Energy control method and device of fuel cell cogeneration system

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy control method and device for a fuel cell combined heat and power system, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the segmented control of the output power of the fuel cell combined heat and power system, and carrying out the segmented setting of the ideal required power of each key part; the current state of each key part is collected in real time, the ideal required power set in a segmented mode is correspondingly obtained according to the current state of each key part, and the actual segmented required power, corresponding to the current state, of each key part is obtained; according to the actual segmentation demand power, corresponding to the current state, of each key part, the total actual segmentation demand power is obtained; and carrying out power loading on each key part according to the total actual segmentation demand power. According to the method, the power of the fuel cell system can be kept unchanged in a long time period under the condition that the requirements of a user on heat energy and electric energy are frequently changed in a use scene, and optimal control is performed after data of the electric energy, heat energy and stored energy of the system are comprehensively collected, so that the service life of the system is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cell energy control, and in particular to an energy control method and device for a fuel cell cogeneration system. Background Art

[0002] At present, scientists around the world have concluded in the process of searching for clean fuels that hydrogen energy can solve the problems caused by fossil fuels. A fuel cell cogeneration system is a system that uses hydrogen provided by a designated storage system and oxygen provided externally to perform electrochemical reactions to generate the electricity and heat energy required by users. The operating life of a fuel cell cogeneration system depends to a large extent on the operating conditions and control strategies of the system, in addition to the hardware quality of the system. Meeting the complex load and operating condition changes of the fuel cell cogeneration system and ensuring that the operating conditions of the fuel cell are always within the ideal range are important guarantees for extending the service life of the system.

[0003] In this field, the demand for heat and electricity varies greatly due to different user scenarios, and the traditional control strategy generally adopts a follow-up method for energy control, that is, the fuel cell set power always follows the user's demand. Such a control strategy causes the power output of the fuel cell system to be constantly changing and cannot be output stably over a relatively long period of time. Long-term load changes have a direct impact on the service life of the fuel cell stack, which in turn causes irreversible damage to the key components of the system, thereby reducing the effective service life of the cogeneration system. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an energy control method and device for a fuel cell cogeneration system, so that the power of the fuel cell system can be kept constant for a relatively long period of time when the user's demand for heat and electricity changes frequently, thereby increasing the effective service life of the cogeneration system.

[0005] The technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] An energy control method for a fuel cell cogeneration system, comprising:

[0007] The output power of the fuel cell cogeneration system is controlled in sections, and the ideal required power of each key component of the fuel cell cogeneration system is set in sections;

[0008] The current state of each of the key components is collected in real time, and the ideal power demand of each segment setting is obtained according to the current state of each of the key components, so as to obtain the actual segment power demand of each of the key components corresponding to the current state;

[0009] According to the actual segmented required power corresponding to the current state of each of the key components, the total actual segmented required power is obtained;

[0010] Power is loaded on each of the key components according to the total actual segmented power demand, so that the fuel cell cogeneration system outputs the loaded power in segmented control.

[0011] This scheme processes the power requirements of the fuel cell power generation system and each key component in the fuel cell cogeneration system in sections to obtain the actual sectioned power requirements of the fuel cell power generation system and each key component in the fuel cell cogeneration system, and then accumulates them to obtain the total actual sectioned power requirements. This allows the fuel cell cogeneration system to maintain relative stability when the demand for electricity and heat energy changes frequently due to external factors, thereby increasing the effective service life of the cogeneration system.

[0012] In some embodiments, the step of controlling the output power of the fuel cell cogeneration system in sections and setting the ideal required power of each key component of the fuel cell cogeneration system in sections includes:

[0013] The ideal segmented required power of the hot water storage tank heater, the ideal segmented required power of the high-voltage AC / DC converter and the ideal segmented required power of the energy storage battery in the fuel cell cogeneration system are set.

[0014] In some embodiments, the current state of each of the key components is collected in real time, and the ideal power requirement of each of the key components is set in segments according to the current state of each of the key components, so as to obtain the actual segmented power requirement of each of the key components, including obtaining the actual segmented power requirement of the hot water storage tank heater, specifically:

[0015] Collecting the current temperature of the hot water storage tank in the fuel cell cogeneration system, and comparing the current temperature with a first preset temperature;

[0016] When it is determined that the current temperature is less than the first preset temperature, setting the actual required power of the hot water storage tank heater to the first preset power;

[0017] When it is determined that the current temperature is greater than the first preset temperature, the actual required power of the hot water tank heater is set to the second preset power, and the first preset power and the second preset power are preset ideal required powers of the hot water tank heater.

[0018] In some embodiments, it further comprises:

[0019] Collecting status data of the energy storage battery;

[0020] An ideal segmented power demand curve of the energy storage battery is compared according to the status data of the energy storage battery, wherein the ideal segmented power demand curve of the energy storage battery includes a segmented charge and discharge MAP curve and a maximum charge and discharge MAP curve of the energy storage battery, and the minimum power value between the segmented charge and discharge MAP curve and the maximum charge and discharge MAP curve of the energy storage battery is selected as the actual segmented power demand of the energy storage battery.

[0021] In some embodiments, it further comprises:

[0022] Collecting the real-time sampling power of the high-voltage AC / DC converter, and filtering out the noise signal in the collected signal through smoothing filtering;

[0023] The real-time sampled power is compared with a MAP curve of an ideal segmented required power of the high-voltage AC / DC converter, and a minimum output power value is used as the actual segmented required power of the high-voltage AC / DC converter.

[0024] In some implementations, obtaining the total actual segmented required power according to the actual segmented required power of the key components includes:

[0025] Accumulate the actual segmented power requirement of the hot water storage tank heater, the actual segmented power requirement of the energy storage battery and the actual segmented power requirement of the high-voltage AC / DC converter to obtain the total actual segmented power requirement of each segment;

[0026] In some embodiments, the step of loading power on each of the key components according to the total actual segmented power demand so that the fuel cell cogeneration system outputs the loaded power in segmented control includes:

[0027] Limiting the total actual segmented required power according to the limited power of the fuel cell cogeneration system;

[0028] Compare the limited total actual segmented required power with the real-time response effective maximum output power of the fuel cell cogeneration system, and output the minimum power;

[0029] The ideal segmented required power of the fuel cell system in the fuel cell cogeneration system is set, and the minimum power is compared and mapped with the MAP curve of the ideal segmented required power of the fuel cell system, and the actual required loading power of the fuel cell cogeneration system is output.

[0030] This solution obtains the actual segmented power demand of the hot water storage tank heater by judging the temperature of the hot water storage tank, obtains the actual segmented power demand of the energy storage battery by collecting and comparing the status data of the energy storage battery, obtains the actual segmented power demand of the high-voltage AC / DC converter by collecting the sampling power of the high-voltage AC / DC converter, accumulates the segmented power demand of the key components, and thus obtains the total actual segmented power demand, compares the total actual segmented power demand with the maximum value of the system-limited power threshold, and takes the smaller value as the actual effective power output of the fuel cell cogeneration system, so that the fuel cell can maintain a relatively stable system when the external factors frequently change the demand for electricity and heat energy.

[0031] On the other hand, the present invention provides an energy control device for a fuel cell cogeneration system, comprising:

[0032] A segmentation module, used to control the output power of the fuel cell cogeneration system in segments, and to set the ideal required power of each key component of the fuel cell cogeneration system in segments;

[0033] The acquisition module is used to acquire the current state of each of the key components in real time, and to correspond the ideal power demand of each segment setting according to the current state of each of the key components, so as to obtain the actual segment power demand of each of the key components;

[0034] An acquisition module, used for acquiring the total actual segmented required power according to the actual segmented required power of each of the key components;

[0035] The loading module is used to load power to each of the key components according to the total actual segmented required power, so that the fuel cell cogeneration system outputs the loaded power in segmented control.

[0036] In some embodiments, the segmentation module comprises:

[0037] A segmentation unit, used for segmenting the power demand of the fuel cell cogeneration system to obtain an ideal segmented power demand of the fuel cell cogeneration system;

[0038] The setting unit is used to set the ideal segmented required power of the hot water storage tank heater, the ideal segmented required power of the high-voltage AC / DC converter and the ideal segmented required power of the energy storage battery expressed in the combined heat and power system.

[0039] In some embodiments, the acquisition module includes:

[0040] A first acquisition unit, used to acquire the current temperature of the hot water storage tank in the fuel cell cogeneration system, and compare the current temperature with a first preset temperature;

[0041] a judging unit, configured to set the actual required power of the hot water storage tank heater to the first preset power when judging that the current temperature is lower than the first preset temperature;

[0042] The judging unit is further configured to set the actual required power of the hot water tank heater to a second preset power when judging that the current temperature is greater than the first preset temperature, and the first preset power and the second preset power are preset ideal required powers of the hot water tank heater;

[0043] A second collection unit, used to collect status data of the energy storage battery;

[0044] a selection unit, configured to compare an ideal segmented power demand curve of the energy storage battery according to the state data of the energy storage battery, wherein the ideal segmented power demand curve of the energy storage battery includes a segmented charge and discharge MAP curve and a maximum charge and discharge MAP curve of the energy storage battery, and select a minimum power value between the segmented charge and discharge MAP curve of the energy storage battery and the maximum charge and discharge MAP curve as the actual segmented power demand of the energy storage battery;

[0045] A third acquisition unit is used to acquire the real-time sampled power of the high-voltage AC / DC converter and filter out the noise signal in the acquired signal through smoothing filtering;

[0046] The comparison unit is used to compare the real-time sampled power with the MAP curve of the ideal segmented required power of the high-voltage AC / DC converter, and output the minimum power as the actual segmented required power of the high-voltage AC / DC converter.

[0047] In some implementations, the acquisition module and the loading module include:

[0048] An accumulation unit, used for accumulating the actual segmented power requirement of the hot water storage tank heater, the actual segmented power requirement of the energy storage battery and the actual segmented power requirement of the high-voltage AC / DC converter to obtain the total actual segmented power requirement of each segment;

[0049] A limiting unit, configured to limit the total actual segmented required power according to the limited power of the fuel cell cogeneration system;

[0050] A comparison output unit, used for comparing the limited total actual segmented required power with the real-time response effective maximum output power of the fuel cell cogeneration system, and outputting the minimum power;

[0051] The output unit is used to set the ideal segmented required power of the fuel cell system in the fuel cell cogeneration system, compare and map the minimum power with the MAP curve of the ideal segmented required power of the fuel cell system, and output the actual required loading power of the fuel cell cogeneration system.

[0052] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0053] 1. The present invention can keep the power of the fuel cell system unchanged for a relatively long period of time when the user's demand for heat and electricity changes frequently, and can also respond to the user's demand for heat and electricity in real time;

[0054] 2. After collecting various data on the system's electrical energy, thermal energy and energy storage, comprehensive consideration is given to perform optimal control, thereby increasing the effective service life of the cogeneration system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] The preferred implementation scheme will be described below in a clear and understandable manner with reference to the accompanying drawings to further illustrate the above-mentioned characteristics, technical features, advantages and implementation methods of the present solution.

[0056] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of an embodiment of an energy control method of a fuel cell cogeneration system of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 2 is a flow chart of another embodiment of an energy control method for a fuel cell cogeneration system of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 3 is a flow chart of another embodiment of an energy control method for a fuel cell cogeneration system of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of an energy control device of a fuel cell cogeneration system of the present invention.

[0060] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0061] Segmentation module 10, acquisition module 20, acquisition module 30, loading module 40, segmentation unit 11, setting unit 12, first acquisition unit 21, judgment unit 22, second acquisition unit 23, selection unit 24, third acquisition unit 25, comparison unit 26, accumulation unit 31, limitation unit 41, comparison output unit 42, output unit 43. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the specific implementation methods of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings and other implementation methods can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0063] In order to simplify the drawings, only the parts related to the present invention are schematically shown in each figure, and they do not represent the actual structure of the product. In addition, in order to simplify the drawings and facilitate understanding, in some figures, only one of the parts with the same structure or function is schematically drawn or marked. In this article, "one" not only means "only one", but also means "more than one".

[0064] In one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, this application provides 一 An energy control method for a fuel cell cogeneration system comprises the following steps:

[0065] S101 controls the output power of the fuel cell cogeneration system in sections and sets the ideal required power of each key component of the fuel cell cogeneration system in sections;

[0066] Specifically, the fuel cell cogeneration system includes a fuel cell stack, a cathode air supply system, an anode hydrogen system, a cooling system, a high-voltage electrical system, a heat storage system, an energy storage system, and various sensors. In actual use scenarios, the range and frequency of changes in the power demand of the fuel cell system are very unstable, which will lead to a reduction in the life of the system. In response to the above technical problems, in this embodiment, the continuously changing power demand of the user, such as electrical energy and thermal energy, is processed in segments. Combined with the internal energy storage system of the system, the output power of the fuel cell system is no longer in a constantly changing state through strategy control, but only works at several segmented power points set by the system. The ideal required power of the key components of each segment is set according to the current environment, application scenario, actual situation, etc. of the system, which can convert the entire power control of the fuel cell cogeneration system into multi-segment separate control, so that when the demand for thermal energy and electrical energy changes frequently, the total power of the fuel cell cogeneration system can be kept unchanged through segmented control over a relatively long period of time.

[0067] S102 collects the current status of each key component in real time, and corresponds the ideal required power set for each key component according to the current status of each key component, and obtains the actual segmented required power of each key component corresponding to the current status;

[0068] Specifically, when controlling the power demand of each key component, by collecting the current status of each key component in real time, it is possible to determine the actual segmented power demand required by each key component in the current state based on the current status of each key component and its corresponding ideal segmented power demand, thereby realizing power control based on the actual situation of each key component and avoiding control that is out of touch with reality.

[0069] S103 obtains the total actual segmented required power according to the actual segmented required power of each key component;

[0070] Specifically, since the cogeneration system contains multiple key components, when performing segmented control, it is necessary to first determine the total actual segmented power demand of the cogeneration system based on the actual segmented power demand of each key component, and then perform overall power planning and loading of the system for the total actual segmented power demand based on the segmented energy control strategy.

[0071] S104 loads power to each key component according to the total actual segmented power demand, so that the fuel cell cogeneration system outputs the loaded power in segmented control.

[0072] In this embodiment, the fuel cell cogeneration system is segmented to obtain the actual power demand of each segment, so that when the external factors have frequent changes in the demand for electricity and heat energy, the power of the fuel cell cogeneration system can be kept unchanged for a relatively long period of time even when the user's usage scenario has frequent changes in the demand for heat and electricity.

[0073] In one embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, this application provides 一 An energy control method for a fuel cell cogeneration system, comprising:

[0074] S201: Controlling the output power of the fuel cell cogeneration system in sections, and setting the ideal required power of each key component of the fuel cell cogeneration system in sections;

[0075] Specifically, the fuel cell cogeneration system includes a fuel cell stack, a cathode air supply system, an anode hydrogen system, a cooling system, a high-voltage electrical system, a heat storage system, an energy storage system, and various sensors. The fuel cell cogeneration system refers to a system that uses hydrogen provided by a designated storage system and oxygen provided externally to perform an electrochemical reaction to generate the electrical energy and thermal energy required by the user;

[0076] Set the ideal segmented power requirements for each key component, including:

[0077] The ideal segmented power requirement of the hot water storage tank heater, the ideal segmented power requirement of the high-voltage AC / DC converter and the ideal segmented power requirement of the energy storage battery in the fuel cell cogeneration system are set.

[0078] Furthermore, the output power of the fuel cell cogeneration system is controlled in sections. The key components include the hot water storage tank heater, the energy storage battery and the high-voltage AC / DC converter (DC / AC). The power requirements of these three key components are compared and mapped with the ideal segmented power requirements as the segmented power requirements of each key component. The ideal segmented power requirements of each key component are specifically set to the ideal segmented power requirements of the hot water storage tank heater, the ideal segmented power requirements of the high-voltage AC / DC converter and the ideal segmented power requirements of the energy storage battery. The ideal power requirements are the segmented energy storage battery charge and discharge power requirements selected after the system collects the energy storage battery SOC and other status data and compares the program preset MAP curve and the energy storage battery maximum charge and discharge curve.

[0079] The working principle of the high-voltage AC / DC converter (DC / AC) is to convert the high-voltage DC input voltage into an industrial frequency AC 380VAC voltage through the internal power switch tube of the converter by controlling the conduction and disconnection of the power switch tube through the chopping method for users to use. The AC / DC converter used in this embodiment is a high-voltage AC / DC converter, and the output high voltage is an AC 380VAC industrial frequency voltage.

[0080] S202 collects the current temperature of the hot water storage tank in the fuel cell cogeneration system, and compares the current temperature with the first preset temperature: when it is determined that the current temperature is less than the first preset temperature, the actual required power of the hot water storage tank heater is set to the first preset power; when it is determined that the current temperature is greater than the first preset temperature, the actual required power of the hot water storage tank heater is set to the second preset power, and the first preset power and the second preset power are the preset ideal required powers of the hot water storage tank heater;

[0081] Specifically, the first preset temperature, the first preset power and the second preset power can be set to a certain value according to the current environment, the actual situation of the system, the application scenario, etc. For example, the first preset temperature is set to 45°C, the first preset power is set to 30kw, and the second preset power is set to 0kw. In the grid-connected state, the user's thermal energy and electrical energy demand come from the common output of the power grid and the system. In order to obtain the ideal required power of the key component, the hot water storage tank heater, the temperature of the hot water storage tank sensor must be determined first. When the temperature is less than the set temperature value of 45°C, in order to meet the user's demand for thermal energy, the hot water storage tank heater must be turned on for heating, and the power demand of the hot water storage tank is set to the set first power value of 30kw; when it is determined that the temperature of the hot water storage tank sensor is greater than or equal to the set temperature value of 45°C, the power demand of the hot water storage tank is set to the set second power value of 0kw. At this time, the first preset power of 30kw, the second preset power and 0kw are the ideal required power of the hot water storage tank.

[0082] S203 collects the status data of the energy storage battery; compares the ideal segmented demand power curve of the energy storage battery according to the status data of the energy storage battery, the ideal segmented demand power curve of the energy storage battery includes the segmented charge and discharge MAP curve of the energy storage battery and the maximum charge and discharge MAP curve, and selects the minimum power value between the segmented charge and discharge MAP curve of the energy storage battery and the maximum charge and discharge MAP curve as the actual segmented demand power of the energy storage battery;

[0083] Specifically, the MAP curve provides an intuitive and clear way of expressing data, which can be used to compare experimental results and standard deviations, thereby reflecting the differences in experimental results; the collected energy storage battery status data is compared with each point on the ideal power demand curve of the energy storage battery to obtain the actual segmented power demand of the energy storage battery.

[0084] S204 collects the real-time sampled power of the high-voltage AC / DC converter, and filters out the noise signal in the collected signal through smoothing filtering; compares the real-time sampled power with the MAP curve of the ideal segmented required power of the high-voltage AC / DC converter, and outputs the minimum power value as the actual segmented required power of the high-voltage AC / DC converter;

[0085] Specifically, the working principle of the high-voltage AC-DC converter is to convert the high-voltage DC input voltage into an industrial frequency AC 380VAC voltage through the power switch tube inside the converter by controlling the power switch tube to be turned on and off in a chopping manner for users to use. The high-voltage AC-DC converter used in this embodiment is a high-voltage AC-DC converter, and the output high voltage is an AC 380VAC, 50HZ voltage; when judging the actual power demand of the high-voltage AC-DC converter, the real-time sampled power of the high-voltage AC-DC converter is first collected, and then a relatively stable power demand is output through control strategies such as smoothing filtering, and the real-time sampled power is compared with the MAP curve of the ideal power demand of the high-voltage AC-DC converter, and the smaller value of the output power is used as the actual power demand of the high-voltage AC-DC converter.

[0086] Furthermore, smoothing filtering can weaken or eliminate high-frequency components in the signal, but does not affect low-frequency components, eliminating the interference of high-frequency components on the collected signal. Smoothing filtering filters these components to make the signal smoother; compare the real-time sampled power with each point on the MAP curve of the ideal segmented required power of the high-voltage AC / DC converter, and output the smaller value of the power as the actual segmented required power of the high-voltage AC / DC converter.

[0087] S205 accumulates the actual segmented power requirements of the hot water storage tank heater, the actual segmented power requirements of the energy storage battery, and the actual segmented power requirements of the high-voltage AC / DC converter to obtain the total actual segmented power requirements of each segment;

[0088] Specifically, the collected actual segmented power requirements of the hot water tank heater, the actual segmented power requirements of the energy storage battery and the actual segmented power requirements of the high-voltage AC / DC converter are accumulated to obtain the total actual segmented power requirements of each key component required, and the control response is performed according to the power demand, and the effective power output value of the real-time response is output based on the comprehensive judgment of its own current state.

[0089] S206 limits the total actual segmented required power according to the limited power of the fuel cell cogeneration system;

[0090] Specifically, the demand power is determined and compared with the maximum and minimum values ​​of the set system demand power threshold. If the demand power is greater than the maximum value of the threshold, the effective power output in real time response is the maximum value of the demand power threshold; if the demand power is less than the minimum value of the threshold, the effective power output in real time response is the minimum value of the demand power threshold; if the demand power is between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the threshold, the effective power of real time response is directly output.

[0091] S207 compares the actual segment demand power of each segment after the definition with the actual maximum effective output power of the fuel cell cogeneration system, and outputs the minimum power;

[0092] Specifically, the fuel cell comprehensively judges and outputs the effective power output value of real-time response based on its current state. The control strategy compares the total actual segmented required power of each key component after limitation and the effective power output value of real-time response to take a relatively smaller power output value for the power loading process.

[0093] S208 sets the ideal segmented required power of the fuel cell system in the fuel cell cogeneration system, compares and maps the minimum power with the MAP curve of the ideal segmented required power of the fuel cell system, and outputs the actual required loading power of the fuel cell cogeneration system.

[0094] Specifically, the smaller power value between the total actual segmented power demand of each key component after output limitation and the actual effective power of the fuel cell cogeneration system is output, and then the output power value is compared and mapped with the MAP curve of the ideal segmented power demand of the fuel cell cogeneration system to output the actual required loading power.

[0095] In this embodiment, the actual segmented power demand of the hot water storage tank heater is obtained by judging the temperature of the hot water storage tank heater, the ideal segmented power demand curve of the energy storage battery is obtained according to the comparison of the status data of the energy storage battery, the real-time sampling power of the high-voltage AC / DC converter is collected and compared with the MAP curve of the ideal segmented power demand of the high-voltage AC / DC converter to obtain the actual segmented power demand of the high-voltage AC / DC converter, the total actual segmented power demand of each key component is compared with the maximum and minimum threshold values ​​of the system-limited power, and the actual effective power is output, so that after collecting various data of system electric energy, thermal energy and energy storage, the optimal control is carried out by comprehensive consideration, thereby increasing the effective service life of the cogeneration system.

[0096] In one embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, this application provides 一 An energy control method for a fuel cell cogeneration system, comprising:

[0097] After the S100 system is started, it will be tested. If there is a fault, it will enter the protection program. If it is normal, it will enter the cogeneration mode and select the on-grid and off-grid mode at the same time;

[0098] Specifically, it is determined whether the cogeneration system is in an emergency stop state or a normal state. If it is in an emergency stop state, the emergency stop processing procedure is entered. If it is in a normal state, it is further determined whether the cogeneration system is in a normal state or a fault state. If it is in a fault state, the fault processing procedure is entered. If it is in a normal working state, the cogeneration system enters an idle state. At this time, the cogeneration system performs a working mode detection to determine whether it is off-grid operation or grid-connected operation, and enters a corresponding work process according to the detection mode;

[0099] When it is determined that the networking mode is a grid-connected state, the energy storage and heat storage power demand of the fuel cell cogeneration system is determined, and the energy storage and heat storage power demand includes the power demand of the hot water storage tank heater, the high-voltage AC-DC converter and the energy storage battery;

[0100] When it is determined that the networking mode is off-grid, the energy storage and heat storage power demand of the fuel cell cogeneration system and the user's electricity power demand are determined.

[0101] S101 controls the output power of the fuel cell cogeneration system in sections and sets the ideal required power of each key component of the fuel cell cogeneration system in sections;

[0102] Specifically, the fuel cell cogeneration system includes a fuel cell stack, a cathode air supply system, an anode hydrogen system, a cooling system, a high-voltage electrical system, a heat storage system, an energy storage system and various sensors. The output power of the fuel cell power generation system is set in segments, and the ideal segmented demand power of each key component is set. The entire power control of the fuel cell cogeneration system can be converted into segmented control, so that when the demand for heat and electric energy changes frequently, the total power of the fuel cell cogeneration system can be kept unchanged through segmented control over a relatively long period of time.

[0103] S102 collects the current status of each key component in real time, and corresponds the ideal power requirement of each key component to its segment setting according to the current status of each key component, so as to obtain the actual segment power requirement of each key component;

[0104] Specifically, when controlling the power demand of key components in each segment, by collecting the current status of each key component in real time, it is possible to determine the actual segment power demand required by each key component in the current state based on the current status of each key component and its corresponding ideal segment power demand, thereby realizing power control based on the actual situation of each key component and avoiding control that is out of touch with reality.

[0105] S103 obtains the total actual segmented required power according to the actual segmented required power of each key component;

[0106] Specifically, since the cogeneration system contains multiple key components, when performing segmented energy control, it is necessary to first determine the total actual segmented power demand of each key component based on the actual segmented power demand of each key component, and then carry out overall power planning and loading of the system based on the total actual segmented power demand of each key component.

[0107] S104 loads power to each key component according to the total actual segmented power demand, so that the fuel cell cogeneration system outputs the loaded power in segmented control.

[0108] In this embodiment, after the system is started, all controls are initialized and the status of components is detected. If a fault is detected, the corresponding protection program is entered. If the detection is normal, the cogeneration mode is entered, and the off-grid mode is selected. In order to enable the user to keep the power of the fuel cell cogeneration system unchanged for a relatively long period of time when the demand for heat and electricity in the usage scenario changes frequently, the fuel cell is subjected to segmented energy control, and the actual segmented demand power of each key component is obtained by collecting and comparing, and the actual segmented demand power obtained is accumulated, which can realize real-time response to the user's demand for heat and electricity.

[0109] In one embodiment, referring to the accompanying drawings Figure 4 The present application also provides an energy control device for a fuel cell cogeneration system, comprising a segmentation module 10, a collection module 20, an acquisition module 30, and a loading module 40, wherein:

[0110] The segmentation module 10 is used to control the output power of the fuel cell cogeneration system in segments and to set the ideal required power of each key component of the fuel cell cogeneration system in segments;

[0111] Specifically, the fuel cell cogeneration system includes a fuel cell stack, a cathode air supply system, an anode hydrogen system, a cooling system, a high-voltage electrical system, a heat storage system, an energy storage system and various sensors. The output power of the fuel cell cogeneration system is controlled in sections, and the ideal section demand power of each key component is set. This can convert the entire power control of the fuel cell cogeneration system into multi-section control. Therefore, in the case of frequent changes in the demand for heat and electric energy, the total power of the fuel cell cogeneration system can be kept unchanged through section control over a relatively long period of time.

[0112] The acquisition module 20 is used to acquire the current state of each key component in real time, and to correspond the ideal power demand of each key component to its segment setting according to the current state of each key component, so as to obtain the actual segment power demand of each key component;

[0113] Specifically, when controlling the power demand of each key component, by collecting the current status of each key component in real time, it is possible to determine the actual segmented power demand required by each key component in the current state based on the current status of each key component and its corresponding ideal segmented power demand, thereby realizing power control based on the actual situation of each key component and avoiding control that is out of touch with reality.

[0114] An acquisition module 30 is used to acquire the total actual segmented required power according to the actual segmented required power of each key component;

[0115] Specifically, since the cogeneration system contains multiple key components, when performing segmented energy control, it is necessary to first determine the total actual segmented power demand of each key component based on the actual segmented power demand of each key component, and then plan and load the overall power of the system based on the total actual segmented power demand of each key component.

[0116] The loading module 40 is used to load power to each key component according to the total actual segmented required power, so that the fuel cell cogeneration system outputs the loaded power in segmented control.

[0117] Specifically, the output power of the fuel cell cogeneration system is controlled in sections, and the total actual sectioned power demand of each key component is obtained. In the case of frequent changes in external factors or users' demand for electricity and heat energy, the power of the fuel cell cogeneration system can be kept unchanged for a relatively long period of time.

[0118] In this embodiment, the output power of the fuel cell cogeneration system is segmented and controlled through the segmentation module 10, the current status of each of the key components is collected in real time through the acquisition module 20, and the total actual segmented power demand of each key component is obtained through the acquisition module 30. Finally, the loading module 40 loads power to the fuel cell power generation system, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the fuel cell and reducing the degree of damage to the key components of the system.

[0119] In one embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the energy control device of the fuel cell cogeneration system provided by the present application is based on the above embodiment, and the segment module 10 includes:

[0120] The segmentation unit 11 is used to segment the power demand of the fuel cell cogeneration system to obtain the ideal segmented power demand of the fuel cell cogeneration system;

[0121] The setting unit 12 is used to set the ideal segmented required power of the hot water storage tank heater, the ideal segmented required power of the high-voltage AC / DC converter and the ideal segmented required power of the energy storage battery in the combined heat and power system.

[0122] Specifically, the output power of the fuel cell cogeneration system is controlled in sections, and the ideal sectioned power demand of each key component is set. The key components include a hot water storage tank heater, an energy storage battery, and a high-voltage AC / DC converter. The power demand of these three key components is used as the power demand of each section. Setting the ideal sectioned power demand of each key component specifically includes setting the ideal sectioned power demand of the hot water storage tank heater, the ideal sectioned power demand of the high-voltage AC / DC converter, and the ideal sectioned power demand of the energy storage battery.

[0123] In this embodiment, the output power of the fuel cell cogeneration system is segmented and controlled by the segmentation unit 11, and the ideal segmented power requirement of each key component is set. The key components of each segment include a hot water storage tank heater, an energy storage battery and a high-voltage AC / DC converter. The power requirements of these three key components are used as the segmented power requirements of each key component. The ideal segmented power requirements of each key component are set by the setting unit 12, which specifically includes setting the ideal segmented power requirement of the hot water storage tank heater, the ideal segmented power requirement of the high-voltage AC / DC converter and the ideal segmented power requirement of the energy storage battery.

[0124] In one embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the energy control device of the fuel cell cogeneration system provided by the present application is based on the above embodiment, and the acquisition module 20 includes:

[0125] A first acquisition unit 21 is used to acquire the current temperature of the hot water storage tank in the fuel cell cogeneration system and compare the current temperature with a first preset temperature;

[0126] The judging unit 22 is used to set the actual required power of the hot water storage tank heater to the first preset power when judging that the current temperature is less than the first preset temperature;

[0127] Specifically, the first preset temperature, the first preset power and the second preset power can be set to a certain value according to the current environment, the actual situation of the system, the application scenario, etc. For example, the first preset temperature is set to 45°C, the first preset power is set to 30kw, and the second preset power is set to 0kw. In the grid-connected state, the user's thermal energy and electrical energy demand come from the common output of the power grid and the system. In order to obtain the ideal required power of the key component, the hot water storage tank heater, the temperature of the hot water storage tank sensor must be determined first. When the temperature is less than the set temperature value of 45°C, in order to meet the user's demand for thermal energy, the hot water storage tank heater must be turned on for heating, and the power demand of the hot water storage tank is set to the set first power value of 30kw; when it is determined that the temperature of the hot water storage tank sensor is greater than or equal to the set temperature value of 45°C, the power demand of the hot water storage tank is set to the set second power value of 0kw. At this time, the set first preset power of 30kw, the second preset power and 0kw are the ideal segmented required power of the hot water storage tank.

[0128] The judging unit 22 is further configured to set the actual required power of the hot water storage tank heater to the second preset power when judging that the current temperature is greater than the first preset temperature, and the first preset power and the second preset power are preset ideal required powers of the hot water storage tank heater;

[0129] The second collection unit 23 is used to collect status data of the energy storage battery;

[0130] A selection unit 24 is used to compare the ideal segmented power demand curve of the energy storage battery according to the state data of the energy storage battery, the ideal segmented power demand curve of the energy storage battery includes the segmented charge and discharge MAP curve of the energy storage battery and the maximum charge and discharge MAP curve, and select the minimum power value between the segmented charge and discharge MAP curve of the energy storage battery and the maximum charge and discharge MAP curve as the actual segmented power demand of the energy storage battery;

[0131] Specifically, the MAP curve provides an intuitive and clear way of expressing data, which can be used to compare the test results and the standard deviation, thereby reflecting the differences in the experimental results; the collected energy storage battery status data is compared with each point on the ideal power demand curve of the energy storage battery to obtain the actual power demand of the energy storage battery.

[0132] The third acquisition unit 25 is used to acquire the real-time sampling power of the high-voltage AC / DC converter and filter out the noise signal in the acquired signal through smoothing filtering;

[0133] The comparison unit 26 is used to compare the real-time sampled power with the MAP curve of the ideal segmented required power of the high-voltage AC / DC converter, and output the minimum power value as the actual segmented required power of the high-voltage AC / DC converter.

[0134] Specifically, the high-voltage AC / DC converter converts the high-voltage DC input voltage into an industrial frequency AC 380VAC voltage for user use by controlling the on and off of the power switch tube inside the converter through a chopping method; when judging the actual power demand of the high-voltage AC / DC converter, the real-time sampled power of the high-voltage AC / DC converter is first collected, and then a relatively stable power demand is output through control strategies such as smoothing filtering, and the real-time sampled power is compared with the MAP curve of the ideal segmented power demand of the high-voltage AC / DC converter, and the minimum output power is used as the actual segmented power demand of the high-voltage AC / DC converter.

[0135] In this embodiment, the current temperature of the hot water storage tank is collected by the first collection unit 21, and the current temperature is compared with the first preset temperature by the judgment unit 22, and the corresponding actual segmented power requirements are set respectively; the state data of the energy storage battery is collected by the second collection unit 23, and the ideal segmented power requirement curve of the energy storage battery is compared according to the state data of the energy storage battery, and the minimum power value in the energy storage battery charge and discharge MAP curve and the maximum charge and discharge MAP curve is selected by the selection unit 24 as the actual segmented power requirement of the energy storage battery; the real-time sampling power of the high-voltage AC / DC converter is collected by the third collection unit 25, and the real-time sampling power of the high-voltage AC / DC converter is compared with the MAP curve of the ideal segmented power requirement of the high-voltage AC / DC converter by the comparison unit 26, and the minimum power value is output as the actual segmented power requirement of the high-voltage AC / DC converter; according to the comprehensive state of the system components and the different application scenarios of the user for thermal energy, electric energy, energy storage, etc., the optimal segmented power curve of key components is set to extend the service life of the key components of the fuel cell system and the cogeneration system.

[0136] In one embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the energy control device of the fuel cell cogeneration system provided by the present application is based on the above embodiment, and the acquisition module 30 includes:

[0137] The accumulation unit 31 is used to accumulate the actual segmented power requirements of the hot water storage tank heater, the actual segmented power requirements of the energy storage battery and the actual segmented power requirements of the high-voltage AC / DC converter to obtain the total actual segmented power requirements of each segment;

[0138] Specifically, the collected actual segmented power requirements of the hot water tank heater, the actual segmented power requirements of the energy storage battery and the actual segmented power requirements of the high-voltage AC / DC converter are accumulated to obtain the total actual segmented power requirements of each key component, and control response is performed according to the power demand, and real-time response is performed according to the target demand.

[0139] In one embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the energy control device of the fuel cell cogeneration system provided by the present application is based on the above embodiment, and the loading module 40 includes:

[0140] A limiting unit 41, used to limit the total actual segmented required power according to the limited power of the fuel cell cogeneration system;

[0141] Specifically, the demand power is determined and compared with the maximum and minimum values ​​of the set system demand power threshold. If the demand power is greater than the maximum value of the threshold, the effective power output in real time response is the maximum value of the demand power threshold; if the demand power is less than the minimum value of the threshold, the effective power output in real time response is the minimum value of the demand power threshold; if the demand power is between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the threshold, the effective power of real time response is directly output.

[0142] A comparison output unit 42 is used to compare the limited total actual segmented demand power with the real-time response effective maximum output power of the fuel cell cogeneration system, and output the minimum power;

[0143] Specifically, the fuel cell comprehensively judges and outputs the effective power output value of real-time response based on its current state. The control strategy compares the total actual segmented power requirements of each key component after limitation and the effective power output value of real-time response to take a relatively small power output value for the power loading process.

[0144] The output unit 43 is used to set the ideal segmented required power of the fuel cell system in the fuel cell cogeneration system, compare and map the minimum power with the MAP curve of the ideal segmented required power of the fuel cell system, and output the actual required loading power of the fuel cell cogeneration system.

[0145] Specifically, the smaller power value between the total actual segmented power demand of each key component after output limitation and the actual response maximum effective power of the fuel cell cogeneration system is output, and then the output power value is compared and mapped with the MAP curve of the ideal segmented power demand of the fuel cell cogeneration system to output the actual required loading power.

[0146] In this embodiment, the total actual segmented power demand of each key component is limited according to the limited power of the fuel cell cogeneration system by the limiting unit 41, and the total actual segmented power demand of each key component after the limit is compared with the actual response maximum effective power of the fuel cell cogeneration system by the comparison output unit 42, and the minimum power is output. The minimum power is then compared and mapped with the MAP curve of the ideal segmented power demand of the fuel cell cogeneration system by the output unit 43, and the actual required loading power of the fuel cell cogeneration system is output. After collecting various data of system electrical energy, thermal energy and energy storage, it is realized that the optimal control is carried out after comprehensive consideration, thereby increasing the effective service life of the cogeneration system.

[0147] Specifically, this embodiment is a system embodiment corresponding to the above method embodiment. For specific effects, please refer to the above method embodiment, which will not be described one by one here.

[0148] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented with electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed with hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0149] It should be noted that the above embodiments can be freely combined as needed. The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling energy of a fuel cell cogeneration system, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The output power of the fuel cell cogeneration system is controlled in sections, and the ideal required power of each key component of the fuel cell cogeneration system is set in sections; The current state of each of the key components is collected in real time, and the ideal required power of each of the key components corresponding to the current state is calculated according to the ideal required power of each of the key components, so as to obtain the actual required power of each of the key components corresponding to the current state; According to the actual segmented required power corresponding to the current state of each of the key components, the total actual segmented required power is obtained; Power is loaded on each of the key components according to the total actual segmented power demand, so that the fuel cell cogeneration system outputs the loaded power in segmented control.

2. The energy control method of the fuel cell cogeneration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of controlling the output power of the fuel cell cogeneration system in sections and setting the ideal required power of each key component of the fuel cell cogeneration system in sections comprises the following steps: The ideal segmented required power of the hot water storage tank heater, the ideal segmented required power of the high-voltage AC / DC converter and the ideal segmented required power of the energy storage battery in the fuel cell cogeneration system are set.

3. The energy control method of the fuel cell cogeneration system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The real-time collection of the current state of each of the key components, the corresponding ideal power demand of each segment setting according to the current state of each of the key components, and the actual segment power demand of each of the key components corresponding to the current state, including obtaining the actual segment power demand of the hot water storage tank heater, are specifically: Collecting the current temperature of the hot water storage tank in the fuel cell cogeneration system, and comparing the current temperature with a first preset temperature; When it is determined that the current temperature is less than the first preset temperature, setting the actual required power of the hot water storage tank heater to the first preset power; When it is determined that the current temperature is greater than the first preset temperature, the actual required power of the hot water tank heater is set to the second preset power, and the first preset power and the second preset power are preset ideal required powers of the hot water tank heater.

4. The energy control method of the fuel cell cogeneration system according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: Collecting status data of the energy storage battery; An ideal segmented power demand curve of the energy storage battery is compared according to the status data of the energy storage battery, wherein the ideal segmented power demand curve of the energy storage battery includes a segmented charge and discharge MAP curve and a maximum charge and discharge MAP curve of the energy storage battery, and the minimum power value between the segmented charge and discharge MAP curve and the maximum charge and discharge MAP curve of the energy storage battery is selected as the actual segmented power demand of the energy storage battery.

5. The energy control method of the fuel cell cogeneration system according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: Collecting the real-time sampling power of the high-voltage AC / DC converter, and filtering out the noise signal in the collected signal through smoothing filtering; The real-time sampled power is compared with a MAP curve of an ideal segmented required power of the high-voltage AC / DC converter, and a minimum output power value is used as the actual segmented required power of the high-voltage AC / DC converter.

6. The energy control method of the fuel cell cogeneration system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The obtaining of the total actual segmented required power according to the actual segmented required power corresponding to the current state of each of the key components includes: Accumulate the actual segmented power requirement of the hot water storage tank heater, the actual segmented power requirement of the energy storage battery and the actual segmented power requirement of the high-voltage AC / DC converter to obtain the total actual segmented power requirement of each segment; The method of loading power on each of the key components according to the total actual segmented power demand so that the fuel cell cogeneration system outputs the loaded power in segmented control includes: Limiting the total actual segmented required power according to the limited power of the fuel cell cogeneration system; Compare the limited total actual segmented required power with the real-time response effective maximum output power of the fuel cell cogeneration system, and output the minimum power; The ideal segmented required power of the fuel cell system in the fuel cell cogeneration system is set, and the minimum power is compared and mapped with the MAP curve of the ideal segmented required power of the fuel cell system, and the actual required loading power of the fuel cell cogeneration system is output.

7. An energy control device for a fuel cell cogeneration system, characterized in that: include: A segmentation module, used to control the output power of the fuel cell cogeneration system in segments, and to set the ideal required power of each key component of the fuel cell cogeneration system in segments; The acquisition module is used to acquire the current state of each of the key components in real time, and to correspond the ideal power demand set by each segment according to the current state of each of the key components, and to obtain the actual segment power demand of each of the key components corresponding to the current state; An acquisition module, configured to acquire a total actual segmented required power according to the actual segmented required power corresponding to each of the key components and the current state; The loading module is used to load power to each of the key components according to the total actual segmented required power, so that the fuel cell cogeneration system outputs the loaded power in segmented control.

8. The energy control device of a fuel cell cogeneration system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The segmentation module comprises: A segmentation unit, used for segmenting the power demand of the fuel cell cogeneration system to obtain an ideal segmented power demand of the fuel cell cogeneration system; The setting unit is used to set the ideal segmented required power of the hot water storage tank heater, the ideal segmented required power of the high-voltage AC / DC converter and the ideal segmented required power of the energy storage battery expressed in the combined heat and power system.

9. The energy control device of a fuel cell cogeneration system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The acquisition module comprises: A first acquisition unit, used to acquire the current temperature of the hot water storage tank in the fuel cell cogeneration system, and compare the current temperature with a first preset temperature; a judging unit, configured to set the actual required power of the hot water storage tank heater to the first preset power when judging that the current temperature is lower than the first preset temperature; The judging unit is further configured to set the actual required power of the hot water storage tank heater to a second preset power when judging that the current temperature is greater than the first preset temperature, and the first preset power and the second preset power are preset ideal required powers of the hot water storage tank heater; A second collection unit, used to collect status data of the energy storage battery; a selection unit, configured to compare an ideal segmented power demand curve of the energy storage battery according to the state data of the energy storage battery, wherein the ideal segmented power demand curve of the energy storage battery includes a segmented charge and discharge MAP curve and a maximum charge and discharge MAP curve of the energy storage battery, and select a minimum power value between the segmented charge and discharge MAP curve of the energy storage battery and the maximum charge and discharge MAP curve as the actual segmented power demand of the energy storage battery; A third acquisition unit is used to acquire the real-time sampled power of the high-voltage AC / DC converter and filter out the noise signal in the acquired signal through smoothing filtering; The comparison unit is used to compare the real-time sampled power with the MAP curve of the ideal segmented required power of the high-voltage AC / DC converter, and output the minimum power as the actual segmented required power of the high-voltage AC / DC converter.

10. The energy control device of a fuel cell cogeneration system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The acquisition module and the loading module include: An accumulation unit, used for accumulating the actual segmented power requirement of the hot water storage tank heater, the actual segmented power requirement of the energy storage battery and the actual segmented power requirement of the high-voltage AC / DC converter to obtain the total actual segmented power requirement of each segment; A limiting unit, configured to limit the total actual segmented required power according to the limited power of the fuel cell cogeneration system; A comparison output unit, used for comparing the limited total actual segmented required power with the real-time response effective maximum output power of the fuel cell cogeneration system, and outputting the minimum power; The output unit is used to set the ideal segmented required power of the fuel cell system in the fuel cell cogeneration system, compare and map the minimum power with the MAP curve of the ideal segmented required power of the fuel cell system, and output the actual required loading power of the fuel cell cogeneration system.

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