Waterproof reinforcing structure for basement of soft soil foundation and construction method of waterproof reinforcing structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a waterproof reinforcing structure for a basement of a soft soil foundation, the foundation is provided with a pile foundation, the pile end of the pile foundation is arranged on a bearing layer, the waterproof reinforcing structure comprises a waterproof layer, the waterproof layer is fixed with the surface of a supporting part, and the supporting part is fixed on the pile foundation or a bearing platform of the pile foundation; the supporting part comprises a cushion layer, a reinforcing mesh or a steel wire mesh connected with reserved reinforcing steel bars on the pile top of the pile foundation is arranged in the cushion layer, a waterproof layer is laid on the cushion layer, a protective layer is poured on the waterproof layer, and a basement bottom plate is poured on the protective layer. The waterproof structure can prevent leakage caused by separation of the bottom plate of the soft soil foundation basement and the waterproof layer. The invention further discloses another similar basement waterproof reinforcing structure and a corresponding construction method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a waterproof reinforcement structure for a basement on a soft soil foundation and also relates to a construction method for the basement waterproof reinforcement structure. Background Art

[0002] Basement waterproofing is a systematic project, which generally adopts a composite waterproofing system formed by combining the self-waterproofing of the main structure and the flexible waterproofing layer on the water-facing surface, such as a basement waterproofing structure disclosed in the publication number CN117721850A. The material constituting the above-mentioned waterproof layer is mainly waterproof coiled material, which is laid on the cushion layer, and a fine sand concrete protective layer is arranged on the top of the waterproof coiled material, and the steel bars are tied on the top of the protective layer to cast the foundation. Due to the complexity of the construction site, part of the waterproof coiled material will be punctured during the construction of the waterproof layer, and it is inevitable that one or two undiscovered holes will appear in the larger basement area. Generally speaking, one or two holes in the waterproof coiled material will not affect the waterproofing effect of the basement. The reason is that in addition to the waterproofing of the coiled material, the concrete structure of the basement floor also has a self-waterproofing effect, and the seepage cannot seep to other places. Only when cracks appear in the concrete floor and the location of the cracks appears at the coiled material hole will the basement leak. However, in soft soil layers, the basement floor is often connected to the pedestal of the end-bearing piles, and the end-bearing piles generally penetrate into the bearing layer. Therefore, the settlement of the basement floor is very small, while the soil layer below the basement may produce local unbalanced settlement, resulting in large settlement of the cushion layer and the waterproofing membrane laid on the cushion layer, causing the waterproofing membrane to peel off from the basement floor, resulting in a gap in the middle. Groundwater enters the gap from the leak in the waterproofing membrane. Due to the presence of post-cast strips and deformation joints, cracks are also difficult to avoid in the basement floor. Groundwater seeps along the gap between the waterproofing membrane and the floor, and finds the location of the cracks, resulting in complete failure of the waterproofing system and leakage in the basement. In order to solve the problem of separation of the above-mentioned waterproof layer and the floor in soft soil foundation, one waterproofing solution is the pre-laying reverse bonding process, which first lays the waterproofing membrane on the construction site, sets steel bars on the waterproofing membrane, and casts the floor. The problem is that it is difficult to carry out steel bar construction when the waterproof membrane is exposed. The numerous sharp points of the steel bar binding, the spark erosion of the steel bar welding, the falling debris, and the movement and dragging of the steel bar will all cause damage to the membrane. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above shortcomings, the object of the present invention is to provide a waterproof reinforcement structure that prevents the waterproof layer of the soft soil foundation from separating from the basement floor. The object of the present invention is also to provide a construction method for the above-mentioned basement waterproof reinforcement structure.

[0004] To this end, the present invention provides a waterproof reinforcement structure for a basement on a soft soil foundation, wherein the foundation is provided with a pile foundation, the pile end of the pile foundation is arranged on a bearing layer, and the waterproof layer is fixed to the surface of a supporting part, and the supporting part is fixed to the pile foundation or a pedestal of the pile foundation; the supporting part includes a cushion layer, and the cushion layer is provided with a steel mesh or a wire mesh connected to the reserved steel bars at the top of the pile foundation, a waterproof layer is laid above the cushion layer, a protective layer is cast above the waterproof layer, and a basement floor is cast above the protective layer.

[0005] Furthermore, the steel mesh or wire mesh is connected to the annular reinforcement, and the annular reinforcement is fixed to the reserved steel bars through ribs.

[0006] Furthermore, the pile foundation is a reinforced screw pile, the top of the reinforced screw pile is provided with a groove, reserved steel bars are provided in the groove, the annular reinforcement is provided on the outside of the outer wall of the pile foundation, the cushion layer is cast until it is flush with the outer wall of the pile foundation, and the groove is cast together with the cap or base plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the cushion layer and the pile top are provided with waterproof coiled materials, which extend into the grooves. The pile foundations are arranged in a square shape on a plane, and short piles are provided in the center of the square-arranged pile foundations. The short piles are screw piles.

[0008] The present invention provides a waterproof reinforcement structure for a basement on a soft soil foundation, wherein the foundation is provided with a pile foundation, the pile end of the pile foundation is arranged on a bearing layer, and the waterproof layer is fixed to the surface of a supporting part, and the supporting part is fixed to the pile foundation or a cap of the pile foundation; the waterproof layer also includes a cushion layer and a ground beam, the ground beam is fixed on the pile foundation, the ground beam includes a step surface, the upper surface of the cushion layer is cast to the bottom of the step surface, the waterproof layer is pre-laid above the cushion layer, the supporting part is a bottom plate, and the bottom plate is cast above the waterproof layer.

[0009] Furthermore, after the waterproof layer is pre-laid, a steel plate is laid on the step surface of the adjacent ground beams to separate the waterproof layer, and the steel plate is removed before pouring the bottom slab concrete.

[0010] Further, the following steps are included:

[0011] S1: Cast the "convex" shaped ground beam, with adjacent ground beams parallel, and cast the concrete cushion layer, with the upper surface of the cushion layer lower than the surface of the step surface;

[0012] S2: Pre-lay waterproof membrane on top of the cushion layer;

[0013] S3: Lay a steel plate on top of the waterproofing membrane, leaving a gap between the steel plate and the waterproofing membrane, and install the two ends of the steel plate on the step surfaces of the adjacent ground beams;

[0014] S4: Carry out the bottom plate reinforcement construction, and the bottom plate reinforcement is erected on the ground beam;

[0015] S5: Pull out the steel plate from the step surface and pour the basement floor.

[0016] Furthermore, rollers cooperating with the ground beams are installed on the steel plates.

[0017] Furthermore, the roller cooperates with the step surface and side surface of the ground beam, a gap is set between the steel plate and the ground beam, a baffle is set on the side adjacent to the steel plate and the gap, the gap is filled with cement powder, a shielding layer is covered above the cement powder, and adjacent steel plates are detachably connected.

[0018] Or a channel steel embedded part is embedded above the step surface of the ground beam, the exposed part of the embedded part is T-shaped, the roller cooperates with the embedded part, and the waterproof coiled material extends upward along the ground beam surface to the bottom of the embedded part.

[0019] Beneficial technical effects of the present invention:

[0020] The present invention provides a waterproof reinforcement structure for a basement on a soft soil foundation. The waterproof layer is fixed to the bottom plate or settled at the same speed as the bottom plate to avoid separation of the waterproof layer and the bottom plate to form a gap. One method is to add a steel mesh or reinforcement in the cushion layer, and fix the reinforcement to the reserved steel bars on the top of the pile foundation. After pouring, the settlement of the cushion layer is basically consistent with the settlement of the pile foundation. The settlement of the bottom plate connected to the cap is also basically consistent with the settlement of the pile foundation, so that the settlement of the bottom plate and the cushion layer is basically the same to avoid the formation of a gap between the two. Another method is to pre-lay the waterproof layer and pour it together with the bottom plate, and by setting strip The foundation is the ground beam, which is shaped like a "convex" character. The cushion layer and the waterproof layer are set above the step surface. Steel plates are laid on the step surface for isolation. Rebars are constructed above the steel plates, and personnel can tie and weld the steel plates. The steel bars are placed above the ground beam, and a certain interval is set between the steel plates and the steel bars. After the construction is completed, the steel plates are moved out horizontally. After the steel plates are moved out, the side formwork is fixed in place, and the concrete of the bottom plate is poured as soon as possible, so that the waterproof layer is connected and fixed to the lower surface of the bottom plate, avoiding the problem of damage to the waterproof layer caused by steel bar construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the arrangement of the pile foundation, cushion layer and waterproof layer in Example 1;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a partial schematic diagram of the steel wire mesh and pile foundation in Example 1;

[0023] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the ground beam, pile foundation and bottom plate in Example 2;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a top view of pile foundation and ground beam;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional diagram of the waterproof layer and steel plate layout;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between adjacent steel plates;

[0027] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the steel plates;

[0028] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a roller;

[0029] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of embedded parts and waterproof layer.

[0030] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. pile foundation; 101. reserved steel bars; 102. groove; 2. cushion layer; 3. steel mesh; 4. waterproof layer; 5. ring formwork; 6. ring bars; 7. ribs; 8. waterproof membrane; 9. ground beam; 901. step surface; 10. short pile; 11. steel plate; 111. roller; 12. plain concrete layer; 13. gap; 14. baffle; 15. embedded parts; 16. cleaning assembly; 17. bottom plate; 171. bottom plate steel bars. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the specific implementation mode, structure, characteristics and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in combination with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, Example 1 of a waterproof reinforcement structure for a basement on a soft soil foundation of the present invention is shown. Example 1 avoids the separation of the basement floor and the waterproof layer 4 to form a gap by making the settlement speeds of the waterproof layer 4 and the basement floor close or the same. Specifically, it includes a pile foundation 1, the pile end of the pile foundation 1 is arranged on the bearing layer, the basement is provided with a waterproof layer 4, the waterproof layer 4 is fixed to the surface of a support part, and the support part is fixed to the pile foundation 1 or the pedestal of the pile foundation 1; the support part includes a cushion layer 2, and the cushion layer 2 is provided with a steel mesh 3 or a steel wire mesh connected to the reserved steel bars 101 on the pile top of the pile foundation 1, the waterproof layer 4 is laid on the cushion layer 2, the protective layer is cast on the waterproof layer 4, and the basement floor is cast on the protective layer. Refer to Figure 1As shown, a reserved steel bar 101 is provided on the top of the pile foundation 1, and a steel mesh 3 or a wire mesh is fixed to the reserved steel bar 101. An annular formwork 5 is arranged on the outside of the reserved steel bar 101 to cast a cushion layer 2. The outer wall of the annular formwork 5 is aligned with the outer wall of the pile foundation 1. After the cushion layer 2 is cast, a waterproof layer 4 is laid on the surface of the cushion layer 2. The main material of the waterproof layer 4 is a waterproof membrane. A formwork is set to cast a fine sand concrete protective layer above the waterproof membrane. The protective layer is aligned with the outer wall of the pile foundation 1. After the protective layer is cast, the formwork is removed, and a bottom plate steel bar is arranged above the protective layer, and the reserved steel bar 101 on the top of the pile foundation 1 is cast together with the bottom plate.

[0033] In the above embodiment 1, referring to Figure 1 As shown, the pile foundation 1 is a reinforced cast-in-place screw pile, with a straight column section at the top and a screw section at the bottom. After a threaded hole is formed by a spiral drill, concrete is pumped into the borehole while the drill rod is reversed. Existing technologies are used for hole formation and concrete pumping, which will not be described in detail here. After the hole is lifted, a steel cage is placed vertically into the middle of the concrete by means of a crane or other equipment. After the concrete solidifies, a screw pile is formed. A columnar steel box is provided at the top of the pile of the steel cage, and reserved steel bars 101 are provided in the steel box. After the steel cage is placed in the concrete, the steel box separates the reserved steel bars 101 from the concrete at the top of the pile. After the pile foundation 1 is formed, a pile cutter is used to cut the top of the pile to remove the concrete at the top of the pile containing the loose soil. At the same time, the steel box can be removed together to form a pile foundation 1 as shown in the figure. Figure 1 The groove 102 is shown. Figure 2 As shown, before pouring the cushion layer 2, a steel mesh 3 or a steel wire mesh is set, and the annular reinforcement 6 is set first. The annular reinforcement 6 is connected to the rib 7. The rib 7 passes through the set annular formwork 5 and is welded and fixed to the reserved steel bar 101. The end of the steel mesh 3 or the steel wire mesh is bent and overlapped or welded or tied to the annular reinforcement 6. The cushion layer 2 and the protective layer here are generally poured to the outer wall of the pile body to avoid shrinkage of the pile body. A waterproof membrane is laid on top of the cushion layer 2 as a waterproof layer 4. The pedestal and the pile top groove 102 are cast together. The waterproofing of the joints between the pile foundation 1 and the pedestal, the bottom plate or the pedestal can be set according to the existing technology, including a water stop plate, a waterproof membrane, etc. arranged at the joint, refer to Figure 1 As shown, waterproofing coiled material 8 is arranged in the pile top and cushion layer 2, and the waterproofing coiled material 8 extends into the groove 102 below the ring reinforcement 6 to prevent groundwater from seeping in from the joints between the cushion layer 2 and the pile top, and between the pile foundation 1 and the cap. Usually, the basement floor is cast on the cap, but in the case of setting a strip foundation, the cap may not be arranged.

[0034] In the above embodiment 1, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the pile foundation 1 is arranged in a square shape on a plane, and a short pile 10 is arranged in the center of the square pile foundation 1. The short pile 10 is an ordinary semi-squeezed soil screw pile, which is formed by existing technology, specifically, after the screw drill drills a hole and pumps in concrete and solidifies, it is formed. The function of the short pile 10 is to provide support for the middle part of the cushion layer 2, and together with the steel mesh 3 or wire mesh structure in the cushion layer 2, it plays a supporting role to reduce the local uneven settlement in the middle part of the cushion layer 2 and avoid the waterproof layer 4 from separating from the bottom plate.

[0035] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the embodiment 2 of the present invention is basically the same as the embodiment 1, except that in the embodiment 2, the waterproof layer 4 is pre-laid and glued on the bottom plate 17, the bottom plate 17 serves as the supporting part of the waterproof layer 4, and no protective layer is set above the waterproof layer 4. The cushion layer 2 can still adopt the structure of reinforcement in the embodiment 1 and fixed with the reserved steel bar 101 skeleton of the pile foundation 1. In the embodiment 2, the foundation is provided with a pile foundation 1, the pile end of the pile foundation 1 is arranged on the bearing layer, and the basement floor 17 is fixed on the pile foundation 1 or the pedestal of the pile foundation 1; it also includes a cushion layer 2 and a ground beam 9, the ground beam 9 is fixed on the pile foundation 1, the ground beam 9 includes a step surface 901, the upper surface of the cushion layer 2 is cast to the bottom of the step surface 901, and the waterproof layer 4 is pre-laid above the cushion layer 2. The step surface 901 is mainly used to lay the steel plate 11 on the step surface 901 of the adjacent ground beam 9 after the waterproof layer 4 is pre-laid, and to prevent the waterproof layer 4 from being damaged during the construction of the bottom plate steel bar 171. The joint between the ground beam 9 and the cushion layer 2 can be as follows Figure 3 For example, a layer of plain concrete 12 is first poured on the soil below the joint, and a waterproof membrane 8 is laid at the joint to prevent water seepage in the joint. The waterproof membrane 8 can also be laid as a whole under the ground beam 9 as another waterproof layer 4, and a water stop plate can also be set on the joint. In other embodiments, the cushion layer 2 can also be poured as a whole with the ground beam 9.

[0036] The present invention also includes a construction method for the basement waterproof reinforcement structure of the above-mentioned embodiment 2, which mainly includes the following steps:

[0037] S1: Casting of "convex" shaped ground beams 9, adjacent ground beams 9 are parallel, casting of concrete cushion layer 2, the upper surface of cushion layer 2 is lower than the surface of step surface 901; Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the ground beam 9 is cast together with the pile top, and the adjacent ground beams 9 are parallel. During casting, the ground beam 9 can be cast first, or the cushion layer 2 can be cast first, or the ground beam 9 and the cushion layer 2 can be cast together.

[0038] S2: Reference Figure 5 As shown, a waterproof roll is pre-laid on the cushion layer 2 as a waterproof layer 4, and the upper surface of the waterproof layer is also lower than the step surface 901;

[0039] S3: Lay a steel plate 11 on top of the waterproof coiled material, reserve a gap between the steel plate 11 and the waterproof coiled material, and install two ends of the steel plate 11 on the step surface 901 of the adjacent ground beam 9 respectively;

[0040] S4: Perform bottom plate reinforcement construction, and the bottom plate reinforcement 171 is installed on the ground beam 9;

[0041] S5: The steel plate 11 is pulled out from the step surface 901 , and the basement floor 17 is poured upward from the waterproof layer 4 , and the floor 17 and the waterproof layer 4 are poured together.

[0042] In the above construction method, before step S1, the ground is leveled and a plain concrete layer 12 is poured. Step S1 also includes setting the steel bars of the ground beam 9, setting the water-stopping structure of the joints and the formwork engineering. In step S3, refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the steel plates 11 are closely laid, and adjacent steel plates 11 can be connected in a detachable manner, such as Figure 7 The rod and the hook are matched in the manner shown and in the prior art, such as snap connection, bolt connection, etc.

[0043] In the above construction method, in step S5, after the reinforcement construction is completed, the steel plate 11 needs to be removed from the step surface 901, and at this time, the bottom plate reinforcement 171 has been laid out. Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, a roller 111 is installed on the steel plate 11 to cooperate with the ground beam 9. The roller cooperates with the step surface 901 and the side of the ground beam 9. After the reinforcement construction is completed, the steel plate 11 is pulled out by a winch or construction machinery. Generally speaking, the side of the steel plate 11 is easy to rub against the ground beam 9, making it difficult to pull out or causing the concrete of the ground beam 9 to be damaged, especially the accuracy of the size of the ground beam 9 has a certain error, which may be caused by the construction of the formwork engineering and the pouring of concrete. In this embodiment, a larger gap 13 is set between the side of the steel plate 11 and the ground beam 9, generally several centimeters. A baffle 14 (or baffle bar) is arranged on one side of the steel plate 11 adjacent to the reserved gap 13. The function of the baffle 14 is to prevent debris from entering the top of the waterproof layer 4. The gap 13 is filled with cement powder, and the top of the cement powder is covered with a shielding layer, which can generally be a film. The cement powder filling and the shielding layer are used to prevent sparks, welding slag and other debris from entering the gap 13 during the steel bar construction, and the cement powder can be mixed during the concrete pouring without affecting the quality of the base plate.

[0044] In the above construction method, refer to Fig. 9As shown, another method is to embed a channel steel embedded part 15 above the step surface 901 of the ground beam 9, the exposed part of the embedded part 15 is T-shaped, the embedded part 15 serves as a roller track, and the roller cooperates with the embedded part 15. In this embodiment, the waterproof coil of the waterproof layer 4 can be extended upward along the surface of the ground beam 9 to the bottom of the embedded part 15, and the gap 13 can be avoided. The embedded part 15 can be made of I-beam, which has the function of a water stop plate after being cast in the bottom plate 17. In addition, a cleaning component 16, such as a rubber plate, a sweeping roller, etc., is set at a position where part of the steel plate 11 is opposite to the embedded part 15, and the steel plate 11 is pulled out to clean the track. The embedded component is cast in the bottom plate.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technical personnel in this field can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waterproof reinforcement structure for a soft soil basement, wherein the foundation is provided with a pile foundation, and the pile end of the pile foundation is arranged in the bearing layer, characterized in that: It includes a waterproof layer, the waterproof layer is fixed to the surface of the support part, and the support part is fixed to the pile foundation or the cap of the pile foundation; The support part includes a cushion layer, in which a steel mesh or a wire mesh connected to the reserved steel bars at the top of the pile foundation is provided, a waterproof layer is laid on the cushion layer, a protective layer is poured on the waterproof layer, and a basement floor is poured on the protective layer.

2. The waterproof reinforcement structure for a soft soil basement according to claim 1 is characterized by: The steel mesh or wire mesh is connected to the ring reinforcement, and the ring reinforcement is fixed on the reserved steel bars through ribs.

3. The waterproof reinforcement structure for a soft soil basement according to claim 2 is characterized by: The pile foundation is a reinforced screw pile, the top of the reinforced screw pile is provided with a groove, reserved steel bars are arranged in the groove, the annular reinforcement is arranged on the outside of the outer wall of the pile foundation, the cushion layer is cast until it is flush with the outer wall of the pile foundation, and the groove is cast together with the cap or base plate.

4. The waterproof reinforcement structure for a soft soil basement according to claim 3 is characterized by: Waterproof coiled materials are arranged in the cushion layer and the pile tops of the pile foundation, and the waterproof coiled materials extend into the grooves. The pile foundation is arranged in a square shape on a plane, and a short pile is arranged in the center of the square-arranged pile foundation, and the short pile is a screw pile.

5. A waterproof reinforcement structure for a soft soil basement, wherein the foundation is provided with a pile foundation, and the pile end of the pile foundation is arranged in the bearing layer, characterized in that: It includes a waterproof layer, the waterproof layer is fixed to the surface of the support part, and the support part is fixed to the pile foundation or the cap of the pile foundation; It also includes a cushion layer and a ground beam, wherein the ground beam is fixed on a pile foundation, the ground beam includes a step surface, the upper surface of the cushion layer is cast below the step surface, the waterproof layer is pre-laid above the cushion layer, and the supporting part is a bottom plate, which is cast above the waterproof layer.

6. A construction method for a basement waterproof reinforcement structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: After the waterproof layer is pre-laid, a steel plate is laid on the step surface of the adjacent ground beams to separate the waterproof layer, and the steel plate is removed before pouring the bottom slab concrete.

7. The construction method of a basement waterproof reinforcement structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Cast "convex" shaped ground beams, with adjacent ground beams parallel, and cast concrete cushion layer, with the upper surface of the cushion layer lower than the surface of the step surface; S2: Pre-lay waterproof membrane on top of the cushion layer; S3: Lay a steel plate on top of the waterproofing membrane, leaving a gap between the steel plate and the waterproofing membrane, and install the two ends of the steel plate on the step surfaces of the adjacent ground beams; S4: Carry out the bottom plate reinforcement construction, and the bottom plate reinforcement is erected on the ground beam; S5: Remove the steel plate and pour the basement slab.

8. The construction method of a basement waterproof reinforcement structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The steel plate is provided with rollers matched with the ground beam.

9. The construction method of a basement waterproof reinforcement structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The roller cooperates with the step surface and the side surface of the ground beam, a gap is set between the steel plate and the ground beam, a baffle is set on the side adjacent to the steel plate and the gap, the gap is filled with cement powder, and a shielding layer is covered above the cement powder.

10. The construction method of a basement waterproof reinforcement structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: A channel steel embedded part is embedded above the step surface of the ground beam, the exposed part of the embedded part is T-shaped, the roller cooperates with the embedded part, and the waterproof coiled material extends upward along the surface of the ground beam to the bottom of the embedded part.

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