Construction method of ultrahigh target gallery structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction method of an ultrahigh target gallery structure, and relates to the technical field of civil engineering structures, and the construction method comprises the following steps: S1, construction of foot protection walls; s2, construction of a gravel drainage layer; s3, reinforced soil side slope construction; S4, slope surface protection construction; s5, drainage ditch construction; and S6, preparing a clay water-resisting layer. The technical problems of stability, safety and durability of the ultrahigh slope designed by the target range structure of emergency projects are effectively solved by utilizing the combination of key components and accessories such as the toe protection wall, the gravel drainage layer, the geotechnical cloth, the reinforced soil, the U-shaped nails, the soil bags, the water-resisting layer, the slope surface protection layer, the PCV drainage pipe and the slope toe drainage ditch; the safety, stability and economical efficiency of the ultrahigh target gallery are guaranteed, the construction quality is guaranteed, and the service life is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering structures, and more specifically to the technical field of a construction method of an ultra-high target gallery structure. Background Art

[0002] In the construction of comprehensive emergency projects, in order to cope with emergencies, it is often necessary to design a target gallery for shooting drills. The design of the target gallery needs to ensure sufficient height, strength and durability. Avoid unreasonable structural design of the target gallery, which may lead to penetration, destruction and loss of bullet effect under shooting, or excessive height design.

[0003] Especially when building the target gallery on flat or inclined ground, when the gallery needs to be several dozen meters high, the compaction is difficult to control. The trapezoidal step form is controlled, and the construction work surface becomes smaller as it goes up, making it difficult for machinery to go up. The compaction becomes more difficult to control as it goes up. This causes the slope to tilt, shift, or collapse under the action of gravity and rain, losing the bullet-blocking effect originally designed, causing safety accidents. If the target gallery structure is well designed and controlled, it has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problems of stability, safety and durability of super-high slopes in the design of shooting range structures of existing emergency projects, and to provide a construction method for a super-high target gallery structure.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention specifically adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a construction method of an ultra-high target gallery structure, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Construction of the footing wall: excavate a circle of foundation trench as required, compact the foundation trench, pour mortar into the compacted foundation trench, harden to form a mortar cushion layer, pour concrete on the hardened mortar cushion layer and harden to form a concrete layer, thus completing the construction of the footing wall;

[0008] S2. Construction of gravel drainage layer: After the geotextile and backfill are completed in the area surrounded by the footing wall, a layer of gravel is laid on top of it, and the gravel is rolled and compacted to form a gravel drainage layer, ensuring that the compaction degree of the gravel drainage layer is above 95%, and the construction of the gravel drainage layer is completed;

[0009] S3. Reinforced soil slope construction:

[0010] S31, reinforced soil backfill: The backfill area is above the gravel drainage layer. The entire backfill area is backfilled in layers with reinforced soil. After backfilling one layer, a small roller is used to compact the layer immediately. The process is repeated layer by layer to ensure continuous and uninterrupted operation.

[0011] S32. Laying of high-tenacity polyester woven geotextile: High-tenacity polyester woven geotextile is laid before each layer of backfilling, and "U"-shaped steel nails are used to fix the high-tenacity polyester woven geotextile after it is returned to the package;

[0012] S33. Laying of PVC pipe drainage holes: During the backfilling process of each layer of reinforced soil, PVC pipes are laid horizontally and vertically at intervals according to the top elevation of the footing wall;

[0013] S34, repeat the above steps until all reinforced soil construction that meets the design requirements is completed, and after the reinforced soil settlement is stable, the slope construction is carried out, and the slope is planted with grass and greening for protection;

[0014] S35. Earthbag filling and stacking: After the slope is constructed, the slope surface is filled with earthbags in layers using a bagging machine, and the earthbags are sewn with hemp ropes or binding wires. The upper and lower earthbags should be staggered and stacked, and the staggered distance should be ensured to be more than 20cm. The earthbags are statically compacted with a smooth wheel roller, and the surface of the earthbags is rolled in the same way to make the earthbags flat and compacted;

[0015] S4. Slope protection construction: The slope is sprayed with grass slurry for greening. The spray-mixed vegetation technology is used for overall construction. The construction sequence is from bottom to top. The spray-mixed vegetation is roughly divided into two stages: the anchor construction stage and the spray-planting mixed base material stage;

[0016] S5. Drainage ditch construction:

[0017] S51. Excavation of drainage ditches. On-site drainage is divided into slope surface drainage and slope waterproofing. Drainage ditches are excavated outside the footing wall. The drainage direction should be based on the slope top elevation, from high to low to both sides, and finally connected to the site drainage system;

[0018] S52. After pouring the cushion layer of the drainage ditch, the base is compacted and the bearing capacity reaches the design requirements, and after acceptance by Party A and the supervision unit, the side formwork on both sides of the cushion layer is supported and concrete is poured;

[0019] S53, formwork removal and curing: when the concrete strength reaches 2.5MPa, the formwork is removed and covered for curing;

[0020] S54, Slope foot water dispersion: To ensure the safety of the target gallery, the slope foot wall and the drainage ditch are sealed with water dispersion;

[0021] S6. Clay aquiclude: The topmost layer of the backfill area is finished with clay to form a clay aquiclude. The clay aquiclude has a slope from the middle to the two layers.

[0022] In one embodiment, in step S1, the specific steps of constructing the footing wall are as follows:

[0023] S11. Excavation and compaction of foundation trench: excavation is carried out by small excavators in cooperation with manual labor, and 30 cm is reserved for manual bottom picking. After the foundation trench is excavated, the bottom is compacted and compacted;

[0024] S12, mortar cushion pouring: the bottom of the foundation pit is compacted and the bearing capacity meets the design requirements, and is accepted by Party A and the supervision unit;

[0025] S13. Supporting formwork: Determine the position of the formwork according to the design size and measurement of the footing wall, hang the line and install the formwork; the formwork should be reinforced and the joints should be flat; the footing wall should use horizontal steel pipes of Φ48.3×3.6mm with a spacing of 400~600mm, and fixed with M12 tension bolts;

[0026] S14. Concrete pouring: Use cast-in-place concrete. When pouring, divide the concrete into sections (every 30m apart) and horizontal layers according to the location of the expansion joints. The thickness of each layer should be controlled at 30cm. Use an inserted vibrator to vibrate and compact it. Figure 2 shown.

[0027] In one embodiment, in step S2, the specific steps of constructing the gravel drainage layer are as follows:

[0028] S21. Laying gravel: gravel should be of good quality, clean and free of impurities. Use appropriate equipment (such as excavators, loaders, etc.) to evenly lay the gravel in the construction area. The particle size of the gravel should be selected according to the design requirements;

[0029] S22. Compact the gravel with a roller: Use a roller to compact the gravel to ensure that the gravel drainage layer is tight and has no gaps. During the compaction process, the thickness and flatness of the gravel drainage layer are maintained. The final compaction thickness of the gravel drainage layer is 50 cm. Figure 3 As shown;

[0030] In one embodiment, in step S31, the specific steps of backfilling with reinforced soil are as follows:

[0031] S311, determining the backfill area of ​​reinforced soil; that is, the target corridor area;

[0032] S312. The entire backfill area is divided into the south side (Area A) and extends to the north side (Area B) (except for the 1m range around the corners of each layer where earthbags are stacked and compacted, it is divided into two sections, namely Area A and Area B, based on the actual site conditions and quality and construction period considerations). In each layer, Area A uses a small excavator and a soil-moving vehicle to cooperate with each other to backfill the reinforced soil. Immediately after that, a small roller is used to compact the area. At the same time, the reinforced soil in Area B is backfilled simultaneously, and the process is repeated layer by layer to ensure continuous and uninterrupted operation. When backfilling the upper reinforced soil and there is insufficient operating space on the upper part, backfill from south to north first and then roll it.

[0033] In one embodiment, in step S32, the specific steps of laying the high-tenacity polyester woven geotextile are as follows:

[0034] During the layered rolling and compacting process of backfilling reinforced soil, the high-tenacity polyester woven geotextile layer spacing is 50cm, and it is rolled in two layers. The thickness of each layer after compaction is 25cm; the moisture content of the reinforced soil Wop is controlled to be plus or minus 2% of the set moisture content, the compaction coefficient is not less than 0.95, and the ground is flat after compaction, with a height difference of no more than 10cm;

[0035] Use a loader to vertically dump gravel and filler on the foundation of high-toughness polyester woven geotextile, use an excavator to level the gravel, and use a light-wheel vibrating roller to compact the gravel; use a small vibrating roller to roll within 1.5m from the slope surface, the total mass of the small vibrating roller should not exceed 1 ton, and the compaction degree should reach more than 95%;

[0036] If the bag needs to be re-wrapped, the reserved high-tenacity polyester woven geotextile will be re-wrapped around the earthbag, stretched and spread, and fixed firmly with the second layer of high-tenacity polyester woven geotextile with U-shaped nails, and then backfilled and rolled;

[0037] In order to avoid damage to the high-tenacity polyester woven geotextile during construction, crawler machinery is prohibited from directly pressing on the high-tenacity polyester woven geotextile. The fill must be poured and covered with the high-tenacity polyester woven geotextile (thickness not less than 15cm) before the machinery can be put on; the compaction machinery shall not use the horn roller; strictly controlling the compaction degree of the fill is the key to ensure the success of the reinforced soil project;

[0038] After the reinforced soil has settled steadily, the slope construction can be carried out and the slope can be protected by grass and greening. Please refer to relevant specifications. Prevent the top of the slope from being overloaded, strictly prohibit surface water and groundwater from seeping into the slope, and control the generation and development of factors that are not conducive to slope stability. During the backfilling process, pre-embed wall ties and mesh anchors according to the construction plan or design drawings.

[0039] In one embodiment, in step S33, the specific steps of laying the drainage holes of the PVC pipe are as follows:

[0040] During the backfill process, PVC pipes with a diameter of 50mm and a length of 1m are set at intervals of 2m horizontally and vertically from the top elevation of the base wall; plum blossom-shaped holes are set on the body of each PVC pipe with a drilling spacing of 30mm and a diameter of each hole of 2mm; and each PVC pipe is wrapped with permeable non-woven fabric (wrapping length 80cm).

[0041] In one embodiment, in step S35, the earthbags are filled and stacked:

[0042] Plastic woven bags are used for earthbags. The specifications of the earthbags after filling with soil are: length 1.0m, width 0.5m, height 0.125m. Bag loading machines are used for filling, and the mouths of the earthbags are sewn with hemp ropes or binding wires. The upper and lower layers should be staggered and the staggered distance should be ensured to be more than 20cm. The stacking width of each layer of earthbags is 1m.

[0043] In one embodiment, in step S51, a drainage ditch is set at the foot of the slope. The thickness of the drainage ditch is 20 cm, and the cross section is rectangular. The width of the bottom of the drainage ditch is 0.4 m, and the height is 0.4 m. The drainage direction should be based on the elevation of the top of the slope, from high to low to both sides, and finally connected to the site drainage system. The side wall of the drainage ditch is built with C25 concrete, and the thickness of the side wall lining is 0.20 m;

[0044] Before excavation, clean the site, re-measure the position, determine the longitudinal and transverse axis control piles and level point control piles, fix them, do a good job of pile position protection, draw the inner and outer contours of the drainage ditch, and draw them on the ground with white lime. Use manual labor and excavation machinery to excavate. When the excavation is 10-15cm away from the designed size, use manual excavation;

[0045] Manually trim to the designed size, the drainage ditch excavation slope ratio of the slope foot is 1:0.5, the groove slope on the side close to the slope is excavated according to 1:0.5, and the straight groove on the other side is excavated; the excavation cannot disturb the original soil layer of the ditch bottom and the slope surface, and under-excavation is not allowed; after the trench is excavated, the ditch bottom elevation needs to be re-measured; the line type should be smooth and regular, the base and slope surface should be compacted and kept dry; after the excavation and cleaning are completed, please proceed to the next process after the supervisor's inspection is passed.

[0046] In one embodiment, in step S4, the specific steps of slope protection construction are as follows:

[0047] S41. Slope clearing: During the backfilling process, the slope has been trimmed according to the slope rate, slope height and flatness required by the design. Now it is only necessary to clean the floating stones and loose soil on the slope surface, and make the slope of the slope consistent and flat after treatment, without large protruding stones and other debris. For smooth rocks, measures such as digging and chiseling horizontal parallel grooves should be adopted to roughen them to prevent the base material from sliding down, so as to facilitate the natural combination of the base material and the slope surface;

[0048] S42. Scaffolding: Provide an operating platform for construction workers and ensure their personal safety. Scaffolding is required for slope support. Slope protection requires scaffolding for anchor construction, net spraying and grass planting construction. Double-row scaffolding is used for scaffolding.

[0049] S43. Anchor bolt installation: Insert the anchor bolt manually, with the bolt head extending 3 to 6 cm above the slope surface, and the hook facing upwards to facilitate mesh hanging. Anchor bolts are also placed from bottom to top without grouting. Note that both ends of the anchor bolt should be designed with hooks during processing.

[0050] S44. Fix the wire mesh: The wire mesh is made of a high-galvanized machine-woven mesh with a diameter of 2.6mm. It should be laid down from the top of the slope along the slope. The mesh should be tightened when laying. After it is laid smoothly, it should be hung on the anchor rod and locked with wire. Concrete pads of different thicknesses should be used as needed to keep the high-galvanized machine-woven mesh 3 to 6 cm away from the slope. After completing the connection between the mesh and the anchor rod, the firmness of the connection between the wire mesh and the anchor rod should be strictly checked to ensure that the mesh and the slope form a stable whole.

[0051] S45. Spraying mixture: After the preparation work is ready, use a concrete sprayer to spray the mixture on the slope surface; spraying should be carried out from the front, and the concave and convex parts and dead corners should be sprayed. The thickness of the sprayed planting mixed base is 10±2cm, and the planting mixed base material on the metal mesh should be no less than 3cm thick;

[0052] S46. Covering with non-woven fabric: After the spraying is completed, the surface layer is covered with non-woven fabric to reduce the scouring of seeds caused by heavy rainfall, and also reduce the evaporation of water on the slope surface, further improving the germination and growth environment of seeds;

[0053] S47. Maintenance: Maintenance work should start on the same day after spraying is completed, mainly focusing on the management of nutrients, water, pests and diseases of the vegetation, and replanting in areas lacking seedlings. Specific maintenance work should be carried out reasonably according to the season, grass seed type, substrate mixed soil properties, slope conditions, environmental conditions and plant growth conditions.

[0054] In one embodiment, in step S52, the specific steps of setting up the side forms on both sides of the cushion layer and pouring concrete are as follows:

[0055] S521 Supporting formwork: Determine the position of the formwork according to the design size and measurement of the drainage ditch, hang the line and install the formwork; the formwork should be firmly reinforced and the joints should be smooth.

[0056] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0057] It solves the technical problem of target corridors that do not have on-site conditions. At the same time, the combination of key components such as toe walls, gravel drainage layers, geotextiles, reinforced soil, U-shaped nails, earthbags, waterproof layers, slope protection, PCV drainage pipes, and slope foot drainage ditches effectively solves the technical problems of stability, safety, and durability of ultra-high slopes in the structural design of target ranges for emergency projects, ensuring the safety, stability, and economy of ultra-high target corridors, guaranteeing construction quality, and increasing service life.

[0058] 2. The gravel drainage layer is made of graded gravel laid in a certain thickness, and its length and width are consistent with the bottom of the trapezoidal target gallery. Located at the bottom of the trapezoidal target gallery, the rainwater that penetrates from the upper part of the trapezoidal target gallery is discharged through the gravel drainage layer to prevent the inner inclined slope from deforming and collapsing due to heavy rain and other heavy water volume.

[0059] 3. The footing wall is located at the front, back, left and right sides of the bottom of the super-high target corridor structure. It mainly protects the stability of the foundation and prevents the retaining wall from displacement or deformation due to weight, which affects the stability and safety of the upper fill. This footing wall is composed of a mortar cushion layer and a concrete pouring layer. The mortar cushion layer is located at the bottom of the concrete pouring layer to provide basic support, and the concrete pouring layer is located on the top of the mortar cushion layer to play a retaining role.

[0060] 4. Reinforced soil is an important component of the structure of this ultra-high target gallery. It plays a key role in blocking bullets. On the one hand, it must ensure that the shock wave of the bullet is reduced, and on the other hand, it must ensure that the bullet will not rebound or deflect due to the rigid structural design.

[0061] 5. The waterproof layer is located on both sides of the top of the waterproof layer in the long direction, and is inclined outward at a certain slope. It is made of clay filled and compacted at a certain outward slope and thickness. This waterproof layer improves the rainwater scouring resistance of the top of the trapezoidal main structure, ensures the stability of the top slope, and improves the durability and safety of the entire target gallery.

[0062] 6. The material of the geotextile layer is high-toughness poly-woven geotextile, which is located at the edge of the trapezoidal target gallery. This geotextile is used to wrap the filled gravel soil and filled earthbags. The high toughness of the geotextile is used to enhance the crack resistance and slip resistance of the edge of the trapezoidal target gallery.

[0063] 7. The drainage ditch at the foot of the slope is close to the edge of the plain concrete cushion layer. The water flowing down the slope surface and the water discharged from the graded gravel drainage layer are drained through this drainage ditch at the foot of the slope to prevent quality and safety accidents caused by slope instability due to the accumulation of rainwater. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0064] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0065] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the base wall.

[0067] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gravel drainage layer.

[0068] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of laying high-tenacity polyester woven geotextile.

[0069] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of a VC tube.

[0070] Figure 6 This is the VC tube layout diagram.

[0071] Figure 7 This is the intention of reinforced soil backfill.

[0072] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of slope protection construction.

[0073] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the steel mesh arrangement.

[0074] Fig.10 It is a structural diagram of the drainage ditch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0075] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and technical effects of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0076] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0077] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, this embodiment provides S1, construction of the footing wall: excavating a circle of foundation trench as required, compacting the foundation trench, pouring mortar into the compacted foundation trench, hardening to form a mortar cushion layer, pouring concrete on the hardened mortar cushion layer to form a concrete layer after hardening, and completing the construction of the footing wall;

[0078] S2. Construction of gravel drainage layer: After the geotextile and backfill are completed in the area surrounded by the footing wall, a layer of gravel is laid on top of it, and the gravel is rolled and compacted to form a gravel drainage layer, ensuring that the compaction degree of the gravel drainage layer is above 95%, and the construction of the gravel drainage layer is completed;

[0079] S3. Reinforced soil slope construction:

[0080] S31, reinforced soil backfill: The backfill area is above the gravel drainage layer. The entire backfill area is backfilled in layers with reinforced soil. After backfilling one layer, a small roller is used to compact the layer immediately. The process is repeated layer by layer to ensure continuous and uninterrupted operation.

[0081] S32. Laying of high-tenacity polyester woven geotextile: High-tenacity polyester woven geotextile is laid before each layer of backfilling, and "U"-shaped steel nails are used to fix the high-tenacity polyester woven geotextile after it is returned to the package;

[0082] S33. Laying of PVC pipe drainage holes: During the backfilling process of each layer of reinforced soil, PVC pipes are laid horizontally and vertically at intervals according to the top elevation of the footing wall;

[0083] S34, repeat the above steps until all reinforced soil construction that meets the design requirements is completed, and after the reinforced soil settlement is stable, the slope construction is carried out, and the slope is planted with grass and greening for protection;

[0084] S35. Earthbag filling and stacking: After the slope is constructed, the slope surface is filled with earthbags in layers using a bagging machine, and the earthbags are sewn with hemp ropes or binding wires. The upper and lower earthbags should be staggered and stacked, and the staggered distance should be ensured to be more than 20cm. The earthbags are statically compacted with a smooth wheel roller, and the surface of the earthbags is rolled in the same way to make the earthbags flat and compacted;

[0085] S4. Slope protection construction: The slope is sprayed with grass slurry for greening. The spray-mixed vegetation technology is used for overall construction. The construction sequence is from bottom to top. The spray-mixed vegetation is roughly divided into two stages: the anchor construction stage and the spray-planting mixed base material stage;

[0086] S5. Drainage ditch construction:

[0087] S51. Excavation of drainage ditches. On-site drainage is divided into slope surface drainage and slope waterproofing. Drainage ditches are excavated outside the footing wall. The drainage direction should be based on the slope top elevation, from high to low to both sides, and finally connected to the site drainage system;

[0088] S52. After pouring the cushion layer of the drainage ditch, the base is compacted and the bearing capacity reaches the design requirements, and after acceptance by Party A and the supervision unit, the side formwork on both sides of the cushion layer is supported and concrete is poured;

[0089] S53, formwork removal and curing: when the concrete strength reaches 2.5MPa, the formwork is removed and covered for curing;

[0090] S54, Slope foot water dispersion: To ensure the safety of the target gallery, the slope foot wall and the drainage ditch are sealed with water dispersion;

[0091] S6. Clay aquiclude: The topmost layer of the backfill area is finished with clay to form a clay aquiclude. The clay aquiclude has a slope from the middle to the two layers.

[0092] In one embodiment, in step S1, the specific steps of constructing the toe wall are as follows:

[0093] S11. Excavation and compaction of foundation trench: excavation is carried out by small excavators in cooperation with manual labor, and 30 cm is reserved for manual bottom picking. After the foundation trench is excavated, the bottom is compacted and compacted;

[0094] S12, mortar cushion pouring: the bottom of the foundation pit is compacted and the bearing capacity meets the design requirements, and is accepted by Party A and the supervision unit;

[0095] S13. Supporting formwork: Determine the position of the formwork according to the design size and measurement of the footing wall, hang the line and install the formwork; the formwork should be reinforced and the joints should be flat; the footing wall should use horizontal steel pipes of Φ48.3×3.6mm with a spacing of 400~600mm, and fixed with M12 tension bolts;

[0096] S14. Concrete pouring: Use cast-in-place concrete. When pouring, divide the concrete into sections (every 30m apart) and horizontal layers according to the location of the expansion joints. The thickness of each layer should be controlled at 30cm. Use an inserted vibrator to vibrate and compact it. Figure 2 shown.

[0097] In one embodiment, in step S2, the specific steps of constructing the gravel drainage layer are as follows:

[0098] S21. Laying gravel: gravel should be of good quality, clean and free of impurities. Use appropriate equipment (such as excavators, loaders, etc.) to evenly lay the gravel in the construction area. The particle size of the gravel should be selected according to the design requirements;

[0099] S22. Compact the gravel with a roller: Use a roller to compact the gravel to ensure that the gravel drainage layer is tight and has no gaps. During the compaction process, the thickness and flatness of the gravel drainage layer are maintained. The final compaction thickness of the gravel drainage layer is 50 cm. Figure 3 As shown;

[0100] In one embodiment, in step S31, the specific steps of backfilling with reinforced soil are as follows:

[0101] S311, determining the backfill area of ​​reinforced soil; that is, the target corridor area;

[0102] S312. The entire backfill area is divided into the south side (Area A) and extends to the north side (Area B) (except for the 1m range around the corners of each layer where earthbags are stacked and compacted, it is divided into two sections, namely Area A and Area B, based on the actual site conditions and quality and construction period considerations). In each layer, Area A uses a small excavator and a soil-moving vehicle to cooperate with each other to backfill the reinforced soil. Immediately after that, a small roller is used to compact the area. At the same time, the reinforced soil in Area B is backfilled simultaneously, and the process is repeated layer by layer to ensure continuous and uninterrupted operation. When backfilling the upper reinforced soil and there is insufficient operating space on the upper part, backfill from south to north first and then roll it.

[0103] In one embodiment, in step S32, the specific steps of laying the high-tenacity polyester woven geotextile are as follows:

[0104] During the layered rolling and compacting process of backfilling reinforced soil, the high-tenacity polyester woven geotextile layer spacing is 50cm, and it is rolled in two layers. The thickness of each layer after compaction is 25cm; the moisture content of the reinforced soil Wop is controlled to be plus or minus 2% of the set moisture content, the compaction coefficient is not less than 0.95, and the ground is flat after compaction, with a height difference of no more than 10cm;

[0105] Use a loader to vertically dump gravel and filler on the foundation of high-toughness polyester woven geotextile, use an excavator to level the gravel, and use a light-wheel vibrating roller to compact the gravel; use a small vibrating roller to roll within 1.5m from the slope surface, the total mass of the small vibrating roller should not exceed 1 ton, and the compaction degree should reach more than 95%;

[0106] If the bag needs to be re-wrapped, the reserved high-tenacity polyester woven geotextile will be re-wrapped around the earthbag, stretched and spread, and fixed firmly with the second layer of high-tenacity polyester woven geotextile with U-shaped nails, and then backfilled and rolled;

[0107] In order to avoid damage to the high-tenacity polyester woven geotextile during construction, crawler machinery is prohibited from directly pressing on the high-tenacity polyester woven geotextile. The fill must be poured and covered with the high-tenacity polyester woven geotextile (thickness not less than 15cm) before the machinery can be put on; the compaction machinery shall not use the horn roller; strictly controlling the compaction degree of the fill is the key to ensure the success of the reinforced soil project;

[0108] After the reinforced soil has settled steadily, the slope construction can be carried out and the slope can be protected by grass and greening. Please refer to relevant specifications. Prevent the top of the slope from being overloaded, strictly prohibit surface water and groundwater from seeping into the slope, and control the generation and development of factors that are not conducive to slope stability. During the backfilling process, pre-embed wall ties and mesh anchors according to the construction plan or design drawings.

[0109] In a specific implementation, high-tenacity polyester woven geotextile type B is used for laying before backfilling each layer. The laying length on the east and west sides is L=4m~24m, with a total of 32 layers, the layer spacing is 0.5m, and the return length at both ends is L=3.0m; the laying lengths on the north and south sides are L=17.0m, with a total of 32 layers, the layer spacing is 0.5m, and the return length is L=3.0m; the laying length is L=22.0m, with a total of 32 layers, the layer spacing is 0.5m, and the return length is L=3.0m; U-shaped steel nails are used for fixing after returning.

[0110] The specific installation requirements of high-tenacity polyester woven geotextile are as follows:

[0111] 1. Before laying, the foundation ground needs to be cleaned to ensure that there is no debris, no water accumulation, and it is kept dry and flat;

[0112] 2. When laying, the overlapping method is adopted, and the width of the overlapping interface should be greater than 20cm to ensure that the overlapping part will not be offset during use;

[0113] 3. During the suturing process, the stitches must be continuous, and before the suturing overlaps, the width of the overlapping part must not be less than 15cm; the best suturing method is to use the lock chain suturing method, the rated tension of the suture line should be greater than 60N, and the strength and corrosion resistance should be higher than that of polyester geotextile;

[0114] 4. When laying, a 3m or more geotextile should be reserved for backfilling with reinforced soil and for backpacking after earthbag stacking (after backpacking, U-shaped steel nails should be used for final fixation; after installation, protective measures should be taken to prevent dust, soil and other substances from entering the geotextile layer. If there is a missed stitch, the missed stitch must be re-stitched and reinforced.

[0115] In one embodiment, in step S33, the specific steps of laying the drainage holes of the PVC pipe are as follows:

[0116] During the backfill process, PVC pipes with a diameter of 50mm and a length of 1m are set at intervals of 2m horizontally and vertically from the top elevation of the base wall; plum blossom-shaped holes are set on the body of each PVC pipe with a drilling spacing of 30mm and a diameter of each hole of 2mm; and each PVC pipe is wrapped with permeable non-woven fabric (wrapping length 80cm).

[0117] In one embodiment, in step S35, earthbag filling and stacking:

[0118] Plastic woven bags are used for earthbags. The specifications of the earthbags after filling with soil are: length 1.0m, width 0.5m, height 0.125m. Bag loading machines are used for filling, and the mouths of the earthbags are sewn with hemp ropes or binding wires. The upper and lower layers should be staggered and the staggered distance should be ensured to be more than 20cm. The stacking width of each layer of earthbags is 1m.

[0119] In one embodiment, in step S51, a drainage ditch is set at the foot of the slope. The thickness of the drainage ditch is 20 cm, and the cross section is rectangular. The width of the bottom of the drainage ditch is 0.4 m, and the height is 0.4 m. The drainage direction should be based on the elevation of the top of the slope, from high to low to both sides, and finally connected to the site drainage system. The side wall of the drainage ditch is built with C25 concrete, and the thickness of the side wall lining is 0.20 m.

[0120] Before excavation, clean the site, re-measure the position, determine the longitudinal and transverse axis control piles and level point control piles, fix them, do a good job of pile position protection, draw the inner and outer contours of the drainage ditch, and draw them on the ground with white lime. Use manual labor and excavation machinery to excavate. When the excavation is 10-15cm away from the designed size, use manual excavation;

[0121] Manually trim to the designed size, the drainage ditch excavation slope ratio of the slope foot is 1:0.5, the groove slope on the side close to the slope is excavated according to 1:0.5, and the straight groove on the other side is excavated; the excavation cannot disturb the original soil layer of the ditch bottom and the slope surface, and under-excavation is not allowed; after the trench is excavated, the ditch bottom elevation needs to be re-measured; the line type should be smooth and regular, the base and slope surface should be compacted and kept dry; after the excavation and cleaning are completed, please proceed to the next process after the supervisor's inspection is passed.

[0122] In one embodiment, in step S4, the specific steps of slope protection construction are as follows:

[0123] S41. Slope clearing: During the backfilling process, the slope has been trimmed according to the slope rate, slope height and flatness required by the design. Now it is only necessary to clean the floating stones and loose soil on the slope surface, and make the slope of the slope consistent and flat after treatment, without large protruding stones and other debris. For smooth rocks, measures such as digging and chiseling horizontal parallel grooves should be adopted to roughen them to prevent the base material from sliding down, so as to facilitate the natural combination of the base material and the slope surface;

[0124] S42. Scaffolding erection: Provide an operating platform for construction workers and ensure their personal safety. Scaffolding is required for slope support. Slope surface protection requires scaffolding for: anchor construction, net spraying and grass planting construction (scaffolding is only erected during anchor construction, and no scaffolding is required for spraying mixture in the later stage). Double-row scaffolding is used for all scaffolding.

[0125] S43. Anchor bolt installation: Insert the anchor bolt manually, with the bolt head extending 3 to 6 cm from the slope surface, and the hook facing the top of the slope surface for hanging nets; the anchor bolts are also placed in a bottom-up order (buried in the horizontal and vertical spacing of 1m*1m during the layered backfill of reinforced soil), and grouting is not required; note that when processing the anchor bolts, both ends of the anchor bolts should be set into a shape with a hook design (the total length of each anchor bolt is 1750mm);

[0126] S44. Fix the wire mesh: The wire mesh uses a high-galvanized machine-woven mesh with a diameter of 2.6mm (mesh size 50mm*50mm); it is laid down from the top of the slope along the slope surface. The mesh should be tightened during laying. After it is laid smoothly, it is hung on the anchor rod and locked with wire. Concrete pads of different thicknesses are used as needed to keep the high-galvanized machine-woven mesh 3 to 6 cm away from the slope surface; after completing the connection between the mesh and the anchor rod, the firmness of the connection between the wire mesh and the anchor rod must be strictly checked to ensure that the mesh and the slope surface form a stable whole;

[0127] S45. Spraying mixture: After the preparation work is ready, use a concrete sprayer to spray the mixture on the slope surface; spraying should be carried out from the front, and the concave and convex parts and dead corners should be sprayed. The thickness of the sprayed planting mixed base is 10±2cm, and the planting mixed base material on the metal mesh should be no less than 3cm thick;

[0128] S46. Covering with non-woven fabric: After the spraying is completed, the surface layer is covered with non-woven fabric to reduce the scouring of seeds caused by heavy rainfall, and also reduce the evaporation of water on the slope surface, further improving the germination and growth environment of seeds;

[0129] S47. Maintenance: Maintenance work should start on the same day after spraying is completed, mainly focusing on the management of nutrients, water, pests and diseases of the vegetation, and replanting in areas where seedlings are missing; specific maintenance work should be carried out reasonably according to the season, grass seed type, substrate mixed soil properties, slope conditions, environmental conditions and plant growth conditions;

[0130] S48. Requirements for slope protection materials are as follows:

[0131] (1) Plant type: For grass seeding on slopes, grass species suitable for local climate conditions and with strong stress resistance should be selected. It is advisable to use a mixture of 3 to 4 grass species. Commonly used ones include molasses grass, bermudagrass, stylosanthes, foxtail grass, bahia grass or crabgrass. At the same time, the mixed grass species should contain low shrub seeds with well-developed root systems, lush branches and leaves, and rapid growth. Commonly used shrub species include oleander, Ligustrum lucidum, Amorpha fruticosa, and Lespedeza.

[0132] (2) The planting mixed base material is composed of weathered sand, organic fertilizer, loosening agent, water-retaining agent, binder, etc. Its formula should be determined by indoor mixing tests and field tests for rock and soil in different environments.

[0133] (3) The unit weight of non-woven fabric is 18g / ㎡.

[0134] In one embodiment, in step S52, the specific steps of setting up the side forms on both sides of the cushion layer and pouring concrete are as follows:

[0135] S521 Supporting formwork: Determine the position of the formwork according to the design size and measurement of the drainage ditch, hang the line and install the formwork; the formwork should be firmly reinforced and the joints should be smooth.

Claims

1. A construction method for an ultra-high target gallery structure, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Construction of the footing wall: excavate a circle of foundation trench as required, compact the foundation trench, pour mortar into the compacted foundation trench, harden to form a mortar cushion layer, pour concrete on the hardened mortar cushion layer and harden to form a concrete layer, thus completing the construction of the footing wall; S2. Construction of gravel drainage layer: After the geotextile and backfill are completed in the area surrounded by the footing wall, a layer of gravel is laid on top of it, and the gravel is rolled and compacted to form a gravel drainage layer, ensuring that the compaction degree of the gravel drainage layer is above 95%, and the construction of the gravel drainage layer is completed; S3. Reinforced soil slope construction: S31, reinforced soil backfill: The backfill area is above the gravel drainage layer. The entire backfill area is backfilled in layers with reinforced soil. After backfilling one layer, a small roller is used to compact the layer immediately. The process is repeated layer by layer to ensure continuous and uninterrupted operation. S32. Laying of high-tenacity polyester woven geotextile: High-tenacity polyester woven geotextile is laid before each layer of backfilling, and "U"-shaped steel nails are used to fix the high-tenacity polyester woven geotextile after it is returned to the package; S33. Laying of PVC pipe drainage holes: During the backfilling process of each layer of reinforced soil, PVC pipes are laid horizontally and vertically at intervals according to the top elevation of the footing wall; S34, repeat the above steps until all reinforced soil construction that meets the design requirements is completed, and after the reinforced soil settlement is stable, the slope construction is carried out, and the slope is planted with grass and greening for protection; S35. Earthbag filling and stacking: After the slope is constructed, the slope surface is filled with earthbags in layers using a bagging machine, and the earthbags are sewn with hemp ropes or binding wires. The upper and lower earthbags should be staggered and stacked, and the staggered distance should be ensured to be more than 20cm. The earthbags are statically compacted with a smooth wheel roller, and the surface of the earthbags is rolled in the same way to make the earthbags flat and compacted; S4. Slope protection construction: The slope is sprayed with grass slurry for greening. The spray-mixed vegetation technology is used for overall construction. The construction sequence is from bottom to top. The spray-mixed vegetation is roughly divided into two stages: the anchor construction stage and the spray-planting mixed base material stage; S5. Drainage ditch construction: S51. Excavation of drainage ditches. On-site drainage is divided into slope surface drainage and slope waterproofing. Drainage ditches are excavated outside the footing wall. The drainage direction should be based on the slope top elevation, from high to low to both sides, and finally connected to the site drainage system; S52. After pouring the cushion layer of the drainage ditch, the base is compacted and the bearing capacity reaches the design requirements, and after acceptance by Party A and the supervision unit, the side formwork on both sides of the cushion layer is supported and concrete is poured; S53, formwork removal and curing: when the concrete strength reaches 2.5MPa, the formwork is removed and covered for curing; S54, Slope foot water dispersion: To ensure the safety of the target gallery, the slope foot wall and the drainage ditch are sealed with water dispersion; S6. Clay aquiclude: The topmost layer of the backfill area is finished with clay to form a clay aquiclude. The clay aquiclude has a slope from the middle to the two layers.

2. The construction method of a super-high target gallery structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the specific steps of constructing the footing wall are as follows: S11. Excavation and compaction of foundation trench: excavation is carried out by small excavators in cooperation with manual labor, and a reserved thickness is used for manual bottom picking. After the foundation trench excavation is completed, the bottom is compacted and compacted; S12, mortar cushion pouring: the bottom of the foundation pit is compacted and the bearing capacity meets the design requirements, and is accepted by Party A and the supervision unit; S13, formwork support: determine the position of the formwork according to the design size of the footing wall and the measurement and setting out, hang the line and install the formwork; The formwork should be firmly reinforced and the joints should be flat; S14. Concrete pouring: Use cast-in-place concrete. When pouring, proceed in sections and horizontal layers according to the location of expansion joints, and use inserted vibrators to vibrate and compact it.

3. The construction method of a super-high target gallery structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the specific steps of constructing the gravel drainage layer are as follows: S21. Laying gravel: Lay the gravel evenly in the construction area. The particle size of the gravel should be selected according to the design requirements; S22. Compact the gravel with a roller: Use a roller to compact the gravel to ensure that the gravel drainage layer is tight and has no gaps. During the compaction process, maintain the thickness and flatness of the gravel drainage layer.

4. The construction method of a super-high target gallery structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S31, the specific steps of backfilling reinforced soil are as follows: S311, determining the backfill area of ​​reinforced soil; S312. The entire backfill area is divided into south and north sides. In each layer of area A, a small excavator and a soil transport vehicle cooperate with each other to backfill the reinforced soil. Immediately after that, a small roller is used to compact the area. At the same time, the reinforced soil backfilling in area B is carried out simultaneously. This process is repeated layer by layer to ensure continuous and uninterrupted operation.

5. The construction method of a super-high target gallery structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S32, the specific steps of laying the high-tenacity polyester woven geotextile are as follows: During the layered rolling and compacting process of backfilling reinforced soil, the high-tenacity polyester woven geotextile layer spacing is 50cm, and it is rolled in two layers. The thickness of each layer after compaction is 25cm; the moisture content of the reinforced soil Wop is controlled to be plus or minus 2% of the set moisture content, the compaction coefficient is not less than 0.95, and the ground is flat after compaction, with a height difference of no more than 10cm; Use a loader to vertically dump gravel and filler on the foundation of high-toughness polyester woven geotextile, use an excavator to level the gravel, and use a light-wheel vibrating roller to compact the gravel; use a small vibrating roller to roll within 1.5m from the slope surface, the total mass of the small vibrating roller should not exceed 1 ton, and the compaction degree should reach more than 95%; If the earthbag needs to be repacked, the reserved high-tenacity polyester woven geotextile will be used to wrap the earthbag, tighten and spread it, and fix it firmly with the second layer of high-tenacity polyester woven geotextile with U-shaped nails, and then backfill and roll it.

6. The construction method of a super-high target gallery structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S33, the specific steps of laying the PVC pipe drainage holes are as follows: During the backfill process, PVC pipes with a diameter of 50mm and a length of 1m are set at intervals of 2m horizontally and vertically from the top elevation of the base wall; plum blossom-shaped holes are set on the body of each PVC pipe with a drilling spacing of 30mm and a diameter of each hole of 2mm; and each PVC pipe is wrapped with permeable non-woven fabric (wrapping length 80cm).

7. The construction method of a super-high target gallery structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S35, earthbag filling and stacking: Plastic woven bags are used for earthbags. The specifications of the earthbags after filling with soil are: length 1.0m, width 0.5m, height 0.125m. Bag loading machines are used for filling, and the mouths of the earthbags are sewn with hemp ropes or binding wires. The upper and lower layers should be staggered and the staggered distance should be ensured to be more than 20cm. The stacking width of each layer of earthbags is 1m.

8. The construction method of a super-high target gallery structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S51, a drainage ditch is set at the foot of the slope. The thickness of the drainage ditch is 20 cm, and the cross section is rectangular. The width of the bottom of the drainage ditch is 0.4 m, and the height is 0.4 m. The drainage direction should be based on the elevation of the top of the slope, from high to low to both sides, and finally connected to the site drainage system. The side walls of the drainage ditch are built with C25 concrete, and the thickness of the side wall lining is 0.20 m; Before excavation, clean the site, re-measure the position, determine the longitudinal and transverse axis control piles and level point control piles, fix them, do a good job of pile position protection, draw the inner and outer contours of the drainage ditch, and draw them on the ground with white lime. Use manual labor and excavation machinery to excavate. When the excavation is 10-15cm away from the designed size, use manual excavation; Manually trim to the designed size, the drainage ditch excavation slope ratio of the slope foot is 1:0.5, the groove slope on the side close to the slope is excavated according to 1:0.5, and the straight groove on the other side is excavated; after the trench is excavated, the ditch bottom elevation needs to be remeasured; the line type should be smooth and regular, the base and slope surface should be compacted and kept dry; after the excavation and cleaning are completed, please proceed to the next process after the supervisor's inspection is passed.

9. The construction method of a super-high target gallery structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the specific steps of slope protection construction are as follows: S41, Slope clearing: During the backfilling process, the slope has been trimmed according to the slope rate, slope height and flatness required by the design, and the slope surface after treatment is consistent and flat; S42. Scaffolding erection: Scaffolding shall be erected for slope support; S43. Anchor bolt installation: The anchor bolt is inserted manually, with the bolt head extending 3 to 6 cm above the slope surface, and the hook facing upward. The anchor bolt is also placed from bottom to top without grouting. S44. Fix the wire mesh: The wire mesh is made of high-galvanized machine-woven mesh with a diameter of 2.6mm. It is laid down from the top of the slope along the slope surface. The mesh should be tightened during laying. After it is laid smoothly, the mesh is hung on the anchor rod and locked with wire. Concrete pads of different thicknesses are used as needed to keep the high-galvanized machine-woven mesh 3 to 6 cm away from the slope surface. S45, spraying mixture: Use a concrete sprayer to spray the mixture on the slope surface; spraying should be done from the front, the thickness of the sprayed planting mixture base should be 10±2cm, and the planting mixture base material on the metal mesh should be no less than 3cm thick; S46, covering with non-woven fabric: after the spraying is completed, the surface layer is covered with non-woven fabric; S47. Maintenance: Maintenance work should start on the same day after spraying is completed, mainly focusing on the management of nutrients, water, diseases and insect pests of the vegetation, and replanting in areas where seedlings are missing.

10. The construction method of a super-high target gallery structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S52, the specific steps of setting up the side forms on both sides of the cushion layer and pouring concrete are as follows: S521 Supporting formwork: Determine the position of the formwork according to the design size and measurement of the drainage ditch, hang the line and install the formwork; the formwork should be firmly reinforced and the joints should be smooth.

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