Vibration control method for target object lifting construction

Abstract

The invention discloses a vibration control method for lifting construction of a target object, and the method comprises the steps: measuring the height of the target object at any moment, determining the mass of a damping box body, and determining the optimal frequency ratio and the optimal damping ratio of a TMD and a bearing structure based on the mass of the damping box body, the TMD comprises the damping box body and a lifting device used for lifting the damping box body, the bearing structure comprises a lifting target object and a distance measuring device for measuring the height of the target object, the suspension length of the damping box body is determined based on the height of the target object under the condition that the optimal frequency ratio and the optimal damping ratio serve as constraint conditions, and the damping box body is lifted according to the suspension length, so that the damping box body is lifted at the moment t; the suspension length of the damping box body is matched with the height of the target object so as to eliminate or weaken the vibration influence. In the construction process of lifting the target object, vibration, caused by wind loads, of the target object can be eliminated or weakened, and the construction safety is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of construction vibration control devices, in particular to a vibration control device for target object lifting construction. Background Art

[0002] In many engineering construction projects, especially in building construction, overall lifting construction technology is often used to lift the target object and complete the installation, thereby realizing the construction and installation of complex steel structures such as large space roofs, super high-rise steel corridors and long-span bridges. Figure 1 , Figure 1 The following is a schematic diagram of target lifting in three different actual construction application scenarios, wherein the target is generally a grid or a truss structure.

[0003] By lifting the target object to achieve construction, the target object can be assembled on the ground or at low altitude (within a small preset distance from the ground or the working platform) in advance, thereby avoiding the need to assemble the target object at high altitude (such as a high floor), thereby reducing the risk of high-altitude operations and improving construction safety and assembly accuracy. The assembled target object can be the general framework of the assembled target object instead of all its components, or all its components can be assembled in advance. After the target object is assembled, the target object is lifted to the target height by a lifting device, thereby delivering the target object to the designated location for installation.

[0004] At present, when a hoist is used to lift a target object, it is generally adopted that the hoist is connected to the target object through a rope (such as a steel strand), and the target object is continuously lifted by winding the rope. With such a lifting device and lifting method, since the entire structure (the structure composed of the hoist, the rope and the target object) is similar to a simple pendulum, the structure is easily affected by the wind load, which causes the structure to vibrate and cause hidden safety hazards in construction. In particular, when there is a sudden change in wind speed or the wind force exceeds expectations (referring to excessive wind force), the structure may shake violently, thereby threatening construction safety. At present, for the use of such a structure, it is generally required to carry out lifting construction in an environment with a wind force of less than level 6. However, even in such a small wind environment, if the lifting construction is carried out for a long time, it may still encounter sudden strong winds during the construction process, thereby increasing the uncertainty of construction and forming a safety hazard.

[0005] In order to eliminate or reduce the vibration of the structure, the prior art generally adopts a tuned mass damper (TMD) to achieve this. The tuned mass damper is a vibration control device that is often used to slow down the vibration of the structure. Its working principle is mainly to absorb and offset the vibration energy of the structure through the interaction of the mass block, spring and damping system, so as to achieve the purpose of eliminating or reducing the vibration. Then, during the lifting construction process of the target object, the target object gradually rises at any time, and the length of the rope used to lift the target object changes, thereby changing the natural frequency of the structure. In addition, generally, the higher the distance from the ground, the greater the wind speed, that is, the wind speed at high altitude is generally greater than the wind speed on the ground. Therefore, as the height of the target object increases, the probability of the structure encountering wind loads is also greater, and the probability of encountering large wind loads is also greater, and the natural frequency of the structure gradually increases, that is, the higher the target object is lifted to, the greater the natural frequency of the structure. The change in the natural frequency will lead to a decrease in the effect of eliminating or reducing the vibration of the structure using the traditional TMD, and the effect of the tuned mass damper on eliminating or reducing the vibration will be lower. Therefore, relying solely on the frequency tuning of the traditional TMD to achieve it is often limited.

[0006] In summary, a related device and / or method is desired that can realize vibration control for target object lifting construction, so as to adaptively adjust and control vibration according to changes in the height position of the target object, so as to eliminate or weaken the vibration caused by external interference during the lifting process of the target object, thereby improving construction safety. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a vibration control method for target object lifting construction, which can solve the problems described in the background technology.

[0008] The technical solution to achieve the purpose of the present invention is: a vibration control method for target lifting construction, applied to a vibration control device, the vibration control device includes a lifter, a distance measuring device, a suspension cable, a lifter and a damping box, the lifter is connected to the target through the suspension cable, the lifter is used to lift the target, the distance measuring device is used to measure the distance between the target and the lifter, The lifting device is installed on the target object, the lifting device is connected to the damping box, the lifting device and the damping box form a TMD, and the lifting device is used to lift the damping box to control the distance between the damping box and the target object. The vibration control method comprises a first step: The first step: measure the height of the target at any time and determine the mass of the damping box. The optimal frequency ratio and the optimal damping ratio of the TMD and the bearing structure are determined based on the mass of the damping box, the TMD includes the damping box and a lifting device for lifting the damping box, and the bearing structure includes a distance measuring device for lifting a target and measuring the height of the target. Under the constraints of the optimal frequency ratio and the optimal damping ratio, the suspension length of the damping box is determined based on the height of the target object. According to the suspension length, the damping box is lifted so that at time t, the suspension length of the damping box matches the height of the target object to eliminate or reduce the vibration effect.

[0009] Furthermore, the specific implementation process of the first step includes the following schemes: Step 1: Determine the total mass M of the target object and the lifting device carried on the target object, determine the mass m of the damping box, and determine the target height L that the target object needs to be lifted; Step 2: Based on the mass m of the damping box, calculate the optimal frequency ratio according to formula ① and formula ② respectively: The optimal damping ratio of TMD , optimal frequency ratio is the ratio between the frequency of the TMD and the frequency of the bearing structure. The TMD includes the lifting device and the damping box. The bearing structure refers to the structure used to bear the TMD. Formula ① and formula ② are as follows: ------① ------② In the formula, g represents the acceleration due to gravity, represents the coefficient; Step 3: Adjust the damping of the damping box to the target damping coefficient , so that at the target damping coefficient Under this condition, the TMD damping ratio reaches the optimal damping ratio. ; Step 4: Measure the height of the target at the current time t ; Step 5: Based on the optimal frequency ratio Calculate the optimal frequency of TMD based on the height Determine the suspension length of the lifting cable , Among them, the optimal frequency at the current time t is According to formula ③, the suspension length at the current time t is According to formula ④, we can get: ------③ ------④ In the formula, the distance between the target object and the distance measuring device at the current time t is .

[0010] Furthermore, after step 5, the method further includes: Step 6: Lift the target object to the target height L. After the target object reaches the target height L, proceed with subsequent construction.

[0011] Furthermore, in step 6, the subsequent construction includes taking out the embedded parts in the damping box for assembly construction, and installing the target object on the building body. An open cavity is arranged on the target object, and the patching component is installed in the open cavity.

[0012] Further, in step 1, based on the total mass M, the mass m of the damping box is determined.

[0013] Further, , .

[0014] Furthermore, the optimal frequency ratio It is the ratio between the frequency of the TMD and the frequency of the bearing structure. The TMD includes a lifting device and a damping box. The bearing structure includes a ranging device, a lifting device, a suspension cable and a target.

[0015] Further, in step 3, according to the mass m of the damping box and the optimal damping ratio Determine the size of the damping box, the density of the blocks, and the mass of the liquid to be injected into the annular cavity, and adjust the damping of the damping box to the target damping coefficient by the density of the blocks, the amount of liquid injected, and the mass of the patching parts. , The target object is also provided with an annular cavity, and the block is located in the annular cavity.

[0016] Furthermore, the specific implementation of step 4 includes the following steps: The distance d between the target object and the distance measuring device is measured. The distance between the target object and the distance measuring device at the current time t is , then the height of the target at the current time t .

[0017] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The vibration control method formed by executing the above steps can eliminate or weaken the vibration caused by the wind load on the target object during the construction process of lifting the target object, reduce the risk of instability or damage to various structures including the target object, and improve the safety of construction. Compared with traditional construction, it can reduce the strict requirements of the construction team's external environmental conditions (such as wind force), can carry out construction under a wider range of environmental conditions, reduce shutdowns or delays caused by severe weather including strong winds, thereby shortening the overall construction period and improving construction efficiency. The vibration control method can also be applied to the overall lifting construction of various large-span steel structures, super high-rise buildings and bridges, and can be widely used in different types of complex steel structure construction projects, and has a wide range of promotion and application value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of target lifting including three different actual construction application scenarios; Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a vibration control device; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a damping box in a vibration control device; Figure 4 It is the block distribution diagram of the damping box; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a lifting device in a vibration control device; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of some components of the lifting device; Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of another part of the lifting device; Figure 8 is a flow chart of a vibration control method; In the figure, 1-lifter, 2-suspension cable, 3-target, 4-lifting device, 401-driver, 402-controller, 403-first gear, 404-winch drum, 405-second gear, 406-bearing base, 407-lifting cable, 408-self-locking component, 4081-self-locking gear, 4082-self-locking pin, 4083-pin bearing, 4084-block column, 4085-self-locking spring, 409-base plate, 5-damping box, 501-inner box, 502-block, 503-injection port, 6-distance measuring device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: like Figure 2-Figure 7As shown, this embodiment provides a vibration control device for lifting construction of a target object 3, including a hoist 1, a distance measuring device 6, a suspension cable 2, a hoist 4 and a damping box 5. The hoist 1 is connected to the target object 3 through the suspension cable 2, and the hoist 1 is used to lift the target object 3. The distance measuring device 6 is installed on the hoist 1 or beside the hoist 1, and the distance measuring device 6 is used to measure the distance between the target object 3 and the hoist 1, and the distance is recorded as the first distance.

[0020] Exemplarily, the output end of the lifter 1 is connected to one end of the suspension cable 2, and the other end of the suspension cable 2 is connected to the target object 3. The output end of the lifter 1 controls the lifting and lowering of the target object 3 by winding up or suspending the cable 2, thereby achieving the effect of lifting the target object 3 or lowering the target object 3.

[0021] The lifting device 1 controls the lifting of the target object 3, which is an existing technology. Its main principle is to lift the target object 3 by repeatedly pulling up the suspension cable 2, which is similar to two hands lifting an object through a cable. The two hands repeatedly and alternately loosen and tighten the suspension cable 2 to lift or lower the target object 3. Therefore, the specific implementation process of the lifter lifting the target object 3 will not be repeated here.

[0022] The first distance is the distance between the lifter 1 and the end surface of the target object 3 close to the lifter 1, and the end surface of the target object 3 close to the lifter 1 is the upper end surface of the target object 3. Since the distance measuring device 6 is installed on the lifter 1 or beside the lifter 1, the lifter 1 and the distance measuring device 6 are considered to be at the same position, and therefore, the distance between the lifter 1 and the target object 3 is also the distance between the distance measuring device 6 and the target object 3.

[0023] In the process of lifting the target object 3, the height position of the lifter 1 remains unchanged, that is, the height of the lifter 1 always remains unchanged. When the target object 3 is in the initial position, for example, the target object 3 is placed on the ground or at a height within a preset distance range from the ground as the initial position, the first distance is the largest, that is, the distance between the lifter 1 and the target object 3 is the largest. As the target object 3 is continuously lifted and its height increases, the first distance gradually decreases, that is, the lifter 1 repeatedly pulls up the suspension cable 2, thereby continuously shortening the distance between the target object 3 and the lifter 1, so that the first distance is continuously reduced. Conversely, by lowering the suspension cable 2, the target object 3 can be continuously lowered, and the height of the target object 3 is continuously reduced.

[0024] Exemplarily, the distance measuring device 6 is a laser sensor, and the distance between the target object 3 and the lifter 1 can be measured using the laser distance measuring principle.

[0025] Exemplarily, it includes a plurality of lifters 1, each lifter 1 is equipped with a corresponding distance measuring device 6 on or beside, each lifter 1 is connected to a corresponding suspension cable 2 and a target 3, and each lifter 1 is arranged at intervals and at the same height, that is, on the same horizontal plane at a certain height, so that the target 3 suspended by the suspension cable 2 is in a horizontal state, avoiding the target 3 from tilting. Of course, if the target 3 is allowed to tilt in actual application, each lifter 1 can be at different heights.

[0026] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 The diagram shows four lifters 1 , the four lifters 1 correspond to four suspension cables 2 , each lifter 1 corresponds to one suspension cable 2 , the four lifters 1 are at the same height, and a distance measuring device 6 is installed on each lifter 1 .

[0027] Exemplarily, when the target object 3 is a rectangular structure, the four suspension cables 2 corresponding to the four lifters 1 are respectively connected to the four corners of the target object 3 .

[0028] Exemplarily, the lifter 1 is a hydraulic lifter 1. Of course, in actual use, other types of lifters 1 may also be used, as long as they have a lifting function capable of lifting the target object 3.

[0029] The lifting device 4 is installed on the target object 3 , and the lifting device 4 is connected to the damping box 5 . The lifting device 4 is used to lift and lower the damping box 5 to adjust the distance between the damping box 5 and the target object 3 .

[0030] Exemplarily, the lifting device 4 realizes the distance between the damping box 5 and the target object 3 by adjusting the damping box 5 to move between the first position and the second position.

[0031] First position: the damping box 5 is located outside the side of the target object 3 away from the lifter 1 .

[0032] Second position: the damping box 5 is in contact with the end surface of the target object 3 away from the side where the lifter 1 is located, or extends into the cavity of the target object 3 .

[0033] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 The damping box 5 is located on the outer side of the target object 3 away from the side end of the lifter 1.

[0034] Exemplarily, there are multiple lifting devices 4, each of which is installed on the target object 3 at intervals. Each of the lifting devices 4 is connected to a different position of the damping box 5, and each of the lifting devices 4 together lifts and lowers the damping box 5, thereby adjusting the distance between the damping box 5 and the target object 3. Figure 2Schematically shown are four lifting devices 4, which are arranged in a rectangular shape. The four lifting devices 4 are respectively connected to the four corners of the damping box 5, and the damping box 5 is also a rectangular structure.

[0035] Exemplarily, an open cavity is provided on the target object 3, and the open cavity is provided with an opening, and the size of the opening and the open cavity is larger than the damping box 5, so that the damping box 5 can pass through the opening and enter the open cavity. When the target object 3 is a grid or a truss, some components of the grid or truss (such as a plurality of connecting beams) may not be installed and connected first, so as to form an open cavity with a larger space inside the grid or truss, and the space volume of the open cavity is sufficient to accommodate the damping box 5 and the components that have not been installed at the same time.

[0036] Exemplarily, the damping box 5 includes an inner box 501 and an outer box (not shown in the figure), the inner box 501 and the outer box each include a cavity with an opening, the inner box 501 is located in the cavity of the outer box, an annular cavity is formed between the inner box 501 and the outer box, a plurality of blocks 502 are distributed in the annular cavity, and the blocks 502 are distributed along the extension direction of the annular cavity. The lifting device 4 and the damping box 5 constitute a TMD, and the damping box 5 includes an inner box 501, an outer box, and liquid and blocks 502 in the annular cavity.

[0037] Exemplarily, the inner box 501 and the outer box are both rectangular, and both include an open cavity, and the inner box 501 is embedded and installed in the cavity of the outer box through the opening of the outer box. The damping box 5 formed by assembling the inner box 501 and the outer box together includes an open cavity, which can be used to place objects, for example, for placing patch parts, which can be the original parts of the target object 3 in the space reserved to accommodate the damping box 5, or other components of the target object 3, or other related parts required for construction. When the inner box 501 is located in the cavity of the outer box, the upper ends of the inner box 501 and the outer box are flush, and the lower end of the inner box 501 is in contact with the inner bottom wall surface of the outer box, or the lower end of the inner box 501 is spaced from the inner bottom wall surface of the outer box. The four circumferential sides of the inner box 501 are spaced from the outer box, and / or the bottom of the inner box 501 is spaced from the outer box, so as to form a space, which forms the annular cavity. That is to say, the inner box 501 can be spaced from the outer box only at the bottom, or only at the four sides of the inner box 501 are spaced from the outer box, or both at the bottom and four sides of the inner box 501 are spaced from the outer box. The block 502 can be directly fixed or detachably mounted on the outer wall surface of the inner box 501, or mounted on the inner wall surface of the outer box. Among all the blocks 502, there is a gap between at least a part of the blocks 502, so that the liquid (such as pure water) injected into the annular cavity can flow through the gap, and then reach all positions or specified partial positions of the annular cavity.

[0038] Exemplarily, the damping box 5 is also provided with a plurality of injection ports 503 and a plurality of discharge ports (not shown in the figure), both of which are connected to the annular cavity, and liquid can be injected into the annular cavity through the injection ports 503, and liquid in the annular cavity can be discharged through the discharge ports.

[0039] Exemplarily, each block 502 is regularly or irregularly distributed in the annular cavity, for example, each block 502 is distributed in the annular cavity in an array manner, and for another example, each block 502 is distributed in the annular cavity at non-equidistant intervals. The distribution density of blocks 502 in each area of ​​the annular cavity can be the same or different, so as to form a sparse distribution of blocks 502 with different sparseness, or a sparse distribution of blocks 502 with the same sparseness. The best effect is that each block 502 is staggered and evenly distributed, for example, in a matrix array distribution.

[0040] Exemplarily, the structural shape of the block 502 is a regular geometric structure or an irregular geometric structure. For example, the block 502 is a rectangular structure or an irregular curve structure.

[0041] The sparseness and shape of the blocks 502 affect the damping value of the damping box 5. When the sparseness of the blocks 502 is more densely distributed, that is, the greater the arrangement density of the blocks 502, the greater the damping of the damping box 5. In addition, the liquid injected into the annular cavity also affects the damping value of the damping box 5. The greater the viscosity of the liquid in the annular cavity, the greater the damping of the damping box 5.

[0042] Exemplarily, the size of the block 502 needs to be appropriate, where the size of the block 502 refers to the size of a single block 502. According to actual tests, the size of the block 502 is related to the size of the damping box 5. The maximum size of the block 502 is not greater than 1 / 4 of the smallest of the length and width of the damping box 5. The minimum size of the block 502 is not less than 1 / 20 of the largest of the length and width of the damping box 5.

[0043] Exemplarily, the amount of liquid injected into the annular cavity is less than or equal to 1 / 2 of the height of the damping box 5, that is, the water level of the liquid injected into the annular cavity is ≤ 1 / 2 of the height of the damping box 5. The mass of the liquid should not be too large, and the mass of the liquid is ≤ 1 / 3 of the total mass of the inner box 501 and the outer box. By controlling the height and mass of the liquid, it is prevented that the liquid oscillates in the annular cavity and affects the natural frequency of the TMD.

[0044] For example, the spacing length between the blocks 502, the total number of blocks 502, the shape of the blocks 502 and the amount of liquid injected can be determined by experiments or CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulation. The CFD simulation provided in this example includes the following steps: S1. A geometric model of a double-layer box composed of an inner box 501 and an outer box forming a damping box 5 is established. The annular cavity of the damping box 5 is used as a calculation domain, and the annular cavity is meshed.

[0045] S2. The VOF multiphase flow model is used to obtain the shape of the free liquid surface, and the Realizable k−ε turbulence model is used to calculate the effect of liquid viscosity.

[0046] S3. Mark the initial liquid level position.

[0047] S4. Apply a horizontal acceleration disturbance of 0.2g and record the free oscillation time history curve of the liquid surface at its side wall.

[0048] S5. Calculate its average damping ratio based on the improved HilbertHuang transform (HHT) method.

[0049] S6. Return to step S3, calculate the average damping corresponding to different liquid level heights, and fit the formula for subsequent engineering applications.

[0050] S7. Return to step S1, calculate the simulation analysis results for different block 502 arrangement densities and shapes, and establish a database, so as to facilitate subsequent projects to determine the spacing length between blocks 502, the total number of blocks 502, the shape of blocks 502 and the amount of liquid injected.

[0051] The lifting device 4 includes a driver 401, a controller 402, a first gear 403, a second gear 405, a winch drum 404, a lifting cable 407, a bearing base 406, a self-locking component 408 and a base plate 409. The driver 401 is electrically connected to the controller 402, the driver 401 is installed on the controller 402, the output end of the driver 401 is connected to the first gear 403, and the driver 401 can drive the first gear 403 to rotate through the output end. The first gear 403 and the second gear 405 are meshed and connected, and the first gear 403 is located on one side of the second gear 405. The second gear 405 is sleeved on the winch drum 404, the winch drum 404 is a cylindrical structure, and the two ends of the winch drum 404 are rotatably installed on two base plates 409, and the two base plates 409 are arranged in parallel with each other. One end of the lifting cable 407 is wound around the winch drum 404 , and the other end is used to connect to the damping box 5 , so that the damping box 5 can be lifted by the lifting cable 407 , so that the damping box 5 continues to approach the target object 3 .

[0052] The bearing base 406 is installed on the base plate 409. The winch drum 404 passes through the base plate 409 and is movably connected to the bearing base 406. The winch drum 404 can rotate relative to the base plate 409 through the bearing base 406, that is, the winch drum 404 can rotate on the base plate 409. The bearing base 406 is located on the outside of the base plate 409, or is embedded and installed on the base plate 409. The second gear 405 is located on the inside of the base plate 409.

[0053] The self-locking assembly 408 is mounted on the base plate 409, and the self-locking assembly 408 is connected to the winch drum 404. The self-locking assembly 408 is mounted on one of the base plates 409 and is located on the other side of the winch drum 404 facing the second gear 405. The self-locking assembly 408 is used to lock the winch drum 404 from rotating in the reverse direction, thereby limiting the winch drum 404 from rotating in the reverse direction and only allowing the winch drum 404 to rotate in the forward direction. When the winch drum 404 rotates in the forward direction, the lifting cable 407 wound on the winch drum 404 is in the process of winding. When the winch drum 404 rotates in the reverse direction, the lifting cable 407 wound on the winch drum 404 is in the process of releasing.

[0054] The lifting device 4 is in working state, the controller 402 controls the driver 401 to enter working state, the output end of the driver 401 drives the first gear 403 to rotate, the first gear 403 drives the second gear 405 meshing with it to rotate, the second gear 405 drives the winch drum 404 to rotate forward, and the winch drum 404 rotates on the base plate 409. During the forward rotation of the winch drum 404, the winch drum 404 continuously reels the lifting cable 407, thereby continuously pulling up the damping box 5 connected to the lifting cable 407 through the lifting cable 407, so that the damping box 5 continuously approaches the target object 3.

[0055] The controller 402 is connected to the distance measuring device 6 to receive the distance signal indicating the first distance sent by the distance measuring device 6. The controller 402 controls the rotation speed and the number of rotations of the driver 401 based on the distance signal, thereby controlling the pull-up height of the damping box 5 by controlling the number of rotations of the driver 401. Thus, the controller 402 can achieve the target 3 reaching different heights, and the distance between the damping box 5 and the target 3 is adjusted and changed, so that the current height of the target 3 is compatible with the current distance between the damping box 5 and the target.

[0056] Exemplarily, the driver 401 is a servo motor.

[0057] Exemplarily, the lifting cable 407 is a steel strand.

[0058] Exemplarily, the first gear 403 and the second gear are circular arc gears.

[0059] Exemplarily, a position limiting protection plate (not shown in the figure) is further included, which is sleeved on the capstan 404, fits the second gear 405, and is located on the outside of the second gear 405, that is, on the side of the second gear 405 away from the base plate 409. The position limiting protection plate plays a role of limiting and protecting, so as to prevent the second gear 405 from moving on the capstan 404 and from touching the second gear 405, thus playing a protective role.

[0060] The self-locking assembly 408 includes a self-locking gear 4081, a self-locking latch 4082, a latch bearing 4083, a stopper 4084 and a self-locking spring 4085. The self-locking gear 4081 is fixedly sleeved on the capstan 404 and can rotate with the capstan 404. The self-locking gear 4081 is located on the inner side of the base plate 409 and is spaced parallel to the base plate 409.

[0061] The latch bearing 4083 is fixedly mounted on the base plate 409, and one end of the self-locking latch 4082 is movably mounted on the latch bearing 4083, so that the self-locking latch 4082 can rotate relative to the self-locking latch 4082, and the other end of the self-locking latch 4082 extends between two adjacent teeth of the self-locking gear 4081, and the side of the other end abuts against one of the two adjacent teeth. The stopper 4084 is fixed on the base plate 409 and is spaced apart from the latch bearing 4083, and the stopper 4084 is between the self-locking gear 4081 and the latch bearing 4083. One end of the self-locking spring 4085 is fixedly connected to the stopper 4084, and the other end is fixedly connected to the self-locking latch 4082.

[0062] One of the sides of the teeth of the self-locking gear 4081 is a bevel, and the self-locking pin 4082 is close to one end of the self-locking gear 4081. The inclination angle of the bevel matches the side of the self-locking pin 4082 close to the end of the self-locking gear 4081, so that the self-locking pin 4082 only allows the self-locking gear 4081 to rotate in the forward direction and prevents the self-locking gear 4081 from rotating in the reverse direction.

[0063] refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 The positive rotation of the self-locking gear 4081 is clockwise. When the self-locking gear 4081 rotates clockwise (i.e., positive rotation), the teeth of the self-locking gear 4081 can push the self-locking pin 4082 away, that is, the self-locking gear 4081 is only allowed to swing downward (clockwise) and rebound, and the self-locking pin 4082 rotates relative to the pin bearing 4083. As the self-locking gear 4081 rotates, the self-locking pin 4082 is pushed away from between two adjacent teeth of the current group, and under the action of the self-locking spring 4085, the self-locking pin 4082 pushed away from between two adjacent teeth of the current group falls into between two adjacent teeth of the next group, and this action is repeated until the self-locking gear 4081 stops rotating, and the self-locking pin 4082 falls into between two adjacent teeth of the corresponding position under the action of the self-locking spring 4085, so that the self-locking pin 4082 allows the winch drum 404 to rotate positively. Figure 7 One end of the self-locking pin 4082 falls exactly between two adjacent teeth, and the side of the self-locking pin 4082 fits with the bevel of the tooth.

[0064] When the capstan 404 drives the self-locking gear 4081 to reverse, the teeth of the self-locking gear 4081 cannot be separated from the self-locking pin 4082 due to the obstruction of the self-locking pin 4082. The self-locking pin 4082 is always embedded between two adjacent teeth, thereby preventing the self-locking gear 4081 from reversing, causing the capstan 404 to reverse.

[0065] The self-locking component 408 only allows the winch drum 404 to rotate forward and prevents the winch drum 404 from reversing, thereby ensuring that the winch drum 404 can only reel in the lifting cable 407 but cannot release the lifting cable 407. In this way, during the process of lifting the target object 3, when the driver 401 is powered off or fails or due to other reasons and cannot drive the first gear 403 to rotate, the self-locking component 408 can prevent the winch drum 404 from reversing, thereby preventing the lifting cable 407 from being released, thereby preventing the damping box 5 from falling and preventing the damping box 5 from falling uncontrollably.

[0066] When the target object 3 is affected by external factors and vibrates horizontally, the TMD connected to the target object 3 will vibrate relative to the target object 3. The inertial force generated by the relative vibration of the TMD will react to the target object 3, thereby suppressing the vibration of the target object 3, thereby eliminating or weakening the vibration of the target object 3 and achieving vibration control.

[0067] Among them, the lifting device 4 forms a single pendulum TMD through the lifting cable 407 and the damping box 5, which is similar to a single pendulum system, and the natural frequency of the single pendulum system is related to the length of the single pendulum. Therefore, the natural frequency of the TMD is related to the suspension length of the lifting cable 407, so by controlling the suspension length of the lifting cable 407, the natural frequency of the TMD can be controlled, thereby controlling the relative vibration of the TMD, and then controlling the vibration of the target object 3. More specifically, during the lifting construction process, the target object 3 is lifted by the lifter 1, and the target object 3 is lifted from a low altitude (such as the ground) to a high altitude (such as reaching the target position). The natural frequency of the overall structure composed of the target object 3, the distance measuring device 6, the suspension cable 2 and the TMD changes with the change of the height of the target object 3. In order to maintain the optimal frequency ratio of the TMD to the overall structure, the natural frequency of the TMD also needs to change according to the height to achieve vibration control.

[0068] The lifting device 4 can be used as a lifting device 4 with a self-locking function for lifting the target object 3, so as to achieve the lifting of the target object 3. In this embodiment, the target object 3 is a damping box 5. In actual use, the target object 3 can be other components. The prompt device can not only achieve the lifting of the target object 3, but also prevent the target object 3 from falling, and prevent the power source (i.e., the driver 401) from being able to maintain the current height of the target object 3 in the event of power failure or failure, so as to prevent the target object 3 from falling and ensure safety. In addition, the lifting device 4 has a simple structure, is easy to maintain, has strong practicality, is low in cost, and is suitable for large-scale promotion and use.

[0069] The vibration control device provided by the present invention can adaptively adjust the height of the damping box 5, so that it can adaptively adjust and control the vibration according to the change in the height position of the target object 3, effectively control the structure, eliminate or weaken the vibration, and achieve the purpose of eliminating or weakening the vibration caused by external interference during the lifting of the target object 3, thereby reducing the safety impact of sudden strong winds and the like encountered during the lifting of the target object 3, thereby improving construction safety.

[0070] refer to Figure 8 The present invention also provides a vibration control method for lifting construction of a target object 3. The method can be implemented based on the vibration control device or other devices with vibration control function. The method includes: Measure the height of the target 3 at any time and determine the mass of the damping box 5. The optimal frequency ratio and the optimal damping ratio of the TMD and the bearing structure are determined based on the mass of the damping box 5. The TMD includes the damping box 5 and a lifting device 4 for lifting the damping box 5. The bearing structure includes a distance measuring device 6 for lifting the target object 3 and measuring the height of the target object 3. Under the constraints of the optimal frequency ratio and the optimal damping ratio, the suspension length of the damping box 5 is determined based on the height of the target object 3. According to the suspension length, the damping box 5 is lifted so that at time t, the suspension length of the damping box 5 matches the height of the target object 3 to eliminate or reduce the vibration effect.

[0071] More specifically, the specific implementation process of the method includes the following steps: Step 1: Determine the total mass M of the target object 3 and the lifting device 4 carried on the target object 3, that is, the total weight of the target object 3 and the lifting device 4, and determine the mass m of the damping box 5 based on the total mass M. And determine the target height L of the target object 3 to be lifted, which is the distance between the initial position of the target object 3 when the lifting starts and the terminal position when the lifting stops, and this distance is also the target height L. When the initial position is the ground, the target height L is the height of the target object 3 from the ground when the lifting stops.

[0072] Among them, the mass m of the damping box 5 includes the mass of the inner box 501, the mass of the outer box, the mass of all blocks 502 arranged in the annular cavity between the inner box 501 and the outer box, the mass of the liquid in the annular cavity, and also includes the mass of the embedded parts placed in the cavity of the damping box 5.

[0073] For example, the larger the mass m of the damping box 5 is, the better the vibration control effect on the target object 3 is. However, if the mass of the damping box 5 is too large, it will increase the load of the target object 3, thereby affecting the construction safety. The relationship between the mass m of the damping box 5 and the total mass M can be determined according to the actual construction site conditions. The inventors have found that for most application scenarios, , is the coefficient, that is , generally 0.005-0.03, that is .

[0074] Step 2: Based on the mass m of the damping box 5, calculate the optimal frequency ratio according to formula ① and formula ② respectively: The optimal damping ratio of TMD , optimal frequency ratio is the ratio between the natural frequency of TMD and the natural frequency of the bearing structure, TMD includes lifting device 4 and damping box 5, that is, lifting device 4 and damping box 5 constitute TMD. The bearing structure refers to the remaining structure after removing TMD, including ranging device 6, lifting device 1, suspension cable 2 and target 3, that is, after removing TMD from the vibration control device, the remaining structure constitutes a component of the bearing structure, so the bearing structure includes ranging device 6, lifting device 1, suspension cable 2 and target 3.

[0075] Formula ① and formula ② are as follows: ------① ------② In the formula, g represents the acceleration due to gravity, L is the target height, That is, the coefficient, , usually 0.005-0.03, that is, when determining the mass m of the damping box 5, or when determining the coefficient After that, the frequency ratio and the optimal damping ratio Then it was confirmed.

[0076] Step 3: According to the mass m of the damping box 5 and the optimal damping ratio determined by formula ② In this case, the size of the damping box 5, the arrangement density of the blocks 502, and the mass of the liquid to be injected into the annular cavity, that is, the injection amount of the liquid, are determined based on the conversion formula of the damping ratio and the damping coefficient.

[0077] Among them, the damping ratio of the damping box The conversion formula of and damping coefficient can be expressed as , is the natural frequency of the damping box, and the natural frequency is Therefore, according to this conversion formula, the target damping coefficient of the damping box can be obtained , that is , target damping coefficient That is, it is regarded as the optimal damping coefficient, and the damping coefficient of the damping box 5 is adjusted to the target damping coefficient , so that at the target damping coefficient Under this condition, the TMD damping ratio reaches the optimal damping ratio. .

[0078] In actual application, the inventors found that considering that the structure (i.e., the target object 3) is most likely to encounter wind load when it is in mid-air (raised to half of the total height), the damping box 5 satisfies the optimal damping ratio when the target object 3 is in mid-air. .

[0079] The damping box 5 includes an inner box 501 and an outer box. The mass m is subtracted from the sum of the masses of the inner box 501 and the outer box to obtain the residual mass. The residual mass is the sum of the masses of the block 502, the liquid and the patching components. The number and mass of the block 502, the mass of the liquid and the mass of the patching components can be determined. When there is no need to install the patching components in the cavity of the damping box 5, the mass of the patching components is 0.

[0080] The damping coefficient is a parameter that reflects the energy dissipation characteristics of an object during vibration. The damping coefficient is generally not directly related to the natural frequency of the structure, but is related to the material and structure of the structure. In this embodiment, it is related to the amount of liquid injected, the density of the block 502, and the mass of the embedded components.

[0081] Damping ratio It can be expressed as: , that is, the damping ratio and the natural frequency of the object structure Therefore, the damping coefficient C is related to the material and structure of the object itself. Therefore, when the mass of the damping box 5, the viscosity of the liquid in the annular cavity, the density of the block, etc. change, the damping coefficient C will also change. In this embodiment, since the natural frequency of the TMD will also change with the change of the height of the damping box 5, the damping ratio can be adjusted to the target damping coefficient to achieve the optimal damping ratio, so that the target damping coefficient Under this condition, the damping ratio is the optimal damping ratio in formula ② .

[0082] Step 4: Measure the height of the target 3 at the current time t .

[0083] For example, the height of the target object 3 can be determined by measuring the distance d between the target object 3 and the distance measuring device 6. Assuming that the distance between the target object 3 and the distance measuring device 6 at the current time t is , then the height of target 3 at the current time t .

[0084] When there are multiple distance measuring devices 6, the average value of the distances measured by the various distance measuring devices is taken as the distance d, that is, the average value is taken as the distance d.

[0085] Step 5: According to the hanging height of target 3 Calculate its natural frequency , combined with the optimal frequency ratio Calculate the optimal frequency of TMD Finally, the optimal suspension length of the lifting cable 407 is calculated based on the natural frequency formula of the simple pendulum structure. , suspension length It refers to the length of the lifting cable 407 between the lifting device 4 and the damping box 5, that is, the distance from the starting position of the winch drum 404 to the connection between the lifting cable 407 and the damping box 5. Among them, the natural frequency of the target 3 at the current time t is According to formula ③, the optimal frequency of TMD at the current time t is obtained. According to formula ④, the suspension length at the current time t is obtained. According to formula ⑤, we can get: ------③ ------④ ------⑤ The optimal frequency corresponding to any time can be calculated by formulas ③ and ④ , that is, the optimal frequency of TMD corresponding to the target 3 at any height can be calculated , dynamically calculate the optimal frequency of TMD .

[0086] Formula ③ and Formula ⑤ are adopted because the target object 3 and TMD can be approximately regarded as a simple pendulum structure. The natural frequency (ie, the natural frequency) of the simple pendulum structure is related to the length of its pendulum. Therefore, Formula ③ and Formula ⑤ can be adopted.

[0087] Formula ⑤ can be used to determine the suspension length of the lifting cable 407 under real-time control while maintaining the optimal frequency ratio: , in the process of lifting the damping box 5, the suspension length Then, according to the suspension height of the target object 3 measured by the distance measuring device 6 (the height distance from the lifting device 3 to the suspension point of the target object 3) The lifting cable 407 is wound up by the driver 401 of the lifting device 4 to ensure the suspension length of the lifting cable 407. The relationship shown in formula ⑤ is always satisfied.

[0088] Step 6: lift the target object 3 to the target height L. After the target object 3 reaches the target height L, perform subsequent construction, including taking out the embedded parts in the damping box 5 for assembly construction, and installing the target object 3 on the building body.

[0089] By executing the vibration control method formed by the above steps, the vibration caused by the wind load on the target object 3 can be eliminated or weakened during the construction process of lifting the target object 3, reducing the risk of instability or damage of various structures including the target object 3, and improving the safety of construction. In addition, compared with traditional construction, it can reduce the strict requirements of the construction team's external environmental conditions (such as wind force), and can be carried out under a wider range of environmental conditions, reducing the shutdown or delay caused by bad weather including strong winds, thereby shortening the overall construction period and improving construction efficiency. The vibration control method can also be applied to the overall lifting construction of various large-span steel structures, super high-rise buildings and bridges, and can be widely used in different types of complex steel structure construction projects, and has a wide range of promotion and application value.

[0090] The embodiment disclosed in this specification is only an example of a unilateral feature of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and any other functionally equivalent embodiments fall within the protection scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various other corresponding changes and deformations can be made according to the technical solutions and concepts described above, and all of these changes and deformations should fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vibration control method for target lifting construction, characterized in that: Applied to a vibration control device, the vibration control device includes a lifter, a distance measuring device, a suspension cable, a lifter and a damping box, the lifter is connected to the target object through the suspension cable, the lifter is used to lift the target object, and the distance measuring device is used to measure the distance between the target object and the lifter. The lifting device is installed on the target object, the lifting device is connected to the damping box, the lifting device and the damping box form a TMD, and the lifting device is used to lift the damping box to control the distance between the damping box and the target object. The vibration control method comprises a first step: The first step: measure the height of the target at any time and determine the mass of the damping box. The optimal frequency ratio and the optimal damping ratio of the TMD and the bearing structure are determined based on the mass of the damping box, the TMD includes the damping box and a lifting device for lifting the damping box, and the bearing structure includes a distance measuring device for lifting a target and measuring the height of the target. Under the constraints of the optimal frequency ratio and the optimal damping ratio, the suspension length of the damping box is determined based on the height of the target object. According to the suspension length, the damping box is lifted so that at time t, the suspension length of the damping box matches the height of the target object to eliminate or reduce the vibration effect.

2. The vibration control method for target lifting construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific implementation process of the first step includes the following schemes: Step 1: Determine the total mass M of the target object and the lifting device carried on the target object, determine the mass m of the damping box, and determine the target height L that the target object needs to be lifted; Step 2: Based on the mass m of the damping box, calculate the optimal frequency ratio according to formula ① and formula ② respectively: The optimal damping ratio of TMD , optimal frequency ratio is the ratio between the frequency of the TMD and the frequency of the bearing structure. The TMD includes the lifting device and the damping box. The bearing structure refers to the structure used to bear the TMD. Formula ① and formula ② are as follows: ------① ------② In the formula, g represents the acceleration due to gravity, represents the coefficient; Step 3: Adjust the damping of the damping box to the target damping coefficient , so that at the target damping coefficient Under this condition, the TMD damping ratio reaches the optimal damping ratio. ; Step 4: Measure the height of the target at the current time t ; Step 5: Based on the optimal frequency ratio Calculate the optimal frequency of TMD based on the height Determine the suspension length of the lifting cable , Among them, the optimal frequency at the current time t is According to formula ③, the suspension length at the current time t is According to formula ④, we can get: ------③ ------④ In the formula, the distance between the target object and the distance measuring device at the current time t is .

3. The vibration control method for target lifting construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: After step 5, it also includes, Step 6: Lift the target object to the target height L. After the target object reaches the target height L, proceed with subsequent construction.

4. The vibration control method for target lifting construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step 6, the subsequent construction includes taking out the embedded parts in the damping box for assembly construction, and installing the target object on the building body. An open cavity is arranged on the target object, and the patching component is installed in the open cavity.

5. The vibration control method for target lifting construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 1, the mass m of the damping box is determined based on the total mass M.

6. The vibration control method for target lifting construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: 。 7. The vibration control method for target lifting construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: 。 8. The vibration control method for target lifting construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: Optimal frequency ratio It is the ratio between the frequency of the TMD and the frequency of the bearing structure. The TMD includes a lifting device and a damping box. The bearing structure includes a ranging device, a lifting device, a suspension cable and a target.

9. The vibration control method for target lifting construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 3, according to the mass m of the damping box and the optimal damping ratio Determine the size of the damping box, the density of the blocks, and the mass of the liquid to be injected into the annular cavity, and adjust the damping of the damping box to the target damping coefficient by the density of the blocks, the amount of liquid injected, and the mass of the patching parts. , The target object is also provided with an annular cavity, and the block is located in the annular cavity.

10. The vibration control method for target lifting construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific implementation of step 4 includes the following steps: The distance d between the target object and the distance measuring device is measured. The distance between the target object and the distance measuring device at the current time t is , then the height of the target at the current time t .

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