Aquatic product three-dimensional ecological breeding method based on mangrove forest tidal flat and application of aquatic product three-dimensional ecological breeding method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of sustainable utilization of mangrove forest tidal flat, in particular to an aquatic product three-dimensional ecological breeding method based on the mangrove forest tidal flat and application of the aquatic product three-dimensional ecological breeding method. The aquatic product three-dimensional ecological breeding method based on the mangrove forest tidal flat comprises the following steps that (a) mud dice apartments and support breeding containers are arranged on the two sides of a tidal creek of a mangrove forest; wherein the tidal creeks comprise forest edge line outer tidal creeks and / or forest tidal creeks; (b) cultivating mud dices in the mud dices apartment, and cultivating aquatic products in the support cultivation container; and (c) harvesting and filling gaps with seedlings. The three-dimensional ecological aquaculture method for the aquatic products based on the mangrove forest tidal flat has the advantages of protecting the mangrove forest, promoting aquaculture of the aquatic products, reducing the cost and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of sustainable utilization of mangrove tidal flats, and in particular to a three-dimensional ecological breeding method for aquatic products based on mangrove tidal flats and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Mangrove tidal flats are the world's most important blue carbon storage system, an extremely biomass-rich ecosystem, and a natural levee system that effectively resists typhoons. However, under the influence of global warming, rising sea levels, and high-intensity human activities, mangrove tidal flats have been severely damaged and the area of ​​mangroves has dropped sharply. This has directly affected the decline of offshore biodiversity in the waters near mangrove tidal flats, causing a reduction in coastal fisheries. In particular, mangrove tidal flats contain a large number of mud shrimps, which provide valuable high-protein food for birds and humans. Damage to mangroves will lead to a reduction or disappearance of mud shrimps.

[0003] In order to obtain the high-value mudfish from the tidal flats under the mangroves, coastal residents have been destroying the tidal flats through barbaric sea hunting, which has led to the mass death of mangroves and accelerated the decline of mudfish. Some coastal residents in my country buy mudfish seedlings and raise them in mangroves. Mudfish spread across the tidal flats of mangroves, and when they are harvested, they destroy the mangroves to harvest them, resulting in a situation of one gain and one loss. In the end, the mangroves were destroyed, and the output and benefits of mudfish farming also decreased. In addition, mudfish are extremely sensitive to the environment, and changes in the environment will affect the growth of mudfish.

[0004] In order to protect mangroves, a special action for mangrove restoration was proposed, and a mangrove protection zone was established. Fishermen were prohibited from fishing in the protected zone. Mangroves and invertebrates under the forest were protected, but the short-term interests of local fishermen were damaged, and mangrove protection work did not receive support from local residents. For the damaged mangrove tidal flats, whether it can be restored through technology to maximize its ecological benefits while providing a high-value seafood source, providing income guarantees for local fishermen, and making mangrove protection policies and measures supported by local fishermen has become a problem to be solved.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional ecological breeding method for aquatic products based on mangrove tidal flats and its application. The three-dimensional ecological breeding method for aquatic products based on mangrove tidal flats has the advantages of protecting mangroves, promoting aquatic product breeding, and reducing costs.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, the following technical solutions are particularly adopted:

[0008] One aspect of the present invention relates to a three-dimensional ecological aquaculture method for aquatic products based on mangrove tidal flats, comprising the following steps:

[0009] (a) Set up mud flats and support culture containers on both sides of the tidal gully of the mangrove forest, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown;

[0010] Wherein, the tidal gullies include: tidal gullies outside the forest edge and / or tidal gullies between forests;

[0011] (b) cultivating mudskippers in the mudskipper apartments and cultivating aquatic products in the support cultivation containers;

[0012] (c) Harvesting and replanting.

[0013] The three-dimensional ecological aquaculture method of aquatic products based on mangrove tidal flats has the advantages of protecting mangroves, promoting aquaculture, reducing costs, etc.

[0014] Another aspect of the present invention also relates to a method for protecting mangrove tidal flats, including the three-dimensional ecological breeding method of aquatic products based on mangrove tidal flats.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) The present invention provides a three-dimensional ecological aquaculture method based on mangrove tidal flats. Mud apartments and support aquaculture containers are set on both sides of the mangrove tidal ditch, and aquatic products are cultured in the mud apartments and support aquaculture containers. The aquaculture of aquatic products can promote the growth of mangroves and protect the mangroves from harm. The aquaculture of aquatic products is carried out on both sides of the tidal ditch to protect the aquatic products from being predated by natural enemies, which can reduce the workload of harvesting aquatic products, increase the output of aquatic products, and increase income. It is a solution to promote the coordinated and sustainable development of mangrove growth and aquatic product culture.

[0017] (2) The three-dimensional ecological breeding method of aquatic products based on mangrove tidal flats provided by the present invention breeds aquatic products in tidal gullies outside the forest edge line and in the forest, which is beneficial to the nutrient exchange and water discharge of mangrove land, increases the oxygen content in the rhizosphere of mangroves, improves the rhizosphere environment, and promotes the growth of mangroves. When the tide is high, the tide slowly flows in along the tidal gullies and can reach the forest edge in advance; when the tide is low, it slowly withdraws, which can remove the accumulated water in the mangrove beach in advance and provide a longer time for the mangroves to be exposed to the water. Tidal gullies can also provide a place for the growth and reproduction of wild fish, shrimps, crabs, snails, etc., and measures can be taken to capture them and obtain income.

[0018] (3) The three-dimensional ecological aquaculture method of aquatic products based on mangrove tidal flats provided by the present invention sets up mud flats on both sides of the tidal ditch to prevent tidal flat erosion caused by erosion of the ditch wall by rising and falling tides, further protecting the rhizosphere environment of the mangroves. Apartment-style mud flat farming avoids the destruction of mangroves by manual excavation in the forest, reduces the workload of excavating mud flats, and can increase income.

[0019] (4) The three-dimensional ecological aquaculture method of aquatic products based on mangrove tidal flats provided by the present invention sets support aquaculture containers on both sides of the tidal ditch to protect the mangroves, thereby preventing fishermen from entering the forest to engage in fishing activities and destroying the mangroves. It can also effectively slow down the erosion of the mangroves by the rising tide, thereby playing a better protective role for the mangrove plants.

[0020] (5) The three-dimensional ecological aquaculture method of aquatic products based on mangrove tidal flats provided by the present invention can increase income by aquatic products cultured in bracket aquaculture containers, reduce the cost of mangrove protection work, avoid protecting mangroves for the sake of protecting them, and achieve the unity of mangrove protection and efficient utilization of tidal flats.

[0021] (6) The present invention provides a three-dimensional ecological aquaculture method for aquatic products based on mangrove tidal flats. The mud flats and support aquaculture containers define the mangrove protection area, and an appropriate range of bare beaches are retained outside to provide seabirds with a habitat and feeding place, reflecting the high degree of coupling between ecosystem protection and marine economic development. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the arrangement of the mud flat and the support breeding container provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 1 sectional view of

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the end structure of the support breeding container body of the support breeding container provided by the present invention, and the length unit marked on the figure is mm;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the end structure of the support breeding container body for breeding mud diced shrimp provided by the present invention, and the length unit marked on the figure is mm;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the end structure of the support breeding container body for breeding fish, shrimp, crab and snails provided by the present invention, and the length unit marked on the figure is mm.

[0029] Reference numerals:

[0030] 1-tidal ditch outside the forest edge, 2-tidal ditch between forests, 3-mangroves, 4-mud apartments, 5-bracket breeding container, 6-mesh material, 7-water exchange port, 8-gate, 9-drainage hole, 10-bait dispenser, 11-side wall of the bracket breeding container, 12-muddy tidal flat soil. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical scheme of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following described embodiments are part of embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and are only used to illustrate the present invention, and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. If specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they are carried out according to normal conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer is not specified in the reagents or instruments used, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0032] One aspect of the present invention also relates to a three-dimensional ecological aquaculture method for aquatic products based on mangrove tidal flats, comprising the following steps:

[0033] (a) Mud flats 4 and support culture containers 5 are set up on both sides of the tidal gully of the mangrove forest 3, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown;

[0034] Wherein, the tidal gullies include: tidal gullies 1 outside the forest edge and / or tidal gullies 2 between forests;

[0035] (b) cultivating mud shrimps in the mud shrimp apartment 4 and cultivating aquatic products in the support cultivation container 5;

[0036] (c) Harvesting and replanting.

[0037] The three-dimensional ecological breeding method of aquatic products based on mangrove tidal flats is characterized in that mud apartments 4 and bracket breeding containers 5 are arranged on both sides of the tidal ditch of the mangrove 3, and aquatic products are cultured in the mud apartments 4 and the bracket breeding containers 5. The culture of aquatic products can promote the growth of the mangrove 3 and protect the mangrove 3 from harm. The culture of aquatic products is carried out on both sides of the tidal ditch to protect the aquatic products from being predated by natural enemies, which can reduce the workload of harvesting aquatic products, increase the output of aquatic products, and increase income. It is a solution to promote the coordinated and sustainable development of the growth of mangroves 3 and aquatic product culture.

[0038] The tidal gullies 1 outside the forest edge and the tidal gullies 2 between forests are conducive to the nutrient exchange and drainage of accumulated water in the mangroves 3, increasing the oxygen content in the rhizosphere of the mangroves 3, improving the rhizosphere environment, and promoting the growth of the mangroves 3. When the tide is high, the tide slowly pours in along the tidal gullies, which can reach the forest edge in advance; when the tide is low, it slowly withdraws, which can remove the accumulated water in the mangrove 3 beach in advance, providing a longer time for the mangroves 3 to be exposed to the water. The tidal gullies can also provide a place for the growth and reproduction of wild fish, shrimps, crabs, snails, etc., and measures can be taken to capture them and obtain income.

[0039] Setting up mud flats 4 on both sides of the tidal ditch can prevent tidal flat erosion caused by erosion of the ditch wall by rising and falling tides, further protect the rhizosphere environment of mangroves 3, and apartment-style mud farming avoids the destruction of mangroves 3 by manual digging in the forest, reduces the workload of mud digging, and can increase income.

[0040] The support culture containers 5 are arranged on both sides of the tidal ditch to protect the mangroves 3, thereby preventing fishermen from entering the forest to engage in fishing activities and destroying the mangroves 3. The support culture containers 5 can also effectively slow down the erosion of the mangroves 3 by the rising tide, thus playing a better protective role for the mangrove plants.

[0041] Breeding aquatic products in the support breeding container 5 can increase income, reduce the cost of mangrove 3 protection work, avoid protecting mangrove 3 for the sake of protecting mangrove 3, and achieve the unity of mangrove 3 protection and efficient utilization of tidal flats.

[0042] Mud apartments 4 and support breeding containers 5 define the protection area of ​​mangroves 3, and an appropriate area of ​​bare beach is retained outside to provide seabirds with habitats and feeding places, reflecting the high degree of coupling between ecosystem protection and sea-oriented economic development.

[0043] Furthermore, the distance between the tidal channel 1 outside the forest edge and the forest edge is 5 to 10 m, including but not limited to any point value of 5 m, 6 m, 7 m, 8 m, 9 m or 10 m or any range value between two of them. Setting this distance can provide a buffer zone for mangrove protection and also provide a feeding and resting place for seabirds.

[0044] Furthermore, the tidal ditch 1 outside the forest edge line is opened based on the dominant flow of the rising and falling tides, and the opening of the tidal ditch faces the open sea and the main tidal direction of the rising tide.

[0045] Furthermore, the width of the tidal ditch 1 outside the forest edge line is 3 to 5 m, including but not limited to any point value of 3 m, 3.5 m, 4 m, 4.5 m or 5 m or a range value between any two of them.

[0046] Furthermore, the depth of the tidal ditch 1 outside the forest edge line is 1 to 1.5 m, including but not limited to any point value of 1 m, 1.1 m, 1.2 m, 1.3 m, 1.4 m or 1.5 m or a range value between any two of them.

[0047] Furthermore, the width of the forest tidal ditch 2 is ≥2m, including but not limited to any point value of 2m, 3m, 4m, 5m or 6m or a range value between any two of them.

[0048] Furthermore, the depth of the forest tidal gully 2 is ≥0.8 m, including but not limited to any point value of 0.8 m, 1 m, 1.2 m, 1.4 m, 1.6 m, 1.8 m or 2 m, or a range value between any two of them.

[0049] The width and depth of the tidal ditch 1 outside the forest edge line and the tidal ditch 2 between forests are limited within a certain range, and the inflow and withdrawal speeds of tidal water during high tide and low tide are controlled, so as to protect the mangrove forest 3 from being affected by the tide and promote the growth of the mangrove forest 3.

[0050] The present invention does not specifically limit the type of aquatic products, and all aquatic products in the art are applicable to the three-dimensional ecological aquatic product breeding method based on mangrove tidal flats provided by the present invention. In some specific embodiments, the aquatic product includes but is not limited to at least one of fish, shrimp, crab, snail or mud.

[0051] Furthermore, the distance between the mud flat 4 and the support culture container 5 is 0.4-0.6m, including but not limited to any point value of 0.4m, 0.45m, 0.5m, 0.55m or 0.6m or any range value between the two. Limiting the distance between the mud flat and the support culture container to a certain range can serve as a channel for feeding, observation and harvesting on the one hand, and can also slow down the power of the tidal flow on the other hand.

[0052] Furthermore, 1 to 3 rows of mud apartments 4 are respectively arranged on both sides of the tidal gully of the mangrove forest 3 .

[0053] The mud apartment 4 mentioned in the present invention can be used for breeding mud lilies and provide space and nutrients for the growth of mud lilies. There is no specific limitation on the specific structure, shape, material and size of the mud apartment 4. Any breeding container that can meet the growth requirements of mud lilies in the field can be used to implement the technical solution of the present invention.

[0054] Furthermore, the mud apartment 4 has an opening at the top and drainage holes 9 on the side walls.

[0055] Furthermore, the width of the mud apartment 4 is 0.5-0.8 m, including but not limited to any point value of 0.5 m, 0.6 m, 0.7 m or 0.8 m or a range value between any two of them.

[0056] The present invention does not specifically limit the length of the mud apartment 4, and can be further determined according to the terrain where the mud apartment 4 is placed. In some specific embodiments, further, the length of the mud apartment 4 is 1.0 to 1.5 m.

[0057] Furthermore, the top of the mud flat 4 is exposed from the beach surface by 0.10 to 0.15m, including but not limited to any point value of 0.10m, 0.11m, 0.12m, 0.13m, 0.14m or 0.15m or a range value between any two of them. The mud flat 4 is exposed to a certain height from the beach surface, which can dissolve dead objects, eliminate waves, block water and intercept silt. The activity range of mud flats is generally within the surface 0.20-0.40m tidal flat soil of the middle and low tidal flats. The elevation near the tidal ditch is usually below the middle and low tide levels. The top of the apartment is exposed from 0.10-0.15m from the beach surface. On the one hand, it can be cultivated in the beach near the tidal ditch at a lower elevation that is not suitable for the growth of mud flats. On the other hand, there is no need to dig downwards during harvesting, which saves labor and effort.

[0058] Furthermore, the mud apartment 4 is arranged 0.1 to 1.0 m away from the edge of the tidal ditch.

[0059] Furthermore, mud lily seedlings are put into the mud lily apartment 4 for mud lily breeding.

[0060] Furthermore, the support breeding container 5 comprises: a support breeding container body and a support arranged at the bottom of the support breeding container body, the top of the support breeding container body has an opening, the end of the support breeding container body is provided with a gate plate 8, and a water exchange port 7 is provided above the gate plate 8, such as Figure 4 shown.

[0061] Furthermore, the bottom of the support aquaculture container body is exposed from the beach surface by 0.5 to 0.8 m, including but not limited to any point value of 0.5 m, 0.6 m, 0.7 m or 0.8 m or a range value between any two of them. The bottom of the support aquaculture container body is exposed from the beach surface by 0.5 to 0.8 m to provide a channel for the flow of rising and falling tides, so as not to block the flow of rising and falling tides due to the arrangement close to the tide surface, and not to cause tidal flat erosion due to the change of the water flow direction by the hard box.

[0062] Furthermore, the height of the support breeding container body is 0.8 to 1.0 m, including but not limited to any point value of 0.8 m, 0.85 m, 0.9 m, 0.95 m or 1.0 m or a range value between any two of them.

[0063] Furthermore, the width of the support breeding container body is 1.0 to 1.5 m, including but not limited to any point value of 1.0 m, 1.1 m, 1.2 m, 1.3 m, 1.4 m or 1.5 m or a range value between any two of them.

[0064] The height and width of the support culture container body are limited within a certain range, which can provide sufficient growth and activity space for aquatic products. The height and width of the support culture container body can be adjusted within a certain range according to different types of aquatic products. There is no specific limitation on the length of the support culture container body, which can be designed according to the length of the tidal ditch, and can include several independent support culture containers or an integral culture container.

[0065] Furthermore, the height of the gate plate 8 is 0.5 to 0.8 m, including but not limited to any point value of 0.5 m, 0.6 m, 0.7 m or 0.8 m or a range value between any two of them. Since the height of the gate plates 8 at both ends of the support breeding container body is slightly lower than the side wall 11 of the support breeding container body, the gate plates 8 and the side walls together form a water exchange port 7 with a height of 0.2 to 0.5 m, and the water exchange port 7 exchanges water at the top of the support breeding container 5. By setting the gate plate 8, it can be ensured that there is 0.5 to 0.8 m of water in the support breeding container 5 after the tide falls.

[0066] Furthermore, an indicator for automatically recording the water level is provided on the inner side of the gate plate 8. When there is 0.5 to 0.8 m3 of water storage in the support breeding container 5 after low tide, the gate plate 8 is automatically closed for breeding. When the tide is high, water can be exchanged from the gaps on the gate plates 8 at both ends (water exchange ports 7) and the top of the tank.

[0067] Furthermore, aquatic product seedlings are placed into the support breeding container 5 for aquatic product breeding.

[0068] In some specific embodiments, when the aquatic product cultured in the support culture container 5 is mud, a 0.4-0.7 m thick muddy tidal flat soil 12 is filled in the support culture container body (for example, it can be but not limited to any one of 0.4 m, 0.5 m, 0.6 m or 0.7 m or a range of values ​​between the two). The distance from the bottom wall of the support culture container body to 0.2-0.5 m (for example, it can be but not limited to any one of 0.2 m, 0.3 m, 0.4 m or 0.5 m or a range of values ​​between the two) is 0. A plurality of drainage holes 9 with a diameter of 1 to 2 cm (for example, but not limited to, any point value of 1 cm, 1.2 cm, 1.4 cm, 1.6 cm, 1.8 cm or 2 cm or a range value between any two) are provided on the side wall 11 of the support breeding container body. The spacing of the drainage holes 9 is 50 cm to ensure that the tidal flat soil with a thickness of more than 0.2 m at the bottom can be drained in time to provide a breathing and activity environment for the mud minnows, and the tidal flat soil with a thickness of 0.2 to 0.5 m at the bottom can maintain a water storage state to provide a moist environment required for the growth of the mud minnows. Figure 5 shown.

[0069] In some specific embodiments, when the aquatic products cultured in the support culture container 5 are fish, shrimp, crab and snail, a bait dispenser 10 is installed on the side wall 11 of the support culture container body at a distance of 0.5 to 0.8 m (for example, it can be but not limited to any point value of 0.5 m, 0.6 m or 0.8 m or a range value between any two) from the bottom wall of the support culture container body, and the spacing of the bait dispensers 10 is 3 to 5 m (for example, it can be but not limited to any point value of 3 m, 3.5 m, 4 m, 4.5 m or 5 m or a range value between any two), and the bait required for the growth of the cultured aquatic products is placed in the bait dispenser 10. When the cultured aquatic products touch the bait dispenser 10, the bait in the bait dispenser 10 can be automatically released for consumption by shrimp, crab, fish or snails, etc. Figure 6 shown.

[0070] Furthermore, the top of the mud lizard apartment 4 is covered with a mesh material 6 to protect the mud lizard from being preyed upon by natural enemies.

[0071] Furthermore, the top and end of the support culture container 5 are covered with a mesh material 6 to prevent the aquatic products in the tank from escaping during high tide.

[0072] Furthermore, when breeding mud minnows, sachets of bait are placed on the surface of the filled tidal flat soil at low tide. The mud minnows will automatically smell the fragrance and eat at low tide, and will take shelter and rest in the tidal flat soil at high tide.

[0073] Furthermore, the remaining bait in the bait dispenser 10 is checked at low tide, and replenished when insufficient; and the bait in the sachet bait bag for breeding mud minnows is replaced when insufficient.

[0074] Furthermore, when the farmed shrimps, crabs, fish, etc. meet the harvesting standards, they can be caught and harvested with nets at low tide, and new seedlings can be released for replenishment; for farmed mud minnows, the mud minnows in the sachets can be checked, and mud minnows of appropriate size can be selected for harvesting. Mud minnows smaller than the harvesting standards can be released, and seedlings can be replenished at the same time to ensure the farming output.

[0075] Another aspect of the present invention also relates to a method for protecting mangrove tidal flats, including the three-dimensional ecological breeding method of aquatic products based on mangrove tidal flats.

[0076] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the examples, but it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention. If no specific conditions are specified in the examples, the conditions are carried out according to normal conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer of the reagents or instruments used is not specified, they are all conventional products that can be obtained commercially.

[0077] Example 1

[0078] The three-dimensional ecological aquaculture method based on mangrove tidal flats provided in this embodiment, taking a local tidal flat in Maowei Sea as an example, comprises the following steps:

[0079] (1) A tidal channel 1 with a width of 5m and a depth of 1.5m was dug 5m from the edge of the mangrove forest 3 to the seaward side according to the direction of the dominant flow of the rising and falling tides;

[0080] (2) Mud apartments 4 are arranged along the ditch shoulders on both sides of the tidal ditch 1 outside the forest edge line. The width of the mud apartments 4 is 0.7m, and the top of the apartment is 0.13m above the beach surface. Three rows of mud apartments 4 are arranged;

[0081] (3) A support is set up at 0.5m from the forest side of the mud flat 4, and a support breeding container body is arranged above the support. The bottom of the support breeding container body is 0.7m higher than the beach surface. The height of the support breeding container body is 0.9m and the width is 1.3m;

[0082] A gate plate 8 with a height of 0.7 m is provided at both ends of the support breeding container body. An indicator for automatically recording the water level is provided on the inner side of the gate plate 8. When there is 0.7 m of water storage in the support breeding container body after low tide, the gate plate 8 is automatically closed for breeding. When the tide is high, water can be exchanged from the gaps (water exchange ports 7) on the gate plates 8 at both ends and the top of the support breeding container body.

[0083] (4) After the support culture container body is filled with water, shrimp, crab, fish and snail seedlings are released, and muddy tidal flat soil 12 is filled in the mud flat apartment 4 and mud flat seedlings are released. The top of the support culture container body and the two ends and the top of the mud flat apartment 4 are covered with coconut fiber nets to prevent the aquatic products in the trough from escaping during high tide and to prevent the mud flats from being preyed upon by natural enemies;

[0084] When the aquatic products cultured in the support culture container 5 are fish, shrimp, crab and snail, a bait dispenser 10 is installed on the side wall 11 of the support culture container body at a distance of 0.6m from the bottom wall of the support culture container body, and the distance between the bait dispensers 10 is 5m. The bait required for the growth of the cultured aquatic products is placed in the bait dispenser 10. When the cultured aquatic products touch the bait dispenser 10, the bait in the bait dispenser 10 can be automatically released for the shrimp, crab, fish or snail to eat;

[0085] (5) When breeding mudskippers, place sachets of bait on the surface of the tidal flat soil at low tide. The mudskippers will automatically smell the scent and eat when the tide is low, and will take shelter and rest in the tidal flat soil when the tide is high.

[0086] (6) Check the remaining bait in the bait dispenser 10 at low tide and replenish it if it is insufficient; replace the bait in the sachet bait bag of the mud shrimp farming if it is insufficient;

[0087] (7) When the farmed shrimp, crabs, and fish meet the harvesting standards, they can be caught and harvested with a net at low tide, and new seedlings can be added for replenishment. For farmed mud minnows, the mud minnows in the sachets can be checked, and mud minnows of appropriate size can be harvested. Those smaller than the harvesting standards can be released, and seedlings can be added at the same time to ensure the farmed output.

[0088] Example 2

[0089] The three-dimensional ecological aquaculture method based on mangrove tidal flats provided in this embodiment, taking a local tidal flat in Maowei Sea as an example, comprises the following steps:

[0090] (1) There are 2 original tidal gullies between mangroves with a width greater than 2 m and a water depth greater than 0.8 m;

[0091] (2) Mud apartments 4 are arranged along the shoulders of both sides of the forest tidal ditch 2. The width of the mud apartments 4 is 0.5 m, and the top of the apartment is 0.15 m above the beach surface. Two rows of mud apartments 4 are arranged;

[0092] (3) A support is set up at 0.4m from the forest side of the mud flat 4, and a support breeding container body is arranged above the support. The bottom of the support breeding container body is 0.5m higher than the beach surface. The height of the support breeding container body is 1.0m and the width is 1.5m;

[0093] A gate plate 8 with a height of 0.5 m is provided at both ends of the support breeding container body. An indicator for automatically recording the water level is provided on the inner side of the gate plate 8. When there is 0.5 m of water storage in the support breeding container body after low tide, the gate plate 8 is automatically closed for breeding. When the tide is high, water can be exchanged from the gaps (water exchange ports 7) on the gate plates 8 at both ends and the top of the support breeding container body.

[0094] (4) After the support culture container body is filled with water, shrimp, crab, fish and snail seedlings are released, and muddy tidal flat soil 12 is filled in the mud flat apartment 4 and mud flat seedlings are released. The top of the support culture container body and the two ends and the top of the mud flat apartment 4 are covered with coconut fiber nets to prevent the aquatic products in the trough from escaping during high tide and to prevent the mud flats from being preyed upon by natural enemies;

[0095] When the aquatic products cultured in the support culture container 5 are fish, shrimp, crab and snail, a bait dispenser 10 is installed on the side wall 11 of the support culture container body at a distance of 0.5m from the bottom wall of the support culture container body, and the distance between the bait dispensers 10 is 4m. The bait required for the growth of the cultured aquatic products is placed in the bait dispenser 10. When the cultured aquatic products touch the bait dispenser 10, the bait in the bait dispenser 10 can be automatically released for the shrimp, crab, fish or snail to eat;

[0096] (5)~(7) are the same as Example 1.

[0097] Example 3

[0098] The three-dimensional ecological aquaculture method based on mangrove tidal flats provided in this embodiment, taking a local tidal flat in Maowei Sea as an example, comprises the following steps:

[0099] (1) A tidal channel 1 with a width of 3m and a depth of 1.5m was dug 10m from the edge of the mangrove forest 3 to the sea according to the direction of the dominant flow of the rising and falling tides. There was an original tidal channel 2 with a width of more than 2m and a water depth of more than 0.8m in the mangrove forest 3.

[0100] (2) Mud apartments 4 are laid out along the tidal ditch 1 outside the forest edge line and the shoulders of the original tidal ditch 2 between the forests. The width of the mud apartment 4 is 0.8m, and the top of the apartment is 0.10m above the beach. One row of mud apartments 4 is set;

[0101] (3) A support is set up at 0.6m from the forest side of the mud flat 4, and a support breeding container body is arranged above the support. The bottom of the support breeding container body is 0.8m higher than the beach surface. The height of the support breeding container body is 0.8m and the width is 1.0m;

[0102] A gate plate 8 with a height of 0.8 m is provided at both ends of the support breeding container body. An indicator for automatically recording the water level is provided on the inner side of the gate plate 8. When there is 0.8 m of water storage in the support breeding container body after low tide, the gate plate 8 is automatically closed for breeding. When the tide is high, water can be exchanged from the gaps (water exchange ports 7) on the gate plates 8 at both ends and the top of the support breeding container body.

[0103] (4) After the support breeding container body and the mud flat 4 are filled with muddy tidal flat soil 12, mud flat seedlings are placed, and the top of the support breeding container body and the two ends and the top of the mud flat 4 are covered with coconut fiber nets;

[0104] When the aquatic product cultured in the support culture container 5 is mud, a 0.5m thick muddy tidal flat soil 12 is filled in the support culture container body, and a plurality of drainage holes 9 with a diameter of 1 to 2 cm are opened on the side wall 11 of the support culture container body at a distance of 0.2 to 0.5m from the bottom wall of the support culture container body, and the spacing between the drainage holes 9 is 50cm;

[0105] (5)~(7) are the same as Example 1.

[0106] Although the present invention has been illustrated and described with specific embodiments, it should be appreciated that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the above embodiments may be modified, or some or all of the technical features thereof may be replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. However, these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, this means that all such replacements and modifications within the scope of the present invention are included in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional ecological aquaculture method for aquatic products based on mangrove tidal flats, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (a) Set up mud flats and support culture containers on both sides of the tidal creeks of mangroves; Wherein, the tidal gullies include: tidal gullies outside the forest edge and / or tidal gullies between forests; (b) cultivating mudskippers in the mudskipper apartments and cultivating aquatic products in the support cultivation containers; (c) Harvesting and replanting.

2. The three-dimensional ecological aquaculture method of aquatic products based on mangrove tidal flats according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Includes at least one of the following technical features: (1) The tidal ditch outside the forest edge is 5 to 10 meters away from the forest edge; (2) The width of the tidal gully outside the forest edge line is 3 to 5 meters; (3) The depth of the tidal gully outside the forest edge line is 1 to 1.5 m.

3. The three-dimensional ecological aquaculture method of aquatic products based on mangrove tidal flats according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The width of the forest tidal gully is ≥2m; And / or, the depth of the forest tidal gully is ≥0.8m.

4. The three-dimensional ecological aquaculture method of aquatic products based on mangrove tidal flats according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the mud apartment and the support breeding container is 0.4-0.6m.

5. The three-dimensional ecological aquaculture method of aquatic products based on mangrove tidal flats according to claim 1 is characterized in that: One to three rows of mud apartments are respectively arranged on both sides of the mangrove tidal gully.

6. The three-dimensional ecological aquaculture method of aquatic products based on mangrove tidal flats according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mud apartment has an opening at the top and drainage holes on the side walls.

7. The three-dimensional ecological aquaculture method of aquatic products based on mangrove tidal flats according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the mud apartment is 0.5 to 0.8 m; And / or, the top of the mud flat is exposed 0.10 to 0.15 m above the beach surface.

8. The three-dimensional ecological aquaculture method of aquatic products based on mangrove tidal flats according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support breeding container comprises: a support breeding container body and a support arranged at the bottom of the support breeding container body, the top of the support breeding container body is provided with an opening, a gate is arranged at the end of the support breeding container body, and a water exchange port is arranged above the gate.

9. The three-dimensional ecological aquaculture method of aquatic products based on mangrove tidal flats according to claim 8, characterized in that: Includes at least one of the following technical features: (1) The bottom of the support culture container body is exposed 0.5 to 0.8 m above the beach surface; (2) The height of the support culture container body is 0.8 to 1.0 m, and the width is 1.0 to 1.5 m; (3) The height of the gate plate is 0.5 to 0.8 m.

10. A method for protecting mangrove tidal flats, characterized in that: The invention comprises the three-dimensional ecological breeding method of aquatic products based on mangrove tidal flats as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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