Composite pressure-resistant shell fatigue test equipment and test method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses composite pressure-resistant shell fatigue test equipment and a test method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of test equipment, the composite pressure-resistant shell fatigue test equipment comprises a containing box, the containing box is supported on the ground through a support, n heating rods are installed on the containing box, and guide columns are symmetrically and transversely installed on the containing box; the movable plates are movably installed on the guide columns through first flanges so that the movable plates can move along the guide columns, the movable plates are symmetrically arranged on the guide columns, a fixing block is installed on the movable plate on one side, a fixing plate is movably installed on the movable plate on the other side through cooperation of a threaded column and a lead screw, and meanwhile a fixing block is installed on the fixing plate. The device can detect the ductility and the allowable limit length of the to-be-detected piece in a normal environment, and detect the length change in different environments, so that the to-be-detected piece can be better used and improved according to different environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of testing equipment, and in particular relates to a composite material pressure-resistant shell fatigue testing device and a testing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The vigorous development of marine resources has become a necessary condition for the sustainable economic and social development of the world's maritime countries. As the main means of detecting marine resources and safeguarding marine rights and interests, the performance of underwater vehicles is particularly important. As the main pressure-bearing structure of underwater vehicles, the pressure hull ensures the normal operation of the internal equipment of the vehicle by withstanding huge hydrostatic pressure. Traditional pressure hulls are often made of high-strength aluminum alloys and titanium alloys. In recent years, fiber-reinforced composite materials have also been gradually used in the pressure hulls of underwater vehicles. These materials have excellent characteristics of high specific strength, high specific stiffness, light weight, fatigue resistance, corrosion resistance, vibration resistance, and strong designability, which are of great significance to improving the load capacity, life cycle and anti-reconnaissance capability of underwater vehicles.

[0003] However, the prior art does not take into account the temperature changes in the underwater environment, which results in the inability to predict the structural changes of the workpiece at different temperatures. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a composite pressure hull fatigue testing device and a testing method thereof.

[0005] The present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A composite pressure-resistant shell fatigue testing device comprises a containing box, which is supported on the ground by a bracket, on which n heating rods are installed, and guide columns are symmetrically and laterally installed on the containing box, and a movable plate is movably installed on the guide column through a flange, so that the movable plate can move along the guide column, and the movable plate is symmetrically arranged on the guide column, a fixed block is installed on the movable plate on one side, and a fixed plate is movably installed on the movable plate on the other side through a threaded column cooperating with a lead screw, and a fixed block is also installed on the fixed plate.

[0007] Specifically, the threaded column is movably installed on the movable plate through a bearing, and a threaded hole is provided in the threaded column, and the lead screw is threadably installed in the threaded column.

[0008] Specifically, both ends of the fixed plate are movably mounted on the small guide column through flange 2, and the small guide column is mounted on the movable plate on the other side.

[0009] Specifically, a handle is installed on the movable plate on the other side.

[0010] Specifically, a water outlet is provided on the containing box.

[0011] Specifically, a displacement sensor is installed on the moving plate on the other side.

[0012] Specifically, it is characterized by that n≈(M×c×(T 变 -T 初 )) / (860×s×η×P 额 ), where M is the weight of the test solution, c is the specific heat capacity of the test solution; T 初 is the initial temperature of the test liquid, T 变 is the temperature to which the test liquid needs to be heated, 860 is the coefficient of converting electrical energy into thermal energy, s is the heating time, η is the efficiency of the heater, and P 额 is the rated power of each heater rod purchased, and n is a positive integer.

[0013] Based on the above device, the present invention also proposes a testing method using the composite pressure hull fatigue testing device, comprising the following steps:

[0014] S1, pull open the moving plate and install the test piece on the fixed block;

[0015] S2, fix both ends of flange 1 to the guide column through fixing rings;

[0016] S3, rotating the threaded column to test whether the ductility of the test piece under normal conditions meets the requirements, and detecting the maximum extension length of the test piece;

[0017] S4, repeated testing to detect the fatigue structural state of the test piece under multiple pulling;

[0018] S5, remove the fixing ring on the other side of the moving plate, seal the outside of the containing box with a sealing member, turn on the heating rod, adjust the temperature in the containing box, and test whether the length of the test piece changes under different temperature environments;

[0019] S6, the temperature in the containing box returns to room temperature, a test liquid is injected into the containing box, and then the test liquid is heated to detect whether the length of the test piece changes in liquid environments with different temperatures.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] The device can detect the ductility and the allowable limit length of the test piece under normal environment, and detect the length change under different environments, so as to better use and improve the test piece according to different environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the containing box in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0025] The markings in the figure are: 1. containing box; 2. bracket; 3. heating rod; 4. water outlet; 5. guide column; 6. flange one; 7. moving plate; 8. displacement sensor; 9. fixing ring; 10. fixing block; 11. handle; 12. small guide column; 13. fixing plate; 14. flange two; 15. threaded column; 16. screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the present invention provides a composite pressure-resistant shell fatigue testing device, including a containing box 1, which is supported on the ground by a bracket 2, and n heating rods 3 are installed on the containing box 1, and guide columns 5 are symmetrically and laterally installed on the containing box 1, and a movable plate 7 is movably installed on the guide column 5 through a flange 6, so that the movable plate 7 can move along the guide column 5, and the movable plate 7 is symmetrically arranged on the guide column 5, a fixed block 10 is installed on the movable plate 7 on one side, and a fixed plate 13 is movably installed on the movable plate 7 on the other side through a threaded column 15 and a lead screw 16, wherein the threaded column 15 is movably installed on the movable plate 7 through a bearing, and a threaded hole is provided in the threaded column 15, and the lead screw 16 is threadedly installed in the threaded column 15, so when the threaded column 15 is rotated, the lead screw 16 drives the fixed plate 13 to move along the threaded hole; at the same time, a fixed block 10 is also installed on the fixed plate 13.

[0027] In order to facilitate the stable movement of the fixed plate 13, both ends of the fixed plate 13 are movably mounted on the small guide column 12 through the flange 2 14, and the small guide column 12 is mounted on the movable plate 7 on the other side.

[0028] A handle 11 is installed on the moving plate 7 on the other side. First, pull open the moving plate 7, install the workpiece to be tested on the fixed block 10, and then fix both ends of the flange 16 on the guide column 5 through the fixing ring 9. At this time, the flange 16 cannot move on the guide column 5. Rotate the threaded column 15 to test whether the ductility of the workpiece to be tested meets the requirements in the normal state, and detect the maximum extension length of the workpiece to be tested. Compared with electric moving parts such as cylinders or electric linear guides, the structural changes of the workpiece to be tested can be observed more subtly by manually rotating the threaded column 15, so that the maximum extension length of the workpiece to be tested can be detected. At the same time, multiple tests on the same workpiece can detect the fatigue structural state of the workpiece under multiple pulling.

[0029] Then, the fixing ring 9 on the movable plate 7 on the other side is removed, the outside of the containing box 1 is sealed by a seal, the heating rod 3 is turned on, and the temperature in the containing box 1 is adjusted. At the same time, it is tested whether the length of the piece to be tested will change under different temperature environments, and a displacement sensor 8 is installed on the movable plate 7 on the other side, so that the changes of the piece to be tested can be detected by the displacement sensor 8, and the piece to be tested can be better used and improved according to the changes.

[0030] Finally, the testing liquid is injected into the containing box 1, and then the testing liquid is heated to detect whether the length of the tested piece changes in the liquid environment with different temperatures. At the same time, the containing box 1 is provided with a water outlet 4, which can be injected with different testing liquids for testing.

[0031] In order to ensure that the temperature meets the detection requirements, according to the temperature environment T 变 The number n of the heating rods 3 is calculated (n is a positive integer).

[0032] n≈(M×c×(T 变 -T 初 )) / (860×s×η×P 额 )

[0033] Where M is the weight of the test liquid, c is the specific heat capacity of the test liquid, which is a commonly used physical quantity in thermodynamics, indicating the ability of an object to absorb or dissipate heat; T 初 is the initial temperature of the test liquid, T 变 is the temperature to which the test liquid needs to be heated, 860 is the coefficient of converting electrical energy into thermal energy, s is the heating time, η is the efficiency of the heater, and P 额 3 wattage rating for each heating rod purchased.

[0034] The number n of heating rods 3 is obtained by multiplying the weight of the detection liquid by the specific heat capacity of the detection liquid by the temperature change divided by 860 divided by the heating time divided by the efficiency of the heating rod 3 divided by the rated power of the heating rod 3; therefore, the number n of heating rods 3 is related to the weight of the detection liquid, the specific heat capacity, the temperature change, the heating time, and the efficiency and rated power of the heating rod 3; thus, it can be concluded that the number n of heating rods 3 can be controlled according to the heating time required by the customer or the required heating temperature, so as to better control the detection cost and detection content of the device.

[0035] The number of heating rods 3 is controlled according to the different heating time or heating temperature. If you want to control the cost, that is, fix the number n and want to ensure a high heating temperature, you can extend the heating time to control the number of heating rods 3 within a limited number. Substituting it into the formula can accurately determine the required heating time to avoid errors, thereby achieving both device cost control and precise control of the test. If the customer has temperature and time requirements, they can be substituted into the formula to obtain the exact number of heating rods 3 to control the device cost and avoid cost overruns.

[0036] The number n of heating rods 3 is calculated according to the heating temperature required by the customer, so that the device cost can be better controlled, which is suitable for promotion and customization according to demand, has a high degree of freedom, low cost, and simple device manufacturing.

[0037] Based on the above device, the present invention also proposes a testing method using the composite pressure hull fatigue testing device, comprising the following steps:

[0038] Step 1: Pull open the movable plate 7 and install the test piece on the fixed block 10;

[0039] Step 2: Fix both ends of flange 1 6 to the guide column 5 through fixing rings 9;

[0040] Step 3, rotating the threaded column 15 to test whether the ductility of the test piece under normal conditions meets the requirements, and detecting the maximum extension length of the test piece;

[0041] Step 4: Repeat the test several times to detect the fatigue structure state of the tested piece under multiple pulling;

[0042] Step 5, remove the fixing ring 9 on the other side of the moving plate 7, seal the outside of the containing box 1 with a sealing member, turn on the heating rod 3, adjust the temperature in the containing box 1, and test whether the length of the test piece changes under different temperature environments;

[0043] Step 6: The temperature in the containing box 1 returns to room temperature, and a test liquid is injected into the containing box 1. The test liquid is then heated to detect whether the length of the test piece changes in liquid environments with different temperatures.

[0044] The device can detect the ductility and the allowable limit length of the test piece under normal environment, and detect the length change under different environments, so as to better use and improve the test piece according to different environments.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite material pressure hull fatigue testing device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a containing box, which is supported on the ground by a bracket, and n heating rods are installed on the containing box, and a guide column is symmetrically and transversely installed on the containing box, and a movable plate is movably installed on the guide column through a flange, so that the movable plate can move along the guide column, and the movable plate is symmetrically arranged on the guide column, and a fixed block is installed on the movable plate on one side, and a fixed plate is movably installed on the movable plate on the other side through a threaded column cooperating with a lead screw, and a fixed block is also installed on the fixed plate; The holding box is filled with liquid and heated to simulate different temperature environments; The number of heating rods n is obtained by multiplying the weight of the test liquid by the specific heat capacity of the test liquid by the temperature change divided by 860 divided by the heating time divided by the efficiency of the heating rod divided by the rated power of the heating rod; therefore, the number of heating rods n is related to the weight of the test liquid, the specific heat capacity, the temperature change, the heating time, and the efficiency and rated power of the heating rod itself; thus, the number of heating rods n can be controlled according to the heating time or the required heating temperature required by the customer; If the cost needs to be controlled, that is, the number n is fixed and the heating temperature is fixed, the number n of heating rods can be controlled within a limited number by extending the heating time, that is, the precise heating time can be obtained; If the temperature and heating time are fixed, the exact number of heating rods can be obtained to control the device cost.

2. A composite material pressure hull fatigue testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The threaded column is movably installed on the moving plate through a bearing, and a threaded hole is arranged in the threaded column, and the lead screw is threadably installed in the threaded column.

3. The composite pressure hull fatigue testing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the fixed plate are movably mounted on the small guide column through flange 2, and the small guide column is mounted on the movable plate on the other side.

4. The composite pressure hull fatigue testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A handle is installed on the moving plate on the other side.

5. The composite pressure hull fatigue testing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The containing box is provided with a water outlet.

6. The composite pressure hull fatigue testing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A displacement sensor is installed on the moving plate on the other side.

7. A composite pressure hull fatigue testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: n≈(M×c×(T 变 -T 初 )) / (860×s×η×P 额 ), where M is the weight of the test liquid, and c is the specific heat capacity of the test liquid; T 初 is the initial temperature of the test liquid, T 变 is the temperature to which the test liquid needs to be heated, 860 is the coefficient of converting electrical energy into thermal energy, s is the heating time, η is the efficiency of the heater, and P 额 is the rated power of each heater rod purchased, and n is a positive integer.

8. A testing method using the composite pressure hull fatigue testing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, pull open the moving plate and install the test piece on the fixed block; S2, fix both ends of flange 1 to the guide column through fixing rings; S3, rotating the threaded column to test whether the ductility of the test piece under normal conditions meets the requirements, and detecting the maximum extension length of the test piece; S4, repeated testing to detect the fatigue structural state of the test piece under multiple pulling; S5, remove the fixing ring on the other side of the moving plate, seal the outside of the containing box with a sealing member, turn on the heating rod, adjust the temperature in the containing box, and test whether the length of the test piece changes under different temperature environments; S6, the temperature in the containing box returns to room temperature, a test liquid is injected into the containing box, and then the test liquid is heated to detect whether the length of the test piece changes in liquid environments with different temperatures.

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