechanism 9 includes a support rod 91 and a guide hole 98. The support rod 91 is horizontally fixed at the lower end of the vertical extension rod 82. The support rod 91 is located on the other side of the magnetic block 84. A second slideway 92 is provided on the surface of the support rod 91 along the length direction. A slider 93 is provided in the second slideway 92. A pressure plate 95 is fixedly provided on one side of the slider 93 after it extends out of the second slideway 92. A positioning seat 94 is fixedly provided on the edge of the positioning seat 94. The positioning port 96 has a puncture needle 99 placed in it. The positioning seat 94 has a knob 97 on the upper side of the positioning port 96. The lower end of the knob 97 and the positioning seat 94 can contact the puncture needle 99 when the knob 97 and the positioning seat 94 are threaded. The guide hole 98 is horizontally penetrated and opened at the lower end of the vertical extension rod 82. The sliding direction of the slider 93 is the same as the penetration direction of the guide hole 98. After the locked puncture needle 99 passes through the guide hole 98, it can face the positioning ring 85 on the horizontal swing arm 83 and the axis of the positioning shaft 52.

[0042] Among them, the two edges of the cross bar of the cross bar 53 on the upper side of the fixed seat 71 can be aligned with the two edges of the support rod 51 during the rotation process. It can be understood that the fixed seat 71 is parallel to the cross bar of the cross bar 53. When the two edges of the cross bar are aligned with the two edges of the support rod 51, it means that the fixed seat 71 is parallel to the support rod 51, and then it means that the horizontal extension rod 81 is perpendicular to the long axis of the patient's spine. Under this setting, the angle of the horizontal extension rod 81 can be quickly positioned.

[0043] Among them, length scale values ​​are marked on both sides of the fixed seat 71 within the movable range of the pointer 732, and the scale value is the length from the plane perpendicular to the fixed seat 71 at the scale value to the positioning axis 52, and length scale values ​​are marked on both sides of the support rod 91 within the movable range of the positioning seat 94, and the scale value is the vertical length from the plane perpendicular to the support rod 91 at the scale value to the entrance of the guide hole 98.

[0044] Among them, the moving platform of the X-axis translation component 2 moves perpendicular to the long axis direction of the spine, and the moving platform of the Y-axis translation component 21 moves parallel to the long axis direction of the spine.

[0045] Among them, in the perspective perpendicular to the support frame 4, the movable range of the support rod 91 is always within the frame of the support frame 4. This setting allows medical staff to avoid visual obstruction when performing operations. The movable range height of the horizontal extension rod 81 is higher than the patient's side-lying position height. Only under this setting can the positioning axis 52 be vertically aligned with the puncture point above the patient's side position.

[0046] During specific use, the patient lies on the bed 1 in a side-lying position and adjusts the body position so that the support frame 4 is parallel to the long axis direction of the patient's spine. The patient is first scanned with an ultrasonic probe perpendicular to the long axis direction of the patient's spine, and the puncture point is marked on the patient's back skin by the conventional method described in the background technology, and the distance from the marked point on the skin surface to the puncture point is recorded through the data displayed in real time by the ultrasonic image.

[0047] By rotating the rotary wheel 68, the first screw rod 62 and the mounting block 64 are driven to perform threaded motion, thereby driving the first slide tube 63 and the second slide tube 65 to translate along the direction of the limit column 61, so that the connecting block 67 drives the rotating shaft 731 to perform circular motion with the positioning shaft 52 as the axis along the direction of the limit column 61, and the second slide tube 65 and the slide column 66 will slide relative to each other to adapt to the path change until the two edges of the cross bar 53 where the fixed seat 71 is located are aligned with the two edges of the support rod 51, indicating that the fixed seat 71 and the second screw rod 74 are parallel to the support rod 51, and the swing arm 83 is moved. When it rotates toward the positioning axis 52 until it is perpendicular to the vertical extension rod 82, the swing arm 83 is attracted and fixed by the magnet 84. At this time, the support rod 51 will be perpendicular to the long axis direction of the patient's spine. At the same time, the fixed seat 71, the second screw 74, the horizontal extension rod 81 and the swing arm 83 will also be perpendicular to the long axis direction of the patient's spine. Rotating the rocker 79 drives the worm 76, the worm wheel 75 and the second screw 74 to rotate, and then drives the block 73 to translate in the first slide 72, so that the value pointed to by the pointer 732 is equal to the previously recorded distance value between the skin surface marking point and the puncture point.

[0048] The X-axis translation assembly 2 is turned on to move the support frame 4 toward the patient, so that the body goes deeper into the space formed by the mounting ring 54 and the vertical extension rod 82. At this time, the positioning axis 52 will be located above the patient's side position. Then, the X-axis translation assembly 2, the Y-axis translation assembly 21 and the Z-axis lifting assembly 22 are turned on to drive the positioning ring 85 to adjust the three-dimensional position until the positioning ring 85 contacts the patient's back skin and surrounds the marking point at the center position. At this time, it indicates that the guide hole 98 will point to the puncture point perpendicular to the long axis of the patient's spine. Since the pointer 732 and the positioning ring 85 are located in the same vertical plane, the axis of the positioning ring 85, the pointer 732 and the positioning axis 52 are The vertical spacing between the centers of the positioning ring 85 and the positioning shaft 52 is equal, so the vertical spacing between the positioning ring 85 and the positioning shaft 52 is the value corresponding to the pointer 732. The positioning ring 85 represents the marking point. If the length of the marking point from the puncture point, that is, the length of the image record, is equal to the length of the marking point from the axis of the positioning shaft 52, it means that the axis of the positioning shaft 52 coincides with the puncture point. Thereafter, the horizontal extension rod 81 and the swing arm 83 rotate around the axis of the positioning shaft 52, that is, rotate around the puncture point, so that the guide hole 98 will always point to the puncture point. The swing arm 83 is bent downward to separate from the magnetic block 84 to avoid the swing arm 83 pressing against the skin during the circular motion of the guide hole 98 to hinder the motion. The slider 93 is adjusted by the pressure plate 95. The position of the slider 93 is such that the value on the support rod 91 corresponding to the slider 93 is equal to the length of the guide hole 98 entrance from the puncture point (this length is the sum of the known length of the guide hole 98 entrance from the positioning ring 85 and the known length of the positioning ring 85 from the puncture point). Then, the puncture needle 99 is inserted into the positioning port 96 so that the front end of the puncture needle 99 just enters the entrance of the guide hole 98. The puncture needle 99 is fixed in the positioning port 96 by the knob 97. The pressing plate 95 is pushed to push the slider 93 forward until it moves to the entrance of the guide hole 98 and is blocked by the vertical extension rod 82. The forward distance of the slider 93 and the puncture needle 99 is equal to the numerical display distance. Since this distance is equal to the guide hole 98 entrance, the puncture needle 99 is fixed in the positioning port 96 by the knob 97. The length of the entrance of hole 98 from the puncture point is such that the front end of the puncture needle 99 can just puncture into the puncture point. According to the background technology, the vertebral spinous process is not perpendicular to the skin surface, but is inclined at a certain range of horizontal angle when the patient lies on his side. Therefore, the rotary wheel 68 can be rotated before pushing the pressure plate 95 for puncture, thereby adjusting the angle of the support rod 91 and the guide hole 98. In this process, the guide hole 98 always points to the puncture point and the length of the entrance of the guide hole 98 from the puncture point is equal, so that after adjusting to a reasonable puncture angle to avoid the key parts and blocking parts of the spine, accurate puncture can still be performed directly according to the above steps without causing displacement of the puncture point.

[0049] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0050] While the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

[0051] The present invention and its embodiments are described above, and such description is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if ordinary technicians in the field are inspired by it, without departing from the purpose of the invention, they can design a structure and embodiment similar to the technical solution without creativity, which should belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A positioning puncture device for spinal surgery, comprising a bed (1), characterized in that: An X-axis translation assembly (2) is provided on the back side of the edge of the bed (1); a Y-axis translation assembly (21) is provided on the movable platform of the X-axis translation assembly (2) which passes through the bed (1) upwards; a Z-axis lifting assembly (22) is provided on the movable platform of the Y-axis translation assembly (21); a mounting rod (3) is fixedly provided on the lifting platform of the Z-axis lifting assembly (22); a support frame (4) is fixedly provided on the upper end of the mounting rod (3); the support frame (4) is parallel to the translation direction of the Y-axis translation assembly (21); a needle insertion angle deflection mechanism (5) is provided on one side of the upper end of the support frame (4); a needle insertion angle adjustment mechanism (6) is provided on the inner side of the upper end of the support frame (4); a depth locking mechanism (7) is provided between the needle insertion angle adjustment mechanism (6) and the needle insertion angle deflection mechanism (5); a position precision judgment mechanism (8) is provided on the lower side of the depth locking mechanism (7); and a needle insertion distance locking mechanism (9) is provided on one side of the position precision judgment mechanism (8).

2. A spinal surgery positioning puncture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The needle insertion angle deflection mechanism (5) comprises a support rod (51), the support rod (51) being vertically fixedly arranged at the upper end of the support frame (4), the support rod (51) being located on the side of the support frame (4) facing the patient, a positioning shaft (52) being arranged at the center of the end of the support rod (51) for vertical engagement and rotation, a cross rod (53) being horizontally fixedly arranged at the lower end of the positioning shaft (52), a mounting ring (54) being fixedly arranged at the edge of the cross rod (53), and the mounting ring (54) being arranged coaxially with the positioning shaft (52).

3. A spinal surgery positioning puncture device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The depth locking mechanism (7) comprises a fixing seat (71), the fixing seat (71) being fixedly arranged parallel to the middle part of the lower side of one of the cross bars (53), the fixing seat (71) being provided with a first slideway (72) on the lower side surface, a block (73) being provided in the first slideway (72) for horizontal engagement and sliding, a second screw rod (74) being provided in parallel in the first slideway (72), two ends of the second screw rod (74) being respectively engaged and rotatably connected with two ends of the fixing seat (71), the second screw rod (74) pointing to the axis of the positioning shaft (52), and one end of the second screw rod (74) passing through the fixing seat (71) toward the positioning shaft (52) A worm wheel (75) is coaxially fixedly provided, a support (77) is fixedly provided on the fixing seat (71) at the lower side of the worm wheel (75), a transmission shaft (78) is rotatably engaged with the support (77), a worm (76) is coaxially fixedly provided on the transmission shaft (78) between the support (77), the worm (76) is meshingly connected with the worm wheel (75), a rocker (79) is fixedly provided after one end of the transmission shaft (78) extends out of the support (77), a rotating shaft (731) is fixedly provided on the lower side of the clamping block (73), pointers (732) are symmetrically fixedly provided on both sides of the rotating shaft (731), and the pointers (732) are closely attached to the two side surfaces of the fixing seat (71).

4. A spinal surgery positioning puncture device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The needle insertion angle adjustment mechanism (6) comprises a limit column (61), both ends of which are vertically fixedly connected to the side frames of the support frame (4), the limit column (61) being close to the upper frame of the support frame (4), the limit column (61) being provided with two limit columns (61), a first slide tube (63) being slidably sleeved on the limit column (61), a mounting block (64) being fixedly provided between the two first slide tubes (63), a second slide tube (65) being fixedly provided on the lower side of the mounting block (64), the second slide tube (65) being vertically arranged with the first slide tube (63), a sliding sleeve being provided inside the second slide tube (65), and a second slide tube (65) being slidably sleeved on the limit column (61). A sliding column (66) is provided, and a first screw rod (62) is provided in parallel between the limiting columns (61), and the two ends of the first screw rod (62) are respectively engaged with the side frames of the supporting frame (4) for rotational connection, and the first screw rod (62) is threadedly connected to the mounting block (64), and the moving direction of the mounting block (64) is perpendicular to the sliding column (66), and a connecting block (67) is fixedly provided at one end of the sliding column (66) close to the positioning shaft (52), and the connecting block (67) is rotationally connected to the rotating shaft (731), and a rotating wheel (68) is coaxially fixedly provided after one end of the first screw rod (62) protrudes out of the supporting frame (4).

5. A spinal surgery positioning puncture device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The position precision judgment mechanism (8) comprises a horizontal extension rod (81), one end of which is horizontally fixedly arranged at the lower end of the rotating shaft (731) extending out of the connecting block (67), the horizontal extension rod (81) is arranged in parallel with the second screw rod (74), the other end of the horizontal extension rod (81) is away from the positioning shaft (52), a vertical extension rod (82) is vertically fixedly arranged at the lower side of the end of the horizontal extension rod (81) away from the positioning shaft (52), the lower end of the vertical extension rod (82) is hingedly connected to a swing arm (83), and the swing arm (83) swings to the horizontal position. When the swing arm (83) is parallel to the horizontal extension rod (81), a positioning ring (85) is fixedly provided at the middle of one side of the free end of the swing arm (83). When the swing arm (83) swings toward the positioning shaft (52) to be horizontal, the positioning ring (85) is located directly above the swing arm (83) and the pointer (732) and the positioning ring (85) are located in the same vertical plane. A magnetic block (84) is fixedly provided at the lower end of the vertical extension rod (82) to the side facing the positioning shaft (52). When the swing arm (83) swings toward the positioning shaft (52) to be horizontal, the magnetic block (84) contacts and is attracted by the magnetic block (84).

6. A spinal surgery positioning puncture device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The needle insertion distance locking mechanism (9) comprises a support rod (91) and a guide hole (98), wherein the support rod (91) is horizontally fixed at the lower end of the vertical extension rod (82), and the support rod (91) is located on the other side of the magnetic block (84). A second slideway (92) is provided on the surface of the support rod (91) along the length direction, and a slider (93) is provided in the second slideway (92) for sliding engagement, and a pressure plate (95) is fixedly provided on one side of the slider (93) after extending out of the second slideway (92), and a positioning seat (94) is fixedly provided on the other side of the slider (93) after extending out of the second slideway (92), and the edge of the positioning seat (94) is provided with a A positioning opening (96) is provided, in which a puncture needle (99) is placed. The positioning seat (94) is provided with a knob (97) on the upper side of the positioning opening (96). The lower end of the knob (97) and the positioning seat (94) can contact the puncture needle (99) when threadedly moving. The guide hole (98) is horizontally penetrated and opened at the lower end of the vertical extension rod (82). The sliding direction of the slider (93) is the same as the penetration direction of the guide hole (98). After the locked puncture needle (99) passes through the guide hole (98), it can face the positioning ring (85) on the horizontal swing arm (83) and the axis of the positioning shaft (52).

7. A spinal surgery positioning puncture device according to claim 6, characterized in that: During the rotation process, the two edges of the cross bar (53) on the upper side of the fixing seat (71) can be aligned with the two edges of the support bar (51).

8. A spinal surgery positioning puncture device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The two sides of the fixing seat (71) are marked with length scale values ​​within the range of motion of the pointer (732), and the scale values ​​are the lengths from the plane perpendicular to the fixing seat (71) at the scale values ​​to the positioning axis (52). The two sides of the support rod (91) are marked with length scale values ​​within the range of motion of the positioning seat (94), and the scale values ​​are the vertical lengths from the plane perpendicular to the support rod (91) at the scale values ​​to the entrance of the guide hole (98).

9. A spinal surgery positioning puncture device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The moving platform of the X-axis translation component (2) moves perpendicularly to the long axis direction of the spine, and the moving platform of the Y-axis translation component (21) moves parallel to the long axis direction of the spine.

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