Electronic stepless speed change system for locomotive

Abstract

The invention discloses an electronic stepless speed change system for a locomotive, which realizes accurate control on the speed change process of the locomotive through an integrated electronic control technology. The system comprises a controller, a motor, a sensor, a main control IC, a voltage conversion circuit, a main switch input circuit, a motor steering switch, a motor control circuit, a current interpretation circuit and an LED display circuit. The system has a memory function, an outdated protection program and an overload protection function, can stably run in different states, and improves the driving experience of the locomotive.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of locomotive transmission systems, and in particular to an electronic continuously variable transmission system for locomotives. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, traditional motorcycle CVT continuously variable transmission systems have mainly relied on the centrifugal force generated by the engine speed to control the transmission mechanism. This method requires a large torque at startup and the centrifugal force drive is relatively slow.

[0003] In order to improve this shortcoming, a controller is added in the prior art to force the shifting function by controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the motor. However, this system still has room for improvement in terms of control accuracy, response speed and intelligence. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of this section is to summarize some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and the specification abstract and the invention title of this application to avoid blurring the purpose of this section, the specification abstract and the invention title, and such simplifications or omissions cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0005] In view of the above existing problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0006] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide an electronic continuously variable transmission system for locomotives, which can achieve precise control of the locomotive speed change process by integrating electronic control technology, thereby improving speed change efficiency and driving experience.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an electronic continuously variable transmission system for a locomotive, comprising a controller for controlling the rotation of a motor according to an engine speed signal; the motor is connected to a crankshaft and is used to drive a connecting rod on a cam shaft to reciprocate to achieve gear shifting; a sensor is used to detect the running position, wheel speed and origin position of the motor; a main control IC is used for a logic control loop; a voltage conversion circuit is used to convert an input voltage into a suitable control voltage; a main switch input circuit is used to control the opening and closing of the system; a motor steering switch is used to control the steering of the motor; a motor control circuit (used to control the forward and reverse operation of the motor; a current judgment circuit is used to detect the current size of the motor, and is used to detect the current size of the motor. The main control IC can calculate the current size by the voltage at the RX end, thereby judging whether the motor is running normally. If the current is too large, the motor can be stopped from rotating; and an LED display circuit is used to display the system status.

[0008] As a preferred solution described in the present invention, the controller further includes a Hall input circuit for detecting the running position of the motor. The motor has its own magnetic bump. A Hall sensor is installed near the motor on the locomotive to detect the motor speed signal. The motor transmits one or more square wave signals (depending on different magnetic motors) when it rotates one circle. The state of the motor running position is determined by detecting the Hall signal of the motor; the wheel speed input circuit is used to detect the wheel speed signal. There is a Hall signal at the locomotive wheel. One or more square wave signals are transmitted each time the wheel rotates one circle (depending on different models); the origin input circuit is used to detect the origin position, and the origin input circuit is used to determine whether the gear shift is in place; the memory function is used to automatically memorize the state when KEY SW.OFF or the speed is not reached; the time-out protection program is used to cut off the power when the motor continues to run for more than a certain time; the overload protection is used to cut off the power when the motor is overloaded.

[0009] As a preferred solution described in the present invention, the main control IC further includes a memory module for automatically memorizing the current state when KEY SW.OFF or the speed is not reached during the operation of the motor; the protection module is used to implement power-off protection when the motor continues to run for more than a certain time or the motor is overloaded.

[0010] As a preferred solution described in the present invention, the LED display circuit further includes an initialization indicator light for indicating that the system is automatically searching for the origin; an operation status indicator light for indicating that the system is working normally; and a fault indicator light for indicating that a fault exists in the system.

[0011] As a preferred solution described in the present invention, when the locomotive is started, the system is automatically initialized, and the LED display circuit presents a specific flashing pattern, indicating that the system is looking for the origin position. Once the system finds the origin position, the LED indicator light comes on, indicating that the system is ready for operation. When the engine speed rises, the system intelligently controls the rotation of the motor according to the speed and wheel speed signals to achieve stepless speed change. During driving, if the system detects abnormal operation of the motor, such as excessive current or timeout protection, the LED display circuit will display a corresponding flashing pattern and automatically stop the rotation of the motor to protect the motor and ensure driving safety. If the main switch KEY.SW is pressed during driving, the system will record the current status and resume the unfinished operation when it is turned on again.

[0012] As a preferred solution described in the present invention, the controller controls the rotation of the motor, the rotation of the motor will drive the small gear to rotate, the small gear will drive the middle gear to rotate, the middle gear will drive the large gear to rotate, and the forward and reverse rotation of the large gear is the gear switching of the locomotive, so that the locomotive can realize the gear shifting function.

[0013] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0014] 1) The LED display circuit displays the current status through different flashing modes according to the system status, such as flashing mode during initialization, constant light in S mode, flashing during overcurrent protection, etc., to provide intuitive visual feedback to the driver;

[0015] 2) The system's memory function ensures that when the KEY SW. is OFF, the current operation status can be saved. When the KEY SW. is ON, the system can resume and continue to perform the previously unfinished operation, improving the continuity and convenience of operation;

[0016] 3) The system has memory function, outdated protection program and overload protection function to ensure stable and reliable operation of the system;

[0017] 4) The motor steering switch determines whether gear shifting is required based on the speed signal and the motor operating status. When the speed is not enough to maintain the current gear, the steering switch is invalid to avoid incorrect gear shifting;

[0018] 5) The current reading circuit determines whether the motor is running normally by detecting the motor current. If the current is too large, the system will immediately stop the motor to prevent the motor from being overloaded and damaged;

[0019] 6) The overtime protection program monitors the motor running time. If it is found that the motor runs for a long time but does not achieve the expected effect, the system will automatically cut off the power to prevent the motor from being damaged due to long-term operation; BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor. Among them:

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a system diagram of the controller of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of logic control of the LED display circuit of the present invention in different states.

[0024] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the circuit of the controller of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is an I / O diagram of the controller of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0027] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0028] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0029] Secondly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagram. When describing the embodiments of the present invention in detail, for the sake of convenience, the cross-sectional diagrams showing the device structure will not be partially enlarged according to the general scale, and the schematic diagrams are only examples, which should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, in actual production, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] Reference Figure 1-5, which is the first embodiment of the present invention, provides an electronic continuously variable transmission system for locomotives, including a controller 200 for controlling the rotation of a motor 100 according to an engine speed signal; the motor 100 is connected to a crankshaft 101, and is used to drive a connecting rod 103 on a cam shaft 102 to reciprocate to achieve gear shifting; a sensor 300 is used to detect the running position, wheel speed and origin position of the motor 100; a main control IC 400 is used for a logic control loop; a voltage conversion circuit 500 is used to convert an input voltage into a suitable control voltage; a main switch input circuit 600 is used to control the opening and closing of a system 700; a motor steering switch 800 is used to control the direction of the motor 100. The motor steering switch 800 controls the direction of the motor 100 according to the speed and gear requirements to achieve gear switching. When the speed reaches a predetermined value, the motor 100 The steering switch is effective, allowing the motor control circuit 900 to change the direction of the motor, thereby achieving gear shifting; the motor control circuit 900 is used to control the forward and reverse operation of the motor 100; the current judgment circuit 1100 is used to detect the current size of the motor 100, and the current judgment circuit 1100 is used to detect the current size of the motor 100. The main control IC400 can calculate the current size through the voltage of the RX terminal 1101, thereby judging whether the motor 100 is running normally. If the current is too large, the motor 100 can be stopped from rotating; the LED display circuit 1200 is used to display the system status; the controller 200 further includes a Hall input circuit 201 for detecting the running position of the motor 100; a wheel speed input circuit 202 for detecting wheel speed signals; an origin input circuit 203 for detecting the origin position; a memory function 204 for storing the original position in the KEY The state is automatically memorized when SW.OFF or the speed is not reached; the overtime protection program 205 is used to cut off the power when the motor 1300 continues to run for more than a certain time; the overload protection 206 is used to cut off the power when the motor 100 is overloaded; the main control IC 400 further includes a memory module 401 for automatically memorizing the current state during the operation of the motor 100 when the KEY SW.OFF or the speed is not reached; the protection module 402 is used to implement power-off protection when the motor 1300 continues to run for more than a certain time or the motor 100 is overloaded; the LED display circuit 1200 further includes an initialization indicator light 1201 for indicating that the system is automatically searching for the origin; the operating status indicator light 1202 is used to indicate that the system is working normally; the fault indicator light 1203 is used to indicate that there is a fault in the system; the current judgment circuit 1100 can judge the operating state of the motor 100 by monitoring the current of the motor 100. If the current is too large, it indicates that the motor 100 may be overloaded or have other faults. The current judgment circuit 1100 will instruct the motor control circuit 900 to stop the motor from rotating to protect the motor 100 from damage.

[0032] The system has a memory function, an outdated protection program and an overload protection function to ensure that the system operates stably and reliably. The LED display circuit 1200 indicates the working status of the system through different flashing modes, providing intuitive visual feedback to the driver. For example, during the automatic search for the origin (initialization), the LED indicator light indicates that the system is initializing in a specific flashing mode. During overcurrent protection, the LED indicator light warns the driver of overcurrent in another flashing mode. The system's memory function 204 ensures that when KEY SW.OFF, the current operating state can be saved. When KEY SW.ON, the system can recover and continue to perform the previously unfinished operation, thereby improving the continuity and convenience of the operation. The outdated protection program 205 monitors the running time of the motor 100. If it is found that the motor 100 has been running for a long time and has not achieved the expected effect, the system will automatically cut off the power to prevent the motor 100 from being damaged due to long-term operation. The overload protection 206 is implemented by the current judgment circuit 1100. When it is detected that the current exceeds the set threshold, the system will immediately cut off the power supply to the motor to protect the motor 100 from damage. The current calculation formula is:

[0033] V=R*I (i.e. voltage at IC12 pin = resistance of detection resistor * motor running current)

[0034] Detection resistor value R=1 / (1 / Rx1+1 / RX)

[0035] During use, the controller 200 first converts the input voltage into a 5V control voltage through the voltage conversion circuit 500, and supplies it to the main control IC 400 and other module circuits; the main control IC 400 controls the forward and reverse operation of the motor 100 through the motor control circuit 900 according to the engine speed signal, drives the connecting rod 103 on the cam shaft 102 to reciprocate, and realizes gear shifting; the sensor 300 detects the running position, wheel speed and origin position of the motor 100 in real time, and transmits the signal to the main control IC 400 for logical judgment; the main switch input circuit 600 is used to control the opening and closing of the system. When the KEY When SW.OFF, the system automatically memorizes the current state; when KEYSW.ON, the system continues to perform unfinished operations according to the memorized state; the LED display circuit 1200 displays different LED indicator effects according to different system states, such as during initialization, S mode, home position, overcurrent protection and timeout protection; the motor steering switch 800 determines whether gear shifting is required based on the speed signal and the running state of the motor 100. When the speed is not enough to maintain the current gear, the motor steering switch 800 is invalid to avoid wrong gear shifting; the current judgment circuit 1100 detects the motor 100 The current size determines whether the motor 100 is operating normally. If the current is too large, the system will immediately stop the motor from rotating to prevent the motor from being damaged by overload. The motor steering switch 800 determines whether a gear shift is required based on the speed signal and the motor 100 position signal, and controls the steering of the motor 100 when necessary to switch gears. The LED display circuit 1200 provides intuitive system status information to the user through different flashing modes according to the working state of the system, which is convenient for the user to monitor and operate. The working state of the system includes but is not limited to initialization, S mode, origin position, overcurrent protection state and timeout protection state, and each state has a corresponding LED indicator flashing mode. When the locomotive is started, the system automatically initializes, and the LED display circuit 1200 presents a specific flashing mode, indicating that the system is looking for the origin position. Once the system finds the origin position, the LED indicator lights up, indicating that the system is ready for operation. When the engine speed rises, the system intelligently controls the rotation of the motor 100 according to the speed and wheel speed signals to achieve stepless speed change. During driving, if the system detects that the motor 100 is operating abnormally, such as excessive current or timeout protection, the LED display circuit 1200 will display The corresponding flashing mode is displayed, and the motor 100 is automatically stopped to protect the motor 100 and ensure driving safety. If the main switch KEY.SW is pressed during driving, the system will record the current state and resume the unfinished operation when it is turned on again; the controller 200 controls the motor 1300 to rotate. The rotation of the motor 1300 will drive the small gear 1301 to rotate, and the small gear 1301 will drive the middle gear 1302 to rotate. The middle gear 1302 will drive the large gear 1303 to rotate. The forward and reverse rotation of the large gear 1303 is the gear switching of the locomotive, so that the locomotive can realize the gear shifting function.

[0036] The electronic continuously variable transmission system for locomotives of the present invention realizes precise speed control through electronic control technology, improving driving comfort and safety. The intelligent design of the system makes the locomotive speed change more flexible and efficient, can better adapt to different driving conditions, meets the needs of modern locomotives for transmission systems, and provides drivers with a more comfortable and convenient driving experience.

[0037] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electronic continuously variable transmission system for a locomotive, characterized in that: It includes a controller (200) for controlling the rotation of the motor (100) according to an engine speed signal; The motor (100) is connected to the crankshaft (101) and is used to drive the connecting rod (103) on the cam shaft (102) to reciprocate to achieve gear shifting; A sensor (300) for detecting the running position, wheel speed and origin position of the motor (100); A main control IC (400) for a logic control loop; A voltage conversion circuit (500) is used to convert an input voltage into a suitable control voltage; A main switch input circuit (600) for controlling the opening and closing of the system (700); A motor steering switch (800) for controlling the steering direction of the motor (100); A motor control circuit (900) for controlling the forward and reverse operation of the motor (100); A current determination circuit (1100) is used to detect the magnitude of the current of the motor (100); the main control IC (400) can calculate the magnitude of the current by the voltage of the RX terminal (1101), thereby determining whether the motor (100) is operating normally; if the current is too large, the motor (100) can be stopped from rotating; The LED display circuit (1200) is used to display the system status.

2. The electronic continuously variable transmission system for a locomotive as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The controller (200) further comprises: A Hall input circuit (201) for detecting the running position of the motor (100); A wheel speed input circuit (202) for detecting a wheel speed signal; An origin input circuit (203) for detecting the origin position; Memory function (204), used to automatically memorize the status when KEY SW.OFF or the speed cannot be reached; An overtime protection program (205) is used to cut off the power supply when the motor (1300) continues to run for more than a certain time; An overload protection (206) is used to cut off power when the motor (100) is overloaded.

3. The electronic continuously variable transmission system for a motorcycle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The main control IC (400) further comprises: A memory module (401) is used to automatically memorize the current state when the KEY SW is OFF or the rotation speed is not reached during the operation of the motor (100); The protection module (402) is used to implement power-off protection when the motor (1300) continues to run for more than a certain period of time or the motor (100) is overloaded.

4. The electronic continuously variable transmission system for a motorcycle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The LED display circuit (1200) further comprises: Initialization indicator light (1201), used to indicate that the system is automatically searching for the origin; An operating status indicator light (1202) is used to indicate that the system is operating normally; The fault indicator light (1203) is used to indicate that a fault exists in the system.

5. The electronic continuously variable transmission system for a motorcycle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: include: The controller (200) controls the motor (1300) to rotate. The rotation of the motor (1300) drives the small gear (1301) to rotate. The small gear (1301) drives the middle gear (1302) to rotate. The middle gear (1302) drives the large gear (1303) to rotate. The forward and reverse rotation of the large gear (1303) is the gear switching of the locomotive, so that the locomotive can realize the gear shifting function.

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