Warning and blocking device for prohibited navigation area of water area of hydropower station

Abstract

The invention discloses a warning and arresting device for a water area prohibited navigation area of a hydropower station, relates to the field of water conservancy projects, and aims to reduce the stress of an arresting rope when the arresting rope is impacted by water flow and reduce the pulling force of the rope on a shoreside fixed object, and adopts the technical scheme that the warning and arresting device for the water area prohibited navigation area of the hydropower station is provided. Comprising an arresting cable and buoys penetrating through the arresting cable in series, the two ends of the arresting cable are connected to shoreside fixing objects on the two shores, the upper end of each fixing cable is connected with the arresting cable, and the lower end of each fixing cable is connected with an underwater fixing object. The fixing cable can balance the impact force of water flow on the arresting cable, reduce the stress of the arresting cable, and reduce the acting force of two ends of the arresting cable on a shoreside fixture. The shoreside fixture is provided with a vertically-arranged sliding groove, a sliding body is arranged in the sliding groove, the two ends of the arresting cable are both connected with the sliding body, the arresting cable can automatically adapt to water level changes, and the arresting cable and the buoy are made to float on the water surface all the time. The device is installed on the boundaries of the prohibited areas and plays a role in warning and stopping.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of water conservancy projects, in particular to a device which is installed at the boundary of a restricted navigation zone and floats on the water surface to play a warning and blocking role. Background Art

[0002] In the field of hydropower project safety management, Part 3 of the Power System Security and Anti-Terrorism Prevention Requirements (GA1800.3-2021) requires: Hydropower generation enterprises should set up arresting measures such as arresting cables or barges in the restricted navigation areas upstream and downstream of the dam with natural runoff in accordance with the physical prevention requirements of the hydropower project. The arresting measures serve as a physical warning to prevent ships, yachts and other water vehicles from entering, and to ensure the safe operation of hydropower projects from being attacked and damaged. At present, the arresting measures adopted by large and medium-sized hydropower stations are mostly fixed or semi-fixed arresting cables. Arresting cables such as steel ropes and nylon ropes are used to connect the buoys in series, and the two ends of the arresting cables are fixed to the shore fixtures of the river bank and the reservoir bank. The buoyancy of the buoy makes the arresting cable float on the water surface, which plays a role of physical warning and arresting.

[0003] The above-mentioned existing arresting cables have some disadvantages. First, the arresting cables have poor ability to adapt to water level fluctuations. The waters upstream and downstream of the hydropower station fluctuate greatly throughout the year. The water level is lower during the dry season. Since both ends of the arresting cable are fixed, it is difficult for the arresting cable to drop as the water level drops, resulting in the buoy partially hanging in the air, or even completely hanging in the air, and losing its arresting effect; the water level is higher during the flood season. Since both ends of the arresting cable are fixed, it is difficult for the arresting cable to rise as the water level rises, resulting in the buoy and the arresting cable being partially submerged under the water surface, or even completely submerged under the water surface, and losing its warning and arresting effects. Second, the arresting cable is generally a steel rope, nylon rope, etc. Under the impact of the water flow, the arresting cable is subjected to a large tension and is easily broken; at the same time, the shore fixtures that fix the arresting cable are subject to a strong tension from the rope, and the stability of the shore fixtures is very high. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a warning arresting device for a prohibited navigation zone in waters of a hydropower station, the purpose of which is to reduce the force on an arresting cable when it is impacted by a water flow, and at the same time reduce the pulling force of the rope on a shore fixed object.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a warning and arresting device for a restricted navigation zone in waters of a hydropower station, comprising an arresting cable and a buoy serially arranged on the arresting cable, wherein both ends of the arresting cable are connected to shore fixtures on both sides, and also comprising at least one fixing cable, wherein the upper end of the fixing cable is connected to the arresting cable, and the lower end of the fixing cable is connected to an underwater fixture.

[0006] In order to prevent the buoy from moving randomly along the arresting cable, further: a limiter is respectively arranged at both ends of each buoy, and the limiter is fixed to the arresting cable; or, a plurality of limiters are arranged at intervals on the arresting cable, each limiter is fixed to the arresting cable, and a buoy is arranged between two adjacent limiters.

[0007] The underwater fixture plays the role of anchoring the lower end of the fixing cable. Specifically: the underwater fixture includes an anchor rod, the upper end of the anchor rod is embedded in a concrete anchor head, the concrete anchor head is embedded with an anchor hook, and the lower end of the fixing cable is connected to the anchor hook.

[0008] In order to facilitate the connection of the fixed rope, specifically: the fixed rope is a metal chain, and the upper and lower ends of the metal chain are respectively connected to the blocking rope and the anchor hook through shackles.

[0009] In order to arrange the barrier cable as close as possible to the line connecting the two shore fixtures, further, there are at least three underwater fixtures, each of which is located on the upstream side of the line connecting the two shore fixtures, and each of the underwater fixtures is arranged at intervals along the arc direction.

[0010] In order to make the arresting cable automatically adapt to the rise and fall of water level, further: the shore fixed object is provided with a vertically arranged slide groove, the slide groove is provided with a sliding body fixed in the slide groove and able to slide along the slide groove, and both ends of the arresting cable are connected to the sliding body.

[0011] Specifically: the shore fixture includes reinforced concrete and channel steel fixed in the reinforced concrete, the channel steel forms a vertically arranged slide, and the slide is C-shaped in the horizontal section; the sliding body includes a wheel frame and a first roller and a second roller installed on the wheel frame, at least one first roller and at least one second roller are respectively provided on the upstream side and the downstream side of the wheel frame, the rotating shaft of the first roller is parallel to the water flow direction, the rotating shaft of the second roller is perpendicular to the water flow direction, the rotating shaft of the first roller and the rotating shaft of the second roller are both horizontal, and the first roller and the second roller are both in contact with the slide.

[0012] In order to facilitate the connection between the end of the arresting cable and the wheel frame, further: the wheel frame is also provided with a connecting seat, the connecting seat is located outside the opening of the slide groove, the connecting seat is provided with a connecting shaft, the connecting shaft is parallel to the water flow direction and arranged in the horizontal direction, and the end of the arresting cable is connected to the connecting shaft.

[0013] In order to enable the wheel frame to slide up and down in the slide groove in response to changes in water level, further: the upstream side of the wheel frame is vertically spaced apart from the first roller, there are at least two first rollers, and the rotation directions of two adjacent first rollers are opposite, there are at least two second rollers, each of which is arranged along the vertical center line of the upstream side of the wheel frame, and each of the second rollers has the same rotation direction; the structure of the downstream side of the wheel frame is the same as the structure of the upstream side of the wheel frame.

[0014] In order to make the rolling paths of the first roller and the second roller in the slide groove more accurate, further, the inner side of the slide groove is provided with a first roller groove and a second roller groove respectively adapted to the first roller and the second roller.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the two ends of the arresting cable are respectively connected to the shore fixtures, the arresting cable is also connected to the fixing cable, and the lower end of the fixing cable is connected to the underwater fixture, the fixing cable can balance the impact force of the water flow on the arresting cable, directly reduce the force on the arresting cable, reduce the force of the two ends of the arresting cable on the shore fixture, and improve the durability and reliability of the arresting device. The shore fixture is provided with a vertically arranged chute, and a sliding body is provided in the chute. Both ends of the arresting cable are connected to the sliding body. The two ends of the arresting cable can slide along the chute, automatically adapt to the change of water level, so that the arresting cable and the buoys passing through the arresting cable always float on the water surface. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a vertical section corresponding to the arresting cable of an embodiment of a warning arresting device for a prohibited navigation zone in waters of a hydropower station according to the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the plan structure of the illustrated embodiment.

[0018] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a horizontal cross section of a chute of a shore fixture in the illustrated embodiment.

[0019] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a sliding body of a shore fixture in a horizontal cross section in the illustrated embodiment.

[0020] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Magnified image of the sliding body in .

[0021] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the matching relationship between the fixing rope and the underwater fixing object in the embodiment shown.

[0022] Figure numerals: arresting cable 1, buoy 2, shore fixture 3, reinforced concrete 3-1, channel steel 3-2, first roller groove 3-2-1, second roller groove 3-2-2, wheel frame 3-3, first roller 3-4, second roller 3-5, connecting seat 3-6, connecting shaft 3-7, fixing cable 4, shackle 4-1, underwater fixture 5, anchor rod 5-1, concrete anchor head 5-2, anchor hook 5-3, reservoir shoreline 6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0024] The hydropower station waters restricted navigation zone warning and blocking device of the present invention is suitable for scenes such as hydropower project reservoirs and waters where prevention is needed, such as the restricted navigation zone upstream of the hydropower station hub and the entrance to the reservoir waters. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the warning and arresting device for the restricted navigation zone in the waters of the hydropower station includes an arresting cable 1 and a buoy 2 which is serially inserted in the arresting cable 1, and the two ends of the arresting cable 1 are connected to the shore fixtures 3 on both sides. The arresting cable 1 is made of metal or non-metal material, generally a metal rope, such as a steel rope. There are multiple buoys 2, which float on the water surface and play a warning role. For example, the buoy 2 is a PVC warning buoy. The buoy 2 floats on the water surface by buoyancy to achieve physical warning and arresting effects. Each buoy 2 is serially inserted in the arresting cable 1. In order to prevent each buoy 2 from moving randomly along the arresting cable 1, a limiter is respectively arranged at both ends of each buoy 2, and the limiter is fixed to the arresting cable 1, that is, each buoy 2 is equipped with two limiters to fix the buoy 2 at a predetermined position of the arresting cable 1. In addition, since a certain displacement of the buoy 2 relative to the arresting cable 1 does not affect the warning function of the buoy 2, in order to reduce the number of limiters, multiple limiters can be arranged at intervals on the arresting cable 1, each limiter is fixed to the arresting cable 1, and a buoy 2 is inserted between two adjacent limiters. At this time, the buoy 2 can only move between the two adjacent limiters.

[0025] The prohibited navigation zone warning and arresting device in the waters of the hydropower station also includes at least one fixing cable 4, the upper end of each fixing cable 4 is connected to the arresting cable 1, and the lower end of the fixing cable 4 is connected to the underwater fixture 5. The lower end of the fixing cable 4 is fixed to the underwater fixture 5, and the underwater fixture 5 plays the role of anchoring the lower end of the fixing cable 4. For example, the underwater fixture 5 includes an anchor rod 5-1, and a slurry such as cement slurry is poured into the anchor rod 5-1. A concrete anchor head 5-2 is cast at the upper end of the anchor rod 5-1. The upper end of the anchor rod 5-1 is embedded in the concrete anchor head 5-2. The concrete anchor head 5-2 is embedded with an anchor hook 5-3, and the lower end of the fixing cable 4 is connected to the anchor hook 5-3. The fixing cable 4 is made of metal or non-metal material, generally a metal rope, such as a steel rope or a steel chain. In order to facilitate the connection of the fixing rope 4, the fixing rope 4 is a metal chain, and the upper and lower ends of the metal chain are respectively connected to the shackle 4-1, and are connected to the blocking rope 1 and the anchor hook 5-3 through the shackle 4-1. Figure 6 shown.

[0026] The two ends of the arresting cable 1 are connected to the shore fixture 3 respectively. The arresting cable 1 floats on the water surface. When the water flow impacts the arresting cable 1, since the arresting cable 1 is also connected to the fixing cable 4, and the lower end of the fixing cable 4 is connected to the underwater fixture 5, the fixing cable 4 can balance most of the impact force of the water flow on the arresting cable 1, significantly reducing the force on the arresting cable 1 and reducing the tensile strength requirements of the arresting cable 1. In addition, the fixing cable 4 also reduces the force of the two ends of the arresting cable 1 on the shore fixture 3, reducing the force requirements of the shore fixture 3.

[0027] There are multiple fixing cables 4, which are determined according to the span of the two banks, and are generally at least three. Since the blocking cable 1 is arc-shaped and convex to the downstream direction under the action of the water flow, each underwater fixture 5 is also arranged at intervals along the arc direction, and each underwater fixture 5 is located on the upstream side of the line connecting the two shore fixtures 3. For example, see Figure 2 There are three underwater fixtures 5 and three fixing cables 4, and each underwater fixture 5 is located on the upstream side of the line connecting the two shore fixtures 3, and each underwater fixture 5 is arranged at intervals along the arc direction.

[0028] The prohibited navigation zone warning arresting device in the waters of the hydropower station relies on the buoyancy of the buoy 2 to make the arresting cable 1 and the buoy 2 float on the water surface and adapt to the water level change. When the water level rises or falls, the buoy 2 rises or falls accordingly under the influence of buoyancy and gravity. When the present invention considers the amplitude of water level change, since the fixed cable 4 limits the position of the arresting cable 1, the chord length of the arresting cable 1 changes. When the water level rises, the chord length becomes longer, and when the water level drops, the chord length becomes shorter. The fixed cable 4 divides the arresting cable 1 into multiple intervals. The chord length of the arresting cable 1 in each interval is calculated at the highest water level to ensure that at different water levels, the arresting cable 1 can always maintain a certain natural curvature and will not be subjected to excessive force.

[0029] The shore fixture 3 plays the role of fixing the two ends of the barrier cable 1, and the shore fixture 3 is generally a building. The two ends of the barrier cable 1 can be fixedly connected to the shore fixture 3. In order to adapt to the change of water level, especially the reservoir area and water area of ​​the hydropower project with large water level fluctuation throughout the year, the two ends of the barrier cable 1 can be slidably installed on the shore fixture 3, and the sliding direction of the barrier cable 1 is vertical. Specifically, the shore fixture 3 is provided with a vertically arranged chute, and the chute is provided with a sliding body fixed in the chute and can slide along the chute, and both ends of the barrier cable 1 are connected to the sliding body.

[0030] A specific embodiment of a slide groove and a slide body is provided below. Figures 1 to 3 , the shore fixture 3 includes reinforced concrete 3-1 and channel steel 3-2 fixed in the reinforced concrete 3-1, the channel steel 3-2 forms a vertically arranged slide, and the slide is C-shaped in the horizontal section. In order to ensure the stability of the reinforced concrete 3-1, anchor rods can be driven into the rock mass of the shore and grouting can be performed, and the upper end of the anchor rod is embedded in the reinforced concrete 3-1. The channel steel 3-2 is preferably embedded in the reinforced concrete 3-1 to ensure that the channel steel 3-2 and the reinforced concrete 3-1 are a whole, so as to ensure that the channel steel 3-2 can withstand a large tensile force; alternatively, an anchor is provided in the reinforced concrete 3-1, and the channel steel 3-2 is welded to the anchor. A slide can be formed by one channel steel 3-2, or it can be surrounded by multiple channel steels 3-2. The slide has an opening, and the opening direction faces the river water surface or the reservoir water surface. Therefore, the slide is C-shaped in the horizontal section, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0031] The sliding body includes a wheel frame 3-3 and a first roller 3-4 and a second roller 3-5 installed on the wheel frame 3-3. The sliding body is located in the slide groove. At least one first roller 3-4 and at least one second roller 3-5 are respectively provided on the upstream side and the downstream side of the wheel frame 3-3. The first roller 3-4 and the second roller 3-5 are both in contact with the slide groove. The first roller 3-4 and the second roller 3-5 make rolling contact between the sliding body and the slide groove, thereby reducing the resistance of the sliding body to vertical sliding. Among them, the rotating shaft of the first roller 3-4 is parallel to the direction of water flow, and the rotating shaft of the second roller 3-5 is perpendicular to the direction of water flow. The rotating shafts of the first roller 3-4 and the second roller 3-5 are both horizontal, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 The first roller 3-4 and the second roller 3-5 enable the sliding body to slide smoothly in the sliding groove and adapt to the swing of the arresting cable 1.

[0032] The structure of the downstream side of the wheel frame 3-3 is the same as that of the upstream side of the wheel frame 3-3, and the structure of the downstream side of the slide groove is the same as that of the upstream side to balance the force. In order to make the wheel frame 3-3 slide more smoothly in the slide groove, the upstream side of the wheel frame 3-3 is vertically spaced apart from the first roller 3-4 and the second roller 3-5. There are at least two first rollers 3-4, and the rotation directions of two adjacent first rollers 3-4 are opposite, that is, each first roller 3-4 is in contact with only one side of the slide groove; there are at least two second rollers 3-5, and each second roller 3-5 is arranged along the vertical center line of the upstream side of the wheel frame 3-3, and each second roller 3-5 has the same rotation direction. For example, in Figure 5 In the embodiment shown, there are two first rollers 3-4 and three second rollers 3-5. In order to make the wheel frame 3-3 more stable when sliding in the slide groove, the slide groove is further provided with a first roller groove 3-2-1 and a second roller groove 3-2-2 respectively adapted to the first roller 3-4 and the second roller 3-5. Figure 3 shown.

[0033] In order to facilitate the connection between the end of the arresting cable 1 and the wheel frame 3-3, a connecting seat 3-6 is also provided on the side of the opening of the wheel frame 3-3 facing the slide slot. The connecting seat 3-6 is located outside the opening of the slide slot. The connecting seat 3-6 is provided with a connecting shaft 3-7. The connecting shaft 3-7 is parallel to the water flow direction and is arranged in the horizontal direction. The end of the arresting cable 1 is connected to the connecting shaft 3-7.

Claims

1. A warning and arresting device for a prohibited navigation zone in a hydropower station water area, comprising an arresting cable (1) and a buoy (2) which is serially arranged through the arresting cable (1), wherein both ends of the arresting cable (1) are connected to shore fixtures (3) on both sides, and characterized in that: It also comprises at least one fixing rope (4), the upper end of which is connected to the blocking rope (1), and the lower end of which is connected to an underwater fixing object (5).

2. The prohibited navigation zone warning and arresting device for a hydropower station water area as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A stopper is provided at each end of each buoy (2), and the stopper is fixed to the arresting cable (1); or, a plurality of stoppers are provided at intervals on the arresting cable (1), and each stopper is fixed to the arresting cable (1), and a buoy (2) is provided between two adjacent stoppers.

3. The prohibited navigation zone warning and arresting device for a hydropower station water area as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The underwater fixture (5) comprises an anchor rod (5-1), the upper end of the anchor rod (5-1) is embedded in a concrete pile head (5-2), an anchor hook (5-3) is embedded in the concrete pile head (5-2), and the lower end of the fixing rope (4) is connected to the anchor hook (5-3).

4. The prohibited navigation zone warning and arresting device for a hydropower station water area as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The fixing rope (4) is a metal chain, and the upper and lower ends of the metal chain are respectively connected to the blocking rope (1) and the anchor hook (5-3) through a shackle (4-1).

5. The prohibited navigation zone warning and arresting device for a hydropower station water area as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: There are at least three underwater fixtures (5), each of which is located on the upstream side of a line connecting two shore fixtures (3), and each of which is arranged at intervals along an arc direction.

6. The prohibited navigation zone warning and blocking device for a hydropower station water area according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The shore fixture (3) is provided with a vertically arranged slide groove, in which a sliding body is provided, which is fixed in the slide groove and can slide along the slide groove, and both ends of the blocking cable (1) are connected to the sliding body.

7. The prohibited navigation zone warning and arresting device for a hydropower station water area as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The shore fixture (3) comprises reinforced concrete (3-1) and a channel steel (3-2) fixed in the reinforced concrete (3-1), wherein the channel steel (3-2) forms a vertically arranged slide groove, and the slide groove is C-shaped in a horizontal section; the sliding body comprises a wheel frame (3-3) and a first roller (3-4) and a second roller (3-5) installed on the wheel frame (3-3), at least one first roller (3-4) and at least one second roller (3-5) are respectively arranged on the upstream side and the downstream side of the wheel frame (3-3), the rotating shaft of the first roller (3-4) is parallel to the water flow direction, the rotating shaft of the second roller (3-5) is perpendicular to the water flow direction, the rotating shaft of the first roller (3-4) and the rotating shaft of the second roller (3-5) are both horizontal, and the first roller (3-4) and the second roller (3-5) are both in contact with the slide groove.

8. The prohibited navigation zone warning and arresting device for a hydropower station as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The wheel frame (3-3) is also provided with a connecting seat (3-6), the connecting seat (3-6) is located outside the opening of the slide groove, the connecting seat (3-6) is provided with a connecting shaft (3-7), the connecting shaft (3-7) is parallel to the water flow direction and arranged in the horizontal direction, and the end of the blocking cable (1) is connected to the connecting shaft (3-7).

9. The prohibited navigation zone warning and arresting device for a hydropower station water area as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: A first roller (3-4) and a second roller (3-5) are arranged at intervals along a vertical direction on the upstream side of the wheel frame (3-3); there are at least two first rollers (3-4), and the rotation directions of two adjacent first rollers (3-4) are opposite; there are at least two second rollers (3-5), and each second roller (3-5) is arranged along a vertical center line on the upstream side of the wheel frame (3-3), and each second roller (3-5) has the same rotation direction; the structure of the downstream side of the wheel frame (3-3) is the same as the structure of the upstream side of the wheel frame (3-3).

10. The prohibited navigation zone warning and arresting device for a hydropower station water area as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: A first roller groove (3-2-1) and a second roller groove (3-2-2) respectively adapted to the first roller (3-4) and the second roller (3-5) are also respectively provided on the inner side of the slide groove.

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