Method for pumped storage by using combination of abandoned strip mine and well mine

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of waste mine recycling and pumped storage, in particular to a method for conducting pumped storage through combination of a waste strip mine and a well mine. Comprising the following steps: a, constructing an auxiliary adit and a grouting drill hole from a shaft, and grouting to reinforce a caving zone and a water flowing fissure zone; the auxiliary adit is located in a thick and hard rock stratum on a water flowing fractured zone; b, constructing an upper diversion tunnel from the shaft to the collapse pit; c, a tailrace tunnel is constructed from the shaft to the strip mine pit; and d, constructing the upper reservoir and the lower reservoir. Then, a pressure regulating chamber and an electromechanical chamber are constructed; and then sealing the grouting drill hole and assisting the adit. And finally, the shaft part above the upper diversion tunnel is closed, and the upper diversion tunnel, the tailrace tunnel and the shaft section between the upper diversion tunnel and the tailrace tunnel are communicated with the upper reservoir and the lower reservoir. Multi-procedure parallel construction can be achieved, the construction amount of the upper reservoir and the lower reservoir can be reduced, the stability of the upper reservoir based on collapse pit construction can be guaranteed, and the construction period and cost are greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of abandoned mine reuse and pumped storage, and in particular to a method for pumped storage by combining abandoned open-pit mines with underground mines. Background Art

[0002] A pumped storage power station mainly includes an upper reservoir, a water diversion tunnel and a lower reservoir. During peak power load, water from the lower reservoir is pumped to the upper reservoir to store potential energy. During low power load, water from the upper reservoir is released to the lower reservoir to release potential energy and convert it into electricity. When constructing a pumped storage power station, the selection of the upper reservoir and the lower reservoir is particularly important. If a natural river valley or other valley can be selected as the foundation for the construction of the upper reservoir or the lower reservoir, the construction period and construction cost can be greatly reduced.

[0003] At present, there have been studies on the construction of upper and lower reservoirs based on abandoned open-pit mines or abandoned goafs, shafts, and collapse pits in underground mines. However, existing studies are mostly limited to the construction of pumped-storage power stations based on open-pit mines or goafs and shafts based on underground mining. However, some mines at home and abroad adopt open-pit and underground mining methods or some open-pit mines and underground mines are very close, such as Xinling Coal Mine, Fuxin Haizhou Coal Mine, Jianlong Iron Mine, etc. Under such conditions, how to comprehensively consider the abandoned mines formed by the two mining methods to select the site for each part of the pumped-storage power station, and how to quickly and parallelly build pumped-storage power stations have become technical problems that this field hopes to solve. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a method for pumping water storage by combining abandoned open-pit mines with underground mines. The abandoned underground mine is on the left, and the open-pit pit of the abandoned open-pit mine is on the right. The coal seam mined in the open-pit mine is relatively shallow. The shaft of the abandoned underground mine is located between the abandoned underground mine and the abandoned open-pit mine, including the following steps:

[0005] a. Determine the height of the water-conducting fracture zone after the underground coal seam is mined, and determine the positions of all thick hard rock layers above the water-conducting fracture zone; select a certain thick hard rock layer at a certain distance above the water-conducting fracture zone, construct an auxiliary flat tunnel from the wellbore along the selected thick hard rock layer to the left, and build a grouting station near the wellbore in the auxiliary flat tunnel; continue to construct the auxiliary flat tunnel, and when the construction reaches the collapse zone and the water-conducting fracture zone, construct a grouting borehole from the auxiliary flat tunnel downward to the collapse zone and the water-conducting fracture zone, use the grouting station to prepare grouting slurry, and inject the grouting slurry from the grouting borehole into the collapse zone and the water-conducting fracture zone; continue to construct the auxiliary flat tunnel and construct a grouting borehole to the collapse zone and the water-conducting fracture zone at a set interval and grout until the entire collapse zone and the water-conducting fracture zone are filled with grouting;

[0006] b. Construction of a water diversion tunnel from the shaft to the collapse pit;

[0007] c. Construction of tailwater tunnel from shaft to open pit;

[0008] d. Construct the upper reservoir based on the collapsed pit and the lower reservoir based on the lower part of the open pit;

[0009] Step a, step b, step c, and step d are performed simultaneously;

[0010] e. Construct the pressure regulating chamber, seal the grouting borehole and auxiliary flat hole with crushed stone or grouting at the grouting station;

[0011] At the same time, the electromechanical chamber is constructed;

[0012] At the same time, an upper trash rack is constructed at the connection between the upper diversion tunnel and the shaft, and a lower trash rack is constructed at the connection between the tailwater tunnel and the lower reservoir;

[0013] f. In the wellbore, the wellbore section above the upper diversion tunnel is closed, and the upper diversion tunnel, the tailwater tunnel and the wellbore section between the two connect the upper reservoir and the lower reservoir.

[0014] Preferably, in step a, the grouting slurry is prepared by grinding the crushed stones generated during the construction of the auxiliary adit, the upper water diversion tunnel and the tailwater tunnel into crushed stone powder and mixing it with water to prepare the grouting slurry.

[0015] Preferably, in step b, the waste rock generated during construction is transported to the grouting station in the auxiliary adit using the wellbore's own lifting system.

[0016] Preferably, in step c, the waste rock generated during construction first fills the shaft below the tailwater tunnel, and then is transported to the grouting station in the auxiliary flat tunnel using the shaft's own hoisting system.

[0017] Preferably, in step e, a pressure regulating chamber is constructed at the intersection of the auxiliary horizontal tunnel and the shaft; and an electromechanical chamber is constructed at the intersection of the tailwater tunnel and the shaft.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention can use the shaft of an abandoned underground mine to simultaneously carry out the following construction processes: a. Construction of auxiliary flat tunnels and grouting drilling, grouting reinforcement of collapsed zones and water-conducting fissure zones; b. Construction of an upper water diversion tunnel; c. Construction of a tailwater tunnel; d. Construction of an upper reservoir and a lower reservoir; in this way, multiple processes can be constructed in parallel, greatly reducing the construction period and cost.

[0019] 2. The present invention constructs the upper reservoir based on the collapsed pit formed by underground mining, and constructs the lower reservoir based on the open pit, which can reduce the construction volume of the upper reservoir and the lower reservoir.

[0020] 3. The present invention uses the crushed stones generated during the construction of the upper water diversion tunnel, auxiliary adit and tailwater tunnel as grouting materials, and utilizes the original lifting system of the wellbore for lifting, thereby reducing the work of handling the crushed stones and saving costs; and grouting to reinforce the collapsed zone and the water-conducting fissure zone can ensure the stability of the upper reservoir. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the basic conditions of the method for pumped storage energy by combining abandoned open-pit mines with underground mines in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the construction process of the pumped storage method using abandoned open-pit mines and underground mines in combination;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the construction completion of the pumped storage method using abandoned open-pit mines and underground mines in combination according to the present invention;

[0024] In the figure, there are underground coal seam 11; collapse zone 12; water-conducting fracture zone 13; collapse pit 14; ground surface 15; open-pit mine 16; shaft 17; grouting borehole 21; grouting station 22; auxiliary adit 23; upper reservoir 31; upper trash rack 32; upper water diversion tunnel 331; tailwater tunnel 332; electromechanical chamber 34; lower trash rack 35; lower reservoir 36; and surge chamber 37. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, it is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the method of the present invention for combining abandoned open-pit mines with underground mines for pumped storage. On the left side is the abandoned underground mine. The underground coal seam 11 has been mined, and some coal pillars remain. The overlying rock strata of the mined part of the underground coal seam 11 have collapsed and sunk, forming a collapse zone 12, a water-conducting fracture zone 13 and a curved sinking zone from bottom to top, and a collapse pit 14 is formed on the surface 15 of the uppermost part of the curved sinking zone; on the right side of the abandoned underground mine is an open-pit pit 16 of the abandoned open-pit mine, the coal seam mined in the open-pit mine is relatively shallow, and the underground coal seam 11 is relatively deep, and the shaft 17 of the abandoned underground mine is located between the abandoned underground mine and the abandoned open-pit mine.

[0027] According to the terrain conditions and the existing research, the bottom of the open pit 16 can be used as the foundation for the construction of the lower reservoir, and the collapse pit 14 can be used as the foundation for the construction of the upper reservoir. However, there is residual compression space between the collapsed and broken rocks in the lower collapse zone 12 of the collapse pit 14 and the water-conducting fracture zone 13, which will cause the collapse pit 14 to form long-term residual sinking. However, the collapse pit 14 needs to be stable as the upper reservoir 31, so it is necessary to reinforce the collapse zone 12 and the water-conducting fracture zone 13. The water-conducting fracture zone 13 is often reinforced by grouting. However, if the grouting drilling and grouting reinforcement are carried out from the collapse pit 14, it will affect the construction of the upper reservoir. If the collapse zone 12 and the water-conducting fracture zone 13 can be reinforced by grouting at the same time without affecting the construction of the upper reservoir, and the construction of the water diversion tunnel can be carried out, it is inevitable that the construction speed of the pumped storage power station can be accelerated, and the construction period and construction cost can be reduced. In this regard, the present invention proposes a method for combining abandoned open-pit mines with underground mines for pumped storage, which includes the following steps:

[0028] a. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the height of the water-conducting fracture zone 13 after the mining of the underground coal seam 11 is determined, and the positions of all the thick hard rock layers above the water-conducting fracture zone 13 are determined; a certain thick hard rock layer is selected at a certain distance above the water-conducting fracture zone 13, and an auxiliary flat tunnel 23 is constructed to the left along the selected thick hard rock layer from the shaft 17, and a grouting station 22 is built near the shaft 17 at the auxiliary flat tunnel 23; the auxiliary flat tunnel 23 is continued to be constructed, and when the construction reaches the collapse zone 12 and the water-conducting fracture zone 13, a grouting borehole 21 is constructed downward from the auxiliary flat tunnel 23 to the collapse zone 12 and the water-conducting fracture zone 13. The grouting station 22 is used to prepare grouting slurry, and the grouting slurry is injected into the collapse zone 12 and the water-conducting fracture zone 13 from the grouting borehole 21; the auxiliary adit 23 is continued to be constructed, and the grouting borehole 21 is constructed at a set interval to the collapse zone 12 and the water-conducting fracture zone 13, and grouting is performed until the entire collapse zone 12 and the water-conducting fracture zone 13 are filled with grouting; wherein the grouting slurry is prepared by grinding the crushed stones produced during the construction of the auxiliary adit 23, the upper water diversion tunnel 331 and the tailwater tunnel 332 into crushed stone powder and mixing it with water to prepare the grouting slurry;

[0029] b. Figure 2 As shown, an upper diversion tunnel 331 is constructed from the shaft 17 to the collapse pit 14 in a basically horizontal manner (the shaft 17 side may be slightly lower), and the upper diversion tunnel 331 connects the collapse pit 14 (later upper reservoir 31) and the shaft 17. The waste rock generated during the construction is transported to the grouting station 22 in the auxiliary flat tunnel 23 by the hoisting system of the shaft 17.

[0030] c. Figure 2As shown, a tailwater tunnel 332 is constructed from the shaft 17 to the open pit 16 in a substantially horizontal manner, and the tailwater tunnel 332 connects the open pit 16 (later lower reservoir 36) and the shaft 17. The waste rock 21 generated during the construction first fills the shaft 17 below the tailwater tunnel 332, and then is transported to the grouting station 22 in the auxiliary flat tunnel 23 by the hoisting system of the shaft 17.

[0031] d. Figure 2 As shown, an upper reservoir 31 is constructed based on the collapsed pit 14, and a lower reservoir 36 is constructed based on the lower part of the open pit 16;

[0032] Step a, step b, step c, and step d are performed simultaneously;

[0033] e. Figure 3 As shown, a pressure regulating chamber 37 is constructed at the intersection of the auxiliary horizontal tunnel 23 and the shaft 17, the grouting borehole 21 is sealed with crushed stone or grouting is performed by the grouting station 22, and the auxiliary horizontal tunnel 23 is sealed with crushed stone or grouting is performed by the grouting station 22;

[0034] At the same time, the electromechanical chamber 34 is constructed at the intersection of the tailwater tunnel 332 and the shaft 17;

[0035] At the same time, an upper trash rack 32 is constructed at the connection between the upper water diversion tunnel 331 and the shaft 17, and a lower trash rack 35 is constructed at the connection between the tailwater tunnel 332 and the lower reservoir 36;

[0036] f. In the wellbore 17 , the part of the wellbore 17 above the upper diversion tunnel 331 is closed, and the upper diversion tunnel 331 , the tailwater tunnel 332 and the wellbore section therebetween connect the upper reservoir 31 and the lower reservoir 36 .

[0037] Among them, in step e, the pressure regulating chamber 37 and the electromechanical chamber 34 are the preferred embodiments recommended by this specific embodiment. Those skilled in the art can adjust and select the positions of the pressure regulating chamber 37 and the electromechanical chamber 34 according to technical needs, construction needs, etc., which all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Of course, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. It should be noted that all equivalent substitutions and obvious deformation forms made by any technician familiar with the field under the guidance of this specification fall within the essential scope of this specification and should be protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of using abandoned open-pit mines and underground mines to carry out pumped storage. The abandoned underground mine is on the left, and the open-pit pit of the abandoned open-pit mine is on the right. The coal seam mined in the open-pit mine is relatively shallow. The shaft of the abandoned underground mine is located between the abandoned underground mine and the abandoned open-pit mine. It is characterized by: The steps include: a. Determine the height of the water-conducting fracture zone after the underground coal seam is mined, and determine the positions of all thick hard rock layers above the water-conducting fracture zone; select a certain thick hard rock layer above the water-conducting fracture zone, construct an auxiliary flat tunnel from the wellbore along the selected thick hard rock layer to the left, and build a grouting station near the wellbore in the auxiliary flat tunnel; continue to construct the auxiliary flat tunnel, and when the construction reaches the collapse zone and the water-conducting fracture zone, construct a grouting borehole from the auxiliary flat tunnel downward to the collapse zone and the water-conducting fracture zone, use the grouting station to prepare grouting slurry, and inject the grouting slurry from the grouting borehole into the collapse zone and the water-conducting fracture zone; continue to construct the auxiliary flat tunnel and construct a grouting borehole to the collapse zone and the water-conducting fracture zone at a set interval and grout until the entire collapse zone and the water-conducting fracture zone are filled with grouting; b. Construction of a water diversion tunnel from the shaft to the collapse pit; c. Construction of tailwater tunnel from shaft to open pit; d. Construct the upper reservoir based on the collapsed pit and the lower reservoir based on the lower part of the open pit; Step a, step b, step c, and step d are performed simultaneously; e. Construct the pressure regulating chamber, seal the grouting borehole and auxiliary flat hole with crushed stone or grouting at the grouting station; At the same time, the electromechanical chamber is constructed; At the same time, an upper trash rack is constructed at the connection between the upper diversion tunnel and the shaft, and a lower trash rack is constructed at the connection between the tailwater tunnel and the lower reservoir; f. In the wellbore, the wellbore section above the upper diversion tunnel is closed, and the upper diversion tunnel, the tailwater tunnel and the wellbore section between the two connect the upper reservoir and the lower reservoir.

2. The method for pumped storage of energy by utilizing abandoned open-pit mines and underground mines according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step b, the waste rock generated during construction is transported to the grouting station in the auxiliary adit using the wellbore's own lifting system.

3. The method for pumped storage of energy by utilizing abandoned open-pit mines and underground mines according to claim 2 is characterized in that: In step c, the waste rock generated during construction first fills the shaft below the tailwater tunnel, and then is transported to the grouting station in the auxiliary flat tunnel using the shaft's own hoisting system.

4. The method for pumped storage of energy by utilizing abandoned open-pit mines and underground mines according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In step a, the grouting slurry is prepared by grinding the crushed stones generated during the construction of the auxiliary adit, the upper water diversion tunnel and the tailwater tunnel into crushed stone powder and mixing it with water to prepare the grouting slurry.

5. The method for pumped storage of energy by utilizing abandoned open-pit mines and underground mines according to claim 4 is characterized in that: In step e, a pressure regulating chamber is constructed at the intersection of the auxiliary horizontal tunnel and the shaft; and an electromechanical chamber is constructed at the intersection of the tailwater tunnel and the shaft.

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