Electricity-heat-hydrogen-storage integrated energy system and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an electricity-heat-hydrogen-storage comprehensive energy system and a control method thereof, and is suitable for the technical field of comprehensive energy control, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the real-time operation state of the comprehensive energy system and the real-time energy storage state of each energy storage device; determining real-time differential power of the integrated energy system based on the real-time operation state, and performing frequency division on the real-time differential power to obtain an initial real-time frequency division result; in a preset period, based on the real-time energy storage state of each energy storage device, a plurality of preset frequency division adjustment schemes and the initial real-time frequency division result, obtaining a plurality of final operation states of the integrated energy system; and performing screening to obtain a target final operation state, determining a target frequency division adjustment scheme according to the target final operation state, and determining a control scheme of the integrated energy system based on the final frequency division adjustment scheme and the real-time operation state. By adjusting the frequency division result of the differential power, the energy utilization rate of the integrated energy system can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of integrated energy control, and in particular relates to an electric-heat-hydrogen-storage integrated energy system and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Solar energy resources are abundant and easy to obtain, and it is one of the most widely used new energy sources today. However, renewable energy sources such as solar energy have their own shortcomings such as intermittent, decentralized, and low energy flow density, which makes them difficult to be used on a large scale and in a single manner. At the same time, due to the uncertainty of weather conditions and user needs, the supply of renewable energy often has large fluctuations, and phenomena such as "abandoning wind" and "abandoning light" occur from time to time. Hydrogen, as an efficient and clean energy carrier, mainly releases chemical energy by reacting with oxygen to generate water. In the entire energy supply process, no other intermediate products are produced except water, which truly realizes zero energy waste and zero pollution. In order to make full use of the advantages of hydrogen and build a more efficient and environmentally friendly energy system, the concept of integrated energy system came into being. The integrated energy system can make full use of renewable energy resources such as solar energy, and realize the efficient use of energy in a ladder through advanced energy conversion and storage technologies.

[0003] At present, due to the randomness, intermittency, volatility and load uncertainty of new energy in the integrated energy system, when the output of new energy is insufficient, the energy storage system in the integrated energy system needs to take on more tasks to provide corresponding energy for the load, and when the output of new energy is excessive, it may lead to energy waste. In addition, the existing capacity configuration scheme of the integrated energy system is often based on overly idealistic assumptions, ignoring many uncertainties and dynamic changes in actual operation, which to a certain extent limits the overall performance of the integrated energy system and the optimal allocation of resources.

[0004] The inventors found that due to the many unreasonable aspects of energy storage allocation in various energy storage devices, the existing capacity configuration scheme cannot be combined with reality, resulting in low energy utilization in the existing integrated energy system. Therefore, a control method for an integrated energy system that can improve energy utilization is urgently needed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present invention provide a control method and device for an integrated energy system to solve the problem of low energy utilization rate in the existing integrated energy system.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a control method for an electric-heat-hydrogen-storage integrated energy system, comprising:

[0008] Obtaining the real-time operating status of the integrated energy system and the real-time energy storage status of each energy storage device in the integrated energy system;

[0009] Determine the real-time differential power of the integrated energy system based on the real-time operating status, and divide the real-time differential power to obtain an initial real-time frequency division result;

[0010] Within a preset period, based on the real-time energy storage state of each energy storage device, a plurality of preset frequency division adjustment schemes and the initial real-time frequency division result, a plurality of final operating states of the integrated energy system are obtained;

[0011] The multiple final operating states are screened to obtain a target final operating state, a preset frequency division adjustment scheme corresponding to the target final operating state is determined as the target frequency division adjustment scheme, and a control scheme of the integrated energy system is determined based on the final frequency division adjustment scheme and the real-time operating state.

[0012] In the second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electric-heat-hydrogen-storage integrated energy system, comprising: a photovoltaic power generation module, a supercapacitor, a hydrogen storage module, a heat storage module, a municipal power grid module, a user electric load module and a user thermal load module; the photovoltaic power generation module is respectively connected to the supercapacitor, the hydrogen storage module, the heat storage module and the user electric load module; the supercapacitor is respectively connected to the photovoltaic power generation module and the user electric load module; the hydrogen storage module is respectively connected to the photovoltaic power generation module, the heat storage module, the user electric load module and the user thermal load module; the thermal storage module is respectively connected to the photovoltaic power generation module, the hydrogen storage module and the user thermal load module; the municipal power grid module is connected to the user electric load module.

[0013] The embodiment of the present invention provides a control method and device for an integrated energy system, which determines the real-time differential power of the integrated energy system through the real-time operating state of the integrated energy system, and divides the real-time differential power to obtain an initial real-time frequency division result. Within a preset period, the initial real-time frequency division result is adjusted according to the real-time energy storage state of each energy storage device and multiple preset frequency division adjustment schemes, and multiple final operating states are compared. The multiple final operating states are screened according to preset rules to determine the target final operating state and the corresponding target frequency division adjustment scheme, and the model predictive control algorithm is optimized to obtain the control scheme of the system through the model predictive control algorithm. By performing frequency division and adjusting the frequency division result, it is possible to improve the energy utilization rate of the integrated energy system while avoiding excessive use of energy storage devices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or related technical descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0015] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a control method of an electric-heat-hydrogen-storage integrated energy system provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a model predictive control flow of a control method for an electric-heat-hydrogen-storage integrated energy system provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of an electric-heat-hydrogen-storage integrated energy system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In the following description, specific details such as specific system structures, technologies, etc. are provided for the purpose of illustration rather than limitation, so as to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present invention. However, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other cases, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted to prevent unnecessary details from obstructing the description of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a control method of an electric-heat-hydrogen-storage integrated energy system provided by an embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 1 , the control method of the electric-heat-hydrogen-storage integrated energy system is described in detail as follows:

[0020] S110, obtaining the real-time operating status of the integrated energy system and the real-time energy storage status of each energy storage device in the integrated energy system.

[0021] In this embodiment, the integrated energy system may be an energy system in which new energy power generation exists. By collecting the real-time operation data of the integrated energy system and analyzing the collected data, the real-time operation status of the integrated energy system and the real-time energy storage status of each energy storage device in the integrated energy system can be determined. The real-time operation status includes the real-time power generation data of the new energy in the integrated energy system and the real-time power load data of the user.

[0022] S120, determining the real-time differential power of the integrated energy system based on the real-time operating status, and dividing the real-time differential power to obtain an initial real-time frequency division result.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the real-time differential power of the integrated energy system is determined based on the real-time operating status, and the real-time differential power is divided to obtain an initial real-time division result, including: determining the real-time power generation data of new energy and the real-time electric load data of users in the integrated energy system based on the real-time operating status; determining the real-time differential power of the integrated energy system based on the real-time power generation data of new energy and the real-time electric load data of users.

[0024] In this embodiment, the real-time difference power is the difference between the power generation power of the new energy in the comprehensive energy system and the power of the user's electric load. The real-time difference power can be positive or negative. When the real-time difference power is positive, it indicates that the power generation power of the energy system is greater than the power load of the user. At this time, in order to improve energy utilization, the excess power generation needs to be stored in the energy storage device for aggregation. When the real-time difference power is negative, it indicates that the power generation power of the new energy system is less than the power load of the user. At this time, in order to meet user needs, the energy storage device needs to supply power to some users.

[0025] As for the allocation method, the present application may adopt VMD (Variational Modal Decomposition) to divide the real-time differential power. The basis for the division may be the response speed of each energy storage device in the comprehensive energy storage system of the present application. Generally speaking, the faster the response speed, the higher the corresponding frequency.

[0026] Most existing integrated energy systems use the method of "running one type of energy storage device first, and then using the next type of energy storage device when the device reaches the rated capacity" when controlling the operation of energy storage devices. However, this application can maximize the characteristics of each energy storage device by dividing the difference power, and can also allow multiple energy storage devices to function simultaneously.

[0027] S130, within a preset period, based on the real-time energy storage status of each energy storage device, multiple preset frequency division adjustment schemes and the initial real-time frequency division results, multiple final operating states of the integrated energy system are obtained.

[0028] In this embodiment, the preset period is set in advance, and may be one day, one week, or one month, and this application does not impose any limitation thereto.

[0029] Optionally, within a preset period, the initial real-time frequency division result is adjusted by different preset frequency division adjustment schemes in combination with the real-time energy storage state of each energy storage device to obtain multiple real-time frequency division results. By controlling the integrated energy system to operate according to different real-time frequency division results and collecting data on the operating state of the integrated energy system, the final operating state corresponding to each preset frequency division adjustment scheme within the preset period can be obtained.

[0030] In one possible implementation, within a preset period, based on the real-time energy storage status of each energy storage device, multiple preset frequency division adjustment schemes and the initial real-time frequency division results, the final operating status of multiple integrated energy systems is obtained, including: within the preset period, based on the real-time energy storage status of each energy storage device and each preset frequency division adjustment scheme, the initial real-time frequency division result is adjusted to obtain the real-time frequency division result; the integrated energy system is controlled to operate according to the real-time frequency division result, and the final operating status of the integrated energy system is collected.

[0031] In a possible implementation, within a preset period, the initial real-time frequency division result is adjusted based on the real-time energy storage state of each energy storage device and each preset frequency division adjustment scheme to obtain a real-time frequency division result, including: determining a target energy storage device for each preset frequency division adjustment scheme; for each preset frequency division adjustment scheme, performing the following steps: determining whether to start the preset frequency division adjustment scheme based on the real-time energy storage state of the target energy storage device corresponding to the preset frequency division adjustment scheme; if the preset frequency division adjustment scheme is started, the initial real-time frequency division result of each energy storage device is adjusted based on the preset frequency division adjustment scheme to obtain a real-time frequency division result; if the preset frequency division adjustment scheme is not started, the initial frequency division result is not adjusted, and the initial real-time frequency division result is determined as the real-time frequency division result.

[0032] Optionally, the preset frequency division adjustment scheme is preset in advance and is used to adjust the frequency division result of the real-time differential power. Each preset frequency division adjustment scheme corresponds to a target energy storage device, and the number of energy storage devices in the integrated energy system is the same as the number of preset frequency division adjustment schemes.

[0033] In a possible implementation, for each preset frequency division adjustment scheme, based on the real-time energy storage state of the target energy storage device corresponding to the preset frequency division adjustment scheme, it is determined whether to start the preset frequency division adjustment scheme, including: for each preset frequency division adjustment scheme, the following steps are performed: determining a first target energy storage state and a second target energy storage state of the target energy storage device corresponding to the frequency division adjustment scheme; the SOC value corresponding to the first target energy storage state is greater than the SOC value corresponding to the second target state; comparing the SOC value corresponding to the real-time energy storage state of the target energy storage device with the SOC value corresponding to the first target energy storage state and the SOC value corresponding to the second target energy storage state, respectively; if the SOC value corresponding to the real-time energy storage state is greater than the SOC value corresponding to the first target energy storage state, or less than the SOC value corresponding to the second target energy storage state, then starting the preset frequency division adjustment scheme.

[0034] In this embodiment, each target energy storage device corresponds to a first target energy storage state and a second target energy storage state. The first target energy storage state and the second target energy storage device are used to avoid overcharging or overdischarging of the target energy storage device.

[0035] In addition, each first target energy storage state and each second target energy storage state corresponds to an SOC value. When the SOC value of the target energy storage device is between the SOC values ​​corresponding to the first target energy storage state and the second target energy storage state, the loss of the target energy storage device is minimized during long-term operation.

[0036] The SOC values ​​corresponding to the first target energy storage state and the second target energy storage state of the target energy storage device corresponding to different preset frequency division schemes may be the same or different. For example, the SOC value corresponding to the first target energy storage state of the target energy storage device 1 corresponding to the preset frequency division scheme 1 is 70%, and the SOC value corresponding to the second target energy storage state is 35%. The SOC values ​​corresponding to the first target energy storage state and the second target energy storage state of the target energy storage device 2 corresponding to the preset frequency division scheme 2 may be 70% and 35%, or 75% and 30%.

[0037] In a possible implementation, the target energy storage device includes at least one of a hydrogen storage tank, a heat storage tank, and a supercapacitor; the preset frequency division adjustment scheme includes: for each target energy storage device, performing the following steps: if the SOC value corresponding to the real-time energy storage state of the target energy storage device is greater than the SOC value corresponding to the first target energy storage state, and the real-time difference power is greater than 0, then the corresponding frequency division component of the target energy storage device is reduced, and the corresponding frequency division components of the remaining energy storage devices in the integrated energy system are increased; if the SOC value corresponding to the real-time energy storage state of the target energy storage device is greater than the SOC value corresponding to the first target energy storage state, and the real-time difference power is less than 0, then the corresponding frequency division component of the target energy storage device is increased. The corresponding frequency division component is increased, and the corresponding frequency division component of the remaining energy storage devices in the integrated energy system is reduced; if the SOC value corresponding to the real-time energy storage state of the target energy storage device is less than the SOC value corresponding to the second target energy storage state, and the real-time difference power is greater than 0, the corresponding frequency division component of the target energy storage device is increased, and the corresponding frequency division component of the remaining energy storage devices in the integrated energy system is reduced; if the SOC value corresponding to the real-time energy storage state of the target energy storage device is less than the SOC value corresponding to the second target energy storage state, and the real-time difference power is less than 0, the corresponding frequency division component of the target energy storage device is reduced, and the corresponding frequency division component of the remaining energy storage devices in the integrated energy system is increased.

[0038] Optionally, if the real-time power difference is greater than 0, it indicates that the energy storage device is receiving electric energy, and if the real-time power difference is less than 0, it indicates that the energy storage device is releasing electric energy.

[0039] In this embodiment, the target energy storage device needs to include a supercapacitor or a hydrogen storage tank or a heat storage tank, and may include one or more of them. In addition to supercapacitors, hydrogen storage tanks, and heat storage tanks, the target energy storage device may also be other energy storage devices.

[0040] In this embodiment, when reducing the frequency division component, the frequency division component may be directly reduced to 0, or may be adjusted according to a ratio, for example, the frequency division component may be reduced to 30% of the original frequency division component. This application does not make any specific restrictions here.

[0041] The present embodiment is described below by a specific example:

[0042] In the integrated energy system A, there are three target energy storage devices, namely, a hydrogen storage tank, a heat storage tank, and a supercapacitor. Since the response speed of the supercapacitor is greater than that of the hydrogen storage tank and the heat storage tank, and the response speed of the hydrogen storage tank is greater than that of the heat storage tank, the difference power of the integrated energy system A is divided into three parts: high, medium, and low frequency. The supercapacitor uses the high frequency part to respond, the hydrogen storage tank uses the medium frequency part to respond, and the heat storage tank uses the low frequency part to respond.

[0043] At this time, there are three preset frequency division adjustment schemes in the integrated energy system A. The target device corresponding to the first preset frequency division adjustment scheme is the supercapacitor, the target energy storage device corresponding to the second preset frequency division scheme is the hydrogen storage tank, and the target energy storage device corresponding to the third preset frequency division scheme is the heat storage tank.

[0044] The first preset crossover adjustment scheme is:

[0045] If the initial real-time frequency division of the real-time difference power is 0.3 for high frequency, 0.3 for medium frequency, and 0.4 for low frequency, when it is detected that the SOC value of the supercapacitor is higher than 70% or lower than 35%, the first preset frequency division scheme is started.

[0046] At this time, the state of the real-time difference power is determined. If the real-time difference power is greater than 0, it means that the supercapacitor is in the state of receiving electric energy. If the SOC value of the supercapacitor is higher than 70%, the high-frequency component is reduced to 0, the medium-frequency component is adjusted to 0.6, the low-frequency component remains unchanged, and the SOC of the hydrogen storage tank is detected. If the SOC of the hydrogen storage tank is also higher than 70%, the medium-frequency component is also reduced to 0, and the low-frequency component is adjusted to 1. If the SOC value of the supercapacitor is lower than 35%, the medium-frequency component is reduced to 0, the high-frequency component is increased to 0.6, and the SOC value of the hydrogen storage tank is detected. If the SOC value of the hydrogen storage tank is also lower than 35%, the medium-frequency component is adjusted to 0.4, and the low-frequency component is reduced to 0. If the SOC of the supercapacitor is still lower than 35% at the next moment, the high-frequency component is adjusted to 1, and the remaining components are adjusted to 0 until the SOC of the supercapacitor is higher than 35%.

[0047] If the real-time differential power is less than 0, it means that the supercapacitor is in the state of releasing electric energy. If the SOC of the supercapacitor is higher than 70%, the intermediate frequency component is reduced to 0, and the high frequency component is increased to 0.6, and the SOC of the hydrogen storage tank is detected. If the SOC of the hydrogen storage tank is also higher than 70%, the intermediate frequency component is increased to 0.4, and the low frequency component is reduced to 0. If the SOC of the supercapacitor at the next moment is still higher than 70%, the high frequency component is increased to 1, and the remaining components are adjusted to 0 until the SOC of the supercapacitor is lower than 70%. If the SOC value of the supercapacitor is lower than 35%, the high frequency component is reduced to 0, the intermediate frequency component is adjusted to 0.6, the low frequency component remains unchanged, and the SOC of the hydrogen storage tank is detected. If the SOC of the hydrogen storage tank is also lower than 35%, the intermediate frequency component is also reduced to 0, and the low frequency component is adjusted to 1.

[0048] The second preset frequency adjustment scheme is:

[0049] If the initial real-time frequency division of the real-time difference power is 0.3 for high frequency, 0.3 for medium frequency, and 0.4 for low frequency, when it is detected that the SOC value of the hydrogen storage tank is higher than 70% or lower than 35%, the second preset frequency division scheme is started.

[0050] At this time, determine the state of the real-time differential power. If the real-time differential power is greater than 0, it means that the hydrogen storage tank is in the state of receiving electric energy. If the SOC of the hydrogen storage tank is higher than 70%, detect the SOC of the supercapacitor and the heat storage tank. If there is an energy storage device with a value less than 35%, reduce the SOC of the hydrogen storage tank to 0, and increase the component of one of the energy storage devices with a value less than 35% by 0.3. If there is no energy storage device with a value less than 35%, do not adjust the frequency division component. If the SOC of the hydrogen storage tank is lower than 35%, detect the SOC of the supercapacitor and the heat storage tank. If there is an energy storage device with a value greater than 70%, reduce the SOC of the energy storage device with a value greater than 70% to 0, and add the reduced component to the component of the hydrogen storage tank.

[0051] If the real-time difference power is less than 0, it means that the hydrogen storage tank is in the state of releasing electric energy. If the SOC of the hydrogen storage tank is higher than 70%, the SOC of the supercapacitor and the heat storage tank is detected. If there is an energy storage device with an SOC less than 35%, the frequency component of the device is reduced to 0, and the reduced part is added to the intermediate frequency component of the hydrogen storage tank. If there is no energy storage device with an SOC less than 35%, the frequency component is not adjusted. If the SOC of the hydrogen storage tank is lower than 35%, the SOC of the supercapacitor and the heat storage tank is detected. If there is an energy storage device with an SOC higher than 70%, the intermediate frequency component of the hydrogen storage tank is reduced to 0, and the reduced part is added to the energy storage device higher than 70%. If the SOC of the heat storage tank and the supercapacitor are both higher than 70%, the intermediate frequency component can be added to the low frequency component and the high frequency component on average, or the reduced part of the intermediate frequency component can be randomly added to the low frequency component or the high frequency component. If there is no energy storage device with an SOC higher than 70%, the frequency component is not adjusted.

[0052] The third preset frequency adjustment scheme is:

[0053] If the initial real-time frequency division of the real-time difference power is 0.3 for high frequency, 0.3 for medium frequency, and 0.4 for low frequency, when it is detected that the SOC value of the heat storage tank is higher than 70% or lower than 35%, the third preset frequency division scheme is started.

[0054] At this time, the state of the real-time differential power is judged. If the real-time differential power is greater than 0, it means that the heat storage tank is in the state of receiving electric energy. If the SOC value of the heat storage tank is higher than 70%, the low-frequency component is reduced to 0, the medium-frequency component is adjusted to 0.7, the high-frequency component remains unchanged, and the SOC of the hydrogen storage tank is detected. If the SOC of the hydrogen storage tank is also higher than 70%, the medium-frequency component is also reduced to 0, and the high-frequency component is adjusted to 1. If the SOC value of the heat storage tank is lower than 35%, the medium-frequency component is reduced to 0, the low-frequency component is increased to 0.7, and the SOC value of the hydrogen storage tank is detected. If the SOC value of the hydrogen storage tank is also lower than 35%, the medium-frequency component is adjusted to 0.3, and the high-frequency component is reduced to 0. If the SOC of the heat storage tank is still lower than 35% at the next moment, the low-frequency component is adjusted to 1, and the remaining components are adjusted to 0 until the SOC of the heat storage tank is higher than 35%.

[0055] If the real-time differential power is less than 0, it means that the heat storage tank is in the state of releasing electric energy. If the SOC of the heat storage tank is higher than 70%, the intermediate frequency component is reduced to 0, and the low frequency component is increased to 0.7, and the SOC of the hydrogen storage tank is detected. If the SOC of the hydrogen storage tank is also higher than 70%, the intermediate frequency component is increased to 0.3, and the high frequency component is reduced to 0. If the SOC of the heat storage tank at the next moment is still higher than 70%, the low frequency component is increased to 1, and the remaining components are adjusted to 0 until the SOC of the heat storage tank is lower than 70%. If the SOC value of the heat storage tank is lower than 35%, the low frequency component is reduced to 0, the intermediate frequency component is adjusted to 0.7, the high frequency component remains unchanged, and the SOC of the hydrogen storage tank is detected. If the SOC of the hydrogen storage tank is also lower than 35%, the intermediate frequency component is also reduced to 0, and the high frequency component is adjusted to 1.

[0056] The present application comprehensively considers different operating conditions of the integrated energy system, and adjusts the frequency division components borne by the energy storage device in real time according to the real-time status of the energy storage device, so that the energy storage device can be kept in a low-loss state, avoiding overcharging or over-discharging of the energy storage device. By comparing different frequency division adjustment schemes, the frequency division adjustment scheme that is closest to the storage state of the energy storage device in the initial state is found, thereby effectively improving the service life of the energy storage device and enabling the integrated energy system to maintain long-term operation.

[0057] S140, screening multiple final operating states to obtain a target final operating state, determining a preset frequency division adjustment scheme corresponding to the target final operating state as the target frequency division adjustment scheme, and determining a control scheme for the integrated energy system based on the final frequency division adjustment scheme and the real-time operating state.

[0058] In one possible implementation, multiple final operating states are screened to obtain a target final operating state, including: obtaining the initial operating state of the integrated energy system; for each final operating state, determining the final energy storage state of each energy storage device in the final operating state, and based on the final energy storage state of each energy storage device and the initial energy storage state of each energy storage device, determining the similarity between the final operating state and the initial operating state; and determining the final operating state with the highest similarity as the target final operating state.

[0059] In this embodiment, the initial operating state of the integrated energy system includes the initial energy storage state of each energy storage device, and the initial SOC value of each energy storage device can be obtained according to the initial energy storage state of each energy storage device. The similarity between the final operating state and the initial operating state can be calculated according to the initial SOC value and the final SOC value of each energy storage device in the integrated energy system.

[0060] In one possible implementation, a control scheme for the integrated energy system is determined based on the final frequency division adjustment scheme and the real-time operating status, including: optimizing the model predictive control algorithm based on the optimal preset frequency division adjustment scheme with the goal of optimizing the energy storage state of each energy storage device in the integrated energy system; and determining the control scheme for the integrated energy system based on the real-time operating status and the optimized model predictive control algorithm.

[0061] In one possible implementation, a control scheme for the integrated energy system is determined based on the real-time operating status and an optimized model predictive control algorithm, including: inputting the real-time operating status into the optimized model predictive control algorithm; after each operating cycle of the optimized model predictive control algorithm, based on all operating status data input during the ended operating cycle, obtaining predicted data and control schemes for the integrated energy system in multiple future operating cycles.

[0062] It should be noted that during the operation of MPC (Model Predictive Control, model prediction optimization algorithm), it is necessary to measure and read the state variables of the system at the current time point at each sampling moment. These state variables reflect the current state and performance of the system and are the basis for MPC to perform subsequent predictions and optimizations. In this embodiment, it is necessary to sample photovoltaic data and user load data.

[0063] MPC uses a cost function to represent the optimization problem. The cost function generally includes process terms and terminal terms. The process terms mainly include the performance indicators of the system (i.e., the optimization goal of the system), and the terminal terms are designed to ensure the stability of the system and are usually designed in the form of a quadratic form.

[0064] The optimization goal is the core part of MPC, which is responsible for searching the dense mathematical space to find the best solution. This best solution is a series of control inputs that can minimize the cost function. The optimization process is usually based on quadratic programming or other optimization algorithms. The optimization goal of this application is to optimize the energy storage state of each energy storage device in the integrated energy system.

[0065] MPC uses a rolling optimization strategy. At each sampling moment, the optimization engine calculates an optimal control input sequence based on the current state measurement and prediction model. However, in actual applications, MPC usually only implements the first set of control inputs in this sequence and repeats the entire process at the next sampling moment. This rolling optimization process is actually a real-time iterative process. However, due to the presence of many external interference factors in the actual system, the actual output or reaction of the system will deviate from the predicted results. Therefore, MPC needs to constantly re-evaluate the optimal sequence of control inputs and make corrections based on new state measurements.

[0066] like Figure 2 As shown, within the Δt1 period, the real-time operating status data of the integrated energy system at each moment is used as the initial data and input into the optimized MPC to obtain the forecast data for the next four periods (Δt2-Δt5); within the Δt2 period, the real-time operating status data of the integrated energy system at each moment is used as the new initial data and input into the optimized MPC to re-predict and obtain the forecast data for Δt3-Δt6; within the Δt3 period, the real-time operating status of the integrated energy system at each moment is used as the new initial data and input into the optimized MPC to re-predict and obtain the forecast data for Δt4-Δt7.

[0067] Finally, the calculated optimal control input needs to be executed. This input will be applied to the integrated energy system to change the operating state of the integrated energy system and make it move towards the desired goal. At the same time, MPC also needs to continuously monitor the output and state changes of the integrated energy system in order to make new predictions and optimizations at the next sampling moment.

[0068] The real-time differential power of the integrated energy system is determined by the real-time operating state of the integrated energy system, and the real-time differential power is divided. Further, the initial real-time frequency division result of the real-time differential power is adjusted by different preset frequency division adjustment schemes within the preset period, and the integrated energy system is controlled to operate according to the real-time frequency division result, and the closest final operating state is found as the target final operating state. The model control algorithm is adjusted by the target preset frequency division adjustment scheme, and the operation of the integrated energy system is optimized and controlled by the adjusted model control algorithm. Frequency division of the real-time differential power can effectively improve the utilization efficiency of the energy storage device. Adjusting the frequency division result according to the energy storage state of the energy storage device can avoid overcharging or over-discharging of the energy storage device, ensure that the final operating state of the integrated energy system is closest to the initial operating state, and improve the service life of the integrated energy system. Controlling the operation of the integrated energy system through the model control prediction algorithm can effectively improve the utilization rate of energy and ensure the stable operation of the system to the greatest extent.

[0069] It should be understood that the order of execution of the steps in the above embodiment does not necessarily mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0070] Corresponding to the control method of a power-heat-hydrogen-storage integrated energy system in the above embodiment, Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of an electric-heat-hydrogen-storage integrated energy system provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown. For ease of explanation, only the parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown.

[0071] See also Figure 3 In an embodiment of the present invention, an electric-heat-hydrogen-storage integrated energy system may include: a photovoltaic power generation module, a supercapacitor, a hydrogen storage module, a heat storage module, a municipal power grid module, a user electric load module and a user thermal load module; the photovoltaic power generation module is respectively connected to the supercapacitor, the hydrogen storage module, the heat storage module and the user electric load module; the supercapacitor is respectively connected to the photovoltaic power generation module and the user electric load module; the hydrogen storage module is respectively connected to the photovoltaic power generation module, the heat storage module, the user electric load module and the user thermal load module; the thermal storage module is respectively connected to the photovoltaic power generation module, the hydrogen storage module and the user thermal load module; the municipal power grid module is connected to the user electric load module.

[0072] like Figure 3 As shown, the hydrogen storage module includes an electrolyzer, a hydrogen storage tank and a fuel cell. The fuel cell and the electrolyzer both generate heat when working. The electrolyzer is connected to the hydrogen storage tank, and the hydrogen storage tank is connected to the fuel cell.

[0073] The heat storage module includes a heat storage tank and an electric boiler. The electric boiler is used to convert electrical energy into thermal energy to provide heating for users, and the heat storage tank is used to store the surplus electrical energy generated by the electric boiler.

[0074] Optionally, heat energy is transported between the electrolyzer, the fuel cell, the user's heat load and the heat storage tank through a water pipe. Heat energy is also transported between the electric boiler, the user's heat load and the heat storage tank, and between the heat storage tank and the user's heat load through a water pipe.

[0075] In this application, the municipal power grid module is used to provide emergency power supply when the photovoltaic power generation module, hydrogen storage module, heat storage module, and supercapacitor are not sufficient to support the user's power load.

[0076] By adding a device capable of transferring heat energy between the hydrogen storage module, the user heat load module and the heat storage module, the heat energy generated by the energy storage module during operation can be reused as a supplement to the heat storage module and the user heat load, thereby avoiding the waste of heat energy and effectively improving the energy utilization rate of the integrated energy system.

[0077] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described or recorded in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0078] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the templates, units, and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present invention.

[0079] If the module / unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the present invention implements all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment method, and can also be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it can implement the steps of the above-mentioned control method embodiment of each electric-heat-hydrogen-storage integrated energy system. Among them, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code can be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device that can carry the computer program code, recording medium, U disk, mobile hard disk, disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory, random access memory, electrical carrier signal, telecommunication signal and software distribution medium.

[0080] The embodiments described above are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. Such modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A control method for an electric-heat-hydrogen-storage integrated energy system, characterized in that: include: Obtaining the real-time operating status of the integrated energy system and the real-time energy storage status of each energy storage device in the integrated energy system; Determine the real-time differential power of the integrated energy system based on the real-time operating status, and divide the real-time differential power to obtain an initial real-time frequency division result; Within a preset period, based on the real-time energy storage state of each energy storage device, a plurality of preset frequency division adjustment schemes and the initial real-time frequency division result, a plurality of final operating states of the integrated energy system are obtained; The multiple final operating states are screened to obtain a target final operating state, a preset frequency division adjustment scheme corresponding to the target final operating state is determined as a target frequency division adjustment scheme, and a control scheme of the integrated energy system is determined based on the target frequency division adjustment scheme and the real-time operating state.

2. The control method of the electric-heat-hydrogen-storage integrated energy system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The final operating states of the multiple integrated energy systems are obtained within the preset period based on the real-time energy storage state of each energy storage device, multiple preset frequency division adjustment schemes and the initial real-time frequency division result, including: Within a preset period, adjusting the initial real-time frequency division result based on the real-time energy storage state of each energy storage device and each preset frequency division adjustment scheme to obtain a real-time frequency division result; The integrated energy system is controlled to operate according to the real-time frequency division result, and the final operating state of the integrated energy system is collected.

3. The control method of the electric-heat-hydrogen-storage integrated energy system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of adjusting the initial real-time frequency division result based on the real-time energy storage state of each energy storage device and each preset frequency division adjustment scheme within the preset period to obtain the real-time frequency division result includes: Determine the target energy storage device for each preset frequency division adjustment scheme; For each preset crossover adjustment scheme, perform the following steps: Determining whether to start the preset frequency division adjustment scheme based on the real-time energy storage state of the target energy storage device corresponding to the preset frequency division adjustment scheme; If the preset frequency division adjustment scheme is started, the initial real-time frequency division result of each energy storage device is adjusted based on the preset frequency division adjustment scheme to obtain a real-time frequency division result; If the preset frequency division adjustment scheme is not started, the initial frequency division result is not adjusted, and the initial real-time frequency division result is determined as the real-time frequency division result.

4. The control method of the electric-heat-hydrogen-storage integrated energy system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The determining the real-time differential power of the integrated energy system based on the real-time operating state, and dividing the real-time differential power to obtain an initial real-time frequency division result, includes: Based on the real-time operating status, determine the real-time power generation data of new energy in the integrated energy system and the real-time power load data of users; Based on the real-time power generation data of the new energy and the real-time power load data of the user, the real-time differential power of the integrated energy system is determined.

5. The control method of the electric-heat-hydrogen-storage integrated energy system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening of the multiple final operating states to obtain a target final operating state includes: Obtaining an initial operating state of the integrated energy system; For each final operating state, determine the final energy storage state of each energy storage device in the final operating state, and based on the final energy storage state of each energy storage device and the initial energy storage state of each energy storage device, determine the similarity between the final operating state and the initial operating state; The final operating state with the highest similarity is determined as the target final operating state.

6. The control method of the electric-heat-hydrogen-storage integrated energy system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step of determining, for each preset frequency division adjustment scheme, whether to start the preset frequency division adjustment scheme based on the real-time energy storage state of the target energy storage device corresponding to the preset frequency division adjustment scheme, includes: For each preset crossover adjustment scheme, perform the following steps: Determine a first target energy storage state and a second target energy storage state of a target energy storage device corresponding to the frequency division adjustment scheme; the SOC value corresponding to the first target energy storage state is greater than the SOC value corresponding to the second target state; Compare the SOC value corresponding to the real-time energy storage state of the target energy storage device with the SOC value corresponding to the first target energy storage state and the SOC value corresponding to the second target energy storage state; If the SOC value corresponding to the real-time energy storage state is greater than the SOC value corresponding to the first target energy storage state, or is less than the SOC value corresponding to the second target energy storage state, the preset frequency division adjustment scheme is started.

7. The control method of the electric-heat-hydrogen-storage integrated energy system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The target energy storage device includes at least one of a hydrogen storage tank, a heat storage tank, and a supercapacitor; The preset frequency division adjustment scheme includes: For each target energy storage device, perform the following steps: If the SOC value corresponding to the real-time energy storage state of the target energy storage device is greater than the SOC value corresponding to the first target energy storage state, and the real-time difference power is greater than 0, the corresponding frequency division component of the target energy storage device is reduced, and the corresponding frequency division components of the remaining energy storage devices in the integrated energy system are increased; If the SOC value corresponding to the real-time energy storage state of the target energy storage device is greater than the SOC value corresponding to the first target energy storage state, and the real-time difference power is less than 0, the corresponding frequency division component of the target energy storage device is increased, and the corresponding frequency division components of the remaining energy storage devices in the integrated energy system are reduced; If the SOC value corresponding to the real-time energy storage state of the target energy storage device is less than the SOC value corresponding to the second target energy storage state, and the real-time difference power is greater than 0, the corresponding frequency division component of the target energy storage device is increased, and the corresponding frequency division components of the remaining energy storage devices in the integrated energy system are reduced; If the SOC value corresponding to the real-time energy storage state of the target energy storage device is less than the SOC value corresponding to the second target energy storage state, and the real-time difference power is less than 0, the corresponding frequency division component of the target energy storage device is reduced, and the corresponding frequency division components of the remaining energy storage devices in the integrated energy system are increased.

8. The control method of the electric-heat-hydrogen-storage integrated energy system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of determining a control scheme for the integrated energy system based on the target frequency division adjustment scheme and the real-time operating status includes: Taking the optimal energy storage state of each energy storage device in the integrated energy system as the goal, optimizing the model predictive control algorithm based on the target preset frequency division adjustment scheme; Based on the real-time operating status and the optimized model predictive control algorithm, a control scheme for the integrated energy system is determined.

9. The control method of the electric-heat-hydrogen-storage integrated energy system according to claim 8, characterized in that: Determining the control scheme of the integrated energy system based on the real-time operating status and the optimized model predictive control algorithm includes: Input the real-time operating status into the optimized model predictive control algorithm; After each operation cycle of the optimized model predictive control algorithm ends, based on all the operation status data input in the ended operation cycle, the prediction data and control scheme of the integrated energy system in the future multiple operation cycles are obtained.

10. An electric-heat-hydrogen-storage integrated energy system, characterized in that: The integrated energy system is applied to the method described in any one of claims 1 to 9, and the system includes: a photovoltaic power generation module, a supercapacitor, a hydrogen storage module, a heat storage module, a municipal power grid module, a user electric load module and a user thermal load module; the photovoltaic power generation module is respectively connected to the supercapacitor, the hydrogen storage module, the heat storage module and the user electric load module; the supercapacitor is respectively connected to the photovoltaic power generation module and the user electric load module; the hydrogen storage module is respectively connected to the photovoltaic power generation module, the heat storage module, the user electric load module and the user thermal load module; the thermal storage module is respectively connected to the photovoltaic power generation module, the hydrogen storage module and the user thermal load module; the municipal power grid module is connected to the user electric load module.

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