Asphalt-containing mixture, method for production thereof and use thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to asphalt mixtures, to a method for the production thereof and to the use thereof.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to novel bituminous mixtures, a process for their production and their use. Prior art

[0002] Bitumen is an important binder in asphalt, which is used together with rock aggregates in road construction to strengthen the pavement, in building construction for floor coverings, in water conservancy projects and also in landfill construction for waterproofing.

[0003] In road construction with conventional hot mix applications, heated asphalt releases emissions (vapors, aerosols), the amount of which depends on the composition of the asphalt and the temperature. The gases emitted are mainly alkanes, olefins and lighter aromatic compounds (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene). In addition, depending on the asphalt or the crude oil from which it is derived, they may also contain, for example, 0.1%-5% of sulfur-containing hydrocarbons (Volatile Emissions from Hot Bitumen Storage Tanks, Francois Deygout, SHELL Bitumen, published online on June 1, 2010 in Wiley Online Library DOI 10.1002 / ep.10444). The higher the temperature of the asphalt during road construction, the higher the concentration of released vapors and aerosols. As a rule of thumb, reducing the temperature by 10 K halves the emissions, so reducing the temperature by 30 K results in an energy saving of 9 kWh per ton of asphalt mix (asphaltguidelines “Lower-temperature asphalts” of the German Asphalt Association, April 2009, 52 pages, p. 7).

[0004] The German Hazardous Substances Committee has adopted a 1.5 mg / m 3 workplace limit values.

[0005] Therefore, the aim must be to keep the temperature of the hot asphalt as low as technically possible during road construction, both on the basis of health and environmental protection. The key element here is the bitumen, by means of which the processing temperature of the asphalt can normally be controlled.

[0006] On the one hand, this can be achieved in asphalt by mineral additives such as zeolites (which form foamed asphalt by releasing water vapor) or by viscosity-reducing additives or "chemical" additives such as waxes or amines (Shell Bitumen Handbook, 6th edition, page 406). However, these additives have disadvantages. Releasing water vapor from mineral additives consumes heat energy, amines as additives are harmful substances with considerable aquatic toxicity, and waxes cause brittleness at low temperatures due to crystallization (Value-Added Opportunities for Conventional and Atypical Asphalt Binders and Asphaltenes Derived from Alberta Oil Sands in Road Construction [Value-Added Opportunities for Conventional and Atypical Asphalt Binders and Asphaltenes Derived from Alberta Oil Sands in Road Construction, Alberta Innovates File [Alberta Innovation File] AI 2515, Public Final Report [Public Final Report], submitted on: January 15, 2021).

[0007] An alternative to this could be, for example, glycerides, preferably triglycerides, in combination with fatty acids, as have been described in WO 2016 / 073442 as bitumen substitutes or adjuvants to improve polymer solubility. However, a disadvantage here is their low effectiveness.

[0008] EP-A 3262083 describes oils from renewable raw materials for road construction, which are polymerized by sulphurization. This uses oils or esters from renewable raw materials, which have a sulphur content of 0.001% to 8% by weight. A disadvantage here is also the low effectiveness of triglycerides.

[0009] Purpose of the Invention

[0010] Starting from the described prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide improved bituminous mixtures with additives having correspondingly better properties, with which additives the processing temperature of the hot asphalt can be kept as low as possible during road construction.

[0011] It has surprisingly been found that this object can be achieved with a mixture which, in addition to bitumen, contains at least one sulfurized C5-C 30 Fatty acids and / or esters thereof with monofunctional C1-C8 alcohols, the sulphurised fatty acids and / or esters thereof having a sulphur content of 1 to 29% by weight and a proportion of di- and / or triesters of ≤5% by weight.

[0012] Subject matter of the invention

[0013] The present invention provides a mixture comprising bitumen and at least one sulfurized C5-C 30 Fatty acids and / or at least one sulfurized fatty acid and a C1-C8 alkyl ester of a monofunctional C1-C8 alcohol, the sulfurized fatty acid and / or its alkyl ester having a sulfur content of 1 to 29% by weight and a proportion of di- and / or triesters of ≤5% by weight.

[0014] The function of about 4%-7% of asphalt constituting the road surface is that of a binder for the rock. This binder gives the asphalt internal cohesion. Therefore, it is very important because the asphalt adheres to the rock surface with high adhesion.

[0015] Bitumen refers to a mixture of various organic substances occurring naturally or obtained by distillation from crude oil. Due to its biological origin, bitumen consists mainly of carbon and hydrogen. It is a dark, complex mixture of organic substances with low volatility, whose viscoelastic behavior varies with temperature.

[0016] For purposes of the present invention, bitumen can be any type of bitumen or bituminous material. For example, it can include naturally occurring bitumen, bitumen obtained in the processing of crude oil and / or other heavy hydrocarbons, or bitumen produced synthetically in addition. Bitumen that can be used for purposes of the present invention is any commercial bitumen type, for example 50 / 70 or 70 / 100 type road asphalt. It preferably includes road asphalt according to DIN EN 12591.

[0017] The bitumen may, for example, have a viscosity of about 30-500 Pa·s at 60° C., measured according to DIN EN 12596. In addition, the bitumen may preferably have a permeability of about 20-220 (in units of 0.1 mm) at 25° C., measured according to DIN EN 1426, standard test method for penetration of bituminous materials (Siegen University Highway Research Institute, teaching material for road construction technology part 1, 2018).

[0018] For the purposes of the present invention, sulfurized C5-C 30The fatty acids are preferably aliphatic monocarboxylic acids from triglycerides obtained from natural oils such as palm oil, sunflower oil, corn oil, soybean oil, linseed oil, rapeseed oil, tung oil, castor oil, tall oil, cottonseed oil, peanut oil, safflower oil, and / or corn distillers grains oil and sulfided by reaction with elemental sulfur and optionally hydrogen sulfide. The reaction with elemental sulfur and optionally hydrogen sulfide preferably takes place at a temperature of 120° C. to 180° C.

[0019] The C1-C8 alkyl esters from sulphurized fatty acids and monofunctional C1-C8 alcohols are preferably sulphurized products of the reaction of the above fatty acids from palm oil, sunflower oil, corn oil, soybean oil, linseed oil, rapeseed oil, tung oil, castor oil, tall oil, cottonseed oil, peanut oil, safflower oil, and / or corn distillers grains oil with methanol and / or ethanol. The preparation of the C1-C8 alkyl esters preferably takes place at a temperature of> 40°C.

[0020] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sulfurized C5-C 30 The fatty acid and / or its ester with a monofunctional C1-C8 alcohol is a compound of formula (I)

[0021]

[0022] in

[0023] n=0-8,

[0024] R 1 =H, C1-C8 alkyl, preferably C1 or C2 alkyl,

[0025] R 2 =H, C1-C8 alkyl, preferably C1 or C2 alkyl,

[0026] x = 0-10, preferably 4-6,

[0027] y = 0-10, preferably 4-6, and

[0028] z=independently 0-20, preferably 7-9,

[0029] and / or a compound of formula (II)

[0030]

[0031] in

[0032] a=0-26, preferably 10-14,

[0033] b = 0-3, preferably 0, and

[0034] R = H, C1-C8 alkyl, preferably C1 or C2 alkyl.

[0035] For the purposes of the present invention, the C1-C8 alkyl esters from sulphurized fatty acids and monofunctional C1-C8 alcohols are particularly preferably methyl or ethyl esters and most preferably methyl esters.

[0036] Preference is given to using sulphurized C1-C8 alkyl esters, preferably sulphurized methyl esters of fatty acids of vegetable or animal origin, such as oleic acid.

[0037] When the sulfurized C5-C 30 When fatty acids and / or esters thereof are used together with monofunctional C1-C8 alcohols, a ratio of 50:50 to 10:90 is preferred.

[0038] Sulfurized C5-C 30 The sulfur content of the fatty acids and / or their esters with monofunctional C1-C8 alcohols is based on the sulfurized C5-C8 30 The fatty acid and / or its alkyl ester is preferably 9%-29% by weight, more preferably 10 to 27% by weight, most preferably 10%-20% by weight.

[0039] It is further preferred that in the sulfurized C5-C 30 The proportion of di- and / or triglycerides in fatty acids and / or esters thereof with monofunctional C1-C8 alcohols is <0.8% by weight, more preferably between 0.001% and 0.75% by weight, based on the fatty acids or their alkyl esters.

[0040] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sulfurized C5-C 30 Fatty acids and / or esters thereof with monofunctional C1-C8 alcohols have a molecular weight of <880 g·mol -1 , more preferably between 350 and 750 g·mol -1 More preferably, 450 to 680 g·mol -1 The reported values ​​for the number average molar mass Mn are based on the determination of the molecular weights of the aqueous phase by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) at 40°C using an RI detector with tetrahydrofuran (THF) as eluent and a "PSS-SDV" column combination from the supplier PSS as stationary phase (molecular weight range: between 100 and 10 000 g / mol; column length 300 mm; column diameter 8 mm; particle size 5 μm; pore sizes: 100, 500 and ) and the gel permeation chromatograph was calibrated with polystyrene standards.

[0041] The amount of sulphurised fatty acids and / or their esters with monofunctional C1-C8 alcohols in the bitumen is preferably 0.01% to 25% by weight, preferably 1% to 10% by weight.

[0042] In a further embodiment of the invention, the bitumen used comprises vulcanized rubber, preferably vulcanized rubber from shredded tires, which is preferably treated with a dialkyl polysulfide of formula (III) before incorporation into the mixture of the invention

[0043] R 3 -S d -R 4 (III)

[0044] Where R 3 and R 4 can be the same or different and represent a straight or branched C1-C 18 alkyl, and d represents a number from 3 to 12, preferably 8. In a further embodiment of the present invention, the dialkyl polysulfide of formula (III) is preferably dioctyl pentasulfide and / or dioctyl tetrasulfide, more preferably dioctyl pentasulfide and / or dioctyl tetrasulfide having a branched C8 alkyl group.

[0045] The dialkyl polysulfide is preferably used in an amount of 1.5 to 3% by weight, more preferably 1.7 to 2.5% by weight, based on the vulcanizate.

[0046] The vulcanizates are sulfur-crosslinked rubbers based on polydienes of group R, including natural rubber (NR), butadiene rubber (BR), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) and butyl rubber (IIR), vulcanized products of rubbers from group M with a polymer backbone having several double bonds or no double bonds, including ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM), and mixtures of the mentioned rubbers of groups R and M. Particular preference is given to using rubber tires as a source of the vulcanizate.

[0047] The cured rubber, preferably the rubber tire, is preferably used with a particle size of 0.15 to 3 mm, more preferably 0.2-1 mm. For such use, it may be necessary to pulverize the cured rubber. This is ideally achieved using a shredder and a mill and / or a cutter. For this purpose, it is preferred to use a double-shaft shredder and a cutting mill.

[0048] In treating the cured rubber with the dialkyl polysulfide of formula (III), the rubber is decured by breaking the sulphur bridges, thereby improving the solubility in the bitumen. The treatment preferably takes place at a temperature of 130° C. to 150° C. The resulting mixture is then preferably heat treated for less than 20 minutes and then mixed with the bitumen.

[0049] The amount of dialkyl polysulfide of formula (III) in the vulcanizate for cleaving the sulphur bridges is preferably 1.5 to 3% by weight, more preferably 1.7 to 2.5% by weight, based on the amount of the vulcanizate.

[0050] The cleavage of the sulfur bridges in the vulcanizate with the dialkylpolysulfide of the formula (III) is preferably carried out according to the process described in EP-A-3771727. In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the metered addition of the dialkylpolysulfide to the vulcanizate preferably takes place via a nozzle.

[0051] In addition, the present invention further provides a process for producing the mixture according to the invention, wherein at least one sulfurized C5-C 30 Fatty acids and / or esters thereof with monofunctional C1-C8 alcohols having a sulfur content of 1 to 29% by weight, preferably 8-29% by weight, more preferably 10-27% by weight and most preferably 10-20% by weight and a proportion of glycerol di- and / or triesters of ≤5% by weight and optionally dialkyl polysulfide of formula (III) and cured rubber or rubber decured with dialkyl polysulfide are mixed with bitumen at a temperature of 100°C to 200°C.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sulfurized C5-C 30 Fatty acids and / or esters thereof with monofunctional C1-C8 alcohols are compounds of formula (I) and / or (II).

[0053] The mixing is preferably carried out under mechanical stress. For the purposes of the present invention, mechanical stress means the use of a mixing unit, such as preferably an extruder, an internal mixer, a high-pressure homogenizer, such as in particular a high-shear mixing device, for example Kneaders and / or roll mills. In industrial scale operations, the use of extruders and / or internal mixers is particularly preferred, without particular restrictions on the type of extruder and / or internal mixer. On a laboratory scale, high shear mixing devices, such as Alternatively an anchor stirrer with at least two paddles.

[0054] Additional Subject Matter of the Invention

[0055] The invention further provides an asphalt mixture comprising rock and the mixture according to the invention.

[0056] For the purposes of the present invention, an asphalt mixture is a natural or industrially produced mixture comprising bitumen and rock (rock aggregate). This is preferably used in road construction to strengthen the pavement, in building construction for floor covering, hydraulic engineering and landfill construction for waterproofing. The mixing ratio is preferably 90%-95% rock / rock aggregate by weight to about 5%-10% bitumen by weight. However, this ratio can be changed in an upward or downward direction. The amount of bitumen added (called binder content) and the hardness (i.e. the type of binder) significantly change the behavior of the material.

[0057] For the purposes of the present invention, rocks are preferably natural rock aggregates, preferably according to DIN EN 13043, which have preferably undergone mechanical preparation, such as crushing and screening.

[0058] The rock aggregates used for asphalt mixtures for the construction of traffic surfaces must meet the requirements of DIN EN 13043 and TL Gestein-StB 04 [German technical conditions of supply for rock aggregates in road construction]. The asphalt top layer mixture consists, for example, of rock aggregates with a maximum particle size of up to 16 mm.

[0059] The requirements for rock aggregates are defined in particular in DIN 18196 “Earthworks and foundations-Soil classification for civil engineering purposes” and TL Gestein-StB, 2004 edition (page 11).

[0060] The rock is preferably present in uncomminuted form (as round particles), in particular as gravel, sand, crushed stone and chips, or in comminuted form.

[0061] The amount of rock is preferably up to 95% by weight, preferably 90 to 95% by weight, based on the total amount of bitumen.

[0062] Regarding the bitumen used in the asphalt mixture of the present invention and the sulfurized C5-C 30 Fatty acids and / or their esters with monofunctional C1-C8 alcohols. Reference is made to the statements above regarding the mixtures according to the invention.

[0063] In one embodiment, the asphalt mixture of the invention comprises further added substances and / or fillers, such as fibrous materials, or metal compounds / salts, such as organozinc compounds / salts, acting inter alia as sulphide scavengers and thus as odour reducers.

[0064] In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the asphalt mixture has the following composition:

[0065] Asphalt: 4%-8% by weight,

[0066] Rock: 80%-96% by weight,

[0067] Sulfurized C5-C 30Fatty acids and / or esters thereof with monofunctional C1-C8 alcohols: 0.001%-2% by weight, preferably 0.1% to 1% by weight, and

[0068] Optional additional substances and / or fillers: 0-20% by weight, and

[0069] Optionally a vulcanized rubber is preferably treated with a dialkyl polysulfide of the formula (III), the sum of these components reaching 100% by weight.

[0070] In addition, the present invention further provides a process for producing an inventive asphalt mixture, wherein at least the inventive mixture is mixed with rock at a temperature of 100° C. to 200° C. The dialkyl polysulfide of formula (III) is preferably added to the rubber in a separate step, after which the rubber thus treated is mixed with the bitumen.

[0071] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sulfurized C5-C 30 The C1-C8 alkyl esters of fatty acids and / or sulphurised fatty acids with monofunctional C1-C8 alcohols are compounds of formula (I) and / or (II).

[0072] The mixing is preferably carried out under mechanical stress in an asphalt mixing unit. A continuous or discontinuous mixing process can be used here, and the units employed can be stationary, easily movable or on castors.

[0073] The invention further provides for the use of an inventive asphalt mixture as a binder for rock aggregates in asphalt in road construction, preferably as a pavement.

[0074] The present invention further provides a method comprising bitumen and at least one sulfurized C5-C 30 Use of a mixture of fatty acids and / or their esters with monofunctional C1-C8 alcohols having a sulfur content of 1 to 29% by weight, preferably 8-29% by weight, more preferably 10-27% by weight and most preferably 10-20% by weight and a proportion of di- and / or triglycerides of ≤5% by weight for reducing the processing temperature of asphalt.

[0075] The present invention will be more specifically described with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is by no means limited to the examples.

[0076] Experimental Examples :

[0077] The following mixture was used:

[0078] Road asphalt 50 / 70 from Shell AG.

[0079] Asphalt mixture of type AC 11D S: Asphalt concrete with rhyolite type rock (quartz porphyry) with an upper particle size of 11 mm for the top layer (D) with heavy stress (S)

[0080] As a vulcanization additive:

[0081] Additive 1) Sulfurized methyl ester of rapeseed fatty acid: S content: 17% by weight, kinematic viscosity: 55 mm at 40°C 2 / s, di- / triglycerides ≤ 1% by weight, about 600 g·mol -1 The number average molar mass Mn,

[0082] Additive 2) Sulfurized palm oil: S content: 6% by weight, triglyceride content: >90% by weight, kinematic viscosity: 250 mm at 40°C 2 / s, produced in the laboratory according to the teaching of EP-A-3262083, about 890 g·mol -1 The number average molar mass Mn,

[0083] Additive 3) Sulfurized rapeseed oil: S content: 15% by weight, triglyceride content: >90% by weight, kinematic viscosity: 300 mm at 40°C 2 / s, about 890 g·mol -1 The number average molar mass Mn,

[0084] Additive 4) Sulfurized oleic acid: S content: 15%, di- / triglyceride content: <1% by weight, kinematic viscosity: 500 mm at 40°C 2 / s, about 490 g·mol -1 The number average molar mass Mn

[0085] The number-average molar mass Mn was measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) at 40°C using an RI detector with tetrahydrofuran (THF) as eluent and a "PSS-SDV" column combination from the supplier PSS as stationary phase (molecular weight range: between 100 and 10 000 g / mol; column length 300 mm; column diameter 8 mm; particle size 5 μm; pore sizes: 100, 500 and ) was measured and the gel permeation chromatograph was calibrated with polystyrene standards.

[0086] Example 1: Testing using the Bitumen Type Rapid Procedure (BTSV)

[0087] In the following experiments, various additives were added to 50 / 70 road asphalt in different proportions and tested using the Rapid Asphalt Sizing Procedure (BTSV). The BTSV procedure enables the differentiation of modified and unmodified asphalts within the upper range of service temperatures. The two key parameters of the BTSV are temperature, T BTSV , for which the complex shear modulus G* is 15 kPa, and the associated phase angle δ BTSV .

[0088] The measurement was carried out according to European test standard EN 14770, but instead of the isothermal conditions described therein, the temperature was steadily increased from 20° C. to 90° C. during the measurement (ΔT=1.2 K / min, difference from the ring and ball softening point is 5 K / min). The oscillatory deformation was set to a frequency of 1.59 Hz.

[0089] The mixture was produced as follows: In the following experiment, the above-mentioned sulfurized additives 1) and 3) were added to a 50 / 70 type road asphalt in the proportions shown in the table. For this purpose, the 50 / 70 type asphalt was heated to 170° C., the appropriate additives according to the table were added while stirring, and the mixture was then stirred for a further 20 minutes. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0090] Table 1: BTSV measurement results of added asphalt: Comparison

[0091]

[0092] inv. = present invention, comp. = comparative example

[0093] As can be seen from these examples, the mixture according to the invention significantly reduces T BTSV It is also very suitable for reducing the processing temperature of hot asphalt. It should also be noted that the phase angle δ BTSV A typical value of about 83° is exhibited.

[0094] Example 2: Determination of compaction temperature, bulk density and Marshall compaction temperature

[0095] For 2.302[g / cm 3The compaction temperature and the bulk density and the Marshall compaction temperature inferred therefrom were determined according to the Technical Test Conditions (TP) for Asphalt for Road Construction, FGSV No. 756, Part 30: Production of Marshall test specimens using the Marshall compaction apparatus (MVG) and also the "Information sheet for temperature lowering inasphalt" of FGSV [German Road and Transport Research Association], 2011 edition. The tests used an asphalt mixture of type AC 11D S (which corresponds to asphalt concrete with a rock grain size of 11 mm for a heavily stressed top layer) and a 50 / 70 type road bitumen or a variant thereof as a binder, added as described above. Compacting temperatures of 100° C., 110° C., 135° C. and 150° C. were selected, with 135° C. being used as a reference for compaction without additives. Each side of the test specimen was exposed to 50 compaction strokes. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0096] Table 2:

[0097]

[0098]

[0099] inv. = present invention, comp. = comparative example

[0100] As can be seen, the temperature reduction effect during compaction is very significant when using the sulfurized methyl esters of rapeseed fatty acids and sulfurized oleic acid employed according to the invention. Here, reductions of >30 K (sulfurized methyl esters) and >20 K (sulfurized oleic acid) are achieved; in the case of sulfurized rapeseed oil and palm oil, the effect at otherwise identical dosage levels is only half. The use of the mixtures according to the invention results in asphalt mixtures having significantly reduced emissions and correspondingly improved health protection during road construction.

Claims

1. A mixture comprising bitumen and at least one sulfurized C5-C 30 Fatty acids and / or esters thereof with monofunctional C1-C8 alcohols, the sulphurised fatty acids and / or esters thereof having a sulphur content of 1 to 29% by weight and a proportion of di- and / or triesters of ≤5% by weight.

2. The mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that These mixtures contain as sulphurized fatty acids and / or their esters: compounds of formula (I) in n＝0-8， R 1 =H, C1-C3 alkyl, R 2 =H, C1-C3 alkyl, x＝0-10， y＝0-10， z = independently 0-20 and / or a compound of formula (II) in a＝0-26， b = 0-3, and R=H, C1-C8 alkyl.

3. The mixture according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The sulfurized C5-C 30 Fatty acids are aliphatic monocarboxylic acids derived from triglycerides obtained from natural oils such as palm oil, sunflower oil, corn oil, soybean oil, linseed oil, rapeseed oil, tung oil, castor oil, tall oil, cottonseed oil, peanut oil, safflower oil, and / or corn distillers grains oil and sulfurized by reaction with elemental sulfur and optionally hydrogen sulfide.

4. The mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The sulfurized C5-C 30 The proportion of sulfur in the fatty acids and / or their esters with monofunctional C1-C8 alcohols is 8-29% by weight, preferably 10-27% by weight and more preferably 10-20% by weight.

5. The mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The sulfurized C5-C 30 Fatty acids and / or esters thereof with monofunctional C1-C8 alcohols have a molecular weight of <880 g·mol -1 , more preferably between 350 and 750 g·mol -1 More preferably, 450 to 680 g·mol -1 The number average molar mass Mn.

6. The mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The proportion of di- and / or triglycerides is based on the sulfurized C5-C 30 Fatty acids and / or their esters with monofunctional C1-C8 alcohols are between 0.001% and 0.75% by weight.

7. The mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that Therein is stirred a vulcanized rubber which, before being incorporated, has been treated with a dialkyl polysulfide of formula (III) R 3 -S d -R 4 (III), Where R 3 and R 4 can be the same or different and represent a straight or branched C1-C 18 An alkyl group, and d represents a number from 3 to 12.

8. A method for producing a mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that bitumen is mixed at a temperature of 100°C to 200°C with at least one sulfurized C5-C 30 Fatty acids and / or esters thereof with monofunctional C1-C8 alcohols, having a sulfur content of 8 to 29% by weight and a proportion of glycerol di- and / or triesters of ≤5% by weight, and optionally dialkyl polysulfides of the formula (III) are mixed with the vulcanizate.

9. An asphalt mixture comprising rock and a mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A method for producing an asphalt mixture according to claim 9, characterized in that at least one mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is mixed with the rock at a temperature of 100°C to 200°C.

11. Use of a mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in road construction and as pavement.

12. Use of a mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 7 for reducing the processing temperature of asphalt.

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