Landslide composite slope protection retaining structure and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of landslide slope protection supporting and retaining, in particular to a landslide composite slope protection supporting and retaining structure and a construction method thereof.The landslide composite slope protection supporting and retaining structure comprises a drainage anti-skid structure located on the upper portion of a landslide body and a soil retaining structure located on the lower portion of the landslide body; the drainage anti-skid structure comprises a front anti-skid pile, a front crown beam and prefabricated reinforced flow guide ribs. The landslide composite slope protection supporting and retaining structure can adapt to complex terrains such as soft soil foundations and heavy rainfall, a weathered layer on the upper portion of a landslide body is reinforced and drained through the landslide composite slope protection supporting and retaining structure, transverse displacement of a mountain is further limited by the lower portion of the landslide body through the soil retaining structure, and the prefabricated reinforcing flow guide ribs and the prefabricated retaining wall are factory prefabricated products; and by combining with cast-in-place construction, the construction speed can be effectively increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of landslide slope protection and retaining, and in particular to a landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] When a landslide occurs, buildings within the range of the landslide body will suffer serious damage. For example, the foundation of a house may settle unevenly as the soil slides, causing cracks in the wall, and in severe cases, the house will collapse as a whole. In a village in the mountainous area, if a large landslide occurs, the houses in the entire village may be buried, causing casualties and huge property losses. For industrial buildings and infrastructure, such as factory buildings and warehouses, landslides may destroy the building structure and damage the equipment inside. At the same time, transportation infrastructure such as railways and highways will also be affected. The landslide body may bury the rails or road surfaces, interrupting traffic. Existing landslide support and protection structures include structures such as anti-slide piles or retaining walls. In actual applications, a single protection structure has limited protection capabilities and poor drainage performance, while a complex combination has problems such as slow construction speed. In view of this, this case was created. Summary of the invention

[0003] An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above-mentioned problems by means of a landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure and a construction method thereof.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure, including a drainage and anti-skid structure located at the upper part of the landslide body and a retaining structure located at the lower part of the landslide body, the drainage and anti-skid structure including a front anti-skid pile, a front crown beam and a prefabricated reinforced guide rib, the front anti-skid pile penetrates into the interior of the landslide body, the front crown beam covers the top of the front anti-skid pile, the prefabricated reinforced guide rib extends downward along the surface of the landslide body, the bottom end of the prefabricated reinforced guide rib is connected to the front crown beam, the landslide body between the prefabricated reinforced guide ribs is covered with a concrete protective layer, the retaining structure includes a rear anti-skid pile, a rear crown beam and a prefabricated retaining wall, the rear anti-skid pile penetrates into the interior of the landslide body, the rear crown beam covers the top of the rear anti-skid pile, and the prefabricated retaining wall is arranged on the rear crown beam.

[0005] Preferably, the prefabricated reinforced guide ribs are provided with longitudinal guide grooves extending longitudinally.

[0006] Preferably, a transverse guide groove extending laterally is provided on the front crown beam, and the transverse guide groove is connected to the longitudinal guide groove.

[0007] Preferably, the prefabricated reinforced guide ribs are connected by cross beams, and the concrete protective layer is concrete, reinforced concrete or soil nail wall.

[0008] Preferably, a through flow guide hole and an anchor hole are provided in the longitudinal flow guide groove, a flow guide pipe extending to the inside of the landslide body is provided in the flow guide hole, and an anchor cable extending to the inside of the landslide body is provided in the anchor hole.

[0009] Preferably, the side wall of the guide tube is provided with permeable through holes, a porous ceramic column is provided inside the guide tube, a hollow water guide channel is provided inside the porous ceramic column, and a plurality of porous ceramic columns are connected in series via a long rod.

[0010] Preferably, the anchor cable comprises an expansion shell anchor head, an anchor rod, a pad and a nut, and one end of the anchor rod is provided with an expansion shell anchor head, and the other end is provided with a pad and a nut.

[0011] Preferably, the front anti-slip piles are provided in two rows, the diameter of the front anti-slip piles close to the top of the slope is larger than the diameter of the front anti-slip piles close to the bottom of the slope, the length of the front anti-slip piles close to the top of the slope is smaller than the length of the front anti-slip piles close to the bottom of the slope, and the rear anti-slip piles are provided in two rows, and their diameter and length are the same.

[0012] Preferably, the prefabricated retaining wall includes a retaining wall, a side supporting wall and a limiting wall, the side supporting walls are located on both sides of the retaining wall, the limiting wall is located below the retaining wall and the side supporting wall, the bottom of the side supporting wall is supported on the rear crown beam, the inner side of the limiting wall abuts against the rear crown beam, and a post-cast layer covering the top surface of the rear crown beam is provided between the side supporting walls.

[0013] The above-mentioned landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure and its construction method include the following steps: leveling the site, pouring front anti-slip piles and rear anti-slip piles; pouring front crown beams and rear crown beams on the top of the front anti-slip piles and rear anti-slip piles respectively; laying prefabricated reinforced diversion ribs, cross beams and concrete protective layers, installing diversion pipes in diversion holes, and installing anchor cables in anchor holes; hoisting the prefabricated retaining wall to the top surface of the rear crown beam, the bottom of the side support wall is supported on the top surface of the rear crown beam, the inner side of the limit wall abuts against the side surface of the rear crown beam, the reserved steel bars on the retaining wall and the side support wall are tied with the reserved steel bars on the top of the rear crown beam to form a steel frame, and then concrete is poured to form a post-cast layer.

[0014] From the above description, it can be seen that the landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure and the construction method thereof provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects: the landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure can adapt to complex terrains such as soft soil foundation and heavy rainfall, the weathering layer on the upper part of the landslide body is reinforced and drained through the landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure, and the lateral displacement of the mountain body is further restricted through the retaining structure. The prefabricated reinforced diversion ribs and prefabricated retaining walls are factory-prefabricated products, which, combined with on-site casting construction, can effectively improve the construction speed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure.

[0016] Figure 2 It is the side view of the landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure.

[0017] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure.

[0018] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of local A.

[0019] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of local B.

[0020] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of prefabricated retaining wall.

[0021] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention is further described below through specific implementation modes.

[0023] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0024] like Figure 1 and 2As shown, the composite slope protection and retaining structure of the landslide of the present invention includes a drainage and anti-skid structure located at the upper part of the landslide body and a retaining structure located at the lower part of the landslide body, the drainage and anti-skid structure includes a front anti-skid pile 1, a front crown beam 2 and a prefabricated reinforced guide rib 3, the front anti-skid pile 1 penetrates into the landslide body, the front crown beam 2 covers the top of the front anti-skid pile 1, the prefabricated reinforced guide rib 3 extends downward along the surface of the landslide body, the bottom end of the prefabricated reinforced guide rib 3 is connected to the front crown beam 2, the landslide body between the prefabricated reinforced guide ribs 3 is covered with a concrete protective layer 4, the retaining structure includes a rear anti-skid pile 5, a rear crown beam 6 and a prefabricated retaining wall 7, the rear anti-skid pile 5 penetrates into the landslide body, the rear crown beam 6 covers the top of the rear anti-skid pile 5, and the prefabricated retaining wall 7 is arranged on the rear crown beam 6. Pile-anchor and pile-brace support structures are common combined support solutions for deep foundation pits. In actual projects, although the pile-brace support structure is effective in ensuring the stability of the foundation pit and controlling the deformation of the surrounding area, it has caused certain difficulties in the earthwork excavation project and the project cost is relatively high. The pile-anchor support structure has a low construction cost, but its ability to restrain the deformation of the foundation pit is relatively weak, and its applicability in soft strata and strata with heavy rainfall is poor; the overall displacement of the landslide body is mainly concentrated in the upper part. The landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure in the present invention is composed of a drainage and anti-skid structure located at the upper part of the landslide body and a retaining structure located at the lower part of the landslide body, combining the advantages of anti-skid piles, anchor cables, and retaining walls, wherein the anti-skid piles are deep into the stable strata below the sliding surface, and they are mainly through the interaction between the pile body and the surrounding rock and soil bodies. To withstand the thrust of the landslide body, the anchor cable applies prestress and transmits the tension to the stable stratum, so that the reinforced rock and soil body produces a compressive stress zone, thereby effectively limiting the deformation and displacement of the rock and soil body; the retaining wall, as a rigid structure, can exert a reaction force on the soil body. When combined with the rear anti-slide pile 5 into a whole, it can not only resist the lateral pressure of the soil body, but also withstand the thrust of the landslide body; the landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure can adapt to complex terrains such as soft soil foundation and heavy rainfall. The weathering layer on the upper part of the landslide body is reinforced and drained through the landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure, and the lateral displacement of the mountain body is further limited through the retaining structure. The prefabricated reinforced diversion ribs 3 and the prefabricated retaining wall 7 are factory prefabricated products. Combined with on-site casting construction, it can effectively improve the construction speed.

[0025] The prefabricated reinforced guide rib 3 is provided with a longitudinal guide groove 31 extending longitudinally. The prefabricated reinforced guide rib 3 is prefabricated in the factory, with a steel frame inside and concrete covering outside. The length can be spliced ​​on site according to demand. The connection part is bound with a skeleton by reserved steel bars and poured. The prefabricated reinforced guide rib provides sufficient strength support for the concrete protective layer 4 on the landslide body, reduces the deformation and cracking of the concrete protective layer 4, and can improve the construction efficiency. The guide groove is used to guide the water on the surface and inside of the landslide body, reducing the landslide phenomenon caused by excessive water content. The front crown beam 2 is provided with a transverse guide groove 21 extending laterally, and the transverse guide groove 21 is connected with the longitudinal guide groove 31, which is used to collect and discharge the water in the longitudinal guide groove 31 and the concrete protective layer 4.

[0026] The prefabricated reinforced guide ribs 3 are connected by cross beams 32, and the concrete protective layer 4 is concrete, reinforced concrete or soil nail wall, and C20 concrete can be used as concrete. The landslide body between the drainage and anti-skid structure and the retaining structure is covered with concrete, and C20 concrete can be used as concrete. After the prefabricated reinforced guide ribs 3 are arranged, the steel skeleton of the cross beams 32 and the steel bars of the concrete protective layer 4 are arranged in the transverse direction, and concrete is poured and sprayed, so that the prefabricated reinforced guide ribs 3, the cross beams 32 and the concrete protective layer 4 become a whole, thereby improving the overall anti-deformation and anti-seismic performance.

[0027] A through-going diversion hole and an anchor hole are provided in the longitudinal diversion groove 31. A diversion pipe 8 extending to the inside of the landslide body is provided in the diversion hole, and an anchor cable 9 extending to the inside of the landslide body is provided in the anchor hole. The diversion pipe 8 is used to guide the water inside the landslide body into the diversion groove. By applying prestress to the anchor cable 9, the tension is transmitted to the stable stratum, so that the reinforced rock and soil body produces a compressive stress zone, thereby effectively limiting the deformation and displacement of the rock and soil body. When the slope soil body has a downward trend, the prestressed anchor cable 9 can provide a tension in the opposite direction of the downward force to keep the slope stable.

[0028] like Figure 4Groundwater is an important factor affecting landslides, especially for areas in the south with heavy rainfall. If the internal moisture is not removed, the moisture content will be too high, which can easily cause landslides. In the present invention, the side walls of the guide tube 8 are distributed with permeable holes, and a porous ceramic column 81 is arranged inside the guide tube 8. The porous ceramic column 81 is provided with a hollow water guide channel, and multiple porous ceramic columns 81 are connected in series through a long rod 82. The guide pipe 8 is a prefabricated metal pipe fitting, which is pre-sprayed with anti-rust paint. After the prefabricated reinforced guide rib 3 is laid, a hole is drilled into the landslide body through the guide hole, and then the guide pipe 8 is buried. The end of the guide pipe 8 is fixed on the prefabricated reinforced guide rib 3, and the gap between the side wall of the guide pipe 8 and the guide hole is filled with slurry. The water inside the landslide body enters the guide pipe 8 through the penetration hole. Since the porosity of the porous ceramic column 81 is very high, the water penetrates into the water guide channel inside the porous ceramic column 81, and is finally discharged to the guide groove of the prefabricated reinforced guide rib 3. The porous ceramic column 81 is used to guide the water to be discharged, which can avoid silt clogging the guide pipe 8 and effectively extend the service life of the drainage mechanism of the guide pipe 8; a limit plate is provided at the end of the long rod 82, and the end of the porous ceramic column 81 abuts the limit plate The long rod 82 passes through the water guide channel on the surface of each porous ceramic column 81, and the other end of the long rod 82 is provided with a limit frame which is also used for limiting. The limit frame does not block the water guide channel inside the porous ceramic column 81. For example, the limit frame can be a three-pronged part with three arms, and the arms abut the porous ceramic columns 81. The intersection of the arms is connected to the long rod 82, and the limit frame is detachably connected to the long rod 82 through bolts. The limit frame abuts the porous ceramic columns 81, so that each porous ceramic column 81 is connected in series and clamped between the limit plate and the limit frame. The long rod 82 is detachably connected to the end of the guide tube 8. At every interval, the porous ceramic column 81 is extracted by disassembling the long rod 82, and the porous ceramic column 81 is cleaned, maintained or replaced to ensure the drainage performance of the guide tube 8.

[0029] like Figure 4 The anchor cable 9 includes an expansion shell anchor head 91, an anchor rod 92, a pad and a nut 93. The expansion shell anchor head 91 is provided at one end of the anchor rod 92, and a pad and a nut 93 are provided at the other end. The expansion shell anchor head 91 is embedded in the landslide body for fastening, and an anchor seat is provided outside the anchor hole. The end of the anchor rod 92 is connected to the prefabricated reinforced guide rib 3 through the pad and the nut 93. The pad abuts the anchor seat, and the end of the anchor rod 92 passes through the anchor seat and the pad and is threadedly connected to the nut 93. During the locking process, the expansion shell anchor head 91 expands and is fixed to the landslide body. The anchor cable 9 can provide a pulling force in the opposite direction of the downward force to keep the slope stable.

[0030] The front anti-slip piles 1 are arranged in two rows, and the diameter of the front anti-slip piles 1 near the top of the slope is larger than the diameter of the front anti-slip piles 1 near the bottom of the slope. Specifically, the diameter of the front anti-slip piles 1 near the top of the slope is 1.5-2.5 times the diameter of the front anti-slip piles 1 near the bottom of the slope. The length of the front anti-slip piles 1 near the top of the slope is smaller than the length of the front anti-slip piles 1 near the bottom of the slope. Preferably, the length of the front anti-slip piles 1 near the top of the slope is 0.5-0.8 times the length of the front anti-slip piles 1 near the bottom of the slope. The rear anti-slip piles 5 are arranged in two rows, and their diameters and lengths are the same. The front anti-slip piles 1 adopt a variable diameter and variable length structure. The diameter of the front anti-slip piles 1 near the top of the slope is larger, which improves its anti-bending performance. The length of the rear anti-slip piles 5 near the top of the slope is longer, and the depth of penetrating into the landslide body is deeper, which improves the anti-slip performance.

[0031] like Figure 5 and 6 The prefabricated retaining wall 7 includes a retaining wall 71, a side supporting wall 72 and a limiting wall 73. The side supporting walls 72 are located on both sides of the retaining wall 71, and the limiting wall 73 is located below the retaining wall 71 and the side supporting walls 72. The bottom of the side supporting wall 72 is supported on the rear crown beam 6, and the inner side of the limiting wall 73 abuts against the rear crown beam 6. A post-casting layer 74 covering the top surface of the rear crown beam 6 is provided between the side supporting walls 72. The prefabricated retaining wall 7 is prefabricated in the factory and is equipped with a steel frame. After the rear crown beam 6 is cast, the prefabricated retaining wall 7 is hoisted to the top of the rear crown beam 6. The bottom of the side support wall 72 is supported on the top surface of the rear crown beam 6, and the inner side of the limiting wall 73 abuts against the side surface of the rear crown beam 6, which is convenient for positioning and installation of the prefabricated retaining wall 7 and improving the construction efficiency of the retaining wall. The retaining wall 71 and the side support wall 72 have reserved steel bars, which are tied with the reserved steel bars on the top of the rear crown beam 6 to form a steel frame, and concrete is poured later to form a post-cast layer 74, which combines the prefabricated retaining wall 7 and the rear crown beam 6 into one, thereby improving construction efficiency while also having good integrity and strength.

[0032] The composite slope protection structure and construction method thereof include the following steps: leveling the site, casting the front anti-sliding pile 1 and the rear anti-sliding pile 5; casting the front crown beam 2 and the rear crown beam 6 on the top of the front anti-sliding pile 1 and the rear anti-sliding pile 5 respectively; laying the prefabricated reinforced diversion rib 3, the cross beam 32 and the concrete protective layer 4 on the section, installing the diversion pipe 8 in the diversion hole, installing the anchor cable 9 in the anchor hole, and fixing the gap between the diversion hole and the anchor hole with fillers such as concrete; hoisting the prefabricated retaining walls 7 one by one onto the top surface of the rear crown beam 6 to form a row, and the bottom of the side support wall 72 is supported on the rear crown beam 6 The top surface and the inner side of the limiting wall 73 abut the side surface of the rear crown beam 6, the reserved steel bars on the retaining wall 71 and the side support wall 72 are tied with the reserved steel bars on the top of the rear crown beam 6 to form a steel frame, and concrete is poured afterwards to form a post-cast layer 74. The post-cast layer 74 connects the prefabricated retaining wall 7 and the rear anti-slip pile 5 into one, with good integrity, and has both the anti-slip properties of the anti-slip pile and the retaining properties of the retaining wall. At the same time, the prefabricated retaining wall can also improve the construction efficiency, backfill the earth between the prefabricated retaining wall 7 and the front anti-slip pile 1, and lay concrete on the slope between the prefabricated retaining wall 7 and the front anti-slip pile 1.

[0033] The above are only some specific implementation methods of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any non-substantial changes to the present invention using this concept shall be deemed as an infringement of the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The composite slope protection and retaining structure for landslides is characterized by: The invention comprises a drainage and anti-skid structure located at the upper part of the landslide body and a retaining structure located at the lower part of the landslide body, wherein the drainage and anti-skid structure comprises a front anti-skid pile, a front crown beam and a prefabricated reinforced guide rib, wherein the front anti-skid pile penetrates into the interior of the landslide body, the front crown beam covers the top of the front anti-skid pile, the prefabricated reinforced guide rib extends downward along the surface of the landslide body, the bottom end of the prefabricated reinforced guide rib is connected to the front crown beam, the landslide body between the prefabricated reinforced guide ribs is covered with a concrete protective layer, and the retaining structure comprises a rear anti-skid pile, a rear crown beam and a prefabricated retaining wall, wherein the rear anti-skid pile penetrates into the interior of the landslide body, the rear crown beam covers the top of the rear anti-skid pile, and the prefabricated retaining wall is arranged on the rear crown beam.

2. The landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The prefabricated reinforced guide ribs are provided with longitudinal guide grooves extending longitudinally.

3. The landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The front crown beam is provided with a transverse guide groove extending laterally, and the transverse guide groove is communicated with the longitudinal guide groove.

4. The landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The prefabricated reinforced guide ribs are connected by cross beams, and the concrete protective layer is concrete, reinforced concrete or soil nail wall.

5. The landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A through flow guide hole and an anchor hole are provided in the longitudinal flow guide groove. A flow guide pipe extending to the inside of the landslide body is provided in the flow guide hole. An anchor cable extending to the inside of the landslide body is provided in the anchor hole.

6. The landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The side wall of the flow guide tube is provided with penetration holes, a porous ceramic column is arranged inside the flow guide tube, a hollow water guide channel is arranged inside the porous ceramic column, and a plurality of porous ceramic columns are connected in series through a long rod.

7. The landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The anchor cable comprises an expansion shell anchor head, an anchor rod, a pad and a nut. One end of the anchor rod is provided with an expansion shell anchor head, and the other end is provided with a pad and a nut.

8. The landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The front anti-slip piles are arranged in two rows, the diameter of the front anti-slip piles close to the top of the slope is larger than the diameter of the front anti-slip piles close to the bottom of the slope, the length of the front anti-slip piles close to the top of the slope is smaller than the length of the front anti-slip piles close to the bottom of the slope, and the rear anti-slip piles are arranged in two rows, and their diameters and lengths are the same.

9. The landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The prefabricated retaining wall includes a retaining wall, a side supporting wall and a limiting wall. The side supporting walls are located on both sides of the retaining wall, and the limiting wall is located below the retaining wall and the side supporting walls. The bottom of the side supporting wall is supported on the rear crown beam, and the inner side of the limiting wall abuts against the rear crown beam. A post-cast layer covering the top surface of the rear crown beam is provided between the side supporting walls.

10. The construction method of the landslide composite slope protection and retaining structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: leveling the site, casting the front anti-slip piles and the rear anti-slip piles; casting the front crown beam and the rear crown beam on the top of the front anti-slip piles and the rear anti-slip piles respectively; laying prefabricated reinforced diversion ribs, cross beams and concrete protective layers, installing diversion pipes in diversion holes, and installing anchor cables in anchor holes; hoisting the prefabricated retaining wall to the top surface of the rear crown beam, the bottom of the side support wall is supported on the top surface of the rear crown beam, the inner side of the limit wall abuts against the side surface of the rear crown beam, the steel bars reserved on the retaining wall and the side support wall are tied with the steel bars reserved on the top of the rear crown beam to form a steel frame, and concrete is poured post-poured to form a post-poured layer.

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