Engineering surveying and mapping device based on unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides an engineering surveying and mapping device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, and mainly relates to the technical field of surveying and mapping equipment. An engineering surveying and mapping device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle comprises a four-wing unmanned aerial vehicle host, supporting legs are fixedly installed at the four corners of the bottom face of the four-wing unmanned aerial vehicle host respectively, an anti-collision box is fixedly installed at the bottom of the four-wing unmanned aerial vehicle host, and a laser radar surveying and mapping instrument is fixedly installed at the bottom of a lifting platform. The lifting platform is installed in the anti-collision box through a lifting adjusting assembly, baffles are arranged on the two sides of an opening in the bottom of the anti-collision box respectively, the baffles and the lifting platform move synchronously through follow-up assemblies, and the two baffles can be driven by the follow-up assemblies to move horizontally. The unmanned aerial vehicle surveying and mapping device has the beneficial effects that by introducing the anti-collision box and the movable baffle, a dual protection mechanism is provided for the laser radar surveying and mapping instrument, and in a non-operation state, the components can effectively prevent damage to a precise instrument caused by external collision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention mainly relates to the technical field of surveying and mapping equipment, and specifically to an engineering surveying and mapping device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Surveying and mapping projects measure various information about space and the earth and draw various topographic maps. The shape, size, and gravity field of the earth and other planets are the research objects. The objects of research and mapping are very extensive, mainly including various landforms and landforms on the surface and underground geological structures, hydrology, mineral deposits, etc., such as mountains, rivers, houses, roads, vegetation, etc. Usually, before developing a piece of land or carrying out large-scale engineering construction, surveying and mapping engineers must measure and draw topographic maps and provide other information and data before making decisions, planning, and designing, so surveying and mapping work is very important. The maps and traffic and tourism maps that we usually see are all completed on the basis of surveying and mapping.

[0003] The existing Chinese patent with publication number CN112339998A discloses an engineering surveying and mapping device based on a drone, which relates to the technical field of engineering surveying and mapping auxiliary equipment, including a drone body, a spiral blade and a surveying and mapping camera. The surveying and mapping camera is symmetrically fixedly installed on the lower surface of the drone body, a support plate is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the drone body, a support rod is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the support plate, and the end of the support rod away from the support plate is installed in a support sleeve, and a support pillar is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the support sleeve. When the drone body lands, the support rollers on the left and right sides first contact the ground, and the buffer spring converts the external force into elastic force to achieve initial shock absorption. The rollers on the left and right sides move outward at the same time, and the half gears on the left and right sides drive the support sleeve and the lower shock-absorbing support plate to move downward by meshing with the rack plate, so that the shock-absorbing support plate contacts the ground, which has the effect of stabilizing the drone body, and the shock-absorbing spring converts the external force into elastic force.

[0004] However, the surveying and mapping device has the following defects when used specifically: When the existing UAV-based surveying and mapping devices are in use, the surveying and mapping instruments are generally installed directly on the bottom of the UAV, and the surveying and mapping instruments are directly exposed to the outside. When landing, the movement of the surveying and mapping instruments cannot be controlled, which easily causes the surveying and mapping instruments to directly contact the ground, and the surveying and mapping instruments cannot be effectively protected. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an engineering surveying and mapping device based on a drone, which is implemented through the following technical solutions: A drone-based engineering surveying and mapping device comprises a four-wing drone host, wherein four corners of the bottom surface of the four-wing drone host are respectively fixedly mounted with support legs, an anti-collision box is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the four-wing drone host, the bottom surface of the anti-collision box is open, and a lifting platform is movably mounted in the anti-collision box, a laser radar surveying and mapping instrument is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the lifting platform, the lifting platform is installed in the anti-collision box through a lifting and adjusting component, baffles are respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom opening of the anti-collision box, the baffles move synchronously with the lifting platform through a follower component, the lifting and adjusting component is transmission-connected to the follower component, and the two baffles can move horizontally driven by the follower component. Furthermore, the lifting and adjusting component includes: A first rotating shaft, the first rotating shafts are rotatably mounted on both sides of the interior of the anti-collision box; A second rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft is provided between the two first rotating shafts, and both ends of the second rotating shaft are connected to the corresponding side bearings of the inner wall of the anti-collision box; A large gear, wherein the front and rear parts of the first rotating shaft are respectively fixedly mounted with large gears; A pinion gear, wherein the front and rear parts of the second rotating shaft are respectively fixedly mounted with pinions; The two small gears on the same side mesh with each other, and the two large gears on the same side mesh with the adjacent small gears respectively; A first rocker, wherein the first rocker is fixedly mounted at the front and rear of the first rotating shaft respectively; Push rods, the lower ends of the first rockers are rotatably mounted with push rods, and the lower ends of the push rods are hingedly connected to the top surface of the lifting platform; A stepper motor, a support plate is fixedly mounted on the upper portion of the front of the anti-collision box, a stepper motor is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the support plate, and an output end of the stepper motor is fixedly connected to a front end of one of the first rotating shafts; The baffle is transmission-connected to the first rotating shaft via a follower assembly.

[0006] Furthermore, the follower assembly includes: Support shafts, the support shafts are fixedly installed on both sides of the front and the back of the anti-collision box respectively; A second rocker, the second rocker being fixedly mounted at the front and rear of the outer side of the first rotating shaft respectively; A follower rod, wherein the support shaft is respectively provided with a bearing on which a follower rod arranged parallel to the adjacent second rocker is mounted; The mounting plates are fixedly mounted on the front and rear parts of the adjacent sides of the top surfaces of the two baffles respectively, and the lower ends of the second rocker arms and the follower arms are rotationally connected to the corresponding mounting plates respectively.

[0007] Furthermore, through grooves are respectively provided on both sides of the bottom surface of the lifting platform, and guide rods are slidably installed in the through grooves, and the upper ends of the guide rods are fixedly connected to the top surface of the inner wall of the anti-collision box.

[0008] Furthermore, anti-slip plates are fixedly mounted on the lower ends of the guide rods, and the bottom surfaces of the anti-slip plates are flush with the bottom surface of the anti-collision box.

[0009] Furthermore, connecting rods are fixedly installed on both sides of the mounting plate and the opposite side of the anti-collision box, and the connecting rods respectively penetrate the second rocker arm and the follower arm opposite thereto, and the connecting rods are rotationally connected to the corresponding second rocker arm and the follower arm.

[0010] Furthermore, buffer pads are fixedly installed at the bottom ends of the supporting legs.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The UAV mapping device provides a dual protection mechanism for the lidar mapper by introducing an anti-collision box and a movable baffle. When not in operation, these components can effectively prevent damage to the precision instrument caused by external collisions. When working, the baffle can be opened automatically through the cooperation of the lifting and adjustment components and the follow-up components. The lidar mapper can be moved out of the anti-collision box through the lifting platform for mapping work, which greatly improves the safety and reliability of the equipment and reduces damage caused by accidents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mainframe of the four-wing UAV of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the anti-collision box of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the anti-collision box of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the anti-collision box of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lifting and lowering adjustment assembly of the present invention; Figure 7 yes Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of Ⅰ.

[0013] Numbers shown in the accompanying drawings: 10, four-wing UAV host; 101, support leg; 102, buffer pad; 20, anti-collision box; 30, lifting platform; 301, through slot; 302, guide rod; 303, anti-slip plate; 40, laser radar surveying instrument; 50, lifting adjustment assembly; 501, first rotating shaft; 502, second rotating shaft; 503, large gear; 504, small gear; 505, first rocker; 506, push rod; 507, stepping motor; 60, baffle; 70, follow-up assembly; 701, support shaft; 702, second rocker; 703, follow-up rod; 704, mounting plate; 705, connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope limited by the application.

[0015] Embodiment: An engineering surveying and mapping device based on drone like Figure 1-7 As shown, an engineering surveying and mapping device based on a drone, the specific structure of which includes: A four-wing UAV host 10, the four-wing UAV host 10 is wirelessly remotely controlled by a remote controller, and support legs 101 are fixedly installed at the four corners of the bottom surface of the four-wing UAV host 10, characterized in that: an anti-collision box 20 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the four-wing UAV host 10, the bottom surface of the anti-collision box 20 is open, and a lifting platform 30 is movably installed in the anti-collision box 20, a laser radar surveying instrument 40 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the lifting platform 30, the lifting platform 30 is installed in the anti-collision box 20 through a lifting and adjusting component 50, and baffles 60 are respectively provided on both sides of the bottom opening of the anti-collision box 20, and the baffles 60 are synchronously moved with the lifting platform 30 through a follower component 70, the lifting and adjusting component 50 is transmission-connected to the follower component 70, and the two baffles 60 can move horizontally driven by the follower component 70. The above works like this: When performing surveying and mapping, the operator controls the UAV to fly over the surveying and mapping area through the remote control and performs surveying and mapping through the laser radar surveying instrument 40. The anti-collision box 20 is used to protect the laser radar surveying instrument 40 inside it. In the initial state, the laser radar surveying instrument 40 is located in the anti-collision box 20. When performing surveying and mapping, the lifting and adjusting component 50 is started to move the lifting platform 30 downward, so that the lifting platform 30 drives the laser radar surveying instrument 40 connected thereto to move synchronously. At the same time, the adjusting component 50 drives the two baffles 60 to move synchronously to both sides through the follow-up component 70, so as to realize the automatic opening of the two baffles 60, so as to move the laser radar surveying instrument 40 out of the anti-collision box 20 for surveying and mapping. The double protection of the anti-collision box and the baffle improves the safety and reliability of the laser radar surveying instrument 40.

[0016] The lifting and adjusting assembly 50 includes: 1 and 1 , and a first rotating shaft 501 is rotatably installed on both sides of the interior of the crash box 20, and the first rotating shaft 501 penetrates the crash box 20 longitudinally and is connected to its bearing; a second rotating shaft 502 is provided between the two first rotating shafts 501, and both ends of the second rotating shaft 502 are connected to the corresponding side bearings of the inner wall of the crash box 20; a large gear 503 is fixedly installed on the front and rear of the first rotating shaft 501; a small gear 504 is fixedly installed on the front and rear of the second rotating shaft 502, and the large gear 503 and the small gear 504 are both located in the crash box 20; the two small gears 504 located on the same side are meshed with each other, and the two large gears 503 located on the same side are meshed with the adjacent small gears 504 respectively; a first rocker 505, a second rotating shaft 502 is fixedly installed on the front and rear of the first rotating shaft 501, and a second rotating shaft 502 is fixedly installed on the front and rear of the first rotating shaft 501, and the large gear 503 and the small gear 504 are both located in the crash box 20; the two small gears 504 located on the same side are meshed with each other, and the two large gears 503 located on the same side are meshed with the adjacent small gears 504 respectively; A rocker arm 505, the first rocker arm 505 is located in the anti-collision box 20; a push rod 506, the lower end of the first rocker arm 505 is rotatably installed with a push rod 506, and the lower end of the push rod 506 is hingedly connected to the top surface of the lifting platform 30. In the initial state, the lifting platform 30 is located in an upper position inside the anti-collision box 20. At this time, the first rocker arm 505 and the push rod 506 are both in a tilted state; a stepper motor 507, the stepper motor 507 is electrically connected to a power supply, a support plate is fixedly installed on the upper part of the front of the anti-collision box 20, and a stepper motor 507 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the support plate, and the output end of the stepper motor 507 is fixedly connected to the front end of one of the first rotating shafts 501; the baffle 60 is transmission-connected to the first rotating shaft 501 through a follower assembly 70, and when the first rotating shaft 501 rotates, it can drive the two baffles 60 to move synchronously in the horizontal direction through the follower assembly 70.

[0017] When the device is in use, the stepper motor 507 drives the first rotating shaft 501 connected thereto to rotate, and through the meshing transmission of the large gear 503 and the small gear 504, the first rotating shafts 501 on both sides rotate synchronously, and at the same time, the first rocker 505 rotates with the first rotating shaft 501. When the position and angle of the first rocker 505 change, the push rod 506 connected thereto pushes the lifting platform 30 to move up and down. This structural design utilizes the meshing transmission of gears to achieve smooth lifting and lowering of the lifting platform 30. The precise control of the stepper motor 507 ensures the accurate positioning of the laser radar surveying and mapping instrument 40, thereby improving the surveying and mapping accuracy and efficiency.

[0018] The follower assembly 70 includes: Support shaft 701, support shafts 701 are fixedly installed on both sides of the front and both sides of the rear of the anti-collision box 20, and the first rotating shaft 501 is located between the two support shafts 701 on the same side; second rocker arm 702, the front and rear parts of the outer side of the first rotating shaft 501 are fixedly installed with second rocker arms 702 respectively; follower rod 703, follower rods 703 arranged parallel to the adjacent second rocker arms 702 are respectively mounted on bearings on the support shaft 701; mounting plate 704, mounting plates 704 are fixedly installed on the front and rear parts of the adjacent sides of the top surfaces of the two baffles 60 respectively, the lower ends of the second rocker arms 702 and the lower ends of the follower rods 703 are rotatably connected to the corresponding mounting plates 704 respectively, and a parallelogram structure is formed between the second rocker arms 702 and the follower rods 703 located on the same side.

[0019] During the operation of the follower assembly 70, when the first rotating shaft 501 rotates, the second rocker arm 702 swings accordingly, and the follower rod 703 of the parallelogram structure drives the mounting plate 704 and the baffle 60 to move horizontally, thereby realizing synchronous opening and closing with the lifting platform 30. The follower design ensures the coordinated movement of the baffle 60 and the lifting platform 30, which not only protects the safety of the laser radar surveyor 40 in the non-operating state, but also facilitates the rapid extension of the laser radar surveyor 40 during operation, thereby improving the operating efficiency and safety.

[0020] The bottom surface of the lifting platform 30 is provided with through grooves 301 on both sides, and guide rods 302 are slidably mounted in the through grooves 301, and the upper ends of the guide rods 302 are fixedly connected to the top surface of the inner wall of the anti-collision box 20. The guide rods 302 are fixed in the anti-collision box 20, and the lifting platform 30 slides on the guide rods 302 through the through grooves 301, which ensures the stability of the lifting platform 30 during the lifting process. This structural design effectively limits the moving trajectory of the lifting platform 30, improves the stability of the lifting platform 30, prevents the surveying and mapping errors caused by shaking or offset, and improves the surveying and mapping accuracy and stability of the device.

[0021] The lower ends of the guide rods 302 are respectively fixedly mounted with anti-slip plates 303, and the bottom surfaces of the anti-slip plates 303 are flush with the bottom surfaces of the anti-collision box 20. The anti-slip plates 303 are fixedly mounted at the lower ends of the guide rods 302 to prevent the lifting platform 30 from excessively descending and deviating from the track. This design enhances the safety of the device, avoids equipment damage caused by operating errors, and ensures the smooth progress of surveying and mapping operations.

[0022] Connecting rods 705 are fixedly installed on both sides of the mounting plate 704 opposite to the crash box 20, and the connecting rods 705 respectively penetrate the second rocking arm 702 and the follower rod 703 opposite to them, and the connecting rods 705 are rotationally connected with the corresponding second rocking arm 702 and the follower rod 703.

[0023] The bottom ends of the supporting legs 101 are fixedly mounted with buffer pads 102. The buffer pads 102 are used to absorb the impact force when the quad-wing UAV host 10 lands, protect the quad-wing UAV host 10 and the ground from damage, improve the landing safety of the quad-wing UAV host 10, extend the service life of the device, and also reduce potential damage to the working environment.

[0024] The present solution also includes a controller, the position of which is set by the staff according to actual conditions during operation. The controller is used to control the electrical devices used in the present solution, including but not limited to sensors, motors, telescopic rods, water pumps, solenoid valves, heating wires, heat pumps, display screens, computer input devices, switch buttons, communication equipment, lights, speakers and microphones; the controller is an Intel processor, an AMD processor, a PLC controller, an ARM processor or a single-chip microcomputer, and the supporting motherboard, memory stick, storage medium and power supply are also included therewith, and the power supply is AC or a lithium battery; when a display screen is provided, a display card is also provided; for the operating principle of the controller, please refer to "Principles of Automatic Control", "Principles of Microcontrollers and Application Simulation Cases" and "Principles and Applications of Sensors" published by Tsinghua University Press, and other books in the field can be used for reference; other automatic controls and electrical devices not mentioned are all knowledge well known to those skilled in the art and will not be repeated here.

[0025] In the explanation of the present invention, it should be noted that the terminology indicating the orientation is only for the convenience of description and understanding, and is not the only limitation on the installation position of the specific technical features, and does not exclude other possible installation methods.

[0026] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An engineering surveying and mapping device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising a four-wing unmanned aerial vehicle mainframe (10), wherein four corners of the bottom surface of the four-wing unmanned aerial vehicle mainframe (10) are respectively fixedly mounted with support legs (101), characterized in that: The bottom of the quad-wing UAV host (10) is fixedly mounted with an anti-collision box (20), the bottom surface of the anti-collision box (20) is open, and a lifting platform (30) is movably mounted in the anti-collision box (20), the bottom of the lifting platform (30) is fixedly mounted with a laser radar surveying instrument (40), the lifting platform (30) is installed in the anti-collision box (20) through a lifting adjustment component (50), baffles (60) are respectively provided on both sides of the bottom opening of the anti-collision box (20), the baffles (60) move synchronously with the lifting platform (30) through a follower component (70), the lifting adjustment component (50) is transmission-connected to the follower component (70), and the two baffles (60) can move horizontally under the drive of the follower component (70).

2. The engineering surveying and mapping device based on a drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting and lowering adjustment component (50) comprises: A first rotating shaft (501), the first rotating shaft (501) being rotatably mounted on both sides of the interior of the anti-collision box (20); A second rotating shaft (502), a second rotating shaft (502) is provided between the two first rotating shafts (501), and both ends of the second rotating shaft (502) are connected to corresponding side bearings of the inner wall of the anti-collision box (20); A large gear (503), the front and rear parts of the first rotating shaft (501) are respectively fixedly mounted with a large gear (503); A pinion gear (504), the front and rear portions of the second rotating shaft (502) being respectively fixedly mounted with the pinion gear (504); The two small gears (504) located on the same side mesh with each other, and the two large gears (503) located on the same side mesh with adjacent small gears (504) respectively; A first rocker (505), the first rocker (505) being fixedly mounted on the front and rear of the first rotating shaft (501); Push rods (506), the lower ends of the first rocker arms (505) are rotatably mounted with push rods (506), and the lower ends of the push rods (506) are hingedly connected to the top surface of the lifting platform (30); a stepper motor (507), a support plate fixedly mounted on the upper portion of the front of the anti-collision box (20), a stepper motor (507) fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the support plate, and an output end of the stepper motor (507) fixedly connected to a front end of one of the first rotating shafts (501); The baffle (60) is transmission-connected to the first rotating shaft (501) via a follower assembly (70).

3. The engineering surveying and mapping device based on a drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The follower assembly (70) comprises: Support shafts (701), the support shafts (701) being fixedly mounted on both sides of the front and the back of the anti-collision box (20); A second rocker (702), the second rocker (702) being fixedly mounted at the front and rear of the outer side of the first rotating shaft (501); A follower rod (703), wherein the support shaft (701) is respectively provided with a bearing on which a follower rod (703) arranged parallel to the adjacent second rocker (702) is mounted; The mounting plates (704) are fixedly mounted on the front and rear portions of the adjacent sides of the top surfaces of the two baffles (60), respectively, and the lower ends of the second rocker arms (702) and the follower arms (703) are rotatably connected to the corresponding mounting plates (704).

4. The engineering surveying and mapping device based on a drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: Through grooves (301) are respectively provided on both sides of the bottom surface of the lifting platform (30), and guide rods (302) are respectively slidably mounted in the through grooves (301), and the upper ends of the guide rods (302) are fixedly connected to the top surface of the inner wall of the anti-collision box (20).

5. The engineering surveying and mapping device based on a drone according to claim 4, characterized in that: An anti-slip plate (303) is fixedly mounted on the lower end of each guide rod (302), and the bottom surface of the anti-slip plate (303) is flush with the bottom surface of the anti-collision box (20).

6. The engineering surveying and mapping device based on a drone according to claim 3, characterized in that: Connecting rods (705) are fixedly mounted on both sides of a side opposite to the mounting plate (704) and the anti-collision box (20), respectively. The connecting rods (705) respectively penetrate the second rocking rod (702) and the follower rod (703) opposite to the mounting plate (704), and the connecting rods (705) are rotationally connected to the corresponding second rocking rod (702) and the follower rod (703).

7. The engineering surveying and mapping device based on a drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom ends of the support legs 101 are all fixedly mounted with buffer pads (102).

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