Method for transferring wounded person in post-earthquake air-ground collaborative transportation mode by considering road damage degree

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of earthquake disaster emergency rescue, in particular to a method for transferring wounded persons in a post-earthquake air-ground collaborative transportation mode by considering road damage degrees, which comprises the following steps of: dividing the wounded persons into light wounded persons, heavy wounded persons and severe wounded persons, and respectively setting transferring important coefficients for the severe wounded persons and the heavy wounded persons; a mathematical model is constructed by adopting a multi-objective planning method, and the total objectives of shortest total transfer time and highest safety coefficient of a road on which the ambulance travels are achieved by combining wounded classification, transportation tool selection, transfer important coefficients and road damage rate. According to the method, the wounded personnel are scientifically classified and different transfer coefficients are set through the severity score of the injury condition, and the target function with the shortest total transfer time and the maximum vehicle driving road safety is constructed in combination with the limitation of the road damage condition on the transportation tool, so that the transfer efficiency and the treatment effect of the wounded personnel after the earthquake are greatly improved; and the wounded can be ensured to obtain timely and effective medical assistance within golden rescue time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of earthquake disaster emergency rescue, and in particular to a method for transferring wounded persons in a post-earthquake air-ground coordinated transportation mode taking into account the degree of road damage. Background Art

[0002] After an earthquake disaster occurs, rescue teams need to provide initial assistance to the injured and transfer them from dangerous areas to safe areas. Currently, the method of transferring the injured after an earthquake mainly relies on ground rescue, such as ambulances and other road transportation tools.

[0003] However, when the existing technology is actually used in the face of large-scale earthquake disasters, because ground rescue is highly dependent on the integrity of transportation routes, once an earthquake causes roads to break, collapse or be blocked by rubble, road transportation cannot quickly or even has difficulty reaching the worst-hit areas. In addition, since it is necessary to travel back and forth between multiple distribution points of the injured, it takes a long time, resulting in relatively low efficiency of ground rescue. Some modes of coordinated transfer of the wounded by helicopters and vehicles will also be affected by the low efficiency of ground rescue, making it difficult to meet the needs of emergency transfer of a large number of wounded in a short period of time. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for transferring the wounded in a post-earthquake air-ground coordinated transportation mode that takes into account the degree of road damage, so as to solve the problem that road vehicles cannot quickly or even have difficulty reaching the most severely affected areas, and it is difficult to meet the needs of urgently transferring a large number of wounded in a short period of time.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for transferring the wounded in an air-ground coordinated transportation mode after an earthquake taking into account the degree of road damage, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Classification of the wounded: According to the severity score of the injury, the wounded are divided into three categories: lightly injured, seriously injured and severely injured, and the transfer importance coefficient is set for seriously injured and seriously injured respectively;

[0007] S2. Constructing a mathematical model: A mathematical model is constructed using a multi-objective programming method, combining the classification of the wounded, the selection of transportation tools, the transfer importance coefficient, and the road damage rate, in order to achieve the overall goal of minimizing the total transfer time and maximizing the safety factor of the road traveled by the ambulance;

[0008] The objective function includes minimizing the total transportation time and maximizing the safety of ambulance transfer of the injured;

[0009] S3. Determine the constraints: The constraints include ensuring that all seriously injured and critically injured are transferred to hospitals for treatment, that the number of injured transferred to hospitals does not exceed the hospital's capacity for that type of injured, limiting the continuity of ambulance and helicopter transfers, and limiting the transfer capacity of helicopters and ambulances based on the distance between medical emergency shelters and hospitals and road damage;

[0010] S6. Solve the mathematical model: Solve the mathematical model according to the set constraints to obtain the optimal wounded transfer route and transportation tool selection plan.

[0011] Preferably, the three categories of minor injury, serious injury and severe injury in step S1 are specifically:

[0012] Minor injury: AIS-ISS score between 0-8;

[0013] Severe injury: AIS-ISS score between 9-15;

[0014] Severe injury: AIS-ISS score is 16 or above;

[0015] In step S1, the transfer importance coefficient is set according to the urgency of the injury to reflect the priority of different types of injured persons in the transfer process.

[0016] Preferably, the objective function for minimizing the total transportation time in step S2 is:

[0017]

[0018] In formula (1), i represents a medical emergency shelter;

[0019] h represents the number of transportation vehicles in the medical emergency shelter;

[0020] m represents the number of trips of the transport vehicle;

[0021] n represents the injury degree of the casualty, where n = 1 represents a seriously injured casualty, and n = 2 represents a severely injured casualty;

[0022] j indicates hospital;

[0023] x ihmnj represents the number of injured persons of type n transferred to hospital j by the h-th helicopter in medical emergency shelter i for the m-th time;

[0024] y ihmnj It indicates the number of injured persons of type n transferred to hospital j by the h-th ambulance in medical emergency shelter i for the m-th time.

[0025] Preferably, the objective function for maximizing the safety of disaster victims transferred by ambulance in step S2 is:

[0026]

[0027] In formula (2), w ijl Represents the road safety factor for the lth type of transportation from medical emergency shelter i to hospital j.

[0028] Preferably, in the formula (1), ijl It represents the time for the l-th type of transportation to travel from medical emergency shelter i to hospital j, which is defined as:

[0029] t ijl =d ij / V ijl (3)

[0030] d ij represents the distance between medical emergency shelter i and hospital j;

[0031] V ijl represents the generalized speed of the lth type of transportation from medical emergency shelter i to hospital j.

[0032] Preferably, in the formula (3), V ijl The generalized speed is defined according to the degree of road damage. The value close to 1 represents a higher road safety, and vice versa, to reflect the impact of road damage on the speed and safety of ambulances.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] 1. The present invention scientifically classifies the injured and sets different transfer coefficients by scoring the severity of their injuries. It combines the restrictions on transportation tools imposed by road damage, rationally utilizes different types of transportation tools, introduces the concept of generalized speed, and constructs an objective function of minimizing the total transfer time and maximizing the safety of vehicle driving roads, thereby achieving a significant improvement in the transfer efficiency and treatment effect of the injured after the earthquake, and ensuring that the injured can receive timely and effective medical assistance within the golden rescue time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an operation scenario of a method for transferring injured persons in a post-earthquake air-ground coordinated transportation mode taking into account the degree of road damage according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 A flowchart of a method for transferring injured persons in a post-earthquake air-ground coordinated transportation mode taking into account the degree of road damage according to the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the operation results of a method for transferring injured persons in a post-earthquake air-ground coordinated transportation mode taking into account the degree of road damage according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] In the early stage of an earthquake, the golden rescue time is 72 hours. Rescuing the wounded and providing them with medical assistance within this time can increase the survival rate of the rescued wounded. After rescuing the wounded, how to reasonably and efficiently transport the wounded from the medical emergency shelter to the hospital is the key to post-earthquake rescue work. In order to achieve reasonable and efficient transportation of the wounded from the medical emergency shelter to the hospital, the present invention constructs the following method.

[0040] See also Figure 1-3 The present invention provides a technical solution: a method for transferring injured persons in a post-earthquake air-ground coordinated transportation mode taking into account the degree of road damage, comprising the following steps:

[0041] S1. Classification of the injured: According to the injury severity score (AIS-ISS), the injured are divided into three categories: lightly injured, seriously injured and severely injured. The specific classification criteria are as follows:

[0042] Minor injury: AIS-ISS score between 0-8;

[0043] Severe injury: AIS-ISS score between 9-15;

[0044] Severe injury: AIS-ISS score is 16 or above.

[0045] According to the injury severity score, seriously injured patients are classified as Category 1 injured patients, and seriously injured patients are classified as Category 2 injured patients. According to the urgency of the injury, the transfer importance coefficient r is set for Category 1 injured patients and Category 2 injured patients respectively. ln , rl n represents the importance coefficient of transferring the nth category of injured persons by the lth category of transport (l = 1 for helicopter, l = 2 for ambulance). According to the urgency of the injury, the relationship between the transfer importance coefficients is r 11 ≥r 21 >r 12 ≥r 22 .

[0046] S2. Construct a mathematical model: According to the distance between the medical emergency shelter and the hospital, the first and second category casualties are transferred to the nearest hospital for treatment, and considering the road damage, the overall goal of minimizing the total transportation time and maximizing the safety factor of the road traveled by the ambulance is achieved. On the basis of setting important coefficients, the following restrictions are imposed on the choice of transportation tools:

[0047] Taking into account the urgency of the injuries of Category 1 casualties, restrictions are placed on the choice of means of transportation. If the distance between the medical emergency shelter and the target hospital exceeds 50km, Category 1 casualties can only be transported by helicopter. For Category 2 casualties, there are no restrictions on the choice of means of transportation.

[0048] The mathematical model is constructed using the multi-objective programming method, and the objective function is as follows:

[0049]

[0050]

[0051] Objective function (1) represents the minimization of the total transportation time, and objective function (2) represents the maximization of the safety of ambulance transfer of disaster victims.

[0052] In the objective function (1), i represents a medical emergency shelter;

[0053] h represents the number of transportation vehicles in the medical emergency shelter;

[0054] m represents the number of trips of the transport vehicle;

[0055] n represents the injury degree of the casualty, where n = 1 represents a seriously injured casualty, and n = 2 represents a severely injured casualty;

[0056] j indicates hospital;

[0057] x ihmnj represents the number of injured persons of type n transferred to hospital j by the h-th helicopter in medical emergency shelter i for the m-th time;

[0058] y ihmnj It represents the number of injured persons of type n transferred to hospital j by the h-th ambulance in medical emergency shelter i for the m-th time;

[0059] In the objective function (2), w ijl Represents the road safety factor for the lth type of transportation from medical emergency shelter i to hospital j.

[0060] Among them, t in formula (1) ijl It represents the time for the l-th type of transportation to travel from medical emergency shelter i to hospital j, which is defined as:

[0061] tijl =d ij / V ijl (3)

[0062] d ij represents the distance between medical emergency shelter i and hospital j;

[0063] V ijl represents the generalized speed of the lth type of transportation from medical emergency shelter i to hospital j.

[0064] Considering that the impact of earthquake on road feasibility will slow down the speed of vehicles, the generalized speed is used to describe the impact of road damage on the normal speed of ambulances. The formula is as follows:

[0065] V ijl =w ijl v ijl (4)

[0066] where w ijl is the road safety factor for the lth type of transport from medical emergency shelter i to hospital j. Since helicopter travel is not affected by road feasibility, w ij1 =1;

[0067] The speed and driving safety of the ambulance are both limited by the degree of road damage, so we assume that w ij2 ∈[0,1],w ijl A value closer to 1 indicates a safer road;

[0068] v ijl represents the normal driving speed of the lth type of transportation from medical emergency shelter i to hospital j. S3. Determine the constraint conditions: The constraint conditions set for the objective function include: Formulas (5)-(16):

[0069]

[0070]

[0071]

[0072]

[0073]

[0074] x ih0nj =0 (10)

[0075] y ih0nj =0 (11)

[0076] x ihmnj ≤H n (12)

[0077] y ihmnj ≤A n (13)

[0078] x ihmnj ,y ihmnj ≥0 and an integer (14)

[0079] Formula (5) requires that all seriously injured and critically injured persons in medical emergency shelters be transferred to hospitals for treatment, in represents the number of n types of wounded in medical emergency shelter i; formula (6) indicates that the number of wounded transferred to the hospital does not exceed the hospital's capacity to accommodate the wounded of that type; formula (7)-(8) limit the continuity of ambulance and helicopter transfer of the wounded, where P is an infinite positive number; formula (9) indicates that if the distance between the medical emergency shelter and the nearest hospital is greater than 50 km, only helicopters can be used to transfer the first type of wounded; formula (10)-(11) indicates that the number of wounded transferred before the helicopter and ambulance start driving is 0; formula (12)-(13) respectively represent the transfer capacity limits of helicopters and ambulances for each type of wounded, where H n A represents the capacity threshold of helicopters that can transport n types of casualties, n represents the capacity threshold of an ambulance that can transport n types of injured persons; Formula (14) is the non-negative integer constraint for the decision variable.

[0080] By setting constraints in the mathematical model, the prerequisites for the objective function to be established are determined, so that the solution results obtained by solving the mathematical model are more in line with the actual situation.

[0081] When facing a large-scale earthquake disaster, traditional ground rescue methods often have difficulty reaching the disaster area quickly due to severe road damage, resulting in low efficiency in transferring the wounded and poor treatment results. The present invention achieves efficient and orderly transfer of the wounded after the earthquake by constructing a multi-objective integer programming model.

[0082] First, the wounded are scientifically classified into three categories: lightly injured, seriously injured, and severely injured through the injury severity score (AIS-ISS), and different transfer importance coefficients are set for different categories of wounded according to the urgency of the injury. This classification method not only improves the efficiency of wounded transfer, but also ensures that seriously injured and severely injured patients can receive priority treatment, thereby greatly improving the survival rate of the wounded.

[0083] Secondly, the present invention fully considers the restrictions on transportation tools caused by road damage. In the case of severe road damage, the use of ambulances is restricted to transport the injured, and helicopters are used for transfer; while in the case of minor road damage, ambulances are allowed for transfer, making rational use of different types of transportation tools. This transportation tool selection strategy not only avoids rescue delays caused by road damage, but also ensures the safety and effectiveness of transportation tools.

[0084] In addition, the present invention describes the influence of road damage on the normal speed of ambulances through generalized speed, which can more accurately evaluate the speed of ambulances and road safety, thereby formulating more scientific and reasonable wounded transfer routes and transportation tool selection plans.

[0085] Most importantly, the invention achieves comprehensive optimization of the transfer process of the wounded by constructing an objective function that minimizes the total transfer time and maximizes the safety of the vehicle's driving road. This objective function not only takes into account the time efficiency of the transfer of the wounded, but also fully considers the safety of the transportation vehicle and the feasibility of the road, thereby ensuring that the wounded can receive timely and effective medical assistance in the shortest time.

[0086] In summary, the method for transferring the wounded under the post-earthquake air-ground collaborative transportation mode taking into account the degree of road damage provided by the present invention realizes the efficient and orderly transfer of the wounded after the earthquake through the classification of the wounded, the selection of transportation tools, the introduction of generalized speed and the construction of the objective function, improves the survival rate and treatment effect of the wounded, and provides strong technical support for emergency rescue work after earthquake disasters.

[0087] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0088] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for transferring the wounded in an air-ground coordinated transportation mode after an earthquake taking into account the degree of road damage, characterized by: The following steps are involved: S1. Classification of the wounded: According to the severity score of the injury, the wounded are divided into three categories: lightly injured, seriously injured and severely injured, and the transfer importance coefficient is set for seriously injured and seriously injured respectively; S2. Constructing a mathematical model: A mathematical model is constructed using a multi-objective programming method, combining the classification of the wounded, the selection of transportation tools, the transfer importance coefficient, and the road damage rate, in order to achieve the overall goal of minimizing the total transfer time and maximizing the safety factor of the road traveled by the ambulance; The objective function includes minimizing the total transportation time and maximizing the safety of ambulance transfer of the injured; S3. Determine the constraints: The constraints include ensuring that all seriously injured and critically injured are transferred to hospitals for treatment, that the number of injured transferred to hospitals does not exceed the hospital's capacity for that type of injured, limiting the continuity of ambulance and helicopter transfers, and limiting the transfer capacity of helicopters and ambulances based on the distance between medical emergency shelters and hospitals and road damage; S6. Solve the mathematical model: Solve the mathematical model according to the set constraints to obtain the optimal wounded transfer route and transportation tool selection plan.

2. The method for transferring the wounded in a post-earthquake air-ground coordinated transportation mode taking into account the degree of road damage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three categories of minor injury, serious injury and severe injury in step S1 are specifically: Minor injury: AIS-ISS score between 0-8; Severe injury: AIS-ISS score between 9-15; Severe injury: AIS-ISS score is 16 or above; In step S1, the transfer importance coefficient is set according to the urgency of the injury to reflect the priority of different types of injured persons in the transfer process.

3. The method for transferring the wounded in a post-earthquake air-ground coordinated transportation mode taking into account the degree of road damage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The objective function for minimizing the total transportation time in step S2 is: In formula (1), i represents a medical emergency shelter; h represents the number of transportation vehicles in the medical emergency shelter; m represents the number of trips of the transport vehicle; n represents the injury degree of the casualty, where n = 1 represents a seriously injured casualty, and n = 2 represents a severely injured casualty; j indicates hospital; x ihmnj represents the number of injured persons of type n transferred to hospital j by the h-th helicopter in medical emergency shelter i for the m-th time; y ihmnj It indicates the number of injured persons of type n transferred to hospital j by the h-th ambulance in medical emergency shelter i for the m-th time.

4. The method for transferring the wounded in post-earthquake air-ground coordinated transportation mode taking into account the degree of road damage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The objective function for maximizing the safety of the ambulance transferring disaster victims in step S2 is: In formula (2), w ijl Represents the road safety factor for the lth type of transportation from medical emergency shelter i to hospital j.

5. The method for transferring the wounded in post-earthquake air-ground coordinated transportation mode taking into account the degree of road damage according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the formula (1), t ijl It represents the time for the l-th type of transportation to travel from medical emergency shelter i to hospital j, which is defined as: t ijl =d ij / V ijl (3) d ij represents the distance between medical emergency shelter i and hospital j; V ijl represents the generalized speed of the lth type of transportation from medical emergency shelter i to hospital j.

6. The method for transferring the wounded in post-earthquake air-ground coordinated transportation mode taking into account the degree of road damage according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the formula (3), V ijl The generalized speed is defined according to the degree of road damage. The value close to 1 represents a higher road safety, and vice versa, to reflect the impact of road damage on the speed and safety of ambulances.

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