Annona squamosa production and sightseeing cultivation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a pineapple annona squamosa production and sightseeing cultivation method which comprises the following steps: S1, garden selection: S11, selecting a flat land suitable for tropical and subtropical regions, a gentle slope land below 5 degrees or a horizontal step to plant pineapple annona squamosa; s2, soil preparation and planting planning, including the following sub-steps: S21, clearing weeds, sundries, stones and the like hindering tillage in the garden 2-3 months before field planting, and then performing comprehensive deep tillage; and S22, harrowing soil blocks and leveling the land after exposing to the sun for one month, and determining the downwind direction as the planting row direction. According to the annona squamosa production and sightseeing cultivation method, the attractiveness of a sightseeing orchard is improved, the whole row of trees are connected into a whole through a grafting method, the whole row serves as a vegetative body, water and nutrients can circulate mutually, each single plant grows evenly, the pruning technical difficulty and the training difficulty for producers are greatly reduced, and the production cost is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pineapple sugar-apple cultivation, in particular to a pineapple sugar-apple production and sightseeing cultivation method. Background Art

[0002] The fruit of pineapple sugar apple has a special flavor, with the flavor of tropical fruits such as pineapple, guava, and coconut. It is favored by consumers and has a high price. The market is currently in short supply. At present, the planting row spacing of pineapple sugar apple high-yield gardens is mainly 3m×4m and 4m×4m. A very small number of them are 3m×5m or 3m×6m, 667m for the convenience of mechanical tillage and mechanical fertilization. 2 Plant 37 to 56 plants. After they are established and survive, leave 3 to 4 first-level main branches on the main trunk, and leave 1 to 2 second-level main branches or no second-level main branches on each first-level main branch. At the end of the fruit-bearing season in spring each year, heavy pruning should be done in mid-to-late March when most of the buds have sprouted, and the large branches on the top of the crown should be cut back to the first or second-level main branches. If the production period is adjusted, pruning techniques should be used from June to September. The crown should retain 4-6 to 10 evenly distributed upright spring shoots, and the remaining fully developed spring shoots should be shortened to about 10 cm in length, and 2 to 3 leaves at the top should be removed. All weak branches, overcrowded branches, diseased and insect-infested branches should be cut off, and all flowers and summer fruits should be thinned out, so that the tree can bear fruit once a year.

[0003] Pineapple sugar-apple has a strong ability to sprout new shoots, and the new shoots grow fast. At least 3 to 4 prunings are required during the annual production process. For example, if a tourist orchard carries out year-round production, 7 to 8 prunings are required, including pruning to promote flowering and thinning out dense, weak, and diseased branches. The pruning technology is demanding, the training cost for technical workers is high, and the training difficulty is also great. Moreover, for tourist orchards, the existing shaping technology does not have an ideal sightseeing effect. In addition, pineapple sugar-apple requires artificial pollination, and the pollination time is in the evening and at night. Labor costs account for the main part of the production cost of pineapple sugar-apple. Faced with the current shortage of labor in agricultural production, it is difficult to achieve large-scale production of pineapple sugar-apple, and the industry is developing slowly.

[0004] The photosynthetic efficiency of pineapple sugar apple leaves is low, and the flower-promoting pruning is heavy pruning. After pruning, only the primary main branches or only the primary and secondary main branches are retained. The nutrients stored on the main branches are limited. Even if heavy and frequent fertilization is used after pruning, if the single tree bears too much fruit, it will cause the tree to be seriously weakened, affecting the fruit quality of the current year and the yield of the next year. The existing technology has a 667m 2 Plant 37 to 56 plants. If the planting density is too high, the ventilation and light transmission will be poor, the number of flowers will be small, and the yield will be directly affected.

[0005] In short, compared with other fruits, pineapple sugar apple pruning technology requirements are relatively high, the labor cost is relatively high, and its own botanical properties determine that the planting density is not easy to be too large, and the yield is greatly limited. In addition, the soil types in the main cultivation areas are complex and diverse, and the fertility is uneven. It is difficult for fruit trees in the same garden to grow uniformly, which is not conducive to the realization of modern agricultural management. Therefore, optimizing the cultivation mode, reasonably increasing the planting density, and innovating technology to adapt to modern agricultural production can maximize the increase of farmers' income and agricultural efficiency. Moreover, my country's pineapple and sugar apple production areas are mainly concentrated in tropical and subtropical river valleys and hilly areas below 1,200 meters above sea level. The soil types are diverse, the structure is complex, and the fertility is uneven. The fruit trees in the same orchard are uneven, and the yields of individual trees are uneven. At present, when water and fertilizer integration is widely used, it is difficult to supply water and fertilizer on demand for fruit trees in the same water and fertilizer integration irrigation area with a fixed quota and average supply of water and fertilizer. The average supply of water and fertilizer leads to serious polarization of the growth of fruit trees in the same area. Limited by the fast-growing characteristics of pineapple sugar apple, it requires a large growth space. In the current cultivation mode, the number of plants per unit area is small, with a planting area of ​​667m2. 2 Only 30 trees were planted on the slope, with a height of 1.5 m2 per 667 m2. 2 A maximum of 56 plants can be planted on flat land. The fruit yield per plant and per batch and annual fruit yield can be limited to improve fruit quality and marketability. In the face of the current situation of scarce arable land and limited land resources, existing production technology has not yet achieved maximum yield and benefits. Moreover, for tourist orchards, the existing shaping technology leaves 3 to 4 primary main branches on the main trunk to form a happy-shaped crown. This is a commonly used shaping method for fruit trees, which is not creative enough and the sightseeing effect is not ideal.

[0006] Therefore, we proposed a pineapple sugar apple production and sightseeing cultivation method to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for producing and cultivating pineapple sugar apple for sightseeing, so as to solve the problem that it is difficult for fruit trees in the same garden to grow uniformly, which is not conducive to the realization of modern agricultural management. The existing shaping technology leaves 3 to 4 primary main branches on the trunk to form a happy-shaped crown. This is a shaping method commonly used on fruit trees, which is not creative enough and has unsatisfactory sightseeing effects.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for producing and cultivating pineapple sugar apple for sightseeing, comprising the following steps: S1. Garden selection, including the following sub-steps: S11. Select flat land suitable for tropical and subtropical areas, gentle slopes below 5° or horizontal steps to plant pineapple sugar apples; S2, land preparation and planting planning, including the following sub-steps: S21. 2 to 3 months before planting, weeds, debris, stones, etc. that may hinder cultivation in the garden should be cleared away, and then deep plowing should be carried out; S22. After one month of exposure to the sun, rake and break up the soil and level the land. Determine the downwind direction as the planting row direction, calibrate the row spacing according to 2m×3m, and dig planting holes; S23. After the excavated soil is fully mixed with 40-50 kg of straw, humus soil, farmyard manure and other organic matter, it is backfilled to about 20 cm above the ground. After about 30 days, the soil tray sinks to the surface and can be planted. If backfilling is done in the dry season, water the planting hole appropriately after backfilling to promote the decomposition of organic matter; S3, colonization, includes the following sub-steps: S31. One-year-old grafted nutrient bag seedlings are used for planting. Before planting, the seedlings are shortened to 7-8 cm above the grafting point; S32, remove all leaves on the seedlings, remove the nutrient bags, dig a small hole in the prepared planting hole for planting, and the planting depth is based on the grafting point being 3 to 5 cm from the ground; S33. Use drip irrigation technology. Immediately after planting, water thoroughly to establish roots. Then follow the principle of small amounts and multiple times. Do not water too much at a time. The number and amount of watering depends on the climate. Keep the soil moist. S4, fertilizer and water management, including the following sub-steps: S41, fertilization; S411. Young trees: 1-2 year old young trees should be given 20kg of organic fertilizer, 300g of urea, 200g of superphosphate and 200g of compound fertilizer each year; S412. High-yield trees: Pineapple and Custard Apple fruit trees require a large amount of fertilizer. The amount is determined according to the tree age, tree vigor, and fruiting conditions. A 3-4 year old tree requires 30 kg of organic fertilizer, 400 g of urea, 500 g of superphosphate, 1000 g of compound fertilizer, and 400 g of trace element fertilizer per year. S42. Water management: The root system of pineapple sugar apple is shallow, so it is afraid of drought and waterlogging. The amount of watering should be based on soaking the soil in the main root distribution layer. In addition to keeping the soil moist during flowering and pollination, if the climate is hot and dry, the crown should be sprayed with water between 4 and 5 pm on the day of pollination; S5, shaping and pruning, including the following sub-steps: S51, young trees; S511. After the new buds of the seedlings sprout, keep one new shoot that grows vigorously and upright, and cut off the rest of the new shoots. If the new shoot grows obliquely, fix it with a bracket to keep it upright and keep it as the main trunk; S512, when fully mature, cut short at 1.3m from the ground, remove 2-3 top leaves to promote branching; S513. After the new shoots sprout, select one branch with vigorous growth on the same side of the row. When the branch grows to about 100 cm, start pulling the branch to make it grow horizontally. S514, after pulling the branches, the whole row of branches grows to the same side along the row. When the branches grow to the adjacent plants, tie the branches to the adjacent branches, remove a pair of opposite leaves every 20 cm to promote the germination of secondary branches, and when the branches grow into a fixed shape and are not easy to break, cut them at the tied connection, and graft the branch ends to the adjacent plant branches by grafting. In this way, the whole row of trees will eventually be connected as one; S515: When the secondary branches grow to 40-50 cm, they are cut short. After cutting, the secondary branches are kept at 8-10 cm and are neatly distributed in a "comb" shape. S52, fruit tree; S521. After harvesting the fruit every year, cut off all branches on the main trunk from the base, cut off all branches on the main branches, cut back to the secondary branches that were kept during the pruning of the young trees, and cut off all branches other than those reserved; S522. The second pruning is combined with fruit thinning, about 70 days after pollination. At this time, the longitudinal diameter of the fruit is 3-4 cm. Small fruits, deformed fruits, diseased fruits, and excess fruits are thinned out, and one normally developed fruit is retained in each cluster of flowers; S523. Remove all the drooping empty branches, weak branches, overcrowded branches, diseased and insect-infested branches, and side branches sprouting from the main trunk from the base, and keep healthy fruit branches and nutrient branches in the middle and upper parts. After fruit thinning and pruning, keep about 30 fruits with standard shape and even distribution on each plant, and keep 40 to 50 evenly distributed and well-developed upright or semi-upright summer shoots in the crown. S524. If the fruit maturity period needs to be adjusted to winter and spring, the spring shoots should be cut back in June and July, and 2 to 3 upright medium-sized spring shoots should be evenly retained on each plant. The fully developed spring shoots should be cut back to about 5 to 7 cm in length, and 2 to 3 leaves at the top should be removed. All overcrowded branches, diseased and insect-infested branches, weak branches and self-pollinated young fruits should be removed from the base. S6, pollination, comprising the following sub-steps: S61. About one month after the pruning, the new shoots begin to bloom. Artificial pollination is carried out between 18:00 in the evening and 22:00 at night. Pollen is directly collected from all the open flowers. Use a soft brush or pollinator to immediately pollinate the stigma of the petals that are slightly open or half open. S7, fruit bagging, including the following sub-steps: S71. After thinning, the fruits can be bagged using opaque double-layer kraft paper bags, one fruit per bag; S8. Main pests and diseases and their control methods, including the following sub-steps: S81. Ulcers caused by sunburn: The growth of sugar apple fruit consumes a lot of nutrients and water from the tree. After spring pruning, there is no leaf shade, and the main branches are exposed to the scorching sun. The bark on the sunny side of the trunk is prone to dehydration and cracking and infection with bacteria. The prevention and control methods are: maintain sufficient water supply during the dry and high temperature season, and apply quicklime and lime sulfur mixture to the trunk after spring pruning, which can effectively reduce sunburn and wound infection; S82, scale insects: After each pruning, remove the cut branches and weeds in time, and spray the whole plant and the ground with pesticides to kill scale insects; S83, citrus fruit fly: bag the fruits and hang fruit fly traps, bait balls and yellow boards in the orchard.

[0009] Preferably, the garden in S11 requires an annual average temperature of 20-26° C. and an annual average rainfall of 400-2000 mm.

[0010] Preferably, the deep plowing depth of the garden in S21 ranges from 0.8m to 1.0m.

[0011] Preferably, the width and depth of the planting hole in S22 are 0.6m×0.6m×0.6m respectively.

[0012] Preferably, the best time for planting in S31 is February to March and June to July.

[0013] Preferably, the organic fertilizer, superphosphate and compound fertilizer in S411 are applied all at once after spring pruning, and urea is topdressed in April, June and September respectively to promote tree growth and crown formation.

[0014] Preferably, the organic fertilizer, superphosphate and compound fertilizer in S412 are applied all at once before or after spring pruning, and urea and trace element fertilizer are applied once every 20 days after fruit setting, for four consecutive times.

[0015] Preferably, the main trunk in S511 is 1.8 to 2.0 m long.

[0016] Preferably, in said S61, only one flower is pollinated in a cluster, 50 to 60 flowers are pollinated per plant, and pollen can be collected from weak branches, but weak branches and diseased and insect-infested branches are not suitable for pollination.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the pineapple sugar apple production and sightseeing cultivation method increases the aesthetics of the sightseeing orchard, connects the entire row of trees into one by a grafting method, and the entire row serves as a nutrient body, so that water and nutrients can flow mutually, and each individual plant grows evenly, which greatly reduces the difficulty of pruning technology and the difficulty of training producers, and saves production costs. The specific contents are as follows: This technology has beautiful tree shapes and good sightseeing effects, increasing the aesthetics of sightseeing orchards; The whole row of trees is connected by grafting, and the whole row acts as a nutrient body, so that water and nutrients can flow back and forth, and each individual tree grows evenly; The pruning technology of pineapple sugar apple is extremely difficult for ordinary agricultural producers to master and requires a long training time. This technology only retains one primary branch and only about 20 secondary branches. When the fruit tree is pruned for the first time each year, except for the primary branches and secondary branches, the remaining branches are thinned out from the base. The operation is extremely simple and relatively easy for ordinary producers to accept. Due to the simple tree structure and relatively few branches, ordinary producers can quickly master and accept both production period adjustment and fruit thinning pruning, which greatly reduces the difficulty of pruning technology and the difficulty of training producers, saving production costs. Using this technology, every 667m 2 Planted 111 pineapple sugar apples. Compared with the existing technology, although the yield per plant has decreased, the number of plants has increased by 1 or more times, and the overall yield per unit area has increased. Because water and nutrients can flow between each plant, each plant is evenly supplied, and the tree shape is standardized, ventilation and light transmission are good, the fruit quality is also greatly improved; This technology only leaves one primary main branch on each plant, and the branch with the most appropriate position can be selected as the main branch. During shaping, mechanical damage caused by excessive correction due to improper position or uneven development of branch groups after damage is avoided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the grafting method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] See also Figure 1-Figure 2 , the present invention provides the following technical solutions: Embodiment 1: The pineapple sugar apple production and sightseeing cultivation method in this embodiment comprises the following steps: Step 1: Garden selection, including the following sub-steps: 1. Choose flat land, gentle slopes below 5° or horizontal steps suitable for tropical and subtropical areas to plant pineapple sugar apples. The annual average temperature of the garden should be 20-26℃ and the annual average rainfall should be 400-2000mm. Step 2: Land preparation and planting planning, including the following sub-steps: 1. 2 to 3 months before planting, weeds, debris, stones, etc. that hinder cultivation in the garden should be cleared away, and then deep plowing should be carried out. The deep plowing depth of the garden should range from 0.8m to 1.0m. 2. After one month of exposure to the sun, rake up the soil and level the land. Determine the downwind direction as the planting row direction. According to the 2m×3m plant spacing, dig planting holes. The width and depth of the planting holes are 0.6m×0.6m×0.6m respectively; 3. After the excavated soil is fully mixed with 40-50kg of straw, humus soil, farmyard manure and other organic matter, backfill to about 20cm above the ground. After about 30 days, the soil tray sinks to the surface and can be planted. If backfilling is done in the dry season, water the planting hole appropriately after backfilling to promote the decomposition of organic matter; Step 3: Planting, including the following sub-steps: 1. The seedlings are transplanted with one-year-old grafted nutrient bag seedlings. Before transplanting, the seedlings are shortened to 7-8cm above the grafting point. The best transplanting time is February-March and June-July. 2. Remove all leaves from the seedlings, remove the nutrient bags, dig a small hole in the prepared planting hole, and plant the seeds. The planting depth should be 3 to 5 cm from the grafting point to the ground. 3. Use drip irrigation technology, water thoroughly after planting, and then follow the principle of small amounts and multiple times. The amount of watering at a time should not be too much. The number of watering times and the amount of watering depend on the climate conditions. Just keep the soil moist. Step 4: Fertilizer and water management, including the following sub-steps: 1. Fertilization; (1) Young trees: 1-2 year old young trees should be fertilized with 20 kg of organic fertilizer, 300 g of urea, 200 g of superphosphate, and 200 g of compound fertilizer each year. Organic fertilizer, superphosphate, and compound fertilizer should be applied all at once after spring pruning, and urea should be applied in April, June, and September to promote tree growth and crown formation. (2) High-yield trees: Pineapple and sugar apple fruit trees require a large amount of fertilizer. The amount is determined according to the age, vigor and fruiting conditions of the tree. A 3-4 year old tree requires 30 kg of organic fertilizer, 400 g of urea, 500 g of superphosphate, 1000 g of compound fertilizer and 400 g of trace element fertilizer per year. Organic fertilizer, superphosphate and compound fertilizer should be applied all at once before or after spring pruning. Urea and trace element fertilizer should be applied once every 20 days after fruiting, for four consecutive times. 2. Water management: The root system of pineapple sugar apple is shallow, so it is afraid of drought and waterlogging. The amount of watering should be based on the soil in the main root distribution layer being wet. In addition to keeping the soil moist during flowering and pollination, if the climate is hot and dry, the crown should be sprayed with water from 4 to 5 pm on the day of pollination; Step 5: Shaping and pruning, including the following sub-steps: 1. Saplings; (1) After the seedlings sprout, keep one new shoot that grows vigorously and upright, and cut off the rest. If the new shoot grows tilted, fix it with a bracket to keep it upright and keep it as the main trunk. The main trunk grows to 1.8-2.0m; (2) When the plant is fully mature, prune it 1.3 m above the ground and remove 2 to 3 top leaves to promote branching. (3) After the new shoots sprout, select a branch with vigorous growth on the same side of the row. When the branch grows to about 100 cm, start pulling the branch to make it grow horizontally. (4) After pulling the branches, the entire row of branches grows along the same side of the row. When the branches grow to the adjacent plants, tie them to the adjacent branches. Remove a pair of opposite leaves every 20 cm to promote the germination of secondary branches. When the branches grow into a fixed shape and are not easy to break, cut them off at the tied connection and graft the branch ends to the adjacent branches by grafting. In this way, the entire row of trees will eventually be connected as one. (5) When the secondary branches grow to 40-50 cm, they are pruned short. After pruning, the secondary branches are left with 8-10 cm in length and are neatly distributed in a "comb" shape. 2. Fruit trees; (1) After harvesting the fruit every year, cut off all branches on the main trunk from the base, cut off all branches on the main branches, cut back to the secondary branches that were retained during the pruning of the young trees, and cut off all branches other than the reserved ones; (2) The second pruning is combined with fruit thinning, which is carried out about 70 days after pollination. At this time, the longitudinal diameter of the fruit is 3 to 4 cm. Small fruits, deformed fruits, diseased fruits, insect-infested fruits, and excess fruits are thinned out, and one normally developed fruit is retained in each cluster of flowers. (3) All the drooping empty branches, weak branches, overcrowded branches, diseased and insect-infested branches, and side branches sprouting from the main trunk should be thinned out from the base, and healthy fruit branches and nutrient branches in the middle and upper parts should be retained. After fruit thinning and pruning, each plant should retain about 30 fruits with standard shape and even distribution, and the crown should retain 40 to 50 evenly distributed and well-developed upright or semi-upright summer shoots; (4) If the fruit maturity period needs to be adjusted to winter and spring, the spring shoots should be cut back in June and July, and 2 to 3 upright medium-sized spring shoots should be evenly retained on each plant. The fully developed spring shoots should be shortened to about 5 to 7 cm in length, and 2 to 3 leaves at the top should be removed. All overcrowded branches, diseased and insect-infested branches, weak branches and self-pollinated young fruits should be removed from the base. Step 6: Pollination, including the following sub-steps: 1. About one month after the pruning, the new shoots begin to bloom. Artificial pollination is carried out between 18:00 in the evening and 22:00 at night. Pollen is directly taken from all the open flowers. Use a soft brush or pollinator to immediately pollinate the stigma of the petals that are slightly open or half open. Only one flower is pollinated in a cluster of flowers, and 50 to 60 flowers are pollinated per plant. Pollen can be taken from weak branches, but weak branches and diseased and insect-infested branches are not suitable for pollination. Step 7: fruit bagging, including the following sub-steps: 1. After thinning, the fruits can be bagged. Use opaque double-layer kraft paper bags, one bag for one fruit; Step 8. Main pests and diseases and their control methods, including the following sub-steps: 1. Ulcers caused by sunburn: The growth of pineapple sugar apple fruit consumes a lot of tree nutrients and water. After spring pruning, there is no leaf shade, and the main branches are exposed to the scorching sun. The bark on the sunny side of the trunk is prone to dehydration and cracking and infection with bacteria. The prevention and control methods are: maintain sufficient water supply in the dry and high temperature season, and apply quicklime and lime sulfur mixture to the trunk after spring pruning, which can effectively reduce sunburn and wound infection; 2. Scale insects: After each pruning, remove the cut branches and weeds in time, and spray the whole plant and the ground with pesticides to kill scale insects; 3. Ornamental fruit fly: Bag the fruits and hang fruit fly traps, bait balls and yellow boards in the orchard.

[0021] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for producing and cultivating pineapple sugar apple for sightseeing, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Garden selection, including the following sub-steps: S11. Select flat land suitable for tropical and subtropical areas, gentle slopes below 5° or horizontal steps to plant pineapple sugar apples; S2, land preparation and planting planning, including the following sub-steps: S21. 2 to 3 months before planting, weeds, debris, stones, etc. that may hinder cultivation in the garden should be cleared away, and then deep plowing should be carried out; S22. After one month of exposure to the sun, rake and break up the soil and level the land. Determine the downwind direction as the planting row direction, calibrate the row spacing according to 2m×3m, and dig planting holes; S23. After the excavated soil is fully mixed with 40-50 kg of straw, humus soil, farmyard manure and other organic matter, it is backfilled to about 20 cm above the ground. After about 30 days, the soil tray sinks to the surface and can be planted. If backfilling is done in the dry season, water the planting hole appropriately after backfilling to promote the decomposition of organic matter; S3, colonization, includes the following sub-steps: S31. One-year-old grafted nutrient bag seedlings are used for planting. Before planting, the seedlings are shortened to 7-8 cm above the grafting point; S32, remove all leaves on the seedlings, remove the nutrient bags, dig a small hole in the prepared planting hole for planting, and the planting depth is based on the grafting point being 3 to 5 cm from the ground; S33. Use drip irrigation technology. Immediately after planting, water thoroughly to establish roots. Then follow the principle of small amounts and multiple times. Do not water too much at a time. The number and amount of watering depends on the climate. Keep the soil moist. S4, fertilizer and water management, including the following sub-steps: S41, fertilization; S411. Young trees: 1-2 year old young trees should be given 20kg of organic fertilizer, 300g of urea, 200g of superphosphate and 200g of compound fertilizer each year; S412. High-yield trees: Pineapple and Custard Apple fruit trees require a large amount of fertilizer. The amount is determined according to the tree age, tree vigor, and fruiting conditions. A 3-4 year old tree requires 30 kg of organic fertilizer, 400 g of urea, 500 g of superphosphate, 1000 g of compound fertilizer, and 400 g of trace element fertilizer per year. S42. Water management: The root system of pineapple sugar apple is shallow, so it is afraid of drought and waterlogging. The amount of watering should be based on soaking the soil in the main root distribution layer. In addition to keeping the soil moist during flowering and pollination, if the climate is hot and dry, the crown should be sprayed with water between 4 and 5 pm on the day of pollination; S5, shaping and pruning, including the following sub-steps: S51, young trees; S511. After the new buds of the seedlings sprout, keep one new shoot that grows vigorously and upright, and cut off the rest of the new shoots. If the new shoot grows obliquely, fix it with a bracket to keep it upright and keep it as the main trunk; S512, when fully mature, cut short at 1.3m from the ground, remove 2-3 top leaves to promote branching; S513. After the new shoots sprout, select one branch with vigorous growth on the same side of the row. When the branch grows to about 100 cm, start pulling the branch to make it grow horizontally. S514, after pulling the branches, the whole row of branches grows to the same side along the row. When the branches grow to the adjacent plants, tie the branches to the adjacent branches, remove a pair of opposite leaves every 20 cm to promote the germination of secondary branches, and when the branches grow into a fixed shape and are not easy to break, cut them at the tied connection, and graft the branch ends to the adjacent plant branches by grafting. In this way, the whole row of trees will eventually be connected as one; S515, when the secondary branches grow to 40-50cm, they are cut short. After cutting, the secondary branches are kept at 8-10cm and are neatly distributed in a "comb" shape. S52, fruit tree; S521. After harvesting the fruit every year, cut off all branches on the main trunk from the base, cut off all branches on the main branches, cut back to the secondary branches that were kept during the pruning of the young trees, and cut off all branches other than those reserved; S522. The second pruning is combined with fruit thinning, about 70 days after pollination. At this time, the longitudinal diameter of the fruit is 3-4 cm. Small fruits, deformed fruits, diseased fruits, and excess fruits are thinned out, and one normally developed fruit is retained in each cluster of flowers; S523. Remove all the drooping empty branches, weak branches, overcrowded branches, diseased and insect-infested branches, and side branches sprouting from the main trunk from the base, and keep healthy fruit branches and nutrient branches in the middle and upper parts. After fruit thinning and pruning, keep about 30 fruits with standard shape and even distribution on each plant, and keep 40 to 50 evenly distributed and well-developed upright or semi-upright summer shoots in the crown. S524. If the fruit maturity period needs to be adjusted to winter and spring, the spring shoots should be cut back in June and July, and 2 to 3 upright medium-sized spring shoots should be evenly retained on each plant. The fully developed spring shoots should be cut back to about 5 to 7 cm in length, and 2 to 3 leaves at the top should be removed. All overcrowded branches, diseased and insect-infested branches, weak branches and self-pollinated young fruits should be removed from the base. S6, pollination, comprising the following sub-steps: S61. About one month after the pruning, the new shoots begin to bloom. Artificial pollination is carried out between 18:00 in the evening and 22:00 at night. Pollen is directly collected from all the open flowers. Use a soft brush or pollinator to immediately pollinate the stigma of the petals that are slightly open or half open. S7, fruit bagging, including the following sub-steps: S71. After thinning, the fruits can be bagged using opaque double-layer kraft paper bags, one fruit per bag; S8. Main pests and diseases and their control methods, including the following sub-steps: S81. Ulcers caused by sunburn: The growth of sugar apple fruit consumes a lot of nutrients and water from the tree. After spring pruning, there is no leaf shade, and the main branches are exposed to the scorching sun. The bark on the sunny side of the trunk is prone to dehydration and cracking and infection with bacteria. The prevention and control methods are: maintain sufficient water supply during the dry and high temperature season, and apply quicklime and lime sulfur mixture to the trunk after spring pruning, which can effectively reduce sunburn and wound infection; S82, scale insects: After each pruning, remove the cut branches and weeds in time, and spray the whole plant and the ground with pesticides to kill scale insects; S83, citrus fruit fly: bag the fruits and hang fruit fly traps, bait balls and yellow boards in the orchard.

2. The method for producing and cultivating pineapple sugar apple for sightseeing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The garden in S11 requires an annual average temperature of 20-26° C. and an annual average rainfall of 400-2000 mm.

3. The method for producing and cultivating pineapple sugar apple for sightseeing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deep plowing depth of the garden in S21 ranges from 0.8m to 1.0m.

4. The method for producing and cultivating pineapple sugar apple for sightseeing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width and depth of the planting hole in S22 are 0.6m×0.6m×0.6m respectively.

5. The method for producing and cultivating pineapple sugar apple for sightseeing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The best planting time in S31 is February to March and June to July.

6. The method for producing and cultivating pineapple sugar apple for sightseeing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic fertilizer, superphosphate and compound fertilizer in S411 are applied all at once after spring pruning, and urea is applied in April, June and September respectively to promote tree growth and crown formation.

7. The method for producing and cultivating pineapple sugar apple for sightseeing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S412, the organic fertilizer, superphosphate and compound fertilizer are applied all at once before or after spring pruning, and urea and trace element fertilizer are applied once every 20 days after fruit setting, for four consecutive times.

8. The method for producing and cultivating pineapple sugar apple for sightseeing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main trunk of the S511 is 1.8 to 2.0 meters long.

9. The method for producing and cultivating pineapple sugar apple for sightseeing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S61, only one flower is pollinated in a cluster, and 50 to 60 flowers are pollinated per plant. Pollen can be collected from weak branches, but weak branches and diseased and insect-infested branches are not suitable for pollination.

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