Folding type air transportation self-unfolding bridge mechanism

Abstract

The invention discloses a folding type air transportation self-unfolding bridge mechanism which comprises an air hoisting platform, a bridge assembly and a mooring pile assembly. The helicopter is connected to the upper portion of the aerial hoisting platform, the bridge assembly is connected to the lower portion of the aerial hoisting platform, then rapid building of a bridge is achieved, and the mooring pile assembly is connected with the bridge assembly through a steel cable, installed on the ground and used for fixing and adjusting the bridge assembly. Compared with the prior art, on the premise of guaranteeing road emergency traffic and meeting various complex road conditions such as plateaus, mountainous areas and cities, air rapid delivery and unfolding of the bridge assemblies are achieved by fully utilizing air transportation equipment such as helicopters, natural or artificial obstacles are overcome, and then rapid building of the bridge is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to bridge design, and in particular relates to a foldable air-transportable self-deployable bridge mechanism. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous improvement and development of science and technology, the traditional portable bridge with fixed structure can no longer meet people's demand for high-precision, high-quality and highly complex structural design, and its development potential is gradually shrinking. The increasing maturity of processing technology has made new structural methods that are complex and meet design needs gradually emerge. As a structural form that has emerged and is close to life, the folding and unfolding structure has been studied and applied in practice due to its uncertainty of position, diversity of changes, and variability of direction. With the continuous development of new bridge technology, folding bridges, as a special form of bridge, have been put into practical use in both military and civilian fields. Compared with ordinary bridges, folding bridges have complex structural forms, meet the load-bearing requirements after unfolding, and have corresponding adaptation conditions and fully meet the complex characteristics of folding structures and demanding folding rates.

[0003] Air-transportable foldable bridge technology is a foldable bridge that is specially designed to be transported by air. This technical background involves structural design, material selection, folding mechanism, weight control and other aspects, aiming to ensure that the bridge is safe and reliable during air transportation, and can be quickly and easily unfolded and connected. Existing foldable bridges are mostly built manually on site, with complex assembly unit structures, lack of flexibility, slow construction speed, and lack of connection mechanisms between separate bridge components and helicopters. The transportation and installation process is slow and unstable, and is restricted by special terrain. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above problems, the present invention discloses a foldable air-transportable self-deployable bridge mechanism, and also discloses a method for erecting the self-deployable bridge mechanism, thereby ensuring road emergency traffic and meeting various complex road conditions such as plateaus, mountainous areas, and cities, based on making full use of air transportation equipment such as helicopters to achieve rapid aerial delivery and deployment of bridge components, so as to overcome natural or artificial obstacles, thereby realizing rapid transportation of the self-deployable bridge mechanism to key locations, and rapid construction and deployment of bridges.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is implemented by adopting the following scheme: a foldable air-transportable self-expanding bridge mechanism, including an aerial lifting platform, a bridge assembly and a mooring pile assembly; the aerial lifting platform is connected to the aerial transportation equipment on the top and the bridge assembly on the bottom, thereby realizing the rapid construction of the bridge, and the mooring pile assembly is connected to the bridge assembly by a steel cable and installed on the ground, and is used to fix and adjust the bridge assembly.

[0006] A method for erecting a foldable air-transportable self-deployable bridge mechanism, comprising the foldable air-transportable self-deployable bridge mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the specific erection steps are as follows:

[0007] Step 1: Equipment inspection;

[0008] Step 2: The hoisting platform is connected to the helicopter, and the hoisting platform is connected to the bridge assembly;

[0009] Step 3: Preparation stage before bridge erection;

[0010] Step 4: The aerial deployment phase of the bridge components, realizing the aerial deployment of the bridge components;

[0011] Step 5: placing the unfolded bridge assembly on the bridge, fixing the bridge assembly to the ground, and separating the bridge assembly from the aerial lifting platform;

[0012] Step 6: Ground workers bring tools such as plates, rock splitters, pickaxes, etc. to drive piles at the piling point. After the piles are driven to a certain depth and stabilize, they place the anchor winch on the mooring pile.

[0013] Step 7: Fine-tune the axis of the bridge assembly; rotate and tighten the mooring cable by operating the mooring pile assembly to keep the axis of the bridge assembly coincident with the axis of the calibrated bridge, and adjust the self-locking device of the mooring pile assembly to stop the manual winch from rotating;

[0014] Step 8: Ground workers can install railings and reflective stickers on the roadway according to the actual construction environment and the requirements for passing vehicles, and perform simple leveling of the bridge entrances and exits, set up guides, and mark vehicle guide lines to ensure smooth passage of vehicles.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The bridge assembly of the present invention adopts an assembled self-expandable structure, which reduces the weight of a single structure and is easy to carry; the construction process is simple, shortening the erection operation time. In addition, it has high flexibility and can be used not only for air transportation but also for land transportation.

[0017] 2. The present invention designs a special aerial lifting platform to realize the rapid loading, unloading and transportation of bridge components by helicopter;

[0018] 3. The bridge assembly of the present invention has a wide range of applications in complex terrains. Different combinations of the embankment bridge deck and the intermediate bridge deck in the bridge assembly are suitable for different terrain conditions.

[0019] 4. The bridge assembly and mooring pile assembly designed by the present invention can be quickly erected and have a stable structure and can meet the requirements of rapid passage of large vehicles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a hoisting platform provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a guide rail assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a guide rail beam 1-1 provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a first hanging pin assembly 1-2 provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a first connecting member 1-2-1 provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a second connecting member 1-2-2 provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth connecting member 1-2-4 provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a third hanging pin assembly 1-3 provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Fig. 9 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric hoist connection assembly 2 provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Fig.10 is a structural schematic diagram of a second hanging pin assembly 2-1 provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.11 is a schematic structural diagram of a Y-shaped connector 2-1-1 provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pulley 2-1-2 provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting pin 2-1-3 provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting shaft 2-1-4 provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.15 It is a structural schematic diagram of an electric hoist 2-3 provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.16It is a schematic structural diagram of the upper connecting seat 3 provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.17 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the longitudinal beam 3-1 provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.18 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the beam 3-2 provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.19 is a schematic structural diagram of a column 3-3 provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Fig. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of the oblique arm 3-4 provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.21 is a schematic structural diagram of a bridge span mechanism (folding) provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Fig. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of a bridge span mechanism (expanded) provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.23 is a schematic structural diagram of a shore truss piece provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.24 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the quay bridge panel provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.25 is a schematic structural diagram of an anti-skid rutting plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.26 is a schematic structural diagram of an intermediate truss piece provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Fig. 27 It is a schematic diagram of a structure in which trusses are connected by sleeves according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Fig.28 is a schematic structural diagram of a sleeve provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Fig.29 is a structural schematic diagram of a mooring pile assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Fig.30 It is a schematic structural diagram of the overall schematic diagram of a foldable air-transportable bridge provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Fig.31 It is a structural schematic diagram of a bridge entering a pre-installed bridge erection position provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Fig.32It is a schematic diagram of a structure for tightening an outer steel cable provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Fig.33 2. It is a schematic diagram of a structure in which a deck of a quay bridge is kept horizontal according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Fig.34 is a schematic diagram of a structure for releasing an outer steel cable provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Fig.35 is a schematic diagram of the structure of synchronously tightening the inner steel cable in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Fig.36 is a schematic diagram of the structure of synchronously tightening the inner steel cable in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Fig.37 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper bridge deck fully unfolded in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Fig.38 is a schematic structural diagram of releasing the lower truss in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Fig.39 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shore when the bridge assembly is unfolded and the mooring pile assembly is installed according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Fig.40 It is a structural schematic diagram of the aerial adjustment of the bridge assembly after being unfolded according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Fig.41 is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the lower trusses are connected by sleeves in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Fig.42 is a schematic structural diagram of final adjustment of a bridge assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Fig.43 It is a schematic diagram of a bridge deck structure for tidying up a bridge in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Fig.44 It is a structural schematic diagram of vehicles passing through after the bridge is built in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] The following is combined with Figure 1-44 The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0065] The present invention provides a foldable air-transportable self-deployable bridge mechanism, which comprises three assembly units: an aerial hoisting platform, a bridge assembly and a mooring pile assembly; the aerial hoisting platform is connected to a helicopter on the upper side and to the bridge assembly on the lower side, thereby realizing rapid construction of the bridge.

[0066] The aerial hoisting platform includes: an upper connecting seat 3, a guide rail assembly 1, and a hoisting and electric hoist connecting assembly 2

[0067] As Figure 17-21 shown, the upper connecting seat 3 includes a longitudinal beam 3-1, a cross beam 3-2, a column 3-3, an inclined arm 3-4, an L-shaped connecting block 3-5, and a T-shaped connecting block 3-6; the cross beams 3-2 are fixedly connected through the L-shaped connecting blocks 3-5, and the T-shaped connecting block 3-6 and a right-angle connecting block are fixedly connected between the longitudinal beam 3-1 and the cross beam 3-2 to form a "day" - shaped structure. The two layers of "day" - shaped structures are fixedly connected through the columns 3-3, and an inclined arm 3-4 is also provided between the cross beam 3-2 and the column 3-3 to increase the strength and stability of the upper connecting seat 3;

[0068] The cross sections of the longitudinal beam 3-1 and the cross beam 3-2 are I-shaped steel structures; mounting holes for the guide rail assembly 1 are uniformly arranged at fixed intervals on the I-shaped steel structures; after the guide rail assembly 1 is adjusted to an appropriate position, it is realized by bolts and nuts passing through the connection holes on the second connecting member 1-2-2 and the third connecting member 1-2-3 in the first pin assembly 1-2 of the guide rail assembly 1 to fix the guide rail assembly 1;

[0069] A lifting ring for connecting with a helicopter is also provided on the upper part of the upper connecting seat 3;

[0070] The guide rail assembly 1 includes a guide rail beam 1-1 and a first pin assembly 1-2; the upper part of the pin assembly 1-2 is fixedly installed with the longitudinal beam 3-1 of the upper connecting seat 3, and the lower part of the first pin assembly 1-2 is slidably installed with the first layer of guide rail beam 1-1.

[0071] The guide rail beam 1-1 is welded by two axially symmetric frame steels. The cross section of the guide rail beam 1-1 is a structure with a closed upper part and an open lower part. The upper part of the guide rail beam 1-1 (i.e., the connection part of the frame steels) forms a slide rail that cooperates with the first connecting member 1-2-1 in the pin assembly 1-2. The guide rail beam 1-1 is provided with two layers, namely the first layer of guide rail beam and the second layer of guide rail beam, and the two layers of guide rail beams are perpendicular to each other in a cross shape.

[0072] As Figure 4As shown, the first hanging pin assembly 1-2 includes a first connecting member 1-2-1, a second connecting member 1-2-2, a third connecting member 1-2-3, and a fourth connecting member 1-2-4; the second connecting member 1-2-2 is a T-shaped structure, the third connecting member 1-2-3 is fixedly arranged on the upper part of the second connecting member 1-2-2, the lower cylinder of the second connecting member 1-2-2 is provided with a thread, and the upper cylinder of the fourth connecting member 1-2-4 is provided with an external thread, and the two are fixedly connected by threads; the two first connecting members 1-2-1 are connected to the lower part of the fourth connecting member 1-2-4, and then the two first connecting members 1-2-1 are fixedly connected by bolts. The gap formed at the bottom of the two first connecting members 1-2-1 is slidably connected to the slide rail at the upper part of the guide rail beam 1-1, and the guide rail beam 1-1 is slidably connected to the first hanging pin assembly 1-2.

[0073] The second connecting member 1-2-2 and the third connecting member 1-2-3 are coaxially provided with mounting holes for connecting with the mounting holes on the I-shaped steel structure of the longitudinal beam 3-1 and the transverse beam 3-2 of the upper connecting seat 3 through bolts, thereby fixing the guide rail assembly 1 on the platform frame.

[0074] In addition, the guide rail assembly 1 also includes a third hanging pin assembly 1-3, which is used to achieve the connection between the first layer of guide rail beams and the second layer of guide rail beams (two cross-vertical guide rail beams).

[0075] Specifically, the third pin assembly 1-3 includes a first connector 1-2-1, a fourth connector 1-2-4 and a pulley 2-1-2; the upper pulley 2-1-2 of the fourth connector 1-2-4 is fixedly connected, two first connectors 1-2-1 are connected to the lower part of the fourth connector 1-2-4, and then the two first connectors 1-2-1 are fixedly connected by bolts. The wheel of the upper pulley 2-1-2 is slidably installed in the first layer guide rail beam 1-1, and the fourth connector 1-2-4 is slidably installed with the upper slide rail of the second layer guide rail beam 1-1.

[0076] The electric hoist connection assembly 2 includes a second hanging pin assembly 2-1 and an electric hoist 2-3; the electric hoist 2-3 is divided into an electric hoist arranged on the outside and an electric hoist arranged on the inside;

[0077] The electric hoist arranged on the outside is slidably installed with the second-layer guide beam through the second hanging pin assembly 2-1, and is used to lift the quayside bridge panel in the bridge assembly; the electric hoist arranged on the inside is slidably installed with the first-layer guide beam through the second hanging pin assembly 2-1, and is used to lift the middle bridge panel in the bridge assembly.

[0078] The second hanging pin assembly 2-1 includes a Y-shaped connector 2-1-1, a pulley 2-1-2, a connecting pin 2-1-3, and a connecting shaft 2-1-4; both ends of the connecting shaft 2-1-4 are fixedly connected to the pulley 2-1-2, the middle of the connecting shaft 2-1-4 is fixedly connected to the top of the Y-shaped connector 2-1-1, and a connecting pin 2-1-3 is provided at the bottom of the Y-shaped connector 2-1-1, which is hinged to the connecting ring at the top of the electric hoist through the connecting pin 2-1-3. The hook at the bottom of the electric hoist is connected to the lifting ring on the bridge deck in the bridge assembly.

[0079] Among them, the electric hoist is a purchased part.

[0080] The bridge assembly includes a bank bridge deck, an intermediate bridge deck, an anti-skid rutting plate, a bank bridge truss plate and an intermediate truss plate. The bank bridge deck is arranged at two sections of the bridge assembly and is hinged to the intermediate bridge deck. The intermediate bridge decks are hinged to each other. The bank bridge truss plate is hinged to both sides of the bank bridge deck, and the intermediate truss plate is hinged to both sides of the intermediate bridge deck. The anti-skid rutting plate is arranged on the bank bridge deck and the intermediate bridge deck.

[0081] After the truss pieces are lowered, the truss pieces in the same straight line are connected by sleeves.

[0082] The quay bridge deck and the middle bridge deck are both provided with lifting rings connected to the hooks at the bottom of the electric hoist. When in use, the lifting steel cable in the outer electric hoist is connected to the lifting ring on the quay bridge deck, and the lifting steel cable in the inner electric hoist winch is connected to the lifting ring on the middle bridge deck;

[0083] Mooring pile assembly: connected to the bridge assembly by steel cables and installed on the ground, used to adjust the axis of the bridge assembly to keep it coincident with the calibrated bridge axis, and adjust the anchor winch self-locking device to stop the hoist from rotating, ensuring that the bridge is moored and the overall stability is guaranteed.

[0084] The mooring pile assembly includes a locking manual winch 3-1, a pile leg 3-2 and a mooring steel cable. The locking manual winch is fixedly connected to the pile leg. When in use, the pile leg is fixed to the bottom surface. When in use, the mooring steel cable in the locking manual winch 3-1 is connected to the annular buckle on the bridge assembly. The crank on the locking manual winch 3-1 is turned to lock and loosen the mooring steel cable in the locking manual winch 3-1.

[0085] At the same time, a self-locking device is provided on the lock-type manual winch 3-1 to achieve the locking of the mooring cable.

[0086] There are also mooring piles, artificial winches, fixing devices and mooring cables that make up the anchoring device. The mooring pile adopts a quadrangular structure with a maximum sinking depth of 400mm and a pile head of 150mm. It can be driven into most geological soils. Six sets of holes in the middle run through the pile column. The artificial winch adopts a double gear mechanism. The small gear is driven to rotate by turning the crank, and the small gear drives the large gear to rotate, so as to achieve rapid retraction and release of the steel cable. A square pressure-bearing seat is designed on the top to increase the force-bearing area, so as to achieve rapid piling. The fixing device includes a connecting device and a mechanism self-locking device. The connecting device uses bolts and nuts to fix the winch to the lower mooring pile. After the mechanism self-locking device tightens or loosens the steel cable, the positioning and fixing of the steel cable is achieved to prevent the winch from rotating under force, which makes the anchoring ineffective. The mooring steel cable is combined with the overall weight of the folding bridge, and the standard steel cable is adopted in reference to the standard bridge equipment. The steel cable buckle is placed in the annular buckle of the bridge span through the pre-set mooring hole of the winch, and the tension is applied to ensure that the bridge span is smoothly anchored. The present invention also provides an assembled highway steel bridge, comprising the above-mentioned assembled truss bridge, a bridge deck system, a connection system and a bridge foundation, wherein the bridge deck system is installed on the assembled truss bridge, and the assembled truss bridge is fixedly connected to the bridge foundation through the connection system.

[0087] The present invention also discloses a method for erecting a foldable air-transportable self-deployable bridge mechanism, and the specific erection steps are as follows:

[0088] Step 1: Equipment Check:

[0089] Before transporting the bridge components, fold the bridge components through external devices; check whether the various equipment indicators of the hoisting helicopter meet the requirements, and whether the status of the fuselage and various components meet the flight and transportation conditions. Check whether the flight route has been clearly defined and ensure that the map calibration is completed. Check whether the various parts of the hoisting platform have been installed, and check the tightness of the winch cable, which should not be too loose or too tight.

[0090] Step 2: The hoisting platform is connected to the helicopter, and the hoisting platform is connected to the bridge assembly;

[0091] The aerial hoisting platform is connected to the upper helicopter hook and fixed. The hoisting platform is connected to the lower bridge assembly by mobilizing the hoist, and the steel cable is pre-tightened according to the preset requirements to ensure the stability of the bridge hoisting.

[0092] Step 3: Preparation stage before bridge erection;

[0093] Step 3.1: The pilot operates the helicopter to the designated bridge erection area and operates the electric hoist to unfold the bridge from the folded state. The ground commander is responsible for towing the helicopter to fly directly above the river valley obstacle and guiding the unfolding and erection operations.

[0094] Step 3.2: Select the bridge erection location and the deployment operation area and carry out simple marking and leveling operations. Mark the bridge foundation center pile, bridge axis, preset line and pile driving point, and repair the entrance and exit. Measure the width of the obstacle to determine whether it meets the requirements for erection and use. Measure the depth of the obstacle to determine whether the maximum and minimum depths and soil factors meet the requirements. In addition to meeting the requirements of general bridge erection points, the selection of bridge erection points should also meet specific technical requirements. The personnel in the bridge erection area are located on both sides of the bridge erection location to observe the overall aerial status of the bridge, so as to facilitate timely reporting of the bridge deployment situation to ensure safe and smooth bridge deployment.

[0095] Step 4: Bridge assembly aerial deployment stage:

[0096] Step 4.1: The bridge assembly enters the preset bridge position, and the helicopter lifts the folded bridge assembly to the target area through the aerial lifting platform; the ground personnel instruct the helicopter pilot to make the bridge axis and the calibrated bridge axis basically in the same vertical plane and in the center of the obstacle to facilitate the rapid deployment of the preset bridge.

[0097] In order to reduce the impact of external forces during the deployment of bridge components and ensure smooth placement after deployment, the lowest point of the bridge is more than 3m above the ground.

[0098] Step 4.2: The operator controls the hoisting steel cable in the outer electric hoist to tighten, slowly pulls the span of the quay bridge panel to a position slightly below the horizontal position, and then the outer electric hoist winch stops operating;

[0099] Step 4.3: The operator controls the tightening of the lifting steel cable in the inner electric hoist and controls the release of the steel cable in the outer electric hoist at the same time; the lifting steel cable in the inner electric hoist is controlled to be retracted and released so that the lowest end of each section of the middle bridge deck is kept on the same horizontal line;

[0100] Step 4.4: When the middle bridge deck is basically parallel to the ground, the lifting cable in the inner electric hoist is tightened to the maximum, the inner electric hoist stops working, and the lifting cable in the outer electric hoist is slowly tightened to pull up the quay bridge deck until all bridge spans are unfolded to a basically horizontal state.

[0101] Step 4.5: After the bridge span is fully deployed and a confirmation signal is received from the ground commander, the truss cables are loosened, allowing all the lower truss structures to deploy under the action of gravity.

[0102] Step 5: placing the unfolded bridge assembly on the bridge, fixing the bridge assembly to the ground, and separating the bridge assembly from the aerial lifting platform;

[0103] After the lower truss structure is unfolded, the bridge is basically in a fully unfolded state. After receiving the confirmation signal from the ground commander, under their guidance, the pilot operates the helicopter to move slightly to the preset bridge erection position and slowly lowers the height until the bridge span maintains a low height from the ground, connects the anchoring steel cables, and adjusts the preset bridge axis and the bridge foundation baseline position through the anchoring device. Then, after the bridge contacts the ground, it is lowered to a certain height to ensure that the bridge is completely placed on the ground and maintains the hovering state unchanged.

[0104] After the helicopter was in a hovering state, the ground workers quickly went up to the bridge deck and quickly connected the adjacent truss structures at the bottom through sleeves to complete the fixation. Then the workers separated the aerial platform connecting cables from the bridge.

[0105] After all the connecting steel cables are separated from the bridge and the confirmation signal is received from the ground commander, the operator operates the winches in all the electric hoists to tighten the cables. After the steel cables are basically retracted into the winches, the helicopter pilot drives the helicopter to evacuate the erection area.

[0106] Step 6: Ground workers bring tools such as plates, rock splitters, pickaxes, etc. to drive piles at the piling point. After the piles are driven to a certain depth and stabilize, they place the anchor winch on the mooring pile.

[0107] Step 7: Fine-tune the axis of the bridge assembly; four ground operators work together to operate the mooring pile assembly to rotate and tighten the mooring cable. Under the command and coordination of the commander, the bridge is moved slightly laterally so that the axis of the bridge assembly coincides with the calibrated bridge axis. The self-locking device of the mooring pile assembly is adjusted to stop the manual winch 3-1 from rotating, ensuring that the bridge is moored and the overall stability is guaranteed.

[0108] Step 8: Ground workers can install railings and reflective stickers on the roadway according to the actual construction environment and the requirements for passing vehicles, and perform simple leveling of the bridge entrances and exits, set up guides, and mark vehicle guide lines to ensure smooth passage of vehicles.

[0109] In this embodiment, a transport helicopter with a maximum load of more than 22t is used, and the span of the foldable air transportable bridge is 24m, which is suitable for obstacles such as valleys, rivers, and potholes with a maximum span of about 22m. It adopts a lower truss structure, so the lower part needs to have a depth of about 1m. If it is less than 1m, sandbags can be filled without unfolding the truss. If the span of the obstacle is relatively small, for emergency traffic, the assembled unit form of the bridge design can also be used to dismantle the shore bridge section, and then manually fill the entrance and exit after erection. After the bridge is erected and stably anchored, it can be loaded, and its maximum load is 30t for crawlers and 20t for wheeled axle pressure. If the erection environment and conditions are good, the shore anchoring device is firm, and the bridge is intact and undamaged as a whole, it can be appropriately loaded with vehicles with a load greater than 10%. The width of the carriageway is 4m, which basically meets the traffic conditions of most vehicles; if the vehicle chassis is high and the visibility conditions are poor due to weather reasons, temporary railings and reflective stickers can be designed to guide the vehicle to pass safely.

[0110] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Technical actors in this industry should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A foldable air-transportable self-deployable bridge structure, characterized in that: It includes an aerial hoisting platform, a bridge component and a mooring pile component; the aerial hoisting platform is connected to an aerial transportation equipment above and the bridge component below, thereby realizing the rapid construction of the bridge. The mooring pile component is connected to the bridge component through a steel cable and is installed on the ground for fixing and adjusting the bridge component.

2. The foldable air-transportable self-deployable bridge structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The aerial hoisting platform includes an upper connecting seat (3), a guide rail component (1) and a hoisting and electric hoist connecting component (2); the upper connecting seat (3) is connected to a helicopter above, the upper connecting seat (3) is connected to the upper part of the electric hoist connecting component (2) through the guide rail component (1), and the bottom of the electric hoist connecting component (2) is connected to the bridge component.

3. The foldable air-transportable self-deployable bridge structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bridge connecting component of the bridge includes a shore bridge deck, an intermediate bridge deck, an anti-skid rut plate, a shore truss sheet and an intermediate truss sheet. The shore bridge decks are arranged at both ends of the bridge component and are hinged to the intermediate bridge deck, and the intermediate bridge decks are hinged to each other; the shore truss sheets are hinged on both sides of the shore bridge deck, and the intermediate truss sheets are hinged on both sides of the intermediate bridge deck; the anti-skid rut plates are arranged on the shore bridge deck and the intermediate bridge deck.

4. The foldable air-transportable self-deployable bridge structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The upper connecting seat (3) includes a longitudinal beam (3-1), a cross beam (3-2), a column (3-3), an inclined arm (3-4), an L-shaped connecting block (3-5) and a T-shaped connecting block (3-6); the cross beams (3-2) are fixedly connected through the L-shaped connecting blocks (3-5), and the longitudinal beam (3-1) and the cross beam (3-2) are fixedly connected into a "day" - shaped structure through the T-shaped connecting block (3-6) and a right-angle connecting block. The two layers of "day" - shaped structures are fixedly connected through the column (3-3), and an inclined arm (3-4) is also arranged between the cross beam (3-2) and the column (3-3) to increase the strength and stability of the upper connecting seat (3).

5. The foldable air-transportable self-deployable bridge structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The guide rail component (1) includes a guide rail beam (1-1), a first pin assembly (1-2) and a third pin assembly (1-3); the upper part of the pin assembly (1-2) is fixedly installed on the longitudinal beam (3-1) of the upper connecting seat (3), and the lower part of the first pin assembly (1-2) is slidably installed on the first-layer guide rail beam; the first-layer guide rail beam and the second-layer guide rail beam are slidably installed through the third pin assembly (1-3).

6. The foldable air-transportable self-deployable bridge structure according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The first hanging pin assembly (1-2) comprises a first connecting member (1-2-1), a second connecting member (1-2-2), a third connecting member (1-2-3) and a fourth connecting member (1-2-4); the second connecting member (1-2-2) is a T-shaped structure, the third connecting member (1-2-3) is fixedly arranged on the upper part of the second connecting member (1-2-2), a thread is arranged inside the lower cylinder of the second connecting member (1-2-2), and an external thread is arranged on the upper cylinder of the fourth connecting member (1-2-4), and the two are fixedly connected by threads; the two first connecting members (1-2-1) are connected to the lower part of the fourth connecting member (1-2-4), and then the two first connecting members (1-2-1) are fixedly connected. The gap formed at the bottom of the two first connecting members (1-2-1) is slidably connected to the upper slide rail of the guide rail beam (1-1), and the guide rail beam (1-1) is slidably connected to the first hanging pin assembly (1-2); the third hanging pin assembly (1-3) comprises the first connecting member (1-2-1), the fourth connecting member (1-2-4) and the pulley (2-1-2); the upper pulley (2-1-2) of the fourth connecting member (1-2-4) is fixedly connected, the two first connecting members (1-2-1) are connected to the lower part of the fourth connecting member (1-2-4), and then the two first connecting members (1-2-1) are fixedly connected; the wheel of the upper pulley (2-1-2) is slidably installed in the first layer of the guide rail beam (1-1), and the fourth connecting member (1-2-4) is slidably installed with the upper slide rail of the second layer of the guide rail beam (1-1).

7. The foldable air-transportable self-deployable bridge structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The electric hoist connection assembly (2) comprises a second hanging pin assembly (2-1) and an electric hoist (2-3); the electric hoist (2-3) is divided into an electric hoist arranged on the outside and an electric hoist arranged on the inside; the electric hoist arranged on the outside is slidably mounted with the second layer guide rail beam through the second hanging pin assembly (2-1) and is used to lift the quay bridge deck in the bridge assembly; the electric hoist arranged on the inside is slidably mounted with the first layer guide rail beam through the second hanging pin assembly (2-1) and is used to lift the middle bridge deck in the bridge assembly.

8. The foldable air-transportable self-deployable bridge structure according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The second hanging pin assembly (2-1) comprises a Y-shaped connecting piece (2-1-1), a pulley (2-1-2), a connecting pin (2-1-3), and a connecting shaft (2-1-4); both ends of the connecting shaft (2-1-4) are fixedly connected to the pulley (2-1-2), the middle of the connecting shaft (2-1-4) is fixedly connected to the top of the Y-shaped connecting piece (2-1-1), and a connecting pin (2-1-3) is provided at the bottom of the Y-shaped connecting piece (2-1-1), which is hinged to the connecting ring at the top of the electric hoist through the connecting pin (2-1-3).

9. A method for erecting a foldable air-transportable self-deployable bridge structure, characterized in that: The foldable air-transportable self-deployable bridge structure comprising any one of claims 1 to 8 has the following specific erection steps: Step 1: Equipment inspection; Step 2: The hoisting platform is connected to the helicopter, and the hoisting platform is connected to the bridge assembly; Step 3: Preparation stage before bridge erection; Step 4: The aerial deployment phase of the bridge components, realizing the aerial deployment of the bridge components; Step 5: placing the unfolded bridge assembly on the bridge, fixing the bridge assembly to the ground, and separating the bridge assembly from the aerial lifting platform; Step 6: Ground workers bring tools such as plates, rock splitters, pickaxes, etc. to drive piles at the piling point. After the piles are driven to a certain depth and stabilize, they place the anchor winch on the mooring pile. Step 7: Fine-tune the axis of the bridge assembly; rotate and tighten the mooring cable by operating the mooring pile assembly to keep the axis of the bridge assembly coincident with the axis of the calibrated bridge, and adjust the self-locking device of the mooring pile assembly to stop the manual winch from rotating; Step 8: Ground workers can install railings and reflective stickers on the roadway according to the actual construction environment and the requirements for passing vehicles, and perform simple leveling of the bridge entrances and exits, set up guides, and mark vehicle guide lines to ensure smooth passage of vehicles.

10. The foldable air-transportable self-deployable bridge structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The specific steps of step 4 are as follows: Step 4.1: The bridge assembly enters the preset bridge position, and the helicopter hoists the folded bridge assembly to the air above the target area through the aerial hoisting platform; the ground personnel instruct the helicopter pilot to make the bridge axis and the calibrated bridge axis basically in the same vertical plane and in the center of the obstacle, so as to facilitate the rapid deployment of the preset bridge; Step 4.2: The operator controls the hoisting steel cable in the outer electric hoist to tighten, slowly pulls the span of the quay bridge panel to a position slightly below the horizontal position, and then the outer electric hoist winch stops operating; Step 4.3: The operator controls the tightening of the lifting steel cable in the inner electric hoist and controls the release of the steel cable in the outer electric hoist at the same time; the lifting steel cable in the inner electric hoist is controlled to be retracted and released so that the lowest end of each section of the middle bridge deck is kept on the same horizontal line; Step 4.4: When the middle bridge deck is basically parallel to the ground, the lifting cable in the inner electric hoist is tightened to the maximum, the inner electric hoist stops working, and the lifting cable in the outer electric hoist is slowly tightened to pull up the quay bridge deck until all bridge spans are unfolded to a basically horizontal state; Step 4.5: After the bridge span is fully deployed and a confirmation signal is received from the ground commander, the truss cables are loosened, allowing all the lower truss structures to deploy under the action of gravity.

Images