Method and equipment for rapidly detecting content of progesterone in milk of cattle and sheep

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and equipment for rapidly detecting the content of progesterone in cow and sheep milk, and the method comprises the following steps: respectively collecting an optical signal, an electrochemical signal and current and voltage data of a sample in the cow and sheep milk through an optical detection module, an electrochemical detection module and a current and voltage detection module; the physical and chemical characteristics of the sample in the cow and sheep milk can be comprehensively analyzed from multiple dimensions. The detection data can be quickly and accurately processed and transmitted by combining a signal processing system and equipment, a reliable guarantee is provided for subsequent analysis, and in addition, a progesterone mathematical model embedded into the signal processing system realizes high-precision calculation of the concentration of progesterone in milk of cattle and sheep by combining a detection signal and a standard curve. The model not only improves the accuracy of a detection result, but also remarkably shortens the analysis time, and practically meets the urgent requirements for rapid detection and efficient output in practical application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of progesterone content detection, and in particular, relates to a method and equipment for quickly detecting progesterone content in bovine and goat milk. Background Art

[0002] The changing pattern of progesterone in the animal body, especially the huge changes in progesterone concentration during estrus and pregnancy, can be used to determine ovulation, early pregnancy detection evaluation, diagnosis of related diseases and detection of the effect of progesterone treatment. Testing progesterone can identify estrus, guide timely mating, diagnose early pregnancy, detect pregnant and non-pregnant cattle and sheep, detect ovarian activity in cattle and sheep, diagnose related reproductive system diseases, provide a basis for early detection and treatment of diseases, determine the estrus and ovulation time of cattle and sheep, provide a basis for the application of superovulation and other cattle and sheep breeding technologies, and provide methods to improve cattle and sheep breeds and quantities, shorten calving intervals, and reduce insemination indexes, so as to reduce economic losses and have obvious economic and social value. Foreign countries have taken the detection of progesterone as an important detection indicator for cattle breeding management.

[0003] In recent years, people have gradually begun to pay attention to the detection of progesterone in cattle and sheep milk in production, and have proposed methods such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), vaginal examination, radioimmunoassay (RIA), immunofluorescence, colloidal gold technology, and chemiluminescence detection.

[0004] The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay uses the different reaction degrees between antigen (or antibody) and enzyme-labeled antibody (or antigen) to cause the color difference of the color-developing substance for testing. It has strict requirements on experimental conditions, requires a large amount of experimental equipment, and is complicated and cumbersome to operate. It is not conducive to rapid detection and it is difficult to meet the needs of rapid detection for large-scale and efficient modern farming. Vaginal examination mainly determines the physiological condition of cattle and sheep by observing changes in vaginal mucosa, mucus and cervix. This method is highly dependent on experienced professionals, is highly subjective and has limited accuracy. It is also time-limited and can only be performed after 50 days of pregnancy. Early detection is not possible and the best management time is easily missed.

[0005] Radioimmunoassay is a method of testing based on the competitive binding of the same antibody with isotope-labeled antigens and unlabeled antigens. Although it has high sensitivity and accuracy, it has strong radiation and is potentially harmful to the health of operators. In addition, the equipment is expensive and the testing cost is high, so it is not suitable for large-scale promotion and application in on-site testing of cattle and sheep breeding. Immunofluorescence technology requires fluorescently labeled antigens (or antibodies), and uses flow cytometers, fluorescence microscopes, and automated electronic imaging computers to observe and analyze the fluorescence intensity of binding sites in the reaction system. The operation is complicated, the equipment requirements are high and expensive, the detection process is time-consuming, and it is difficult to quickly obtain results on the farm, which is not conducive to timely guidance of cattle and sheep breeding management decisions.

[0006] Colloidal gold technology uses colloidal gold as a tracer to detect antibody-antigen reactions and determine the antigen or antibody content. This method is relatively low-cost, but has poor accuracy and unstable test results. For indicators such as progesterone content in bovine and sheep milk that require precise measurement, it may lead to misjudgment and affect the scientific nature of breeding management decisions; The chemiluminescence detection method determines the substance content based on the difference in light radiation produced by the chemical reaction of progesterone antigen (or antibody) of different concentrations. Although this method has high sensitivity, the instrumentation is complex and expensive, and has high requirements for the detection environment and operators. The detection process requires professional technicians to operate, and is not suitable for the daily rapid detection needs of grassroots farms.

[0007] Existing detection methods have defects to varying degrees in detecting the progesterone content in bovine and goat milk, and there is an urgent need for a device that is simple to operate, fast and accurate, and has a reasonable cost and is suitable for on-site detection. In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a method and device for rapid detection of progesterone content in bovine and sheep milk, thereby solving the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the basic concept of the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A rapid detection device for progesterone content in bovine and sheep milk comprises: a power supply system for receiving 220V, 50Hz mains electricity, and outputting 5V and 3.3V direct current after filtering, rectification and voltage stabilization, which respectively supplies power to a display module, a transmission module and a single-chip microcomputer core module; The signal processing system, with the STM32F407 microcontroller as the core, is responsible for signal acquisition, data processing, storage and transmission, and supports connection with external devices through multiple interfaces; Display and printing system, including high-resolution LED screen, used to display experimental data and system status, supporting multiple display modes such as text, graphics, curves, etc., and equipped with printing module and SD card storage module; The detection system includes an optical detection module, an electrochemical detection module and a current and voltage detection module, which are used to collect optical signals, electrochemical signals and current and voltage data of samples in cow and sheep milk respectively; The progesterone mathematical model is embedded in the signal processing system, and the progesterone concentration in bovine and sheep milk is calculated by analyzing the detection signal and combining it with the standard curve.

[0010] Optionally, the optical detection module includes a photoelectric sensor for detecting transmitted light, reflected light or scattered light signals of samples in cow and sheep milk, and the steps are as follows: The sample in the milk of cows and sheep to be tested is placed in the sample slot of the optical detection module, and then the light source in the optical detection module emits light to the sample in the milk of cows and sheep; The light from the light source is directed vertically into the sample. The sample absorbs or scatters part of the light. The remaining light passes through the sample and reaches the photoelectric sensor. The light from the light source is directed at the sample surface at a specific angle. The sample reflects part of the light to the photoelectric sensor. The photoelectric sensor detects the intensity and direction of the reflected light and converts the signal into an electrical signal that can be processed. Adjust the direction and intensity of the light source, observe the scattering behavior of the solute in the sample to the light, and use multiple sets of photoelectric sensors to capture the intensity data of scattered light in different directions. Then, send the electrical signal output by the photoelectric sensor to the signal processing system, filter and denoise the detection signal, eliminate environmental interference, and extract the key features of the signal. Finally, correlate the transmitted light, reflected light, and scattered light signal characteristics with the optical properties of the samples in bovine and sheep milk to characterize the composition and concentration of the samples.

[0011] Optionally, the electrochemical detection module includes a reference electrode, an auxiliary electrode and a working electrode, and analyzes the electrochemical characteristics in the sample by measuring the potential difference or current, and the steps are: Inject the sample in the milk of cows and sheep to be tested into the sample pool of the electrochemical detection module, and ensure that the liquid surface in the sample pool covers the working electrode, the reference electrode and the auxiliary electrode; A stable potential difference is applied to the working electrode and the reference electrode through the signal processing system, and the current change of the working electrode is recorded; the intensity and activity of the electrochemical reaction in the sample are characterized according to the current size or change rate; Apply current to the auxiliary electrode, and an electrochemical reaction occurs between the auxiliary electrode and the working electrode; analyze the concentration or characteristics of the target substance in the sample by recording the current response of the working electrode. Then use cyclic voltammetry to apply a linear or dynamically changing potential to the sample, record the current response curve of the working electrode, and extract key feature points to analyze the presence and content of the target substance in the sample; The progesterone mathematical model was used to correlate the detection signal with the electrochemical characteristics of samples in bovine and sheep milk, and the concentration of the target substance was calculated using the standard curve.

[0012] Optionally, the current and voltage detection module monitors the current and voltage data in real time through components such as Hall sensors and shunts, and the steps are as follows: The sample of bovine and sheep milk is placed in the sample pool of the detection module, and the detection equipment is started so that the working electrode and the auxiliary electrode in the sample pool can form a stable current path. Then, the current change between the electrodes is monitored through the shunt, and the shunt converts the high current into a proportional weak voltage signal; the Hall sensor captures the actual current signal flowing through the circuit in the sample and outputs the corresponding voltage signal, and then the potential difference between the working electrode and the reference electrode is monitored in real time, and the voltage change between the electrodes is recorded. The voltage signal is collected by the Hall sensor and converted into a processable electrical signal; By periodically scanning and recording the real-time change curves of current and voltage, key data points are captured to analyze the behavior of samples under different electrochemical reaction states. The progesterone mathematical model is used to correlate the current and voltage data with the physical or chemical properties of the samples; the characteristic parameters are used to deduce the concentration and reaction rate of the target substance in the sample.

[0013] Optionally, when using the progesterone mathematical model to analyze the detection signal and calculating the progesterone concentration in bovine and sheep milk in combination with the standard curve, it is first necessary to construct the progesterone mathematical model, and the steps are: Prepare standard bovine and sheep milk samples of different concentrations, set optical signals, electrochemical signals, current and voltage signals, then filter the collected monitoring data to remove environmental noise and random interference, remove abnormal data points, and convert different signal data into a unified dimension through normalization. Analyze the correlation between the detection signal and the progesterone concentration, extract the key parameters that are highly correlated with the change in progesterone concentration, determine the characteristic variables used for model construction, and then build a standard curve of progesterone concentration and detection signal based on the extracted signal characteristics through experimental data. The key parameters include the absorbance of the optical signal and the peak current or potential of the electrochemical signal; Select the exponential model based on the standard curve and construct the relationship between the detection signal and the progesterone concentration ,in, is the progesterone concentration, To detect the signal, The model parameters are then corrected using the least squares method or other optimization algorithms. Finally, the mathematical model is verified through an independent test data set to evaluate the prediction accuracy and reliability of the model, thus completing the establishment and training of the progesterone mathematical model.

[0014] Optionally, the steps of analyzing the detection signal using the progesterone mathematical model and calculating the progesterone concentration in bovine and sheep milk in combination with the standard curve are: The collected optical, electrochemical, and current and voltage signals are filtered and denoised to remove environmental noise and outliers, and the signals are standardized to a uniform numerical range. Then, key features are extracted from the processed signals and the extracted multiple signal features are input into the progesterone concentration calculation formula, and the feature weighted signal is calculated using the feature weighted merging formula. , whose expression is: ,in, is the absorbance, is the peak current, is the peak potential, is the current change rate, is the voltage change rate; is the weight coefficient; The comprehensive feature weighted signal Input the progesterone mathematical model, match it with the standard curve, and use the formula Calculation of progesterone concentration in bovine and goat milk ,in, : experimental fitting parameters, is the nonlinear index of the signal; The calculated progesterone concentration in bovine and sheep milk Output to the display system, displayed in numerical or graphical form, and stored in the SD card.

[0015] Optionally, the power supply system includes a preprocessing module, a rectification and filtering module, and a DC / DC conversion module, wherein the preprocessing module is used to filter out noise in the power supply, the rectification and filtering module is used to convert alternating current into smooth direct current, and the DC / DC conversion module is used to generate different voltage outputs.

[0016] Optionally, the peripheral interfaces provided inside the single-chip microcomputer include, but are not limited to, an analog-to-digital converter, a digital-to-analog converter, a universal asynchronous receiver-transmitter, and a serial peripheral interface.

[0017] A method using the device for rapid detection of progesterone content in bovine and sheep milk comprises the following steps: Prepare the cow and sheep milk samples to be tested, ensure that the samples are evenly mixed, and then inject them into the sample slot or sample pool of the detection module; before the test begins, calibrate the thermistor, electrode, and photoelectric sensor using a standard thermometer, a solution with known conductivity, and a standard light source; The transmitted light, reflected light and scattered light signals of the sample are obtained through the optical detection module; the potential difference and current signals of the sample are collected through the electrochemical detection module; the current and voltage changes of the sample are monitored in real time using the Hall sensor and the shunt through the current and voltage detection module, and all the collected signals are transmitted to the signal processing system; Filter and denoise the collected optical, electrochemical, and current and voltage signals to remove environmental interference and outliers; extract key characteristic parameters of the signals, including absorbance, peak current, peak potential, current change rate, and voltage change rate; The extracted multiple characteristic parameters are input into the progesterone mathematical model, and the comprehensive characteristic weighted signal is calculated through the characteristic weighted combination formula; the comprehensive characteristic weighted signal is matched with the standard curve to calculate the progesterone concentration in the bovine and sheep milk samples. Finally, the calculated progesterone concentration data is displayed in real time in the form of numerical values ​​or charts through the display system.

[0018] After adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art. Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all the advantages described below at the same time: The present invention collects optical signals, electrochemical signals and current and voltage data of samples in bovine and sheep milk respectively through an optical detection module, an electrochemical detection module and a current and voltage detection module, and can comprehensively analyze the physical and chemical properties of samples in bovine and sheep milk from multiple dimensions. Combined with the signal processing system, the equipment can quickly and accurately process and transmit the detection data, providing reliable guarantee for subsequent analysis. In addition, the progesterone mathematical model embedded in the signal processing system combines the detection signal with the standard curve to achieve high-precision calculation of the progesterone concentration in bovine and sheep milk. This model not only improves the accuracy of the test results, but also significantly shortens the analysis time, meeting the needs of rapid detection and efficient output.

[0019] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The drawings described below are only some embodiments. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In the drawings: Figure 1 It is the modular structure diagram of the detection equipment; Figure 2 This is the working flow diagram of the detection equipment.

[0021] It should be noted that these drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the conceptual scope of the present invention in any way, but are intended to illustrate the concept of the present invention for those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] See also Figure 1-2As shown, in this embodiment, a rapid detection device for progesterone content in bovine and sheep milk is provided, including a power supply system for receiving 220V, 50Hz mains power, and outputting 5V and 3.3V direct current after filtering, rectification and voltage stabilization, which are used to power a display module, a transmission module and a single-chip microcomputer core module respectively; The signal processing system, with the STM32F407 microcontroller as the core, is responsible for signal acquisition, data processing, storage and transmission, and supports connection with external devices through multiple interfaces; Display and printing system, including high-resolution LED screen, used to display experimental data and system status, supporting multiple display modes such as text, graphics, curves, etc., and equipped with printing module and SD card storage module; The detection system includes an optical detection module, an electrochemical detection module and a current and voltage detection module, which are used to collect optical signals, electrochemical signals and current and voltage data of samples in cow and sheep milk respectively; The progesterone mathematical model is embedded in the signal processing system, and the progesterone concentration in bovine and sheep milk is calculated by analyzing the detection signal and combining it with the standard curve.

[0024] In this embodiment, the optical detection module includes a photoelectric sensor for detecting the transmitted light, reflected light or scattered light signal of the sample in the milk of cows and sheep, and the steps are as follows: The sample in the milk of cows and sheep to be tested is placed in the sample slot of the optical detection module, and then the light source in the optical detection module emits light to the sample in the milk of cows and sheep; The light from the light source is directed vertically into the sample. The sample absorbs or scatters part of the light. The remaining light passes through the sample and reaches the photoelectric sensor. The light from the light source is directed at the sample surface at a specific angle. The sample reflects part of the light to the photoelectric sensor. The photoelectric sensor detects the intensity and direction of the reflected light and converts the signal into an electrical signal that can be processed. Adjust the direction and intensity of the light source, observe the scattering behavior of the solute in the sample to the light, and use multiple sets of photoelectric sensors to capture the intensity data of scattered light in different directions. Then, send the electrical signal output by the photoelectric sensor to the signal processing system, filter and denoise the detection signal, eliminate environmental interference, and extract the key features of the signal. Finally, correlate the transmitted light, reflected light, and scattered light signal characteristics with the optical properties of the samples in bovine and sheep milk to characterize the composition and concentration of the samples.

[0025] In this embodiment, the electrochemical detection module includes a reference electrode, an auxiliary electrode and a working electrode, and analyzes the electrochemical characteristics of the sample by measuring the potential difference or current, and the steps are as follows: Inject the sample in the milk of cows and sheep to be tested into the sample pool of the electrochemical detection module, and ensure that the liquid surface in the sample pool covers the working electrode, the reference electrode and the auxiliary electrode; A stable potential difference is applied to the working electrode and the reference electrode through the signal processing system, and the current change of the working electrode is recorded; the intensity and activity of the electrochemical reaction in the sample are characterized according to the current size or change rate; Apply current to the auxiliary electrode, and an electrochemical reaction occurs between the auxiliary electrode and the working electrode; analyze the concentration or characteristics of the target substance in the sample by recording the current response of the working electrode. Then use cyclic voltammetry to apply a linear or dynamically changing potential to the sample, record the current response curve of the working electrode, and extract key feature points to analyze the presence and content of the target substance in the sample; The progesterone mathematical model is used to perform correlation analysis between the detection signal (such as potential difference, current intensity, etc.) and the electrochemical characteristics of the samples in bovine and sheep milk (such as the concentration of the target molecule), and the concentration of the target substance is calculated using the standard curve.

[0026] In this embodiment, the current and voltage detection module monitors the current and voltage data in real time through components such as Hall sensors and shunts, and the steps are as follows: The sample of bovine and sheep milk is placed in the sample pool of the detection module, and the detection equipment is started so that the working electrode and the auxiliary electrode in the sample pool can form a stable current path. Then, the current change between the electrodes is monitored through the shunt, and the shunt converts the high current into a proportional weak voltage signal; the Hall sensor captures the actual current signal flowing through the circuit in the sample and outputs the corresponding voltage signal, and then the potential difference between the working electrode and the reference electrode is monitored in real time, and the voltage change between the electrodes is recorded. The voltage signal is collected by the Hall sensor and converted into a processable electrical signal; By periodically scanning and recording the real-time change curves of current and voltage, key data points (such as current peak, voltage peak or steady-state value) are captured to analyze the behavior of samples under different electrochemical reaction states. The progesterone mathematical model is used to correlate the current and voltage data with the physical or chemical properties of the samples. The characteristic parameters (such as current intensity, voltage change rate, etc.) are used to deduce the concentration and reaction rate of the target substance in the sample.

[0027] In this embodiment, when using the progesterone mathematical model to analyze the detection signal and combining the standard curve to calculate the progesterone concentration in the milk of cattle and sheep, it is necessary to first construct the progesterone mathematical model, and the steps are as follows: Prepare standard bovine and sheep milk samples of different concentrations, set optical signals, electrochemical signals, current and voltage signals, then filter the collected monitoring data to remove environmental noise and random interference, remove abnormal data points, and convert different signal data into a unified dimension through normalization. Analyze the correlation between the detection signal and the progesterone concentration, extract the key parameters that are highly correlated with the change in progesterone concentration, determine the characteristic variables used for model construction, and then build a standard curve of progesterone concentration and detection signal based on the extracted signal characteristics through experimental data. The key parameters include the absorbance of the optical signal and the peak current or potential of the electrochemical signal; Select the exponential model based on the standard curve and construct the relationship between the detection signal and the progesterone concentration ,in, is the progesterone concentration, To detect the signal, The model parameters are then corrected using the least squares method or other optimization algorithms. Finally, the mathematical model is verified through an independent test data set to evaluate the prediction accuracy and reliability of the model, thus completing the establishment and training of the progesterone mathematical model.

[0028] In this embodiment, the steps of analyzing the detection signal using the progesterone mathematical model and calculating the progesterone concentration in the bovine and sheep milk in combination with the standard curve are as follows: The collected optical, electrochemical, and current and voltage signals are filtered and denoised to remove environmental noise and outliers, and the signals are standardized to a uniform numerical range. Then, key features are extracted from the processed signals and the extracted multiple signal features are input into the progesterone concentration calculation formula, and the feature weighted signal is calculated using the feature weighted merging formula. , whose expression is: ,in, is the absorbance, is the peak current, is the peak potential, is the current change rate, is the voltage change rate; is the weight coefficient, determined based on experimental design and multiple regression analysis The comprehensive feature weighted signal Input the progesterone mathematical model, match it with the standard curve, and use the formula Calculation of progesterone concentration in bovine and goat milk ,in, : experimental fitting parameters, is the nonlinear index of the signal; The calculated progesterone concentration in bovine and sheep milk Output to the display system, displayed in numerical or graphical form, and stored in the SD card.

[0029] In this embodiment, the power supply system includes a preprocessing module, a rectification and filtering module, and a DC / DC conversion module, wherein the preprocessing module is used to filter out noise in the power supply, the rectification and filtering module is used to convert alternating current into smooth direct current, and the DC / DC conversion module is used to generate different voltage outputs.

[0030] In this embodiment, the peripheral interfaces provided inside the single-chip microcomputer include but are not limited to an analog-to-digital converter, a digital-to-analog converter, a universal asynchronous receiver-transmitter, and a serial peripheral interface.

[0031] Example 1 Before the test begins, the thermistor is calibrated using a standard thermometer to ensure that it can accurately reflect the actual temperature in the milk of cows and sheep; the electrode is calibrated using a standard solution with known conductivity to ensure the reliability of electrode measurement; the optical detection module is calibrated using a standard light source and detector to ensure the accuracy of the optical signal measurement; at the same time, the ear tag information of cows and sheep is identified by a barcode scanner and associated with the test data to ensure the correctness of the test object.

[0032] Insert the thermistor into the sample in the milk of cows and sheep, record the resistance value of the thermistor after the sample reaches thermal equilibrium, and convert it into actual temperature data in the milk of cows and sheep using the calibration formula; then, insert the electrode into the sample in the milk of cows and sheep, ensure that the electrode is in full contact with the milk of cows and sheep, start the conductivity measurement function, record the conductivity data, and preliminarily judge the concentration of progesterone in the milk of cows and sheep through the conductivity value, providing a reference for subsequent optical and electrochemical detection.

[0033] The optical properties of samples in cow and sheep milk are measured by the optical detection module. First, the samples are placed under specific light, and the intensity of the light source is adjusted to adapt to the light transmittance in cow and sheep milk. The intensity of the transmitted light is detected and recorded to analyze the content and distribution of solid matter in the samples. Secondly, the light is directed to the surface of the cow and sheep milk at a certain angle, and the intensity and direction of the reflected light are recorded. The structure and composition of the surface in the cow and sheep milk are analyzed based on the data.

[0034] The collected electrical signals (such as temperature and conductivity) and optical signals (such as transmitted light and reflected light) are preprocessed, and outliers are removed using filtering and denoising techniques. The data are then standardized to ensure that the data are analyzed under a unified dimension. The preprocessed data are compared with the established standard curve to determine the closest data point, and the progesterone concentration in bovine and sheep milk is calculated using interpolation or regression methods.

[0035] The calculated progesterone concentration is combined with other detection indicators (such as fat content, protein content) to comprehensively analyze the current physiological state of cattle and sheep and determine their estrus or pregnancy stage; further evaluate the health status of cattle and sheep, including nutritional status, disease risk and production capacity, and provide specific suggestions for cattle and sheep breeding management.

[0036] After the test is completed, the relevant test data records will be saved in the storage device to support subsequent data analysis, result verification and management traceability. At the same time, the data can be uploaded to the smart ranch management platform to realize remote monitoring and big data analysis functions.

[0037] A method using the device for rapid detection of progesterone content in bovine and sheep milk comprises the following steps: Prepare the cow and sheep milk samples to be tested, ensure that the samples are evenly mixed, and then inject them into the sample slot or sample pool of the detection module; before the test begins, calibrate the thermistor, electrode, and photoelectric sensor using a standard thermometer, a solution with known conductivity, and a standard light source; The transmitted light, reflected light and scattered light signals of the sample are obtained through the optical detection module; the potential difference and current signals of the sample are collected through the electrochemical detection module; the current and voltage changes of the sample are monitored in real time using the Hall sensor and the shunt through the current and voltage detection module, and all the collected signals are transmitted to the signal processing system; Filter and denoise the collected optical, electrochemical, and current and voltage signals to remove environmental interference and outliers; extract key characteristic parameters of the signals, including absorbance, peak current, peak potential, current change rate, and voltage change rate; The extracted multiple characteristic parameters are input into the progesterone mathematical model, and the comprehensive characteristic weighted signal is calculated through the characteristic weighted combination formula; the comprehensive characteristic weighted signal is matched with the standard curve to calculate the progesterone concentration in the bovine and sheep milk samples. Finally, the calculated progesterone concentration data is displayed in real time in the form of numerical values ​​or charts through the display system.

[0038] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. Anyone should be aware that any structural changes made under the enlightenment of the present invention, and any technical solutions that are the same or similar to the present invention, fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The technology, shape, and structural parts not described in detail in the present invention are all well-known technologies.

Claims

1. A rapid detection device for progesterone content in bovine and sheep milk, characterized in that: include: The power supply system is used to receive 220V, 50Hz mains electricity, and after filtering, rectification and voltage stabilization, output 5V and 3.3V DC power to power the display module, transmission module and single-chip core module respectively; The signal processing system, with the STM32F407 microcontroller as the core, is responsible for signal acquisition, data processing, storage and transmission, and supports connection with external devices through multiple interfaces; Display and printing system, including high-resolution LED screen, used to display experimental data and system status, supporting multiple display modes such as text, graphics, curves, etc., and equipped with printing module and SD card storage module; The detection system includes an optical detection module, an electrochemical detection module and a current and voltage detection module, which are used to collect optical signals, electrochemical signals and current and voltage data of samples in cow and sheep milk respectively; The progesterone mathematical model is embedded in the signal processing system, and the progesterone concentration in bovine and sheep milk is calculated by analyzing the detection signal and combining it with the standard curve.

2. The rapid detection device for progesterone content in bovine and sheep milk according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical detection module includes a photoelectric sensor for detecting the transmitted light, reflected light or scattered light signal of the sample in the milk of cows and sheep, and the steps are as follows: The sample in the milk of the cow or goat to be tested is placed in the sample slot of the optical detection module, and then the light source in the optical detection module emits light to the sample in the milk of the cow or goat; The light from the light source is directed vertically into the sample. The sample absorbs or scatters part of the light. The remaining light passes through the sample and reaches the photoelectric sensor. The light from the light source is directed at the sample surface at a specific angle. The sample reflects part of the light to the photoelectric sensor. The photoelectric sensor detects the intensity and direction of the reflected light and converts the signal into an electrical signal that can be processed. Adjust the direction and intensity of the light source, observe the scattering behavior of the solute in the sample to the light, and use multiple sets of photoelectric sensors to capture the intensity data of scattered light in different directions. Then, send the electrical signal output by the photoelectric sensor to the signal processing system, filter and denoise the detection signal, eliminate environmental interference, and extract the key features of the signal. Finally, correlate the transmitted light, reflected light, and scattered light signal characteristics with the optical properties of the samples in bovine and sheep milk to characterize the composition and concentration of the samples.

3. The rapid detection device for progesterone content in bovine and sheep milk according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrochemical detection module includes a reference electrode, an auxiliary electrode, and a working electrode. It analyzes the electrochemical characteristics of the sample by measuring the potential difference or current. The steps are as follows: Inject the sample in the milk of cows and sheep to be tested into the sample pool of the electrochemical detection module, and ensure that the liquid surface in the sample pool covers the working electrode, the reference electrode and the auxiliary electrode; A stable potential difference is applied to the working electrode and the reference electrode through the signal processing system, and the current change of the working electrode is recorded; the intensity and activity of the electrochemical reaction in the sample are characterized according to the current size or change rate; Apply current to the auxiliary electrode, and an electrochemical reaction occurs between the auxiliary electrode and the working electrode; analyze the concentration or characteristics of the target substance in the sample by recording the current response of the working electrode. Then use cyclic voltammetry to apply a linear or dynamically changing potential to the sample, record the current response curve of the working electrode, and extract key feature points to analyze the presence and content of the target substance in the sample; The progesterone mathematical model was used to correlate the detection signal with the electrochemical characteristics of samples in bovine and sheep milk, and the concentration of the target substance was calculated using the standard curve.

4. The rapid detection device for progesterone content in bovine and sheep milk according to claim 1, characterized in that: The current and voltage detection module monitors the current and voltage data in real time through components such as Hall sensors and shunts. The steps are as follows: The sample of bovine and sheep milk is placed in the sample pool of the detection module, and the detection equipment is started so that the working electrode and the auxiliary electrode in the sample pool can form a stable current path. Then, the current change between the electrodes is monitored through the shunt, and the shunt converts the high current into a proportional weak voltage signal; the Hall sensor captures the actual current signal flowing through the circuit in the sample and outputs the corresponding voltage signal, and then the potential difference between the working electrode and the reference electrode is monitored in real time, and the voltage change between the electrodes is recorded. The voltage signal is collected by the Hall sensor and converted into a processable electrical signal; By periodically scanning and recording the real-time curves of current and voltage, key data points are captured to analyze the behavior of samples under different electrochemical reaction states. The progesterone mathematical model is used to correlate the current and voltage data with the physical or chemical properties of the samples. The characteristic parameters are used to deduce the concentration and reaction rate of the target substance in the sample.

5. The rapid detection device for progesterone content in bovine and sheep milk according to claim 1, characterized in that: When using the progesterone mathematical model to analyze the detection signal and calculate the progesterone concentration in bovine and sheep milk in combination with the standard curve, it is necessary to first construct the progesterone mathematical model, and the steps are as follows: Prepare standard bovine and sheep milk samples of different concentrations, set optical signals, electrochemical signals, current and voltage signals, then filter the collected monitoring data to remove environmental noise and random interference, remove abnormal data points, and convert different signal data into a unified dimension through normalization. Analyze the correlation between the detection signal and the progesterone concentration, extract the key parameters that are highly correlated with the change in progesterone concentration, determine the characteristic variables used for model construction, and then build a standard curve of progesterone concentration and detection signal based on the extracted signal characteristics through experimental data. The key parameters include the absorbance of the optical signal and the peak current or potential of the electrochemical signal; Select the exponential model based on the standard curve and construct the relationship between the detection signal and the progesterone concentration ,in, is the progesterone concentration, To detect the signal, The model parameters are then corrected using the least squares method or other optimization algorithms. Finally, the mathematical model is verified through an independent test data set to evaluate the prediction accuracy and reliability of the model, thus completing the establishment and training of the progesterone mathematical model.

6. The rapid detection device for progesterone content in bovine and sheep milk according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps of analyzing the detection signal using the progesterone mathematical model and calculating the progesterone concentration in bovine and sheep milk in combination with the standard curve are as follows: The collected optical, electrochemical, and current and voltage signals are filtered and denoised to remove environmental noise and outliers, and the signals are standardized to a uniform numerical range. Then, key features are extracted from the processed signals and the extracted multiple signal features are input into the progesterone concentration calculation formula, and the feature weighted signal is calculated using the feature weighted merging formula. , whose expression is: ,in, is the absorbance, is the peak current, is the peak potential, is the current change rate, is the voltage change rate; is the weight coefficient; The comprehensive feature weighted signal Input the progesterone mathematical model, match it with the standard curve, and use the formula Calculation of progesterone concentration in bovine and goat milk ,in, : experimental fitting parameters, is the nonlinear index of the signal; The calculated progesterone concentration in bovine and sheep milk Output to the display system, displayed in numerical or graphical form, and stored in the SD card.

7. The rapid detection device for progesterone content in bovine and sheep milk according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply system includes a preprocessing module, a rectification and filtering module, and a DC / DC conversion module. The preprocessing module is used to filter out noise in the power supply, the rectification and filtering module is used to convert AC power into smooth DC power, and the DC / DC conversion module is used to generate different voltage outputs.

8. The rapid detection device for progesterone content in bovine and sheep milk according to claim 1, characterized in that: The peripheral interfaces provided inside the single-chip microcomputer include, but are not limited to, analog-to-digital converters, digital-to-analog converters, universal asynchronous receiver-transmitter transmitters, and serial peripheral interfaces.

9. A method using the rapid detection device for progesterone content in bovine and sheep milk according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Prepare the cow and sheep milk samples to be tested, ensure that the samples are evenly mixed, and then inject them into the sample slot or sample pool of the detection module; before the test begins, calibrate the thermistor, electrode, and photoelectric sensor using a standard thermometer, a solution with known conductivity, and a standard light source; The transmitted light, reflected light and scattered light signals of the sample are obtained through the optical detection module; the potential difference and current signals of the sample are collected through the electrochemical detection module; The current and voltage changes of the sample are monitored in real time using Hall sensors and shunts through the current and voltage detection module, and all collected signals are transmitted to the signal processing system; Filter and denoise the collected optical, electrochemical, and current and voltage signals to remove environmental interference and outliers; extract key characteristic parameters of the signals, including absorbance, peak current, peak potential, current change rate, and voltage change rate; The extracted multiple characteristic parameters are input into the progesterone mathematical model, and the comprehensive characteristic weighted signal is calculated through the characteristic weighted combination formula; the comprehensive characteristic weighted signal is matched with the standard curve to calculate the progesterone concentration in the bovine and sheep milk samples. Finally, the calculated progesterone concentration data is displayed in real time in the form of numerical values ​​or charts through the display system.

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