Device for releasing insecticidal microorganisms and natural enemies through forest unmanned aerial vehicle and use method of device

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for releasing insecticidal microorganisms and natural enemies by a forest unmanned aerial vehicle and a use method thereof, and relates to the technical field of pest control, the device comprises a box groove, a three-fork flying wing is arranged above the box groove, the box groove is hung below the three-fork flying wing, and a clamping groove cover plate is slidably inserted in the front surface of the box groove; the wooden box groove is used as a carrier for releasing biocontrol natural enemies and microorganisms, meanwhile, the design of the wooden three-fork flying wings is combined, the box groove can be matched with unmanned aerial vehicle releasing, precise and targeted releasing is achieved, waste caused by large-area spraying is avoided, the interior of the box groove can provide a safe space for biocontrol living bodies such as the natural enemies, continuous targeted releasing is achieved, and the biocontrol living bodies are protected from being damaged. Compared with a traditional unmanned aerial vehicle high-altitude direct spraying mode, the releasing method adopted by the invention is simple, convenient and low in cost, compared with other prevention and control methods, the manual labor is greatly reduced, on one hand, the safety of biocontrol natural enemies and microorganisms is ensured, and on the other hand, the targeting and accuracy of unmanned aerial vehicle release are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pest control, and in particular to a device for releasing insecticidal microorganisms and natural enemies by a forest drone and a method of using the device. Background Art

[0002] Forest pests refer to the damage to trees and their growth environment caused by various insects in the forest ecosystem. These insects may attack the roots, stems, branches, leaves or fruit seeds of trees, resulting in stunted growth, reduced productivity, and even death of trees. Forest pests not only affect the health and beauty of forests, but may also have serious impacts on forestry production, ecological environment and human life. There are many types of forest pests, which can be divided into several major categories according to their attack parts and habits, such as root pests, stem pests, branch pests, leaf pests and fruit seed pests.

[0003] The occurrence of forest pests has its own particularity. Usually, the slopes in mountainous areas are steep and there are no roads, and transport vehicles cannot reach the forest area directly. Once pests and diseases occur in forest-covered areas, it is difficult to use vehicles to transport control agents to the site for control operations. The traditional model uses aircraft control and large-scale spraying of chemical pesticides. Although the effect is good, it will cause serious environmental pollution. What is particularly serious is that chemical pesticides do not distinguish between friend and foe, and kill many natural control factors, such as natural enemy insects, causing pests to become rampant and occur continuously, with extremely serious ecological consequences. Therefore, the application of chemical control has been banned in many forest areas, especially in some nature reserves, natural forest areas and remote mountainous areas, where the use of chemical pesticides is usually prohibited.

[0004] At present, biological control and ecological regulation have become the main measures for the prevention and control of forest diseases and insect pests, but both biological control and ecological control products need to be delivered at fixed points. The rugged forest roads and inconvenient transportation often require manpower to carry them on one's back, which not only consumes a lot of manpower and material resources, but also makes it difficult to achieve effective prevention and control. In addition, steep slopes cannot be reached and control operations cannot be carried out at all. The application of drones has provided a new opportunity for the prevention and control of forest diseases and insect pests in mountainous areas. Control products can be delivered in a targeted manner using drones to overcome the problems of steep slopes and difficult roads.

[0005] In the prior art, there is a lack of effective technical means for directly using drones to deliver natural enemies, microorganisms or other biological control products. Direct spraying using drones at high altitudes often has poor targeting, is easy to drift with the wind, and is easily affected by factors such as weather and terrain. In particular, for living organisms such as natural enemies, direct spraying will not only have the above-mentioned disadvantages, but will also cause a large number of living organisms to die. There is an urgent need for a special release device to ensure the targeting and accuracy of drone delivery. Therefore, the present invention proposes a device for releasing insecticidal microorganisms and natural enemies by drones in forests and a method of using the device to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0006] In response to the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a device for releasing insecticidal microorganisms and natural enemies from unmanned aerial vehicles in the forest and a method of using the device, which solves the current problem that the direct spraying of biological control products by unmanned aerial vehicles often has poor targeting, is easy to drift with the wind, is easily affected by factors such as weather and terrain, and will cause a large number of living deaths in the forest.

[0007] In order to achieve the purpose of the present invention, the present invention is implemented through the following technical scheme: a device for releasing insecticidal microorganisms and natural enemies from a forest drone, comprising a magazine slot, a three-pronged wing is provided above the magazine slot, the magazine slot is suspended below the three-pronged wing, a slot cover is slidably inserted into the front of the magazine slot, a first partition is slidably inserted into the interior of the magazine slot, a second partition is slidably inserted into the interior of the magazine slot below the first partition, a third partition located below the second partition is slidably inserted into the bottom end of the interior of the magazine slot, a natural enemy accommodating hole is opened on the first partition, a microorganism accommodating hole is opened on the second partition, and a release hole is opened on the third partition.

[0008] A further improvement is that a hook is fixed to the bottom end of the three-pronged flying wing through a suspension rod, and a lifting ring adapted to the hook is fixed to the top end of the box slot.

[0009] A further improvement is that the three-pronged flying wing is made of wood material, and the three-pronged flying wing is composed of three groups of flying wing plates that are equidistantly distributed in a ring shape, and the three groups of flying wing plates are all inclined.

[0010] A further improvement is that an opening slot adapted to the slot cover is provided on the front of the magazine slot, first slide bars are fixed to the outer walls on both sides of the slot cover, and first slide slots adapted to the first slide bars are provided on the inner walls on both sides of the opening slot.

[0011] A further improvement is that second slide bars are fixed to the outer walls on both sides of the first partition and the second partition, and second slide grooves adapted to the second slide bars are opened on the inner walls on both sides of the box groove.

[0012] A further improvement is that third sliding bars are fixed to the outer walls on both sides of the third partition, and third sliding grooves adapted to the third sliding bars are opened at the lower parts of the inner walls on both sides of the box groove.

[0013] A further improvement is that: the natural enemy of harmful insects is placed in the natural enemy containing hole, insecticidal microorganisms are placed in the microorganism containing hole, and a filter is fixed on the inner side of the release hole.

[0014] A method for using a device for releasing insecticidal microorganisms and natural enemies by a forest drone comprises the following steps: firstly, a slot cover is pulled out from the front of a magazine slot to open the magazine slot, then, natural enemy organisms of pests are placed in natural enemy containing holes on a first partition, and insecticidal microorganisms are placed in microorganism containing holes on a second partition, then, the slot cover is inserted back into the front of the magazine slot to close the magazine slot, a hook at the bottom end of a three-pronged wing is hung in a ring at the top end of the magazine slot, then, the three-pronged wing and the magazine slot are carried by a drone, and when the drone flies to a forest pest area, the three-pronged wing and the magazine slot are dropped, so that the three-pronged wing and the magazine slot land in the forest, and then, the natural enemy organisms of pests and insecticidal microorganisms are released from the magazine slot through the release holes on the third partition to prevent and control forest pests.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention utilizes wooden box grooves as carriers for releasing biological control natural enemies and microorganisms, and at the same time, combined with the design of wooden three-pronged flying wings, it can be adapted to drone delivery, achieve precise and targeted delivery, and avoid waste caused by large-scale spraying. The interior of the box groove can provide a safe space for biological control living organisms such as natural enemies, and achieve continuous targeted release. Compared with the traditional drone high-altitude direct spraying method, the release method adopted by the present invention is simple, convenient, and low-cost. Compared with other prevention and control methods, manual labor is greatly reduced. On the one hand, the safety of biological control natural enemies and microorganisms is ensured, and on the other hand, the targeting and accuracy of drone delivery are ensured. At the same time, the device is adapted to drone delivery, is very suitable for use in mountainous forests, and will not cause environmental pollution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a front view of the device of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 is a bottom view of the device of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 is a top sectional view of a cassette slot of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a front cross-sectional view of a cassette slot of the present invention.

[0020] Among them: 1. box slot; 2. three-pronged flying wing; 3. slot cover; 4. first partition; 5. second partition; 6. third partition; 7. natural enemy containing hole; 8. microorganism containing hole; 9. release hole; 10. lifting rod; 11. lifting hook; 12. lifting ring; 13. opening slot; 14. first sliding bar; 15. first sliding groove; 16. second sliding bar; 17. second sliding groove; 18. third sliding bar; 19. third sliding groove; 201, flying wing plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] The natural enemy of pests used in this example is the Moser mites, purchased from Beijing Xianglin Jiaye Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0023] The insecticidal microorganism used in this example is an insect pathogenic fungus, which is a specific species of Verticillium lecanii Lecanici ll ium uredinophilum for detection in the forest. Sporulate on 1 / 4 Sabouraud medium at 20-25°C and 40-60% relative humidity. After 15-30 days, scrape conidia with a brush into a 1.5 mL centrifuge tube and collect pure spore powder for later use.

[0024] Embodiment 1

[0025] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4The present embodiment provides a device for releasing insecticidal microorganisms and natural enemies by a forest drone, comprising a box slot 1 with a closed top design and a three-pronged wing 2 located above the box slot 1. The bottom of the box slot 1 is open. The box slot 1 and the three-pronged wing 2 are both made of wood. The box slot 1 is 10 mm long, 10 mm wide, and 2 mm thick. The box slot 1 is suspended below the three-pronged wing 2. A card slot cover 3 for closing the box slot 1 is slidably inserted on the front of the box slot 1. The card slot cover 3 is 25 mm long, 6 mm wide, and 2 mm thick. A first partition 4 is slidably inserted at the top of the box slot 1 as a biological zone for pests and natural enemies. A second partition 5 is slidably inserted at the bottom of the box slot 1. The second partition 5 is located below the first partition 4 as an insecticidal microorganism zone. A card slot cover 3 for closing the box slot 1 is slidably inserted at the bottom of the box slot 1. A closed third partition 6, wherein the third partition 6 is located below the second partition 5, a natural enemy containing hole 7 for containing natural enemies of pests is provided on the first partition 4, a microorganism containing hole 8 for containing insecticidal microorganisms is provided on the second partition 5, the apertures of the natural enemy containing hole 7 and the microorganism containing hole 8 are both 1 mm, a release hole 9 for releasing natural enemies of pests and insecticidal microorganisms to the outside is provided on the third partition 6, the aperture of the release hole 9 is 2 mm, and a filter is fixed on the inside of the release hole 9. The filter can block larger organisms from the outside and prevent them from entering the box slot 1 to a certain extent. The slot cover 3, the first partition 4, the second partition 5 and the third partition 6 are all made of wood. The box slot 1 can provide a protective space for living organisms such as natural enemies of pests to avoid the loss of living organisms due to weather, other organisms and other factors.

[0026] A suspension rod 10 made of iron material is fixed to the bottom of the trident flying wing 2 by screws, and the length of the suspension rod 10 is 5 mm. A hook 11 is welded and fixed to the bottom of the suspension rod 10, and a lifting ring 12 made of iron material is fixed to the top of the box slot 1, and the hook 11 is adapted to the lifting ring 12, so that the box slot 11 is lifted under the trident flying wing 2. When fixing the lifting ring 12, a thin hole is punched in the center of the top of the box slot 11, and a thin iron wire is directly nailed in from the inside to the outside, and a small iron wire ring is twisted at the top of the box slot 1, which is the lifting ring 12.

[0027] The three-pronged flying wing 2 of this embodiment is spliced ​​and fixed by three groups of flying wing plates 201. The three groups of flying wing plates 201 are distributed equidistantly in a ring and are all inclined. The flying wing plates 201 are 20 mm long, 5 mm wide and 2 mm thick. The structural design of the three-pronged flying wing 2 can ensure the direction and stability of the box slot 1 during landing, and avoid the risk of breakage caused by free fall.

[0028] An opening slot 13 is provided on the front side of the magazine slot 1, and the opening slot 13 is adapted to the slot cover plate 3, the slot cover plate 3 is slidably inserted in the opening slot 13, first slide bars 14 are fixed to the left and right outer walls of the slot cover plate 3, first slide grooves 15 are provided on the left and right inner walls of the opening slot 13, and the first slide grooves 15 are adapted to the first slide bar 14, and the sliding insertion of the slot cover plate 3 in the opening slot 13 is realized through the cooperation of the first slide bar 14 and the first slide groove 15.

[0029] Second slide bars 16 are fixed to the left and right outer walls of the first partition 4 and the second partition 5, and second slide grooves 17 are opened on the left and right inner walls of the box slot 1, and the second slide grooves 17 are adapted to the second slide bars 16. The first partition 4 and the second partition 5 are slidably connected in the box slot 1 through the cooperation of the second slide grooves 17 and the second slide bars 16.

[0030] The third partition plate 6 is fixed with third slide bars 18 on the left and right outer walls, and the third slide grooves 19 are provided on the lower parts of the left and right inner walls of the box slot 1, and the third slide grooves 19 are adapted to the third slide bars 18, and the third partition plate 6 is slidably connected in the box slot 1 through the cooperation of the third slide bars 18 and the third slide grooves 19.

[0031] In this embodiment, the components are mostly made of wood materials, containing a small amount of iron materials, which can be naturally degraded in the forest, are pollution-free, green and environmentally friendly, and are very suitable for use in natural environments such as mountainous areas, forests, and protected areas.

[0032] The present embodiment also provides a method for using a device for releasing insecticidal microorganisms and natural enemies by a forest drone, comprising the following steps: first, pull out the slot cover 3 from the front of the box slot 1 to open the box slot 1, then put 50 mature Moser mites inflated bodies into the natural enemy containing holes 7 on the first partition 4, and put 0.1g of fungal spore powder into the microorganism containing holes 8 on the second partition 5, then insert the slot cover 3 back into the front of the box slot 1 to close the box slot 1, hang the hook 11 at the bottom end of the three-pronged flying wing 2 in the ring 12 at the top end of the box slot 1, and then use a drone to carry the three-pronged flying wing 2 and the box slot 1. When the drone flies to the forest pest area, it releases the three-pronged flying wing 2 and the box slot 1, so that the three-pronged flying wing 2 and the box slot 1 land in the forest, and then the pest natural enemies and insecticidal microorganisms are released from the box slot 1 from the release holes 9 on the third partition 6 to prevent and control the forest pests.

[0033] Embodiment 2

[0034] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that 100 mature Pleurotus erythrocytes are placed in the natural enemy containing hole 7 on the first partition plate 4 , and 0.2 g of fungal spore powder is placed in the microorganism containing hole 8 on the second partition plate 5 .

[0035] Embodiment 3

[0036] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that 150 mature Pleurotus erythrocytes of Moser mites are placed in the natural enemy containing hole 7 on the first partition plate 4 , and 0.3 g of fungal spore powder is placed in the microorganism containing hole 8 on the second partition plate 5 .

[0037] According to the practical methods of the above-mentioned embodiments 1, 2 and 3, the box slots 1 are respectively placed at fixed points in different forests in the mountainous area. Each embodiment is placed at three different locations (with an interval of more than 10 km), as three repetitions, and ten devices are placed at each location. Then, the forest survey sampling is carried out according to the following method to detect the accuracy of the placement and detect the released natural enemy mites and fungal spores. The specific steps are as follows:

[0038] 1) Release target accuracy detection: In order to more quickly determine the location of the release device, a wireless sensing chip is pre-installed in the device during the test to facilitate identification in the forest. The location of the device is carefully checked within a diameter of about 10m from the release location. If it is hung on the tree canopy, it is considered a successful release. If it falls to the ground and breaks or simply falls to the ground, it is considered an invalid release. If it exceeds the 10m diameter range of the release point, it is considered an invalid release.

[0039] 2) Testing of the release efficiency of Pleurotus eryngii: On the first, third and fifth days after release, test the section between 1 and 2 m of the tree trunk within 10 m of the release site. Brush the surface between 1 and 2 m of the tree trunk with a brush, sweep it into the soil sample belt, and bring it back to the laboratory to test the number of Pleurotus eryngii. If no Pleurotus eryngii is detected, it is considered an invalid release;

[0040] 3) Detection of the release effect of insecticidal microorganisms: The surface of the collected mites was rinsed with sterile water, and the rinse solution was collected and centrifuged at a speed of 5000 rpm / min to enrich the surface material, extract DNA, and then PCR amplify the ITS and EF1α fragments of the released Verticillium lecanii to determine whether it is a released strain. The strain confirmed by PCR test is an effective release, and the strain not detected or detected as other strains is an invalid release;

[0041] 4) Control test group: only empty hoppers were placed without natural enemies of pests and insecticidal microorganisms, and the above three tests were carried out simultaneously.

[0042] The test results are shown in Tables 1, 2 and 3 below:

[0043] Table 1 Release targeting accuracy test table

[0044] Processing Effectiveness / % Embodiment 1 95.5±3.6 Embodiment 2 98.2±8.1 Embodiment 3 92.6±5.4 Comparison Example 95.4±6.5

[0045] As can be seen from Table 1 above, by using a drone to drop the device of the present invention at a fixed location in the forest, no matter whether it carries natural enemies or microorganisms, it can be accurately targeted and dropped to the destination and effectively hung on the tree canopy. The targeting accuracy of the dropped device successfully hanging on the tree canopy is more than 90%, indicating that the device is suitable for drone delivery, has the advantages of accurate positioning, no drifting, and can be hung on branches when landing without falling to the ground and being damaged, and has good targeting and accuracy in different woodlands.

[0046] Table 2 Natural enemy biological release efficiency test table

[0047] Processing Effectiveness / % Embodiment 1 90.7±5.3 Embodiment 2 98.9±4.9 Embodiment 3 95.3±7.2 Comparison Example 0

[0048] As can be seen from Table 2 above, different embodiments can successfully release and release natural enemies. Samples were taken from the tree trunks and brought back to the laboratory for microscopic examination. Three embodiments successfully released Pyemotes, and the detection rate of Pyemotes can reach more than 95%, indicating that the device can successfully carry natural enemies and effectively release them into the forest.

[0049] Table 3 Insecticidal microorganism detection table

[0050] Processing Effectiveness / % Embodiment 1 95.5±4.7 Embodiment 2 98.2±7.1 Embodiment 3 92.6±5.6 Comparison Example 0

[0051] As can be seen from Table 3 above, different embodiments can successfully release and release natural enemies and microorganisms. Samples were taken from the tree trunks and brought back to the laboratory for microscopic examination. The three embodiments successfully released Pyemotes, which can effectively carry microorganisms and release them into the forest. The detection rate can reach more than 95%, indicating that the device can successfully carry natural enemy microorganisms and effectively release them into the forest.

[0052] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for releasing insecticidal microorganisms and natural enemies from a forest drone, comprising a cassette slot (1), characterized in that: A three-pronged wing (2) is provided above the box slot (1), the box slot (1) is suspended below the three-pronged wing (2), a slot cover plate (3) is slidably inserted on the front of the box slot (1), a first partition plate (4) is slidably inserted inside the box slot (1), a second partition plate (5) slidably inserted inside the box slot (1) is provided below the first partition plate (4), a third partition plate (6) located below the second partition plate (5) is slidably inserted at the bottom end of the box slot (1), a natural enemy accommodating hole (7) is provided on the first partition plate (4), a microorganism accommodating hole (8) is provided on the second partition plate (5), and a release hole (9) is provided on the third partition plate (6).

2. The device for releasing insecticidal microorganisms and natural enemies from a forest drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hook (11) is fixed to the bottom end of the three-pronged flying wing (2) via a suspension rod (10), and a lifting ring (12) adapted to the lifting hook (11) is fixed to the top end of the box slot (1).

3. The device for releasing insecticidal microorganisms and natural enemies from a forest drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-pronged flying wing (2) is made of wood material. The three-pronged flying wing (2) is composed of three groups of flying wing plates (201) that are equidistantly distributed in a ring shape. The three groups of flying wing plates (201) are all arranged in an inclined manner.

4. The device for releasing insecticidal microorganisms and natural enemies from a forest drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front face of the magazine slot (1) is provided with an opening slot (13) adapted to the slot cover plate (3), the outer walls on both sides of the slot cover plate (3) are fixed with first slide bars (14), and the inner walls on both sides of the opening slot (13) are provided with first slide slots (15) adapted to the first slide bars (14).

5. The device for releasing insecticidal microorganisms and natural enemies from a forest drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: Second slide bars (16) are fixed to the outer walls on both sides of the first partition plate (4) and the second partition plate (5), and second slide grooves (17) adapted to the second slide bars (16) are provided on the inner walls on both sides of the box slot (1).

6. The device for releasing insecticidal microorganisms and natural enemies from a forest drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer walls on both sides of the third partition plate (6) are fixed with third slide bars (18), and the lower parts of the inner walls on both sides of the box slot (1) are provided with third slide grooves (19) adapted to the third slide bars (18).

7. The device for releasing insecticidal microorganisms and natural enemies from a forest drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: Pest natural enemy organisms are placed in the natural enemy containing hole (7), insecticidal microorganisms are placed in the microorganism containing hole (8), and a filter is fixed inside the release hole (9).

8. A method for using the device for releasing insecticidal microorganisms and natural enemies from a forest drone as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: firstly, pulling out a slot cover plate (3) from the front of a box slot (1) to put the box slot (1) in an open state; then, placing natural enemy organisms of pests in the natural enemy containing hole (7) on the first partition plate (4) and placing insecticidal microorganisms in the microorganism containing hole (8) on the second partition plate (5); then, inserting the slot cover plate (3) back into the front of the box slot (1) to put the box slot (1) in a closed state; hanging a hook (11) at the bottom end of a three-pronged wing (2) in a hanging ring (12) at the top end of the box slot (1); then, using an unmanned aerial vehicle to carry the three-pronged wing (2) and the box slot (1); when the unmanned aerial vehicle flies to a forest pest area, the three-pronged wing (2) and the box slot (1) are dropped, so that the three-pronged wing (2) and the box slot (1) land in the forest; then, the natural enemy organisms of pests and the insecticidal microorganisms are released from the box slot (1) through a release hole (9) on the third partition plate (6) to prevent and control forest pests.

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