Civil air defense basement structure

Abstract

The civil air defense basement structure comprises an underground closed channel and a basement communicated with the underground closed channel, and a first ventilation system, a second ventilation system, an air detection system and an emergency alarm system are arranged in the basement; the first ventilation system supplies air in the air shaft into the basement in non-wartime; the second ventilation system is used for filtering air in the air shaft and supplying the filtered air into the basement in wartime; the air detection system is used for detecting air quality and smoke amount in the basement; the emergency alarm system is arranged in the emergency danger avoiding room and comprises a standby power supply, a manpower power generation module, an alarm and a communication module, and the alarm and the communication module are used for sending alarm information to the outside. According to the structure, sufficient clean air can be provided during wartime or non-wartime, the safety of personnel in the structure is guaranteed, the smoke dust condition of a basement can be detected, the fire alarm and fire extinguishing capacity is achieved, emergency danger avoiding measures are further provided, and the high protection capacity is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of civil air defense basement construction, and in particular to a civil air defense basement structure. Background Art

[0002] Civil defense basements are underground protective buildings built separately to ensure the shelter of personnel and materials, civil air defense command, medical rescue, etc. during wartime. Its airtightness and ventilation capacity are key parts of personnel safety, but how to ensure ventilation and air quality in a confined space is a difficult problem, so it is crucial to build a ventilation system for the basement. Generally, an air shaft is set up in the basement to provide fresh air for the basement. Most of the existing structures are to set up an air collecting chamber on one side of the air shaft, and then set up a ventilation system in the air collecting chamber to supply air to the basement. This method allows wartime and non-wartime to share a ventilation system, which increases the ventilation cost in non-wartime. In addition, the current air quality detection in the basement is a handheld device, which requires personnel to collect data and then conduct detection and analysis. The measurement efficiency is low and the labor cost is increased. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a civil air defense basement structure, which can provide sufficient clean air in wartime or non-wartime to ensure the safety of people inside, can also detect smoke and dust conditions in the basement, has fire alarm and fire extinguishing capabilities, and also provides emergency avoidance measures, with strong protection capabilities.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A civil air defense basement structure comprises an underground enclosed passage and a basement connected to the underground enclosed passage, wherein a first ventilation system, a second ventilation system, an air detection system and an emergency alarm system are arranged in the basement; the first ventilation system supplies air in an air shaft to the basement in non-wartime; the second ventilation system supplies air in the air shaft to the basement after filtering and poison removal in wartime; the air detection system is used to detect the air quality and smoke volume in the basement; the emergency alarm system is arranged in an emergency shelter, and comprises a backup power supply, a human power generation module, an alarm and a communication module, and the alarm and the communication module are used to send alarm information to the outside world.

[0005] Preferably, the first ventilation system is an air collecting chamber arranged in the basement, the air collecting chamber is connected to the wind shaft and the basement, and the air collecting chamber smoothly transports the wind in the wind shaft to the basement.

[0006] Preferably, the second ventilation system includes an air inlet main line connected to the air shaft, an air filter and a gas filter arranged on the air inlet main line, and a fan arranged on the air inlet main line. In wartime, the air in the air shaft is supplied to the basement through the air filter and the gas filter by the fan.

[0007] Preferably, the air detection system includes an air collection network, an air quality detection unit, a smoke detection and alarm unit, a cleaning unit and a control unit; the air collection network is arranged on the top of the basement, and is used to collect basement air at multiple locations; the air quality detection unit is arranged on the wall and is electrically connected to the control unit, and is used to perform quality detection on the collected air; the smoke detection and alarm unit is arranged on the wall and is electrically connected to the control unit, and is used to perform smoke detection and alarm on the collected air; the cleaning unit is arranged on the wall and is electrically connected to the control unit, and is used to clean the air collection network.

[0008] Preferably, the air collection network includes a plurality of non-combustible gas pipes, and the plurality of non-combustible gas pipes are evenly distributed on the top of the basement; and a plurality of air holes are provided on the non-combustible gas pipes.

[0009] Preferably, the non-combustible gas pipe is installed on the top of the basement through a hanging bracket; the hanging bracket includes a connecting piece fixedly installed on the top of the basement, a hanging rod adjustably installed at the bottom of the connecting piece and a pipe clamp installed at the bottom of the hanging rod, and the non-combustible gas pipe is arranged in the pipe clamp.

[0010] Preferably, a four-way solenoid valve is arranged at one end of the air collection pipe network, and the air quality detection unit, the smoke detection and alarm unit and the cleaning unit are connected to the four-way solenoid valve through an air pipe.

[0011] Preferably, a storage compartment is provided in the emergency shelter, and water, food and emergency medicines are provided in the storage compartment.

[0012] Preferably, an emergency air supply pipe is provided in the emergency shelter, one end of which passes through the wall and is connected to the second ventilation system, and the emergency air supply pipe supplies air to the emergency shelter in wartime.

[0013] In the present invention, the first ventilation system and the second ventilation system are two independent ventilation structures, which can provide air for the basement in both non-wartime and wartime states, and the control is simple and reliable. The first ventilation system adopts natural ventilation, and the wind in the wind shaft is smoothed and stabilized through the air collecting chamber, and then enters the basement, without other power assistance, reducing the cost of the non-wartime ventilation system. When entering the wartime state, the two doors of the air collecting chamber can be closed to quickly cut off the first ventilation system, which is simple and reliable to operate.

[0014] The second ventilation system can filter and detoxify the external air during wartime to ensure that the air entering the basement does not cause harm to personnel. The air is circulated through the installed fans so that the external air can be continuously replenished inside.

[0015] The air detection system can collect and analyze the air quality in the basement, and can also detect smoke and have fire detection capabilities, which improves the safety of the basement. The cleaning unit can be used to clean the air collection network, improve the accuracy of air detection, and avoid the impact of dust in the air collection network on air quality. The air collection network is connected to different detection units through a four-way solenoid valve, which is easy to switch, avoiding the tedious process of manual takeover and improving the diversity of air detection.

[0016] The emergency shelter room can provide an emergency shelter space for personnel in case of fire during wartime or non-wartime. Personnel can call the police and wait for rescue. It has air, water, food and medicine, providing a temporary safe place for personnel and improving the safety of the basement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the basement structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a top view schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the air detection system of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a partial schematic diagram of the installation state of the air collection pipe network of the present invention; In the figure: 1. underground closed passage; 2. basement; 3. first ventilation system; 4. second ventilation system; 5. air detection system; 6. emergency alarm system; 7. air shaft; 40. main air inlet line; 41. air filter; 42. gas filter; 43. fan; 44. differential pressure measuring tube; 45. radioactive monitoring sampling tube; 46. closed valve; 50. air collection network; 51. air quality detection unit; 52. smoke detection and alarm unit; 53. cleaning unit; 54. control unit; 55. hanging bracket; 56. four-way solenoid valve; 60. backup power supply; 61. human power generation module; 62. alarm; 63. communication module; 64. storage compartment; 65. emergency gas supply pipe; 500. non-combustible gas pipe; 501. air hole; 550. connector; 551. hanging rod; 552. pipe clamp. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The structure of a civil air defense basement shown in the figure includes an underground closed passage 1, a basement 2 connected to the underground closed passage 1, and a first ventilation system 3, a second ventilation system 4, an air detection system 5 and an emergency alarm system 6 are arranged in the basement 2. The first ventilation system 3 supplies the wind in the air shaft 7 to the basement 2 in peacetime; in this embodiment, the first ventilation system 3 is a gas collecting chamber arranged in the basement 2, the gas collecting chamber is connected to the air shaft 7 and the basement 2, and the gas collecting chamber smoothly conveys the wind in the air shaft 7 to the basement 2. Specifically, two door openings are opened on the wall of the gas collecting chamber, and two closed protective doors are installed on the two door openings. In peacetime, the two closed protective doors are in an open state, and the wind in the air shaft 7 naturally enters the basement through the gas collecting chamber. The gas collecting chamber can alleviate the flow rate of the wind, so that the wind enters the basement 2 smoothly.

[0019] The second ventilation system 4 filters and filters the air in the air shaft 7 and supplies it to the basement 2 during wartime. In this embodiment, the second ventilation system 4 includes an air inlet main line 40 connected to the air shaft 7, an air filter 41 and a gas filter 42 sealed and fixedly arranged on the air inlet main line 40, and a fan 43 sealed and fixedly arranged on the air inlet main line 40. During wartime, the air in the air shaft 7 is drawn into the interior of the air inlet main line 40 by the fan 43, and supplied to the basement 2 through the air filter 41 and the gas filter 42. The fan 43 adopts an electric and manual dual-purpose fan (operated by manual foot), and can ensure the indoor air supply even in a power outage state. The air inlet main line 40 is also provided with a pressure difference measuring tube 44 for ensuring the pressure in the air inlet main line 40, a radioactive monitoring sampling tube 45 for detecting radioactive substances in the air in the air inlet main line 40, and a plurality of closed valves 46 for controlling the opening and closing of the air inlet main line 40. The pressure difference measuring tube is a hot-dip galvanized steel pipe with a DN15 steel ball valve. A plurality of air outlets are provided on the main air inlet passage 40 , so as to supply air to different rooms in the basement 2 .

[0020] The air detection system 5 is used to detect the air quality and smoke volume in the basement 2. The air detection system 5 is mainly arranged in the personnel working area, and may not be arranged in some equipment rooms, warehouses and other areas. Smoke alarm devices can be arranged separately in such areas.

[0021] The air detection system 5 includes an air collection network 50, an air quality detection unit 51, a smoke detection and alarm unit 52, a cleaning unit 53 and a control unit 54; the control unit 5 uses a computer with management software, and a program for controlling the normal operation of the system is set in the management software in the computer, so that the system operates according to a preset program or a corresponding control instruction. The computer is connected to a display, and the information of the detection and analysis is displayed on the display. The computer is also connected to the network through a network interface, and this information can be transmitted to facilitate the synchronous control of multiple systems. A voice player is also connected to the computer to warn of the dangerous information obtained by the measurement.

[0022] The air collection network 50 is arranged at the top of the basement 2, and is used to collect air from multiple locations of the basement 2 synchronously, so that the air is collected more evenly. The air collection network 50 includes a plurality of non-combustible gas pipes 500, which are evenly arranged at the top of the basement 2. A plurality of air holes 501 are arranged on the non-combustible gas pipes 500, and the air holes 501 connect the inner cavity of the non-combustible gas pipes 500 with the atmosphere. The air holes 501 are arranged downward, and during operation, the air holes 501 suck the air below into the non-combustible gas pipes 500. In this embodiment, the non-combustible gas pipes 500 are made of stainless steel pipes.

[0023] The non-combustible gas pipe 500 is installed on the top of the basement 2 through a hanging bracket 55; the hanging bracket 55 includes a connector 550 fixedly installed on the top of the basement 2 through an expansion bolt, a hanger 551 adjustably installed at the bottom of the connector 550 through a nut, and a pipe clamp 552 installed at the bottom of the hanger 551 through a nut. The non-combustible gas pipe 500 is arranged in the pipe clamp 552, and the installation height of the non-combustible gas pipe 500 is adjusted by adjusting the installation position of the two ends of the hanger 551. The non-combustible gas pipe 500 is 200 to 500 mm away from the top of the basement. In a preferred embodiment, a rubber plug is detachably arranged on the air hole 501. When the system is not used for a long time, the rubber plug can be plugged into the air hole 501 to ensure the cleanliness of the non-combustible gas pipe 500.

[0024] The air quality detection unit 51 is set on the wall and electrically connected to the control unit 54, and is used to detect the quality of the collected air; the air quality detection unit 51 uses mature products in the market, and specifically can use the GR-2016 civil air defense project air quality safety monitor, and can also choose other detection instruments according to specific needs. The smoke detection and alarm unit 52 is set on the wall and electrically connected to the control unit 54, and is used to detect smoke and alarm the collected air. In this embodiment, the smoke detection and alarm unit 52 uses the Aihua brand aspirating smoke fire detector, and of course other brands and models of smoke detection and alarm units 52 can also be selected on the market.

[0025] The cleaning unit 53 is arranged on the wall and electrically connected to the control unit 54, and is used to clean the air collection network 50. The cleaning unit 53 can blow high-pressure air or water into the non-combustible gas pipe 500 to clean the inner wall thereof to prevent oil and dust from clogging the hole. Of course, an air freshener for adjusting the air quality can also be blown into the non-combustible gas pipe 500 through the cleaning unit 53, and carbon dioxide can also be blown into the non-combustible gas pipe 500 for fire extinguishing, thereby improving the fire control capability.

[0026] A four-way solenoid valve 56 is provided at one end where the air collection pipe network 50 is gathered. The air quality detection unit 51, the smoke detection and alarm unit 52 and the cleaning unit 53 are connected to the four-way solenoid valve 56 through the air pipe. During operation, the control unit 54 controls the on-off of the four-way solenoid valve 56 so that different working units are connected to the air collection pipe network 50. Specifically, a four-way solenoid valve 56 is provided on each non-combustible gas pipe 500. The air quality detection unit 51, the smoke detection and alarm unit 52 and the cleaning unit 53 are 1400 to 1600 mm from the ground. In this embodiment, the air quality detection unit 51, the smoke detection and alarm unit 52 and the cleaning unit 53 are 1500 mm from the ground.

[0027] The emergency alarm system 6 is arranged in the emergency shelter room, including a backup power supply 60, a human power generation module 61, an alarm 62 and a communication module 63, and the alarm 62 and the communication module 63 are used to send alarm information to the outside world. Specifically, the communication module 6362 uses a GMS voice caller or a telephone; the alarm 62 uses a J-SAP-M-M500K / P manual alarm. A storage compartment 64 is arranged in the emergency shelter room, and water, food and emergency medicines are stored in the storage compartment 64, and such items are replaced regularly. An emergency air supply pipe 65 is arranged in the emergency shelter room, and one end of the emergency air supply pipe 65 passes through the wall and is connected to the air inlet main line 40 in the second ventilation system 4. The emergency air supply pipe 65 supplies air to the emergency shelter room in wartime. In the event of a fire in wartime or non-wartime, the emergency shelter room provides an emergency shelter space for personnel, in which they can make an alarm and wait for rescue. It has air, water, food and medicine, providing a temporary safety place for personnel, and improving the safety of the basement 2.

[0028] The above embodiments are only some illustrations of the concept and implementation of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the same. Under the concept of the present invention, technical solutions that have not been substantially changed are still within the scope of protection.

Claims

1. A civil air defense basement structure, comprising an underground closed passage and a basement connected to the underground closed passage, characterized in that: A first ventilation system, a second ventilation system, an air detection system and an emergency alarm system are arranged in the basement; the first ventilation system supplies the air in the air shaft to the basement in non-wartime; the second ventilation system supplies the air in the air shaft to the basement after filtering and poison removal in wartime; the air detection system is used to detect the air quality and smoke volume in the basement; the emergency alarm system is arranged in the emergency shelter, and includes a backup power supply, a human power generation module, an alarm and a communication module, and the alarm and the communication module are used to send alarm information to the outside world.

2. The civil air defense basement structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first ventilation system is an air collecting chamber arranged in the basement, the air collecting chamber is connected with the wind shaft and the basement, and the air collecting chamber smoothly transports the wind in the wind shaft to the basement.

3. The civil air defense basement structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The second ventilation system includes an air inlet main line connected to the air shaft, an air filter and a gas filter arranged on the air inlet main line, and a fan arranged on the air inlet main line. In wartime, the air in the air shaft is supplied to the basement through the air filter and the gas filter by the fan.

4. The civil air defense basement structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The air detection system includes an air collection network, an air quality detection unit, a smoke detection and alarm unit, a cleaning unit and a control unit; the air collection network is arranged on the top of the basement, and is used to collect basement air at multiple locations; the air quality detection unit is arranged on the wall and is electrically connected to the control unit, and is used to perform quality detection on the collected air; the smoke detection and alarm unit is arranged on the wall and is electrically connected to the control unit, and is used to perform smoke detection and alarm on the collected air; the cleaning unit is arranged on the wall and is electrically connected to the control unit, and is used to clean the air collection network.

5. The air defense basement structure according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The air collection network includes a plurality of non-combustible gas pipes, which are uniformly distributed on the top of the basement; and a plurality of air holes are arranged on the non-combustible gas pipes.

6. The civil air defense basement structure according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The non-combustible gas pipe is installed on the top of the basement through a hanging bracket; the hanging bracket includes a connecting piece fixedly installed on the top of the basement, a hanging rod adjustably installed at the bottom of the connecting piece and a pipe clamp installed at the bottom of the hanging rod, and the non-combustible gas pipe is arranged in the pipe clamp.

7. The civil air defense basement structure according to claim 6 is characterized in that: A four-way solenoid valve is arranged at one end of the air collection pipe network, and the air quality detection unit, the smoke detection and alarm unit and the cleaning unit are connected to the four-way solenoid valve through an air pipe.

8. The air defense basement structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: A storage compartment is provided in the emergency shelter, and water, food and emergency medicines are provided in the storage compartment.

9. The civil air defense basement structure according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that: An emergency air supply pipe is arranged in the emergency shelter room, one end of which passes through the wall and is connected to the second ventilation system. The emergency air supply pipe supplies air to the emergency shelter room in wartime.

Images