Tailored blank laser welding equipment and method for automobile body skylight frame

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle body part machining and manufacturing, in particular to vehicle body skylight frame laser tailored blank welding equipment and method.The vehicle body skylight frame laser tailored blank welding equipment comprises a centering jig and a welding workbench, and the centering jig and the welding workbench are fixed; the centering jig comprises a base, a guide rail, a connecting piece, a first sliding plate, a second sliding plate, a third sliding plate, a guide rail locking block, a driving mechanism, an electric roller, an electromagnet, a positioning pin supporting block and a lifting pin mechanism. The welding workbench comprises a frame body, a sliding unit, a welding unit and a splicing auxiliary unit. Tailored blank laser welding of skylight frames of different specifications is achieved, universality is high, centering jigs do not need to be input for different parts, and the equipment input cost is greatly saved; the positioning pins are arranged on the plates in all directions, the welding edge positioning precision is guaranteed, and through closed-loop control of the laser detection unit and the driving mechanism, the quality stability of parts can be guaranteed while the multiple plates are quickly and accurately centered and spliced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of processing and manufacturing vehicle body parts, and in particular to a laser welding device and method for a vehicle body sunroof frame. Background Art

[0002] The car body sunroof frame is limited by its shape. The previous method of cutting the whole plate resulted in serious material waste. The use of multi-plate welding technology can increase material utilization by more than 20%, greatly reducing production costs.

[0003] With the increasing application of automotive sunroofs and skylights, the existing welding equipment and methods have a long waiting time for debugging, slow splicing arrangement speed, and the efficiency cannot meet the needs of large-scale mass production; the splicing tooling has poor versatility, and different tooling needs to be made for each product, and the equipment use cost is high; the centering splicing has poor stability, and the splicing quality mainly depends on the intervention of operators to check, and automatic detection and correction of splicing quality cannot be achieved, which greatly affects the splicing qualification rate. How to ensure the stability of welding on the basis of efficient production is the focus of all manufacturers. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a vehicle body sunroof frame laser welding device and method to improve or solve the problems existing in the existing equipment and technology as mentioned above.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to one aspect of the present invention, the proposed equipment is: it includes two major parts: a centering jig and a welding workbench, and the centering jig is fixed to the welding workbench; the centering jig includes a base, a guide rail, a connecting piece, a first slide, a second slide, a third slide, a guide rail locking block, a driving mechanism, an electric roller, an electromagnet, a positioning pin, a support block and a lifting pin mechanism; the welding workbench includes a frame body, a sliding unit, a welding unit and a splicing auxiliary unit.

[0006] Furthermore, the centering jig is specifically installed as follows: a plurality of guide rails are fixedly connected to the base, and the guide rails are slidably connected to a plurality of connecting pieces, a first slide plate and a second slide plate are provided on four sides of the base, two third slide plates are provided on the opposite side of each first slide plate, the bottom surfaces of the first slide plate, the second slide plate and the third slide plate are all fixedly connected to the connecting pieces, a guide rail locking block is provided on the bottom surface of the third slide plate, a driving mechanism is fixedly connected to the middle of the base, the four driving mechanisms are respectively connected to the two first slide plates and the second slide plate, the position of the connecting piece on the guide rail can be adjusted to realize the position adjustment of the third slide plate, and the position of the first slide plate and the second slide plate can be adjusted by changing the movement stroke of the driving mechanism, so as to achieve the purpose of adapting the same set of centering jigs to products of different specifications and sizes, and the position of the third slide plate is fixed by the guide rail locking block after the adjustment is completed.

[0007] Furthermore, the base and the first slide are both equipped with multiple electric rollers. When the sheet is not placed within the range of the positioning pins, the electric rollers rotate and rely on friction to drive the sheet to adjust along the length direction so that the sheet falls within the range of the positioning pins. The electric rollers rotate in the same direction to drive the sheet to move slightly in one direction, accumulating the cutting error of the sheet on the same side, thereby reducing the deviation of the overall size of the parts during welding. The first slide and the third slide are both fixedly connected with electromagnets, and the base, the first slide and the second slide are all fixedly connected with multiple positioning pins and support blocks. A lifting pin mechanism is provided between the first slide and the third slide.

[0008] Furthermore, the welding workbench is specifically installed as follows: two sets of connected sliding units are fixed to the frame body, and the welding unit and the splicing auxiliary unit are respectively installed on the two sets of sliding units, spanning the welding workbench and reciprocating above the centering fixture.

[0009] Furthermore, the splicing auxiliary unit includes a crossbeam spanning both sides of the welding workbench, and a longitudinal beam installed on the crossbeam. Four sets of clamping mechanisms and a laser detection unit are installed on the longitudinal beam. The clamping mechanism is composed of a guide rod cylinder and multiple sets of spring clamping wheels. When the first slide is centered toward the third slide, one side of the clamping mechanism presses the longitudinal sheet material, and the other side prevents the transverse sheet material from deforming, warping and overlapping the longitudinal sheet material during centering, thereby playing a centering and guiding role.

[0010] Furthermore, the locating pins are respectively arranged on the base, the first slide plate and the third slide plate, and are distributed along the non-welding edges, and are used to position the non-welding edges of the longitudinal and transverse plates. The locating pin installation position is an oblong hole, and the position can be adjusted appropriately to facilitate the adjustment of parts with similar sizes.

[0011] Furthermore, the lifting pin mechanism is fixedly connected to the third slide plate through a mounting seat, and a lifting drive is installed on the mounting seat. The guide rod and the pin are installed on the lifting drive movement side. The guide rod ensures that the pin lifting movement is stable and does not deviate. It is used to position the welding edges of the longitudinal and transverse plates. When the plates are placed, the lifting pin mechanism is raised for positioning. When splicing, the lifting pin mechanism is lowered without affecting the movement of the first slide plate.

[0012] According to another aspect of the present invention, the proposed method comprises the following steps:

[0013] a) The lifting and lowering drive of the lifting pin mechanism causes the pin to rise, and the longitudinal sheet is placed on the support block of the base and the electromagnet of the third slide along the positioning pin and the pin. The driving mechanism of the second slide and the electric roller of the base act to complete the positioning of the longitudinal sheet. The electromagnet of the third slide is energized to absorb the longitudinal sheet, and the lifting and lowering drive action causes the pin to fall;

[0014] b) Place the transverse sheet along the positioning pin onto the support block and electromagnet of the first slide, and the electric roller moves to adjust the position of the transverse sheet. The splicing auxiliary unit moves to the top of the centering fixture, the guide rod cylinder moves, the spring clamping wheel presses on the longitudinal sheet splicing position, the servo drive mechanism of the first slide moves, driving the transverse sheet to move toward the longitudinal sheet, and stops at the preset position. The electromagnet of the first slide is energized to absorb the transverse sheet, and the guide rod cylinder is retracted to complete the automatic centering splicing;

[0015] c) The splicing auxiliary unit reciprocates in the area above the centering jig, so that the laser detection unit measures multiple gap distances at different positions of the sheet joints. If the gaps are all less than ±0.1mm, the centering and splicing are correct. If the gap is greater than ±0.1mm, the driving mechanism of the first slide plate moves slightly according to the detected distance to adjust the gap to less than ±0.1mm. After the detection is completed, the splicing auxiliary unit moves back to its original position;

[0016] d) The welding unit is moved to the top of the centering fixture, aligned with the weld and started welding. After completion, the welding unit is moved back to its original position to complete the welding operation.

[0017] Beneficial effects of the present invention

[0018] The welding workbench and the centering jig have strong versatility. The centering jig can realize the production of vehicle body sunroof frames of different sizes by adjusting the positions of the first slide plate, the second slide plate, the third slide plate, the locating pins and the support blocks. The switching between different products is quick and convenient, which solves the problem of poor versatility of existing centering jigs and reduces the use cost of equipment. There are locating pins for positioning in each direction of the sheet material, especially liftable locating pins are added on the welding edge to ensure the positioning accuracy of the welding edge. The splicing detection and gap feedback adjustment functions are added, and a laser detection unit is equipped on the splicing auxiliary unit to realize high-precision automatic detection of the splicing gap and closed-loop control of feedback adjustment, thereby improving the qualified rate of welded parts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a welding workbench of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the centering jig of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the lifting pin mechanism of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure:

[0024] 1-centering fixture; 2-welding workbench; 101-base; 102-guide rail; 103-connecting piece; 104-first slide; 105-second slide; 106-third slide; 107-guide rail locking block; 108-driving mechanism; 109-electric roller; 110-electromagnet; 111-locating pin; 112-support block; 113-lifting pin mechanism; 114-longitudinal sheet; 115-transverse sheet; 201-frame body; 202-sliding unit; 203-welding unit; 204-joining auxiliary unit; 1131-mounting seat; 1132-lifting drive; 1133-guide rod; 1134-pin; 2041-crossbeam; 2042-longitudinal beam; 2043-clamping mechanism; 2044-laser detection unit; 2045-guide rod cylinder; 2046-spring clamping wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0026] Before production, the pin 1134 of the lifting pin mechanism 113 is raised, and the longitudinal sheet 114 and the transverse sheet 115 are placed on the electromagnet 110 according to the shape of the skylight frame. The electromagnet 110 is energized to attract the sheet, and the position of the connecting piece 103 of the guide rail 102 is adjusted to adjust the position of the third slide 106. The movement stroke of the driving mechanism 108 is changed to adjust the position of the first slide 104 and the second slide 105. The position of the positioning pin 111 is adjusted so that the sheet has a limit in each direction. After the adjustment is completed, the position of the third slide 106 is fixed by the guide rail locking block 107, the debugging of the centering fixture 1 is completed, and the pin 1134 of the lifting pin mechanism 113 falls.

[0027] The sliding unit 202 then moves the splicing auxiliary unit 204 to just above the centering fixture 1, and the lifting drive 1132 drives the pin 1134 to fall, and adjusts the position of the longitudinal beam 2042 and the clamping mechanism 2043, so that the multiple groups of spring clamping wheels 2046 of the guide rod cylinder 2045 can be evenly distributed on both sides of the welds of the transverse sheet 114 and the longitudinal sheet 115. After completion, the guide rod cylinder 2045 retracts, and the sliding unit 202 moves the splicing auxiliary unit 204 back to its original position; the sliding unit 202 then moves the welding unit 203 to just above the centering fixture 1, adjusts the welding unit 203 to be located just above the weld, and completes the debugging of the welding workbench 2.

[0028] After all preparations are completed, the lifting drive 1132 drives the pin 1134 to rise, and the positioning pin 111 and the pin 1134 on the base 101 are used as positioning. The two longitudinal plates 114 are placed on the support block 112 and the electromagnet 110 of the third slide 106 by manual or transfer equipment respectively, and the electric roller 109 on the base rotates in the same direction to adjust the size error of the two longitudinal plates 114 to the same side. The driving mechanism 108 drives the third slide 106 to move and adjust the longitudinal plates 114 to the right position. The four electromagnets 110 on the third slide 106 are energized to attract the two longitudinal plates 114.

[0029] After the longitudinal sheet 114 is in place and fixed, the two transverse sheets 115 are placed on the support block 112 and the electromagnet 110 of the first slide 104 by manual or transfer equipment using the positioning pin 111 and the pin 1134 on the first slide 104 respectively. The electric roller 109 on the first slide 104 rotates in the same direction to adjust the size error of the two transverse sheets 115 to the same side. The lifting drive 1132 is actuated, the pin 1134 falls, the sliding unit 202 drives the splicing auxiliary unit 204 to move above the centering fixture 2, the guide rod cylinder 2044 extends, the spring clamping wheel 2046 presses on the longitudinal sheet 114, and the driving mechanism 109 drives the two first slides 104 and the transverse sheet 115 to dock with the longitudinal sheet 114. After the driving mechanism 109 moves into place, the electromagnet 110 on the first slide 104 is energized to absorb the transverse sheet 115.

[0030] After the first sheet metal joint is completed, the guide rod cylinder 2044 retracts, and the splicing auxiliary unit 204 reciprocates 2-3 times in the area above the centering fixture 1, so that the laser detection unit 2044 measures multiple gap distances at the sheet metal joint. If the gaps are all less than ±0.1mm, the centering splicing is completed. If the gaps are greater than ±0.1mm, the driving mechanism 108 drives the transverse sheet metal 115 to move slightly according to the gap distance feedback from the detection, and adjusts the gap between the longitudinal sheet metal 114 and the transverse sheet metal 115. After the adjustment is completed, the laser detection unit 2044 performs detection again, and repeats the closed-loop feedback adjustment process until the gap is less than ±0.1mm.

[0031] After the centering splicing is completed, the sliding unit 202 drives the splicing auxiliary unit 204 to move back to its original position, and the welding unit 203 moves to the top of the centering fixture 1 and moves along a preset trajectory to complete the welding work. After completion, the welding unit 203 moves back to its original position, and the transfer system takes away the parts to complete a welding operation.

[0032] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser welding equipment for a vehicle body sunroof frame, characterized in that: The invention comprises a centering jig (1) and a welding workbench (2), wherein the centering jig (1) is fixed to the welding workbench (2); the centering jig (1) comprises a base (101), a guide rail (102), a connecting piece (103), a first slide plate (104), a second slide plate (105), a third slide plate (106), a guide rail locking block (107), a driving mechanism (108), an electric roller (109), an electromagnet (110), a positioning pin (111), a supporting block (112) and a lifting pin mechanism (113); and the welding workbench (2) comprises a frame body (201), a sliding unit (202), a welding unit (203) and a splicing auxiliary unit (204).

2. The laser welding equipment for a vehicle body sunroof frame according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The centering jig (1) is specifically installed as follows: a base (101) is fixedly connected to a plurality of guide rails (102), and the guide rails (102) are slidably connected to a plurality of connecting members (103); a first slide plate (104) and a second slide plate (105) are provided on four sides of the base (101); two third slide plates (106) are provided on the opposite side of each first slide plate (104); the bottom surfaces of the first slide plate (104), the second slide plate (105) and the third slide plate (106) are all fixedly connected to the connecting member (103); a guide rail locking block (107) is provided on the bottom surface of the third slide plate (106); and the middle of the base (101) is fixedly connected to the guide rails (102). A driving mechanism (108) is provided. The four driving mechanisms (108) are respectively connected to the two first slides (104) and the second slide (105). The base (101) and the first slide (102) are both equipped with a plurality of electric rollers (109). The first slide (104) and the third slide (106) are both fixedly connected with an electromagnet (110). The base (101), the first slide (104) and the second slide (105) are all fixedly connected with a plurality of positioning pins (111) and a support block (112). A lifting pin mechanism (113) is provided between the first slide (104) and the third slide (106).

3. The laser welding equipment for vehicle body sunroof frame according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The welding workbench (2) is specifically installed as follows: two sets of connected sliding units (202) are fixedly connected to the frame body (201), and the welding unit (203) and the splicing auxiliary unit (204) are respectively installed on the two sets of sliding units (202), spanning the welding workbench (2) and performing reciprocating motion above the centering fixture (1).

4. The laser welding equipment for a vehicle body sunroof frame according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The splicing auxiliary unit (204) comprises a crossbeam (2041) spanning across two sides of a welding workbench, and a longitudinal beam (2042) mounted on the crossbeam (2041); four groups of clamping mechanisms (2043) and a laser detection unit (2044) are mounted on the longitudinal beam (2042); the clamping mechanism (2043) is composed of a guide rod cylinder (2045) and a plurality of groups of spring clamping wheels (2046).

5. The laser welding equipment for vehicle body sunroof frame according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The positioning pins (111) are respectively arranged on the base (101), the first slide plate (104) and the third slide plate (106), and are distributed along the non-welding edges, and are used to position the non-welding edges of the longitudinal plate material (114) and the transverse plate material (115).

6. The laser welding equipment for vehicle body sunroof frame according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lifting pin mechanism (113) is fixedly connected to the third slide plate (106) via a mounting seat (1131), a lifting drive (1132) is mounted on the mounting seat (1131), and a guide rod (1133) and a pin (1134) are mounted on the moving side of the lifting drive (1132) for positioning the welding edges of the longitudinal plate (114) and the transverse plate (115).

7. A method for laser welding a vehicle body sunroof frame, according to the laser welding device for a vehicle body sunroof frame according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the method comprising the following steps: a) the lifting drive (1132) of the lifting pin mechanism (113) is actuated, the pin (1134) is raised, and the longitudinal plate (114) is placed on the support block (112) of the base (101) and the electromagnet (110) of the third slide plate (106) along the positioning pin (111) and the pin (1134), the driving mechanism (108) of the second slide plate (105) and the electric roller (109) of the base (101) are actuated to complete the positioning of the longitudinal plate (114), the electromagnet (110) of the third slide plate (106) is energized to attract the longitudinal plate (114), the lifting drive (1132) is actuated, and the pin (1134) falls; b) Place the transverse sheet (115) onto the support block (112) and the electromagnet (110) of the first slide (104) along the positioning pin (111), and the electric roller (109) is activated to adjust the position of the transverse sheet (115). The splicing auxiliary unit (204) moves to the top of the centering fixture (1), the guide rod cylinder (2044) is activated, and the spring clamping wheel (2046) is pressed on the splicing position of the longitudinal sheet (114). The driving mechanism (108) of the first slide (104) is activated to drive the transverse sheet (115) to move toward the longitudinal sheet (114), and stop at the preset position. The electromagnet (110) of the first slide (104) is energized to absorb the transverse sheet (115), and the guide rod cylinder (2045) is retracted to complete the automatic centering splicing; c) the splicing auxiliary unit (204) moves back and forth in the area above the centering jig (1), so that the laser detection unit (2044) measures multiple gap distances at different positions of the sheet material splicing. If the gaps are all detected to be less than ±0.1 mm, the centering splicing is correct. If the gaps are greater than ±0.1 mm, the driving mechanism (108) of the first slide plate (104) moves slightly according to the detected distance to adjust the gap to less than ±0.1 mm. After the detection is completed, the splicing auxiliary unit (204) moves back to its original position; d) The welding unit (203) is moved to the top of the centering fixture (1), aligned with the weld and starts welding. After completion, the welding unit (203) is moved back to its original position to complete the welding operation.

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