Aspheric lens force rheological polishing equipment and polishing method

Abstract

The invention discloses aspheric lens force rheological polishing equipment and a polishing method, and relates to the technical field of aspheric lenses, the aspheric lens force rheological polishing equipment comprises a polishing bottom box, an X-axis driving box is arranged at the bottom of the polishing bottom box, a polishing liquid circulating mechanism is arranged on the rear side of the polishing bottom box, and a lens clamping driving mechanism is arranged above the polishing bottom box; a flow channel embedding plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the polishing bottom box, a plurality of front-back-through polishing solution restraining flow channels are formed in the top of the flow channel embedding plate, a plurality of liquid outlets penetrating through an inner cavity of the polishing bottom box are formed in the rear side of the polishing bottom box, and the multiple liquid outlets and the multiple polishing solution restraining flow channels are communicated in a front-back mode. According to the aspheric lens force rheology polishing device, through mutual cooperation of the multiple polishing solution constraint flow channels and the X-axis driving box, multi-station synchronous polishing treatment can be achieved, the number of lenses polished at a time is increased, the polishing efficiency is improved, and in addition, the invention further provides an aspheric lens force rheology polishing method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a surface polishing technology for an aspheric lens, and in particular to a mechanical rheological polishing device and a polishing method for an aspheric lens. Background Art

[0002] Aspheric lenses can significantly improve the image quality due to their good aberration correction ability. A single aspheric lens can be used in an optical system to achieve the functions of multiple spherical lenses, thereby reducing the number of lenses, which helps to simplify the structure of the optical system and reduce manufacturing costs and weight. Compared with traditional spherical lenses, they are more advantageous. Therefore, they are widely used in civilian fields such as infrared cameras and camera lenses, military fields such as satellites and missile fairings, and medical fields such as X-ray lenses and endoscopes.

[0003] The high-demand environment for aspheric lens applications also places high demands on the surface quality of aspheric lenses. The irregularities and roughness generated during the processing of aspheric lenses will affect the optical performance of aspheric lenses. When the aspheric lens has too large a shape deviation, any manufacturing inaccuracy will damage the operation of the entire optical system when light or laser beams pass through lenses, prisms or other optical elements. Traditional contact polishing is widely used for polishing aspheric surfaces, but the direct contact between the polishing tool and the lens surface will cause tiny scratches or damage on the lens surface, which will directly affect the optical performance. In addition, contact polishing requires multiple iterations and fine adjustments to achieve the required surface accuracy, and the polishing tool needs to be replaced regularly due to wear. The overall polishing efficiency is low and the polishing period is long. Mechanorheological polishing technology is a non-contact polishing technology with the characteristics of being suitable for complex surfaces, high processing efficiency, and no damage. It is a powerful supplement to the processing of aspheric lenses.

[0004] The existing technology has the following problems:

[0005] Chinese patent document CN202120881293.4 discloses a polishing device for aspheric optical elements, which uses a mechanical structure to make a sponge gasket contact with an aspheric lens and change the polishing axis angle to achieve precise polishing in the middle and on both sides of the lens. However, it is essentially a traditional contact processing, which is easy to leave damage and defects on the workpiece surface even in the final fine polishing process and it is difficult to ensure the surface accuracy of aspheric optical elements.

[0006] Chinese patent document CN202211397407.3 discloses a highly efficient and high-energy rheological polishing device for complex curved surfaces of parts. The device integrates a four-axis motion mechanism and an ultrasonic vibration mechanism, and uses an ultrasonic transducer to drive the polishing axis and complex curved surface parts to vibrate, thereby achieving highly efficient rheological polishing of complex curved surface parts. However, the device generates centrifugal force through the rotation of the polishing disc to change the flow characteristics of the polishing liquid so that it enters the shear thickening area to generate shear thickening phenomenon to achieve polishing. During the rotation process, the abrasive particles in the polishing liquid are affected by the centrifugal force and thrown to the wall of the polishing groove, and cannot effectively participate in the part material removal process, resulting in reduced polishing efficiency.

[0007] Chinese patent document CN202310027479.7 discloses a shear thickening polishing device and method for an optical lens. The patent uses a combined polishing method of a full-aperture arc polishing head and a sub-aperture spherical polishing head, and uses the polishing head to drive the shear thickening polishing liquid to flow, thereby achieving high-quality polishing of the entire surface of the optical lens. However, the polishing cycle of the device is long and the polishing head needs to be replaced during the polishing process, which is complicated to operate and has low polishing efficiency.

[0008] In the aspheric lens polishing method disclosed in the above-mentioned document, the contact polishing easily causes surface defects such as pitting and scratches and cannot control the surface accuracy; the non-contact polishing aspheric lens method has problems such as low polishing efficiency and inability to perform multi-station processing simultaneously. Summary of the invention

[0009] A mechanical rheological polishing device for an aspheric lens comprises a polishing base box, an X-axis driving box, a polishing liquid circulation mechanism and a lens clamping driving mechanism; the X-axis driving box is arranged at the bottom of the polishing base box and can drive the polishing base box to perform reciprocating linear motion in the X-axis direction; a flow channel embedded plate is fixedly installed in the polishing base box, a group of polishing liquid constraint flow channels distributed along the X-axis direction and penetrating from front to back are opened on the top of the flow channel embedded plate, a group of liquid outlets penetrating its inner cavity are opened on the rear side of the polishing base box, and the liquid outlets are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the polishing liquid constraint flow channels; the polishing liquid circulation mechanism comprises an extension plate, the extension plate is fixedly installed on the rear side of the polishing base box, a polishing liquid storage box is fixedly installed on the extension plate, and the front side of the polishing liquid storage box is respectively connected to the liquid outlets on the polishing base box through a group of liquid inlet pipes; a liquid pump is fixedly installed on the top of the polishing liquid storage box, the input end of the liquid pump is connected to the inner cavity of the polishing liquid storage box through a pipeline, and the output end of the liquid pump is connected to the inner cavity of the polishing liquid storage box through a pipeline. The end is connected with a liquid outlet box through a frame-type infusion tube, and the liquid outlet box is located above the front end of the flow channel embedded plate, and a group of liquid outlet pipes are fixedly connected to the bottom of the liquid outlet box, and the liquid outlet pipes are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the polishing liquid constraint flow channel; the lens clamping drive mechanism includes a gantry bracket, and a connecting column is respectively installed at the lower part of the two vertical arms of the gantry bracket, and the two connecting columns are respectively fixedly connected to the two sides of the X-axis drive box, and an electric push rod 1 is installed on the horizontal beam of the gantry bracket, and the output end of the electric push rod 1 passes through the lower side of the horizontal beam of the gantry bracket and is fixedly installed with a lifting control box; limit sliding bars are fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the lifting control box, and the two limit sliding bars form a sliding fit with the horizontal beam of the gantry bracket; a group of polishing spindle devices are provided at the bottom of the lifting control box, and the polishing spindle devices can fix the aspheric lens and drive the aspheric lens to rotate; the polishing spindle devices are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the polishing liquid constraint flow channel.

[0010] As an optimization solution, in the aforementioned aspheric lens force rheological polishing equipment, a group of supporting legs distributed in a rectangular array are fixedly installed at the bottom of the X-axis drive box, a bottom box drive motor is provided in the box body of the X-axis drive box, a turntable is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the bottom box drive motor, and the turntable is connected to a push rod through an eccentrically arranged hinge shaft; a pair of sliding rods and a group of reciprocating slides are provided in the box body of the X-axis drive box, each reciprocating slide is slidably matched with two sliding rods at the same time, and the top of one of the reciprocating slides is hinged to the push rod; all the reciprocating slides are fixedly connected to the bottom box mounting plate arranged above them at the same time; the polishing bottom box is installed on the bottom box mounting plate.

[0011] As an optimization solution, in the aforementioned aspheric lens rheological polishing device, the reciprocating slide is slidably connected to the slide rod via a linear bearing.

[0012] As an optimization solution, in the aforementioned aspheric lens force rheological polishing device, a liquid inlet funnel is provided on the polishing bottom box outside the liquid outlet; and the liquid inlet pipe is connected to the outlet of the liquid inlet funnel (34).

[0013] As an optimization solution, in the aforementioned aspheric lens force rheological polishing equipment, a horizontal slide groove is opened at the bottom of the lifting control box, and an electric push rod 2 is installed on one side of the lifting control box. A movable long block that can move horizontally is provided in the horizontal slide groove, and the output end of the electric push rod 2 passes through the inner cavity of the horizontal slide groove and is connected to the movable long block; the polishing spindle device is installed at the bottom of the movable long block.

[0014] As an optimization solution, in the aforementioned aspheric lens force rheological polishing equipment, the polishing spindle device includes a triangular bracket, one of the faces of the triangular bracket is fixedly connected to the moving long block, and a rotatable rotating shaft is provided on the outer side of the face adjacent to the face; a workpiece rotating drive motor is provided inside the triangular bracket, and the rotating shaft of the workpiece rotating drive motor is transmission-connected to the rotating shaft; a threaded rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating shaft, and a connecting tube is installed on the threaded rod, and the bottom of the connecting tube can fix the aspheric lens. Further, the inclination angle of the rotating shaft (4433) relative to the horizontal plane is 35°-90°.

[0015] A method for mechanical rheological polishing of an aspheric lens, the method using the aforementioned mechanical rheological polishing device for an aspheric lens to perform polishing on the aspheric lens, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1: Use fluent simulation to simulate the size and distribution of the surface pressure of the aspheric lens workpiece in the flow field, and use the simulation data to obtain the optimal polishing angle;

[0017] S2: The aspheric lens workpiece is fixed at the bottom end of the connecting tube, and the polishing spindle device is installed at the bottom of the lifting control box at the optimal polishing angle determined in step S1, and then the mechanorheological polishing liquid is injected into the polishing liquid constraint flow channel;

[0018] S3: Using an electric push rod 1, adjust the gap between the aspheric lens workpiece and the polishing liquid constraint flow channel to within a set range;

[0019] S4: Start the bottom box drive motor and the workpiece rotation drive motor to run at the set speed and start polishing; at the same time, start the liquid pump;

[0020] S5: After the polishing reaches the set time, the bottom box drive motor, the workpiece rotation drive motor are stopped and the liquid pump is started; then the electric push rod is used to control the lifting control box to rise and reset, and then the aspheric lens workpiece is removed, and the polishing is completed.

[0021] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following technical advances compared with the prior art:

[0022] 1. The aspheric lens mechanorheological polishing equipment and polishing method provided by the present invention can realize multi-station synchronous polishing processing through the mutual cooperation between the polishing liquid constraint flow channels and the X-axis drive box arranged in groups, increase the number of lenses polished in a single time, and thus improve the polishing efficiency.

[0023] 2. The aspheric lens mechanorheological polishing equipment and polishing method provided by the present invention can adjust the position according to the size of the lens through the mutual cooperation among the electric push rod 1, the lifting control box, the electric push rod 2, the moving long block, and the polishing spindle device, and can drive the workpiece to rotate while moving the lens back and forth. The aspheric lens workpiece and the mechanorheological polishing liquid make relative motion in a specific form, which can improve the polishing of the lens and make the polishing of the lens more uniform.

[0024] 3. The aspheric lens force rheological polishing equipment and polishing method provided by the present invention, through the mutual cooperation between the polishing bottom box, the liquid outlet, and the polishing liquid circulation mechanism, the polishing liquid in the polishing liquid constraint flow channel can be recycled after flowing out, saving the use cost of the polishing liquid and having good economy.

[0025] 4. The aspheric lens mechanorheological polishing equipment and polishing method provided by the present invention obtain the optimal polishing angle of the aspheric lens in the polishing liquid through FLUENT simulation, which saves the number of experiments and provides theoretical support for the selection of process parameters of the mechanorheological polishing machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a polished bottom box of the structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the interior of the X-axis drive box of the structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a polishing liquid circulation mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a lens clamping and driving mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the lifting control box of the structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a polishing spindle device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is an angle simulation diagram in this embodiment;

[0034] Fig. 9 is the surface pressure diagram in this embodiment;

[0035] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of detection points in this embodiment;

[0036] Fig.11 The actual pictures before and after polishing in this embodiment;

[0037] Fig.12 2 are microscopic images before and after polishing in this embodiment.

[0038] The markings in the attached drawings are: 1. polishing bottom box; 11. flow channel embedded plate; 12. polishing liquid constraint flow channel; 13. liquid outlet; 2. X-axis drive box; 21. support leg; 22. bottom box drive motor; 23. turntable; 24. push rod; 25. slide bar; 26. reciprocating slide plate; 27. bottom box mounting plate; 3. polishing liquid circulation mechanism; 31. extension plate; 32. polishing liquid storage box; 33. liquid inlet pipe; 34. liquid inlet funnel; 35. liquid pump; 36. frame infusion tube; 37, liquid outlet box; 38, liquid outlet tube; 4, lens clamping drive mechanism; 41, gantry bracket; 42, connecting column; 43, electric push rod 1; 44, lifting control box; 441, electric push rod 2; 442, moving long block; 443, polishing spindle device; 4431, triangular bracket; 4432, workpiece rotation drive motor; 4433, rotating shaft; 4434, threaded rod; 4435, connecting tube; 45, limit slide rod; 5, aspheric lens workpiece; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present application is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but they are not intended to limit the present application.

[0040] Example (see Figure 1-12 ):

[0041] The aspheric lens force rheological polishing device of the embodiment comprises a polishing bottom box 1, an X-axis driving box 2, a polishing liquid circulation mechanism 3 and a lens clamping driving mechanism 4; the X-axis driving box 2 is arranged at the bottom of the polishing bottom box 1 and can drive the polishing bottom box 1 to make reciprocating linear motion in the X-axis direction; a flow channel embedded plate 11 is fixedly installed in the polishing bottom box 1, and a group of polishing liquid constraining flow channels 12 distributed along the X-axis direction and penetrating from front to back are opened on the top of the flow channel embedded plate 11, and a group of liquid outlets 13 penetrating its inner cavity are opened on the rear side of the polishing bottom box 1, and the liquid outlets 13 is arranged one-to-one with the polishing liquid constraint flow channel 12; the polishing liquid circulation mechanism 3 includes an extension plate 31, the extension plate 31 is fixedly installed on the rear side of the polishing bottom box 1, a polishing liquid storage box 32 is fixedly installed on the extension plate 31, and the front side of the polishing liquid storage box 32 is respectively connected to each liquid outlet 13 on the polishing bottom box 1 through a group of liquid inlet pipes 33; a liquid pump 35 is fixedly installed on the top of the polishing liquid storage box 32, the input end of the liquid pump 35 is connected to the inner cavity of the polishing liquid storage box 32 through a pipeline, and the output end of the liquid pump 35 is connected to the inner cavity of the polishing liquid storage box 32 through a pipeline. The frame-type infusion tube 36 is connected to a liquid outlet box 37, and the liquid outlet box 37 is located above the front end of the flow channel embedded plate 11. The bottom of the liquid outlet box 37 is fixedly connected to a group of liquid outlet pipes 38, and the liquid outlet pipes 38 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the polishing liquid constraint flow channel 12; the lens clamping drive mechanism 4 includes a gantry bracket 41, and the lower part of the two vertical arms of the gantry bracket 41 is respectively equipped with a connecting column 42, and the two connecting columns 42 are respectively fixedly connected to the two sides of the X-axis drive box 2, and an electric push rod 43 is installed on the horizontal beam of the gantry bracket 41. The output end of the electric push rod 43 passes through the lower side of the horizontal beam of the gantry bracket 41 and is fixedly installed with a lifting control box 44; limit slide bars 45 are fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the lifting control box 44, and the two limit slide bars 45 form a sliding fit with the horizontal beam of the gantry bracket 41; a group of polishing spindle devices 443 are provided at the bottom of the lifting control box, and the polishing spindle devices 443 can fix the aspheric lens and drive the aspheric lens to rotate; the polishing spindle devices 443 are arranged one by one with the polishing liquid constraint flow channel 12.

[0042] In this embodiment, there are six polishing spindle devices 443, which can polish six aspheric lenses at the same time. During operation, the aspheric lens is fixed on the polishing spindle device 443, and the polishing spindle device 443 drives the aspheric lens to rotate. At the same time, the polishing bottom box 1 performs reciprocating linear motion, and the aspheric lens and the mechanorheological polishing liquid in the polishing liquid constraint flow channel 12 move relative to each other, so that the surface of the aspheric lens is polished quickly and evenly.

[0043] Specifically, in the embodiment, a group of supporting legs 21 distributed in a rectangular array are fixedly installed at the bottom of the X-axis drive box 2, a bottom box driving motor 22 is provided in the box body of the X-axis drive box 2, a turntable 23 is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the bottom box driving motor 22, and the turntable 23 is connected to a push rod 24 through an eccentrically arranged hinge shaft; a pair of slide bars 25 and a group of reciprocating slide plates 26 are provided in the box body of the X-axis drive box 2, each reciprocating slide plate 26 is slidably matched with two slide bars 25 at the same time, and the top of one reciprocating slide plate 251 is hinged to the push rod 24; all the reciprocating slide plates 26 are fixedly connected to the bottom box mounting plate 27 arranged above them at the same time; the polishing bottom box 1 is installed on the bottom box mounting plate 27. The above structure is essentially a motor-driven crank slider mechanism, which has high reliability and is easy to implement.

[0044] Specifically, in the embodiment, the reciprocating slide plate 26 is slidably connected to the slide bar 25 via a linear bearing. The use of the linear bearing can greatly reduce friction resistance and reduce wear.

[0045] Specifically, in the embodiment, a liquid inlet funnel 34 is provided on the polishing bottom box 1 outside the liquid outlet 13; the liquid inlet pipe 33 is connected to the outlet of the liquid inlet funnel 34. The provision of the liquid inlet funnel 34 allows the polishing liquid to flow into the polishing liquid storage box 32 more smoothly.

[0046] Specifically, in the embodiment, a horizontal slide groove is provided at the bottom of the lifting control box 44, an electric push rod 2 441 is installed on one side of the lifting control box 44, a moving long block 442 that can move horizontally is provided in the horizontal slide groove, and the output end of the electric push rod 2 441 penetrates the inner cavity of the horizontal slide groove and is connected to the moving long block 442; the polishing spindle device 443 is installed at the bottom of the moving long block 442. In order to get closer to the inner side of the polishing liquid constraint flow channel 12, the lifting control box 44 can be driven to slide and steadily descend by the limit slide rod 45 by starting the electric push rod 1 43 on the top of the gantry bracket 41, so that the aspheric lens workpiece 5 is closer to the polishing liquid constraint flow channel 12, and at the same time, the moving long block 442 in the horizontal slide groove can be driven to perform fine adjustment in the Y-axis direction by starting the electric push rod 2 441 on the left side of the lifting control box 44, thereby significantly improving the applicability of polishing processing for different lenses.

[0047] Specifically, in the embodiment, the polishing spindle device 443 includes a triangular bracket 4431, one of the faces of the triangular bracket 4431 is fixedly connected to the moving long block 442, and a rotatable rotating shaft 4433 is provided on the outer side of the face adjacent to the face; a workpiece rotation driving motor 4432 is provided inside the triangular bracket 4431, and the rotating shaft of the workpiece rotation driving motor 4432 is transmission-connected to the rotating shaft 4433; a threaded rod 4434 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating shaft 4433, and a connecting tube 4435 is installed on the threaded rod 4434, and an aspheric lens can be fixed at the bottom of the connecting tube 4435. The triangular bracket 4431 enables the polishing spindle device 4433 to be tilted at a certain angle relative to the horizontal plane. (When implementing the present invention, the inclination angle of the rotating shaft 4433 relative to the horizontal plane is preferably 35°-90°, and 55° in the embodiment.)

[0048] In the embodiment, the aspheric lens is polished using an aspheric lens mechanorheological polishing device, comprising the following steps:

[0049] S1: simulate the size and distribution of the surface pressure of the aspheric lens workpiece 5 in the flow field through FLUENT simulation, and use the simulation data to obtain the optimal polishing angle;

[0050] S2: The aspheric lens workpiece 5 is fixed to the bottom end of the connecting tube 4435, and the polishing spindle device 443 is installed at the bottom of the lifting control box at the optimal polishing angle determined in step S1, and then the mechanorheological polishing liquid is injected into the polishing liquid constraint channel 12;

[0051] S3: Using the electric push rod 43, the gap between the aspheric lens workpiece 5 and the polishing liquid constraint flow channel 12 is adjusted to within a set range;

[0052] S4: Start the bottom box drive motor 22 and the workpiece rotation drive motor 4432 to run at the set speed, and start polishing; at the same time, start the liquid pump 35;

[0053] S5: After the polishing reaches the set time, stop the bottom box drive motor 22, the workpiece rotation drive motor 4432 and start the liquid pump 35; then use the electric push rod 43 to control the lifting control box 44 to rise and reset, and then remove the aspheric lens workpiece 5, and the polishing is completed.

[0054] In the embodiment, the mechanorheological polishing liquid is composed of abrasive particles, a dispersed phase, a dispersion liquid, an anti-settling agent, and a surfactant. The abrasive particles are cerium oxide abrasive particles with a particle size of 1 um and a proportion of 6% in the polishing liquid. The dispersed phase is a polyhydroxy polymer, accounting for 48%. The dispersion liquid is pure water and ethylene glycol, with pure water accounting for 38% of the dispersion liquid and ethylene glycol accounting for 4.5% of the dispersion liquid. The anti-settling agent is a titanate coupling agent, accounting for 1.5% of the polishing liquid. The surfactant is sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and sodium octylbenzene sulfonate, accounting for 2% of the polishing liquid.

[0055] In the embodiment, 1um cerium oxide abrasive particles are used to prepare the mechanorheological polishing liquid, the lens is modeled by solidworks, and the pressure on the surface of the aspheric lens in the flow field under mechanorheological polishing is simulated by fluent software. The laminar flow model is selected, the distance between the lens and the contoured flow channel is 2mm, the linear velocity of the flow field fluid is given to be 1.3m / s, the solution method adopts the Couple algorithm, and the monitoring residual value is set to 10 -6 , simulated 12 angles from 35° to 90°, and obtained Figure 8 ; After simulation, the workpiece surface pressure data is exported and obtained Fig. 9 , the best polishing angle is obtained by analysis, and the best polishing angle of the workpiece is 55°. (In the embodiment, 12 triangular brackets 4431 with different angles are prepared. According to the simulation results, the triangular bracket 4431 that can make the polishing spindle device form an angle of 55° with the horizontal plane is selected)

[0056] After polishing, the surface roughness Ra value of the lens is measured using a Taylor profilometer in nm. The detection position is as follows: Fig.10 The measurement results are as follows:

[0057]

[0058]

[0059] The experimental results show that the surface roughness is significantly reduced, and the overall surface roughness is below 20nm. The surface roughness at different positions of the same radius is relatively consistent, ensuring the uniformity of the polishing effect. Fig.11 , 12 As shown, the "foggy" surface is obviously removed after polishing, and the surface is smooth and scratch-free.

[0060] The above general description of the invention involved in this application and the description of its specific implementation methods should not be understood as limiting the technical solutions of the invention. Based on the disclosure of this application, those skilled in the art can add, reduce or combine the disclosed technical features in the above general description and / or specific implementation methods (including examples) without violating the constituent elements of the invention involved, to form other technical solutions within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A non-spherical lens force rheological polishing device, characterized by: The invention comprises a polishing bottom box (1), an X-axis driving box (2), a polishing liquid circulation mechanism (3) and a lens clamping driving mechanism (4); the X-axis driving box (2) is arranged at the bottom of the polishing bottom box (1) and can drive the polishing bottom box (1) to make reciprocating linear motion in the X-axis direction; a flow channel embedding plate (11) is fixedly installed in the polishing bottom box (1); a group of polishing liquid constraining flow channels (12) distributed along the X-axis direction and penetrating from front to back are opened on the top of the flow channel embedding plate (11); a group of liquid outlets (13) penetrating the inner cavity of the polishing bottom box (1) are opened on the rear side; the liquid outlets (13) are connected to the polishing liquid constraining flow channels (12) to form a plurality of polishing liquid confining flow channels (12). The polishing liquid circulation mechanism (3) comprises an extension plate (31), the extension plate (31) is fixedly mounted on the rear side of the polishing bottom box (1), a polishing liquid storage box (32) is fixedly mounted on the extension plate (31), the front side of the polishing liquid storage box (32) is respectively connected to each liquid outlet (13) on the polishing bottom box (1) through a group of liquid inlet pipes (33); a liquid pump (35) is fixedly mounted on the top of the polishing liquid storage box (32), the input end of the liquid pump (35) is connected to the inner cavity of the polishing liquid storage box (32) through a pipeline, and the output end of the liquid pump (35) is connected to the inner cavity of the polishing liquid storage box (32) through a frame-type infusion pipe ( 36) is connected to a liquid outlet box (37), the liquid outlet box (37) is located above the front end of the flow channel embedded plate (11), and a group of liquid outlet pipes (38) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the liquid outlet box (37), and the liquid outlet pipes (38) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the polishing liquid constraint flow channel (12); the lens clamping drive mechanism (4) includes a gantry bracket (41), and the lower part of the two vertical arms of the gantry bracket (41) is respectively equipped with a connecting column (42), and the two connecting columns (42) are respectively fixedly connected to the two sides of the X-axis drive box (2), and an electric push rod (43) is installed on the horizontal beam of the gantry bracket (41). The output end of the electric push rod (43) passes through the lower side of the horizontal beam of the gantry bracket (41) and is fixedly installed with a lifting control box (44); limit slide bars (45) are fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the lifting control box (44), and the two limit slide bars (45) form a sliding fit with the horizontal beam of the gantry bracket (41); a group of polishing spindle devices (443) are provided at the bottom of the lifting control box (44), and the polishing spindle devices (443) can fix the aspheric lens and drive the aspheric lens to rotate; the polishing spindle devices (443) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the polishing liquid constraint flow channel (12).

2. The aspheric lens force rheological polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A group of supporting legs (21) arranged in a rectangular array are fixedly installed at the bottom of the X-axis driving box (2); a bottom box driving motor (22) is arranged in the box body of the X-axis driving box (2); a rotating disk (23) is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the bottom box driving motor (22); the rotating disk (23) is connected to a push rod (24) through an eccentrically arranged hinge shaft; a pair of sliding bars (25) and three reciprocating slides (26) are arranged in the box body of the X-axis driving box (2); each reciprocating slide (26) is slidably matched with two sliding bars (25) at the same time, and the top of one of the reciprocating slides (26) is hinged to the push rod (24); all the reciprocating slides (26) are fixedly connected to a bottom box mounting plate (27) arranged above them at the same time; the polishing bottom box (1) is mounted on the bottom box mounting plate (27).

3. The aspheric lens force rheological polishing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reciprocating slide plate (26) is slidably connected to the slide rod (25) via a linear bearing.

4. The aspheric lens force rheological polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A liquid inlet funnel (34) is provided on the polishing bottom box (1) outside the liquid outlet (13); and the liquid inlet pipe (33) is connected to the outlet of the liquid inlet funnel (34).

5. The aspheric lens force rheological polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A horizontal slide groove is provided at the bottom of the lifting control box (44); an electric push rod 2 (441) is installed on one side of the lifting control box (44); a moving long block (442) that can move horizontally is provided in the horizontal slide groove; the output end of the electric push rod 2 (441) passes through the inner cavity of the horizontal slide groove and is connected to the moving long block (442); the polishing spindle device (443) is installed at the bottom of the moving long block (442).

6. The aspheric lens force rheological polishing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The polishing spindle device (443) comprises a triangular bracket (4431), one of the faces of the triangular bracket (4431) is fixedly connected to the moving long block (442), and a rotatable rotating shaft (4433) is provided on the outer side of the face adjacent to the triangular bracket (4431); a workpiece rotating driving motor (4432) is provided inside the triangular bracket (4431), and the rotating shaft of the workpiece rotating driving motor (4432) is drivingly connected to the rotating shaft (4433); a threaded rod (4434) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating shaft (4433), a connecting tube (4435) is installed on the threaded rod (4434), and the bottom of the connecting tube (4435) can fix an aspheric lens.

7. The aspheric lens force rheological polishing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inclination angle of the rotating axis (4433) relative to the horizontal plane is 35°-90°.

8. A method for mechanical rheological polishing of an aspheric lens, characterized in that: The method uses the aspheric lens force rheological polishing device of claim 1 to polish the aspheric lens, comprising the following steps: S1: simulate the size and distribution of the surface pressure of the aspheric lens workpiece (5) in the flow field through FLUENT simulation, and use the simulation data to obtain the optimal polishing angle; S2: The aspheric lens workpiece (5) is fixed to the bottom end of the connecting tube (4435), and the polishing spindle device (443) is installed at the bottom of the lifting control box at the optimal polishing angle determined in step S1, and then the mechanorheological polishing liquid is injected into the polishing liquid constraint flow channel (12); S3: using an electric push rod 1 (43) to adjust the gap between the aspheric lens workpiece (5) and the polishing liquid constraining flow channel (12) to within a set range; S4: Start the bottom box drive motor (22) and the workpiece rotation drive motor (4432) to run at a set speed to start polishing; at the same time, start the liquid pump (35); S5: After the polishing reaches the set time, the bottom box driving motor (22), the workpiece rotation driving motor (4432) are stopped and the liquid pump (35) is started; then the lifting control box (44) is controlled to rise and reset by using the electric push rod 1 (43), and then the aspheric lens workpiece (5) is removed, and the polishing is completed.

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