Feed additive for degrading pesticide in animal body and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a feed additive for degrading pesticides in animal bodies and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of feed additives, the feed additive comprises a core material, a first wall material wrapping the core material, and a second wall material wrapping the first wall material; the core material comprises a dandelion extract, resveratrol and an organophosphorus degrading enzyme; the first wall material comprises pectin and modified calcium alginate; the second wall material is barium sulfate coated with calcium carbonate. When the second wall material is dissolved in gastric juice, the first wall material is gradually dissolved in the small intestine, the core material is safely released to the intestinal tract, and at the moment, the organophosphorus degrading enzyme starts to play a key role to specifically degrade organophosphorus pesticide residues in animal bodies. According to the organic phosphorus degrading enzyme composition disclosed by the invention, the dandelion extract and the modified calcium alginate not only play a significant role in enhancing the activity of the organic phosphorus degrading enzyme, but also generate an excellent compound synergistic effect under the mutual synergism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of feed additives, and in particular to a feed additive for degrading pesticides in animals and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, organophosphorus pesticides account for nearly 70% of the pesticides used in my country, and the most common organophosphorus pesticides are dichlorvos, dimethoate, trichlorfon, chlorpyrifos, glyphosate, etc. After poultry eats feed containing pesticide residues, humans ingest these poultry through the food chain, and the pesticide residues will enter the human body, thereby posing potential risks and threats to human health.

[0003] Based on this, the present invention designs a feed additive for degrading pesticides in animals and a preparation method thereof to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a feed additive for degrading pesticides in animals and a preparation method thereof.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A feed additive for degrading pesticides in animals, comprising a core material, a first wall material wrapped outside the core material, and a second wall material wrapped outside the first wall material;

[0007] The core material comprises 13-21 parts of dandelion extract, 8-14 parts of resveratrol and 7-10 parts of organophosphorus degrading enzyme;

[0008] The first wall material includes 11-16 parts of pectin and 24-29 parts of modified calcium alginate;

[0009] The second wall material is barium sulfate coated with calcium carbonate.

[0010] A method for preparing a feed additive for degrading pesticides in animals comprises the following steps:

[0011] Step 1, 13-21 parts of dandelion extract, 8-14 parts of resveratrol and 7-10 parts of organophosphorus degrading enzyme are granulated by dry method to obtain core material;

[0012] Step 2: Mix 11-16 parts of pectin with 24-29 parts of modified calcium alginate to obtain a first wall material, and coat the first wall material to the outside of the core material through a coating machine to obtain an intermediate;

[0013] Step 3, coating 42-56 portions of the second wall material on the outside of the intermediate by a coating machine to obtain the feed additive;

[0014] The preparation method of the dandelion extract comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1. Crush 15-20 parts of dandelion, add 40-45 parts of water, 18-22 parts of corn flour and 0.5-0.8 parts of complex enzyme, mix well, heat to 40-42°C, and perform enzymolysis to obtain mixture A;

[0016] S2. When the mixture A is naturally cooled to 28-30°C, activated dry yeast is added, the pH is adjusted to 4.2-4.5, and fermented for 5-7 hours to obtain a fermentation liquid;

[0017] S3, centrifuge the fermentation broth for 3-5 minutes, take the supernatant, add an equal amount of water, centrifuge again for 3-5 minutes, and take the supernatant;

[0018] S4, extracting the dandelion extract in the supernatant by using n-butanol as an extractant, recovering the n-butanol by rotary evaporation, and vacuum drying the remaining liquid after rotary evaporation to obtain the dandelion extract;

[0019] The preparation method of the modified calcium alginate comprises the following steps:

[0020] S1. Pretreatment of calcium alginate by alkali dissolution and acid precipitation;

[0021] 14-23 parts of calcium alginate are placed in water, the pH is adjusted to alkaline by sodium hydroxide solution to dissolve the calcium alginate, the mixture is stirred at 150-300 r / min for 10-15 min, the pH is adjusted to acidic by HCl solution, the mixture is stirred at 150-300 r / min for 2-3 min, calcium alginate is precipitated, the mixture is allowed to stand for 20-25 min, the precipitate is collected by centrifugation, and the precipitate is freeze-dried to obtain pretreated calcium alginate;

[0022] S2. Preparation of modifier:

[0023] Dissolve the proanthocyanidin B2 phospholipid complex in methanol, preheat to 50-60°C, add 16-19 parts of acetic acid solution containing chitosan dropwise, stir at a speed of 150-300 r / min, and heat at a speed of 1-2°C / min. After the addition is completed, keep warm for 10-15 minutes, evaporate and concentrate to obtain a modifier;

[0024] S3, adding ether to the modifier until it is completely dissolved, and then removing the solvent by rotary evaporation to form a uniform film at the bottom of the round-bottom flask;

[0025] S4, scraping out the film and fully mixing it with the pretreated calcium alginate, and then performing high-pressure homogenization treatment to obtain modified calcium alginate.

[0026] Furthermore, the mass ratio of saccharifying enzyme, pectinase, cellulase and acid protease in the complex enzyme is 50-62:10-13:15-23:13-18.

[0027] Furthermore, the specific preparation method of the mixture A is: crush 15-20 parts of dandelions to 40-50 mesh, add 40-45 parts of water, 18-22 parts of corn flour and 0.5-0.8 parts of complex enzyme, mix well, heat to 40-42°C and perform enzymolysis for 20-30 minutes to obtain the mixture A.

[0028] Furthermore, the centrifugation of the fermentation broth is specifically as follows: the fermentation broth is centrifuged at 3000-4000 r / min for 3-5 min, the supernatant is taken, an equal amount of water is added, and the fermentation broth is centrifuged again at 3000-4000 r / min for 3-5 min, and the supernatant is taken.

[0029] Furthermore, in the extraction step of the dandelion extract, the volume ratio of n-butanol to the supernatant is 1-1.2:1.

[0030] Furthermore, the specific steps of pretreating calcium alginate by alkali dissolution and acid precipitation are as follows: placing 14-23 parts of calcium alginate in 20-30 times of water, adjusting the pH to 10-11 with a 1.0 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution to dissolve the calcium alginate, stirring at 150-300 r / min for 10-15 min, adjusting the pH to 3-4 with a 1.0 mol / L HCl solution, stirring at 150-300 r / min for 2-3 min, at which time calcium alginate precipitates, standing for 20-25 min, centrifuging to obtain the precipitate, and freeze-drying to obtain the pretreated calcium alginate.

[0031] Furthermore, the preparation steps of the modifier are specifically as follows: 4-8 parts of proanthocyanidin B2 phospholipid complex are dissolved in 52-68 parts of methanol, preheated to 50-60°C, and then 16-19 parts of acetic acid solution containing 25-36% chitosan are added dropwise at a rate of 6-8 drops / min, while stirring at a speed of 150-300r / min, and heating at a rate of 1-2°C / min. After the addition is completed, the mixture is kept warm for 10-15 minutes, and evaporated and concentrated to obtain the modifier.

[0032] Furthermore, the high-pressure homogenization treatment is specifically as follows: scraping out the film and fully mixing it with the pretreated calcium alginate, and then placing it in a high-pressure homogenizer, and performing homogenization treatment 2-3 times at a homogenization pressure of 10000-12000psi to obtain the modified calcium alginate.

[0033] Furthermore, the preparation method of the second wall material comprises the following steps:

[0034] S1, adding 7-12 parts of barium sulfate to 60-70 parts of calcium hydroxide solution with a pH of 11-12 to prepare a suspension, introducing carbon dioxide into the suspension at a rate of 40-50 mL / min while stirring, and the calcium ions in the suspension generate calcium carbonate with the suspended barium sulfate as nucleus, to obtain a mixture C;

[0035] S2. Filter and dry the mixture C to obtain barium sulfate coated with calcium carbonate, which is the second wall material.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] When the second wall material of the present invention dissolves in gastric juice, the first wall material with modified calcium alginate as the core is slowly exposed to the complex environment of the stomach. As a mild enteric-soluble substance, modified calcium alginate can maintain the stability of its structure in acidic gastric juice and effectively prevent the core material from contacting the gastric juice too early. As the first wall material gradually dissolves in the small intestine, the core material can be safely released into the intestine. At this time, the organophosphorus degrading enzyme carried by it begins to play its key role and specifically degrades the organophosphorus pesticide residues in the animal body.

[0038] It is particularly worth mentioning that the dandelion extract and modified calcium alginate not only significantly enhance the activity of organophosphorus degrading enzymes, but also produce an excellent compound synergistic effect under mutual synergy. This means that when the two are used in combination, the degradation efficiency of organophosphorus degrading enzymes on organophosphorus pesticides can be greatly improved, showing a more outstanding purification ability. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Embodiment 1

[0041] This embodiment provides a feed additive for degrading pesticides in animals, comprising the following steps:

[0042] 1) Preparation of dandelion extract:

[0043] S1, crush 20kg of dandelion into 50 mesh, add 45kg of water, 22kg of corn flour and 0.8kg of complex enzyme, mix well, heat to 42℃ and perform enzymolysis for 30min to obtain mixture A;

[0044] S2, when the mixture A is naturally cooled to 30°C, activated dry yeast is added, the pH is adjusted to 4.5, and fermented for 7 hours to obtain a fermentation liquid;

[0045] S3, centrifuge the fermentation broth at 4000 r / min for 5 min, take the supernatant, add an equal amount of water, centrifuge again at 4000 r / min for 5 min, and take the supernatant;

[0046] S4, extracting the dandelion extract from the supernatant by using n-butanol as an extractant, wherein the volume ratio of n-butanol to the supernatant is 1.2:1; recovering the n-butanol by rotary evaporation, and vacuum drying the remaining liquid after rotary evaporation to obtain the dandelion extract;

[0047] The mass ratio of saccharifying enzyme (i.e. starch hydrolyzing enzyme), pectinase, cellulase and acid protease in the complex enzyme is 62:13:23:18;

[0048] 2) preparing modified calcium alginate;

[0049] S1. Pretreatment of calcium alginate by alkali dissolution and acid precipitation;

[0050] 23 kg of calcium alginate was placed in 30 times of water, the pH was adjusted to 11 by 1.0 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution to dissolve the calcium alginate, and the mixture was stirred at 300 r / min for 15 min. The pH was adjusted to 4 by 1.0 mol / L HCl solution, and the mixture was stirred at 300 r / min for 3 min, at which time calcium alginate was precipitated. After standing for 25 min, the precipitate was centrifuged and freeze-dried to obtain pretreated calcium alginate;

[0051] S2. Preparation of modifier:

[0052] 8 kg of proanthocyanidin B2 phospholipid complex was dissolved in 68 kg of methanol, preheated to 60°C, and then 19 kg of acetic acid solution containing 36% chitosan was added dropwise at a rate of 8 drops / min, while stirring at a rate of 300 r / min and heating at a rate of 2°C / min. After the addition was completed, the mixture was kept warm for 15 minutes and evaporated to obtain a modifier;

[0053] S3, adding ether to the modifier until it is completely dissolved, and then removing the solvent by rotary evaporation to form a uniform film at the bottom of the round-bottom flask;

[0054] S4, scraping out the film and mixing it with the pretreated calcium alginate, placing it in a high-pressure homogenizer, and performing homogenization treatment three times at a homogenization pressure of 12000 psi to obtain modified calcium alginate;

[0055] 3) Preparing the second wall material, comprising the following steps:

[0056] S1, adding 12 kg of barium sulfate to 70 kg of calcium hydroxide solution with a pH of 12 to prepare a suspension, introducing carbon dioxide into the suspension at a rate of 50 mL / min while stirring, and the calcium ions in the suspension generate calcium carbonate with the suspended barium sulfate as nucleus, to obtain a mixture C;

[0057] S2, filtering and drying the mixture C to obtain barium sulfate coated with calcium carbonate, which is the second wall material;

[0058] 4) 21 kg of dandelion extract, 14 kg of resveratrol and 10 kg of organophosphorus degrading enzyme were granulated by dry method to obtain core material;

[0059] 5) 16 kg of pectin and 29 kg of modified calcium alginate are mixed to obtain a first wall material, and the first wall material is coated on the outside of the core material by a coating machine to obtain an intermediate;

[0060] 6) 56 kg of the second wall material is coated on the outside of the intermediate by a coating machine to obtain a feed additive for degrading pesticides in animals.

[0061] Among them, the proanthocyanidin B2 phospholipid complex is taken from Liang Lisha, Huang Tingting, Huang Dongyi, et al. Preparation process optimization and characterization of proanthocyanidin B2 phospholipid complex [J]. Modern Food 2024, 30(12): 98-101. DOI: 10.16736 / j.cnki.cn41-1434 / ts.2024.12.032.

[0062] Embodiment 2

[0063] This embodiment provides a feed additive for degrading pesticides in animals, comprising the following steps:

[0064] 1) Preparation of dandelion extract:

[0065] S1, crush 15kg of dandelion into 40 mesh, add 40kg of water, 18kg of corn flour and 0.5kg of complex enzyme, mix well, heat to 40℃ and perform enzymolysis for 20min to obtain mixture A;

[0066] S2, when the mixture A is naturally cooled to 28°C, activated dry yeast is added, the pH is adjusted to 4.2, and fermented for 5 hours to obtain a fermentation liquid;

[0067] S3, centrifuge the fermentation broth at 3000 r / min for 3 min, take the supernatant, add an equal amount of water, centrifuge again at 3000 r / min for 3 min, and take the supernatant;

[0068] S4, extracting the dandelion extract from the supernatant by using n-butanol as an extractant, wherein the volume ratio of n-butanol to the supernatant is 1:1; recovering the n-butanol by rotary evaporation, and vacuum drying the remaining liquid after rotary evaporation to obtain the dandelion extract;

[0069] The mass ratio of saccharifying enzyme, pectinase, cellulase and acid protease in the complex enzyme is 50:10:15:13;

[0070] 2) preparing modified calcium alginate;

[0071] S1. Pretreatment of calcium alginate by alkali dissolution and acid precipitation;

[0072] 14 kg of calcium alginate was placed in 20 times of water, the pH was adjusted to 10 by 1.0 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution to dissolve the calcium alginate, and the mixture was stirred at 150 r / min for 10 min. The pH was adjusted to 3 by 1.0 mol / L HCl solution, and the mixture was stirred at 150 r / min for 2 min, at which time calcium alginate was precipitated. The precipitate was centrifuged after standing for 20 min, and freeze-dried to obtain pretreated calcium alginate;

[0073] S2. Preparation of modifier:

[0074] Take 4 kg of proanthocyanidin B2 phospholipid complex and dissolve it in 52 kg of methanol. After preheating to 50 ° C, add 16 kg of acetic acid solution containing 25% chitosan dropwise at a rate of 6 drops / min, stir at a rate of 150 r / min, and heat at a rate of 1 ° C / min. After the addition is completed, keep warm for 10 minutes, evaporate and concentrate to obtain the modifier;

[0075] S3, adding ether to the modifier until it is completely dissolved, and then removing the solvent by rotary evaporation to form a uniform film at the bottom of the round-bottom flask;

[0076] S4, scraping out the film and mixing it with the pretreated calcium alginate, placing it in a high-pressure homogenizer, and performing homogenization twice at a homogenization pressure of 10000 psi to obtain modified calcium alginate;

[0077] 3) Preparing the second wall material, comprising the following steps:

[0078] S1, adding 7 kg of barium sulfate to 60 kg of calcium hydroxide solution with a pH of 11 to prepare a suspension, introducing carbon dioxide into the suspension at a rate of 40 mL / min while stirring, and the calcium ions in the suspension generate calcium carbonate with the suspended barium sulfate as nucleus, to obtain a mixture C;

[0079] S2, filtering and drying the mixture C to obtain barium sulfate coated with calcium carbonate, which is the second wall material;

[0080] 4) 13 kg of dandelion extract, 8 kg of resveratrol and 7 kg of organophosphorus degrading enzyme were granulated by dry method to obtain core material;

[0081] 5) mixing 11 kg of pectin with 24 kg of modified calcium alginate to obtain a first wall material, and coating the first wall material on the outside of the core material by a coating machine to obtain an intermediate;

[0082] 6) 42 kg of the second wall material is coated on the outside of the intermediate by a coating machine to obtain a feed additive for degrading pesticides in animals.

[0083] Embodiment 3

[0084] This embodiment provides a feed additive for degrading pesticides in animals, comprising the following steps:

[0085] 1) Preparation of dandelion extract:

[0086] S1, crush 17kg of dandelion into 40 mesh, add 42kg of water, 21kg of corn flour and 0.6kg of complex enzyme, mix well, heat to 42℃ and perform enzymolysis for 28min to obtain mixture A;

[0087] S2, when the mixture A is naturally cooled to 28°C, activated dry yeast is added, the pH is adjusted to 4.3, and fermented for 5 hours to obtain a fermentation liquid;

[0088] S3, centrifuge the fermentation broth at 3200 r / min for 3 min, take the supernatant, add an equal amount of water, centrifuge again at 3400 r / min for 4 min, and take the supernatant;

[0089] S4, extracting the dandelion extract from the supernatant by using n-butanol as an extractant, wherein the volume ratio of n-butanol to the supernatant is 1:1; recovering the n-butanol by rotary evaporation, and vacuum drying the remaining liquid after rotary evaporation to obtain the dandelion extract;

[0090] The mass ratio of saccharifying enzyme, pectinase, cellulase and acid protease in the complex enzyme is 55:11:18:16;

[0091] 2) preparing modified calcium alginate;

[0092] S1. Pretreatment of calcium alginate by alkali dissolution and acid precipitation;

[0093] 17 kg of calcium alginate was placed in 30 times of water, the pH was adjusted to 11 by 1.0 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution to dissolve the calcium alginate, and the mixture was stirred at 200 r / min for 15 min. The pH was adjusted to 3.8 by 1.0 mol / L HCl solution, and the mixture was stirred at 200 r / min for 3 min, at which time calcium alginate was precipitated. After standing for 25 min, the precipitate was centrifuged and freeze-dried to obtain pretreated calcium alginate;

[0094] S2. Preparation of modifier:

[0095] Take 6 kg of proanthocyanidin B2 phospholipid complex and dissolve it in 60 kg of methanol. After preheating to 53 ° C, add 17 kg of acetic acid solution containing 28% chitosan dropwise at a rate of 6 drops / min, stir at a rate of 210 r / min, and heat at a rate of 2 ° C / min. After the addition is completed, keep warm for 15 minutes, evaporate and concentrate to obtain the modifier;

[0096] S3, adding ether to the modifier until it is completely dissolved, and then removing the solvent by rotary evaporation to form a uniform film at the bottom of the round-bottom flask;

[0097] S4, scraping out the film and mixing it with the pretreated calcium alginate, placing it in a high-pressure homogenizer, and performing homogenization treatment three times at a homogenization pressure of 12000 psi to obtain modified calcium alginate;

[0098] 3) Preparing the second wall material, comprising the following steps:

[0099] S1, adding 11 kg of barium sulfate to 65 kg of calcium hydroxide solution with a pH of 11 to prepare a suspension, introducing carbon dioxide into the suspension at a rate of 48 mL / min while stirring, and the calcium ions in the suspension generate calcium carbonate with the suspended barium sulfate as nucleus, to obtain a mixture C;

[0100] S2, filtering and drying the mixture C to obtain barium sulfate coated with calcium carbonate, which is the second wall material;

[0101] 4) 18 kg of dandelion extract, 10 kg of resveratrol and 7 kg of organophosphorus degrading enzyme were granulated by dry method to obtain core material;

[0102] 5) 15 kg of pectin and 27 kg of modified calcium alginate are mixed to obtain a first wall material, and the first wall material is coated on the outside of the core material by a coating machine to obtain an intermediate;

[0103] 6) 55 kg of the second wall material is coated on the outside of the intermediate by a coating machine to obtain a feed additive for degrading pesticides in animals.

[0104] Comparative Example 1

[0105] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that: no dandelion extract is added;

[0106] This comparative example provides a feed additive for degrading pesticides in animals, comprising the following steps:

[0107] 1) Preparing modified calcium alginate;

[0108] S1. Pretreatment of calcium alginate by alkali dissolution and acid precipitation;

[0109] 17 kg of calcium alginate was placed in 30 times of water, the pH was adjusted to 11 by 1.0 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution to dissolve the calcium alginate, and the mixture was stirred at 200 r / min for 15 min. The pH was adjusted to 3.8 by 1.0 mol / L HCl solution, and the mixture was stirred at 200 r / min for 3 min, at which time calcium alginate was precipitated. After standing for 25 min, the precipitate was centrifuged and freeze-dried to obtain pretreated calcium alginate;

[0110] S2. Preparation of modifier:

[0111] Take 6 kg of proanthocyanidin B2 phospholipid complex and dissolve it in 60 kg of methanol. After preheating to 53 ° C, add 17 kg of acetic acid solution containing 28% chitosan dropwise at a rate of 6 drops / min, stir at a rate of 210 r / min, and heat at a rate of 2 ° C / min. After the addition is completed, keep warm for 15 minutes, evaporate and concentrate to obtain the modifier;

[0112] S3, adding ether to the modifier until it is completely dissolved, and then removing the solvent by rotary evaporation to form a uniform film at the bottom of the round-bottom flask;

[0113] S4, scraping out the film and mixing it with the pretreated calcium alginate, placing it in a high-pressure homogenizer, and performing homogenization treatment three times at a homogenization pressure of 12000 psi to obtain modified calcium alginate;

[0114] 2) Preparing the second wall material, comprising the following steps:

[0115] S1, adding 11 kg of barium sulfate to 65 kg of calcium hydroxide solution with a pH of 11 to prepare a suspension, introducing carbon dioxide into the suspension at a rate of 48 mL / min while stirring, and the calcium ions in the suspension generate calcium carbonate with the suspended barium sulfate as nucleus, to obtain a mixture C;

[0116] S2, filtering and drying the mixture C to obtain barium sulfate coated with calcium carbonate, which is the second wall material;

[0117] 3) 10 kg of resveratrol and 7 kg of organophosphorus degrading enzyme are granulated by dry method to obtain core material;

[0118] 4) 15 kg of pectin and 27 kg of modified calcium alginate are mixed to obtain a first wall material, and the first wall material is coated on the outside of the core material by a coating machine to obtain an intermediate;

[0119] 5) 55 kg of the second wall material is coated on the outside of the intermediate by a coating machine to obtain a feed additive for degrading pesticides in animals.

[0120] Comparative Example 2

[0121] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that: calcium alginate is not modified;

[0122] This comparative example provides a feed additive for degrading pesticides in animals, comprising the following steps:

[0123] 1) Preparation of dandelion extract:

[0124] S1, crush 17kg of dandelion into 40 mesh, add 42kg of water, 21kg of corn flour and 0.6kg of complex enzyme, mix well, heat to 42℃ and perform enzymolysis for 28min to obtain mixture A;

[0125] S2, when the mixture A is naturally cooled to 28°C, activated dry yeast is added, the pH is adjusted to 4.3, and fermented for 5 hours to obtain a fermentation liquid;

[0126] S3, centrifuge the fermentation broth at 3200 r / min for 3 min, take the supernatant, add an equal amount of water, centrifuge again at 3400 r / min for 4 min, and take the supernatant;

[0127] S4, extracting the dandelion extract from the supernatant by using n-butanol as an extractant, wherein the volume ratio of n-butanol to the supernatant is 1:1; recovering the n-butanol by rotary evaporation, and vacuum drying the remaining liquid after rotary evaporation to obtain the dandelion extract;

[0128] The mass ratio of saccharifying enzyme, pectinase, cellulase and acid protease in the complex enzyme is 55:11:18:16;

[0129] 2) Preparing the second wall material, comprising the following steps:

[0130] S1, adding 11 kg of barium sulfate to 65 kg of calcium hydroxide solution with a pH of 11 to prepare a suspension, introducing carbon dioxide into the suspension at a rate of 48 mL / min while stirring, and the calcium ions in the suspension generate calcium carbonate with the suspended barium sulfate as nucleus, to obtain a mixture C;

[0131] S2, filtering and drying the mixture C to obtain barium sulfate coated with calcium carbonate, which is the second wall material;

[0132] 3) 18 kg of dandelion extract, 10 kg of resveratrol and 7 kg of organophosphorus degrading enzyme were granulated by dry method to obtain core material;

[0133] 4) 15 kg of pectin and 27 kg of calcium alginate are mixed to obtain a first wall material, and the first wall material is coated on the outside of the core material by a coating machine to obtain an intermediate;

[0134] 5) 55 kg of the second wall material is coated on the outside of the intermediate by a coating machine to obtain a feed additive for degrading pesticides in animals.

[0135] Comparative Example 3

[0136] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that: no dandelion extract is added, and calcium alginate is not modified;

[0137] This comparative example provides a feed additive for degrading pesticides in animals, comprising the following steps:

[0138] 1) Preparing the second wall material, comprising the following steps:

[0139] S1, adding 11 kg of barium sulfate to 65 kg of calcium hydroxide solution with a pH of 11 to prepare a suspension, introducing carbon dioxide into the suspension at a rate of 48 mL / min while stirring, and the calcium ions in the suspension generate calcium carbonate with the suspended barium sulfate as nucleus, to obtain a mixture C;

[0140] S2, filtering and drying the mixture C to obtain barium sulfate coated with calcium carbonate, which is the second wall material;

[0141] 2) 10 kg of resveratrol and 7 kg of organophosphorus degrading enzyme are granulated by dry method to obtain core material;

[0142] 3) 15 kg of pectin and 27 kg of calcium alginate are mixed to obtain a first wall material, and the first wall material is coated on the outside of the core material by a coating machine to obtain an intermediate;

[0143] 4) 55 kg of the second wall material is coated on the outside of the intermediate by a coating machine to obtain a feed additive for degrading pesticides in animals.

[0144] Experimental example

[0145] 80 SPF SD male rats with an average body weight of 241-298 g were selected and randomly divided into a control group (group 1), a model group (group 2), and a treatment group (groups 3-8), with 10 rats in each group. The rats in each group were grown at room temperature and had free access to food and water for 2 weeks. The experiment was conducted in accordance with the Regulations on the Administration of Laboratory Animals.

[0146] Among them, rats in group 1 were injected with normal saline three times a day, with an interval of 4 h between each injection and 4 mL each time;

[0147] Weigh 0.5 g of 77.5% dichlorvos emulsifiable concentrate and prepare it into a 4% dichlorvos solution with distilled water. The two groups of rats were injected 3 times a day (2 mL of dichlorvos solution and 2 mL of normal saline), with an interval of 4 hours between each injection.

[0148] The feed additives prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were prepared into 5% feed additive solutions, and groups 3-8 of rats were injected 3 times a day (2 mL of dichlorvos solution and 2 mL of each feed additive solution), with an interval of 4 hours between each injection;

[0149] After 2 weeks, the pesticide residues in the rats of each group were detected as follows: after protein precipitation with acetonitrile, the average value P (unit: μg / L) of organophosphorus pesticide content in the serum and urine of the rats was determined by LC / LC / ES-MS / MS, with a detection limit of 0.1 μg / L;

[0150]

[0151] The working principle of the feed additive prepared by the present invention is as follows: when the second wall material dissolves in the stomach, the first wall material mainly composed of modified calcium alginate is gradually exposed to the stomach environment. The modified calcium alginate is a mild enteric material and can remain stable in an acidic environment, thereby preventing the core material from being exposed to the stomach environment in advance. When the first wall material dissolves in the intestine, the core material is released into the intestine, and the organophosphorus degrading enzyme acts to degrade the organophosphorus pesticides in the animal body.

[0152] Dandelion extract and modified calcium alginate respectively enhance the effects of organophosphorus degrading enzymes; in addition, the two also produce a compound effect, that is, the combined use of the two can significantly improve the degradation effect of organophosphorus degrading enzymes on organophosphorus pesticides.

[0153] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. Such modifications or replacements will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A feed additive for degrading pesticides in animals, characterized in that: It includes a core material, a first wall material wrapped outside the core material, and a second wall material wrapped outside the first wall material; The core material comprises 13-21 parts of dandelion extract, 8-14 parts of resveratrol and 7-10 parts of organophosphorus degrading enzyme; The first wall material includes 11-16 parts of pectin and 24-29 parts of modified calcium alginate; The second wall material is 42-56 parts of barium sulfate coated with calcium carbonate.

2. A method for preparing a feed additive for degrading pesticides in animals as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, 13-21 parts of dandelion extract, 8-14 parts of resveratrol and 7-10 parts of organophosphorus degrading enzyme are granulated by dry method to obtain core material; Step 2: Mix 11-16 parts of pectin with 24-29 parts of modified calcium alginate to obtain a first wall material, and coat the first wall material to the outside of the core material through a coating machine to obtain an intermediate; Step 3, coating 42-56 portions of the second wall material on the outside of the intermediate by a coating machine to obtain the feed additive; The preparation method of the dandelion extract comprises the following steps: S1. Crush 15-20 parts of dandelion, add 40-45 parts of water, 18-22 parts of corn flour and 0.5-0.8 parts of complex enzyme, mix well, heat to 40-42°C, and perform enzymolysis to obtain mixture A; S2. When the mixture A is naturally cooled to 28-30°C, activated dry yeast is added, the pH is adjusted to 4.2-4.5, and fermented for 5-7 hours to obtain a fermentation liquid; S3, centrifuge the fermentation broth for 3-5 minutes, take the supernatant, add an equal amount of water, centrifuge again for 3-5 minutes, and take the supernatant; S4, extracting the dandelion extract in the supernatant by using n-butanol as an extractant, recovering the n-butanol by rotary evaporation, and vacuum drying the remaining liquid after rotary evaporation to obtain the dandelion extract; The preparation method of the modified calcium alginate comprises the following steps: S1. Pretreatment of calcium alginate by alkali dissolution and acid precipitation; 14-23 parts of calcium alginate are placed in water, the pH is adjusted to alkaline by sodium hydroxide solution to dissolve the calcium alginate, the mixture is stirred at 150-300 r / min for 10-15 min, the pH is adjusted to acidic by HCl solution, the mixture is stirred at 150-300 r / min for 2-3 min, calcium alginate is precipitated, the mixture is allowed to stand for 20-25 min, the precipitate is collected by centrifugation, and the precipitate is freeze-dried to obtain pretreated calcium alginate; S2. Preparation of modifier: Dissolve the proanthocyanidin B2 phospholipid complex in methanol, preheat to 50-60°C, add 16-19 parts of acetic acid solution containing chitosan dropwise, stir at a speed of 150-300 r / min, and heat at a speed of 1-2°C / min. After the addition is completed, keep warm for 10-15 minutes, evaporate and concentrate to obtain a modifier; S3, adding ether to the modifier until it is completely dissolved, and then removing the solvent by rotary evaporation to form a uniform film at the bottom of the round-bottom flask; S4, scraping out the film and fully mixing it with the pretreated calcium alginate, and then performing high-pressure homogenization treatment to obtain modified calcium alginate.

3. The method for preparing the feed additive for degrading pesticides in animals according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mass ratio of saccharifying enzyme, pectinase, cellulase and acid protease in the complex enzyme is 50-62:10-13:15-23:13-18.

4. The method for preparing the feed additive for degrading pesticides in animals according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific preparation method of the mixture A is as follows: 15-20 parts of dandelions are crushed into 40-50 meshes, 40-45 parts of water, 18-22 parts of corn flour and 0.5-0.8 parts of complex enzyme are added, the mixture is evenly mixed, and the temperature is raised to 40-42° C. for enzymolysis for 20-30 minutes to obtain the mixture A.

5. The method for preparing the feed additive for degrading pesticides in animals according to claim 2, characterized in that: The centrifugation of the fermentation liquid is specifically as follows: the fermentation liquid is centrifuged at 3000-4000 r / min for 3-5 min, the supernatant is taken, an equal amount of water is added, and the fermentation liquid is centrifuged again at 3000-4000 r / min for 3-5 min, and the supernatant is taken.

6. The method for preparing the feed additive for degrading pesticides in animals according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the extraction step of the dandelion extract, the volume ratio of n-butanol to the supernatant is 1-1.2:

1.

7. The method for preparing the feed additive for degrading pesticides in animals according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific steps of pretreating calcium alginate by alkali dissolution and acid precipitation are as follows: placing 14-23 parts of calcium alginate in 20-30 times water, adjusting the pH to 10-11 with a 1.0 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution to dissolve the calcium alginate, stirring at 150-300 r / min for 10-15 min, adjusting the pH to 3-4 with a 1.0 mol / L HCl solution, stirring at 150-300 r / min for 2-3 min, at which time calcium alginate precipitates, standing for 20-25 min, centrifuging to obtain the precipitate, and freeze-drying to obtain the pretreated calcium alginate.

8. The method for preparing the feed additive for degrading pesticides in animals according to claim 2, characterized in that: The preparation steps of the modifier are as follows: 4-8 parts of proanthocyanidin B2 phospholipid complex are dissolved in 52-68 parts of methanol, preheated to 50-60°C, and then 16-19 parts of acetic acid solution containing 25-36% chitosan are added dropwise at a speed of 6-8 drops / min, while stirring at a speed of 150-300r / min, and heating at a speed of 1-2°C / min. After the dropwise addition is completed, the mixture is kept warm for 10-15 minutes, and evaporated and concentrated to obtain the modifier.

9. The method for preparing the feed additive for degrading pesticides in animals according to claim 2, characterized in that: The high-pressure homogenization treatment is specifically as follows: scraping out the film, fully mixing it with the pretreated calcium alginate, and then placing it in a high-pressure homogenizer, and performing homogenization treatment 2-3 times at a homogenization pressure of 10000-12000psi to obtain the modified calcium alginate.

10. The method for preparing the feed additive for degrading pesticides in animals according to claim 2, characterized in that: The preparation method of the second wall material comprises the following steps: S1, adding 7-12 parts of barium sulfate to 60-70 parts of calcium hydroxide solution with a pH of 11-12 to prepare a suspension, introducing carbon dioxide into the suspension at a rate of 40-50 mL / min while stirring, and the calcium ions in the suspension generate calcium carbonate with the suspended barium sulfate as nucleus, to obtain a mixture C; S2. Filter and dry the mixture C to obtain barium sulfate coated with calcium carbonate, which is the second wall material.

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