River water taking method

Abstract

The invention discloses a riverway water taking method, which realizes water taking by arranging a communicated water taking channel on one side of a riverway, and is characterized in that: the water diversion flow of the water taking channel is detected, and when the water diversion flow is insufficient, a spur dike arranged at the adjacent position of the downstream end of the water taking channel is controlled to extend out of a heap water level into the riverway so as to improve the water flow of the water taking channel. The water taking device has the advantages that the water taking amount can be better adjusted according to the water level, and the water taking amount is kept stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of river water intake and diversion, and in particular to a river water intake method. Background Art

[0002] People usually need to draw water from rivers for urban life and agricultural irrigation. The general way to draw water from rivers is to directly set up a connected water intake channel on one side of the river to divert river water to achieve water intake. How to control the water diversion flow rate of the water intake in the river diversion project is an important issue. The water demand for water intake is usually relatively stable within a certain period of time, but the water level of the river may fluctuate greatly due to ups and downs, which will cause the water diversion volume and water demand to not match. If the water diversion flow rate of the water intake is less than the water demand for life and production in the area, the water diversion is insufficient and the water is not enough; if the water diversion flow rate of the water intake is greater than the water demand for life and production in the area, the water diversion is excessive and the supply exceeds the demand, resulting in a waste of water resources.

[0003] At present, it is generally adopted to set up traditional gates at the water intake to control the water diversion flow. Although this type of gate has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture, it has a single function and many shortcomings. For example, the control range of the traditional gate is very limited. Once the water level in the river is low, even if the gate has reached the maximum opening, its actual water diversion flow may not reach the target water diversion flow, resulting in insufficient water diversion and insufficient water use. Secondly, if the water level in the river changes significantly at a certain moment, the water intake flow will also change significantly. However, the traditional gate cannot make spontaneous dynamic regulation of its water diversion flow, but can only wait for the gate control personnel to manually control it, which is bound to cause the problem of untimely adjustment of the water diversion flow.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a river water intake method that is convenient for adjusting the water intake according to the water level has become a problem that needs to be considered and solved by technical personnel in this field. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to provide a river water intake method that can better adjust the water intake amount according to the water level.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A method for taking water from a river channel, which realizes water intake by setting a communicating water intake channel on one side of the river channel. The method is characterized in that the water diversion flow of the water intake channel is detected. When it is insufficient, the water level is raised by controlling a spur dike set adjacent to the downstream end of the water intake channel to extend into the river channel to increase the water flow of the water intake channel.

[0007] In this way, when this method detects that the flow of the water intake channel is insufficient, it relies on controlling the telescopic groyne at the downstream end to extend outward to raise the water level to increase the flow of the water intake channel. When the water level of the river channel drops, it can ensure that the water intake channel has sufficient water diversion flow to ensure the water intake effect.

[0008] Furthermore, the water flow of the water intake channel is first adjusted by setting a gate valve at the water intake of the water intake channel. When the gate valve is fully opened and the water diversion flow of the water intake channel is still insufficient, the water flow of the water intake channel is increased by controlling the extension of the spur dike.

[0009] In this way, conventional water intake flow control is achieved through gate valves. When the water level of the river itself drops, the water level is raised by controlling the extension of the spur dike to ensure that the water intake channel has sufficient water intake effect.

[0010] Furthermore, the method is implemented through a river water intake system, which includes a water intake channel connected and arranged on one side of the river channel, a gate valve device is arranged at the water intake where the water intake channel and the river channel meet, and a telescopic spur dike device is also arranged adjacent to the downstream end of the river bank where the water intake channel is located. The telescopic spur dike device includes a spur dike body, which is telescopically installed in a dam body containing groove arranged on the river bank facing the river channel, a dam body telescopic control device is arranged on one side of the dam body containing groove and is connected to the spur dike body, and the dam body telescopic control device can control one end of the spur dike body to extend outward from the dam body containing groove, and a flow detection device is also arranged in the water intake channel.

[0011] In this way, the river water intake system can detect the water flow in the water intake channel through the flow detection device. When the flow cannot meet the water intake demand, the gate valve device is controlled to open gradually to increase the flow in the water intake channel to meet the water intake demand. If the water level in the river drops, resulting in the gate valve device fully opening and still cannot meet the water intake demand, the spur dam body can be further controlled to extend into the river under the action of the dam body expansion and contraction control device, so that the water level at the water intake channel is raised, thereby increasing the water flow in the water intake channel. Better meet the water intake demand and ensure the water intake effect. During implementation, the flow detection device is connected to the gate valve device and the dam body expansion and contraction control device respectively through an automatic control system.

[0012] Furthermore, the gate valve device includes a gate plate vertically installed in the gate grooves on both sides of the water intake, a screw is vertically arranged on the gate plate, a nut with height limit is screwed on the screw, and the nut is connected to the gate valve motor in a transmission manner.

[0013] In this way, the nut and the screw form a screw-nut transmission pair, and the gate valve motor output drives the nut to rotate forward or reverse, which can drive the screw to move upward or downward, thereby realizing the opening and closing control of the gate valve. It has the advantages of simple structure and convenient control.

[0014] Furthermore, the dam body expansion and contraction control device includes a rack fixedly arranged on the spur dam body along the length direction of the spur dam body, and also includes a transmission gear meshing with the rack, and the transmission gear is transmission-connected to the spur dam motor installed on one side of the dam body receiving groove.

[0015] In this way, the rack and the transmission gear form a gear rack transmission pair, and the spur motor outputs positive and reverse rotation, and the transmission gear and the rack drive the spur to extend or retract, thereby realizing control. It has the advantages of simple structure and convenient control.

[0016] Further, as an option, the water intake channel is an open-air channel structure, and the flow detection device includes a water level detection device and a flow rate detection device arranged in the water intake channel, the water level detection device and the flow rate detection device are connected to a control center, and the control center is connected to the gate valve device and the telescopic groyne device to form an automatic control system.

[0017] In this way, the water level and flow rate in the water intake channel can be detected by the water level detection device and the flow rate detection device respectively, and then the water flow in the water intake channel can be calculated by the control center according to the obtained water intake channel outer dimensions, and then the gate valve device and the telescopic groyne device can be controlled by feedback. In this way, the water level detection device and the flow rate detection device can be obtained by using existing products with existing functions, which is easy to implement.

[0018] As another option, the water intake channel is a pipeline structure with a water intake located below the water surface of the river channel, and the flow detection device includes a first water pressure receiving groove and a second water pressure receiving groove connected to each other at the top of the water intake channel, the first water pressure receiving groove is arranged on a large-diameter variable diameter section protruding outward from the water intake channel, and the second water pressure receiving groove is arranged on a constant-diameter section of the water intake channel at one end of the variable diameter section; a floating piston plate is respectively arranged in the first water pressure receiving groove and the second water pressure receiving groove, a piston rod is fixed upward on the upper end of the piston plate, and the piston rod is located in a dark room, and a vertical row of control laser lights are arranged vertically in parallel on the piston rod of the first water pressure receiving groove opposite to the piston rod of the second water pressure receiving groove, and the control laser lights are connected to a power supply; a vertical row of control photoelectric panels are arranged on the piston rod of the second water pressure receiving groove opposite to the control laser lights, and two power output ends of the control photoelectric panels are respectively connected to the joint control circuit of the gate valve device and the dam body expansion and contraction control device to form an automatic control system.

[0019] In this way, when the water flows through the hydraulic receiving groove, the water pressure on the pipe wall will push the piston plate and the piston rod thereon upward. At the same time, due to the Venturi effect, based on the different diameters of the water intake channel, there will be a pressure difference between the first hydraulic receiving groove and the second hydraulic plug-in groove, and the greater the water flow of the water intake channel, the greater the pressure difference will be, and the pressure difference will be relatively smaller when the water flow of the water intake channel decreases. Therefore, when the water flow of the water intake channel decreases, the pressure difference between the first hydraulic receiving groove and the second hydraulic plug-in groove becomes smaller, so that the height difference of the two piston rods pushed up by the pressure becomes smaller, and then the area of ​​the control laser light irradiated on the control photoelectric panel becomes larger, and the formed power output signal becomes larger. Therefore, according to the change of the power output signal, the control circuit can be used to realize the control of the gate valve and the spur dam. Specifically, the joint control circuit is used to control the gate valve to gradually open and connect the spur dam to gradually extend according to the change of the power signal output by the control photoelectric panel from small to large. The automatic control process of the water flow of the water intake channel can be completed. It has the characteristics of simple structure and convenient control.

[0020] Furthermore, the combined control circuit includes an ammeter for gate valve control and an ammeter for spur dike control. The ammeter for gate valve control and the ammeter for spur dike control are connected in parallel with wires and connected to two power output ends of the control photoelectric panel to form a parallel input power supply circuit; the pointer on the gate valve control ammeter for displaying current is a conductive pointer for gate valve control that can rotate in the middle, and the conductive pointer for gate valve control is insulated from its own rotating shaft. A pair of gate valve lifting contacts are provided in the forward direction of the conductive pointer for gate valve control and are connected after the conductive pointer for gate valve control rotates forward. After connection, the gate valve lifting contacts are connected to the power supply and the gate valve motor through wires to form a gate valve lifting control circuit (the gate valve lifting control circuit can control the forward rotation of the gate valve motor The gate valve control conductive pointer is provided with a pair of gate valve lowering contacts in the reverse direction and is connected after the gate valve control conductive pointer is reversed. After connection, the gate valve lowering contacts are connected to the power supply and the gate valve motor through wires to form a gate valve lowering control circuit (the gate valve lowering control circuit can control the gate valve motor to reverse and drive the gate plate to drop down and close; in specific implementation, the gate valve control conductive pointer is insulated in the middle and the two ends are connected to the wires connected to the two ends of the power supply to realize the gate valve lifting control circuit after forward rotation, and the gate valve lowering control circuit after reverse rotation. Of course, the structure similar to the conductive pointer for spur dam control can also be used to achieve connection); the pointer for displaying current on the spur dam control ammeter is a pointer in the middle that can be A conductive pointer for controlling the spur dam is rotated, and an insulation arrangement is arranged between the conductive pointer for controlling the spur dam and its own rotating shaft. A pair of contacts for extending the spur dam is arranged in the forward direction of the conductive pointer for controlling the spur dam, and is connected after the conductive pointer for controlling the spur dam rotates forward. After connection, the contacts for extending the spur dam are connected to the power supply and the spur dam motor through a wire to form a spur dam extension control circuit (the spur dam extension control circuit can drive the spur dam motor to rotate forward and make the spur dam extend outward). A pair of contacts for retracting the spur dam is arranged in the reverse direction of the conductive pointer for controlling the spur dam, and is connected after the conductive pointer for controlling the spur dam rotates reversely. After connection, the contacts for retracting the spur dam are connected to the power supply and the spur dam motor through a wire to form a spur dam retraction control circuit (the spur dam retraction control circuit can drive the spur dam motor to rotate reversely and make the spur dam retract inward). In the specific implementation, the conductive pointer for spur dike control is conductive as a whole and is connected to the spur dike extension control circuit after forward rotation, and is connected to the spur dike retraction control circuit after reverse rotation. Of course, the connection can also be achieved by adopting a structure similar to the conductive pointer for gate valve control); a first safety electromagnetic switch in a normally closed state (for preventing short circuit) is also installed in the spur dike extension control circuit, and the electromagnet of the first safety electromagnetic switch is connected in series in the spur dike retraction control circuit and can disconnect the first safety electromagnetic switch after connection; a second safety electromagnetic switch in a normally closed state (for preventing short circuit) is also installed in the spur dike retraction control circuit, and the electromagnet of the second safety electromagnetic switch is connected in series in the spur dike extension control circuit and can disconnect the second safety electromagnetic switch after connection; A normally open spur dike extension start trigger switch is also arranged in series in the spur dike extension control circuit. The spur dike extension start trigger switch is installed on the screw of the gate plate and is triggered and connected after the gate plate rises to the limit position; a normally open spur dike retraction start trigger switch is also arranged in series in the spur dike retraction control circuit. The spur dike retraction start trigger switch is installed on the dam body receiving slot and is triggered and connected after the spur dike is extended (in this way, once the spur dike is extended, the spur dike retraction control circuit can be turned on as long as the water flow in the water intake channel is reduced, but before the spur dike is extended, it can be ensured that the spur dike retraction control circuit is always in a disconnected state so that it does not interfere with the control process of the gate valve); a colinear segment using the same wire is provided at the position connected to the gate valve motor in the gate valve lifting control circuit and the gate valve lowering control circuit, and a normally closed gate valve protection trigger switch is installed in the colinear segment and is triggered and disconnected after the spur dike is extended.

[0021] In this way, in the above-mentioned joint control circuit, the control photovoltaic panel outputs electricity and drives the pointers of the gate valve control ammeter and the spur dike control ammeter to rotate. Through the pre-calibration setting, when the gate valve is about half open and the flow of the water intake channel can meet the demand, the control photovoltaic panel outputs electricity to supply the pointers of the two ammeters to just rotate to the zero state of the middle position between the positive and negative rotation. When in use, when the water flow of the water intake channel decreases, the output current of the two power output ends of the control photovoltaic panel increases, and at the same time drives the pointers of the gate valve control ammeter and the spur dike control ammeter to rotate forward, respectively connecting the gate valve lifting contact and the spur dike extension contact. However, due to the presence of the spur dike extension start trigger switch on the screw, the spur dike extension control circuit will not be connected when the gate valve is not lifted to the limit position. Therefore, at this time, only the gate valve lifting control circuit is turned on, so that the gate valve is lifted to increase the water flow of the water intake channel (on the contrary, when the water flow of the water intake channel increases, the pointers of the gate valve control ammeter and the spur dike control ammeter are reversed, and the gate valve lowering contact and the spur dike retraction contact are connected respectively, but the existence of the spur dike retraction start trigger switch makes the spur dike retraction control circuit not connected, so at this time, only the gate valve lowering control circuit is turned on, so that the gate valve is lowered to reduce the water flow of the water intake channel). Until the gate valve is lifted to the limit position, when the water flow is still insufficient, the screw on the gate plate drives the spur dike extension start trigger switch to turn on, and the spur dike extension control circuit is turned on to drive the spur dike motor to rotate forward, so that the spur dike is extended. After the spur dike is extended, it drives the spur dike retraction start trigger switch to turn on, and at the same time drives the gate valve protection trigger switch to disconnect to protect the gate valve, so that after the spur dike is extended, the gate valve remains at the maximum opening position and does not move during the process of the spur dike continuing to extend or retract. At the same time, after the spur dike is extended, since the spur dike retraction start trigger switch is already turned on, once the water flow in the water intake channel is sufficient and too large, the pointer of the spur dike control ammeter reverses, and the spur dike retraction control circuit is turned on to control the spur dike to gradually retract. When the spur dike is fully retracted, the gate valve protection trigger switch is actuated and changes to the normally closed state, so that the gate valve lowering control circuit can start working. After the gate valve starts to descend, the spur dike extension start trigger switch on the screw is disconnected, and the spur dike is protected from circuit breaker. Therefore, the above-mentioned joint control circuit relies on a pure circuit structure to achieve the perfect connection and switching control between the gate valve control part and the spur dike control part, without the need to use a computer or PLC combined with a remote control switch for control, and has the characteristics of low cost and reliable control.

[0022] Furthermore, a third water pressure receiving groove symmetrical to the second water pressure receiving groove is also provided on the equal diameter section at the other end of the variable diameter section at the top of the water intake channel. A piston plate in a floating state and a corresponding piston rod are provided inside the third water pressure receiving groove, and the structure is symmetrical with the piston plate and the piston rod in the second water pressure receiving groove. A vertical row of calibration laser lights are also symmetrically installed on the piston rod of the first water pressure receiving groove on the side opposite to the control laser light. The piston rod of the third water pressure receiving groove is located in a darkroom and a vertical row of calibration photoelectric panels are provided opposite to the calibration laser lights. The calibration photoelectric panels and the control photoelectric panels are symmetrically arranged, and the power output end of the calibration photoelectric panel is connected in series with a calibration ammeter to form a control loop. A calibration sliding rheostat is also provided in the circuit branch where the gate valve control ammeter is located, the circuit branch where the spur dike control ammeter is located, and the circuit trunk connected to the two power output ends of the control photoelectric panel; The gate valve device is also provided with a gate valve calibration motor, and the gate valve calibration motor output shaft is drivingly connected to a nut on the screw rod.

[0023] In this way, when calibration and zeroing are required, the gate valve is adjusted to a semi-extended state through the gate valve calibration motor, and the water flow information of the water intake channel at this time is fed back through the calibration ammeter reading to make it meet the flow required for regular water intake, and then the resistance values ​​of the three calibration sliding rheostats are adjusted to make the pointers of the gate valve control ammeter and the spur dike control ammeter simultaneously in the zeroing state. Therefore, the above structure can more accurately control and realize the zeroing calibration of the gate valve control ammeter and the spur dike control ammeter.

[0024] Furthermore, the spur dike extension start trigger switch includes an insulating rod coaxially arranged at the upper end of the screw, a conductive segment is arranged in the middle of the insulating rod, and a conductive cylinder is arranged at the upper end of the insulating rod in contact with the sliding sleeve. The conductive segment and the conductive cylinder are connected in series to the spur dike extension control circuit. When the screw rises to the limit position, the conductive segment and the conductive cylinder are in contact and conductive.

[0025] This has the advantages of simple structure and reliable control.

[0026] Furthermore, the spur dike retraction start trigger switch includes a spring switch contact rod connected in series in the spur dike retraction control circuit, and also includes an insulating pressure rod installed at the innermost end of the spur dike. When the spur dike is fully retracted, the insulating pressure rod and the spring switch contact rod abut against each other and keep them in a normally open state. When the spur dike is extended, the spring switch contact rod returns to a closed and connected state when the insulating pressure rod leaves.

[0027] This has the advantages of simple structure and reliable control.

[0028] Furthermore, the gate valve protection trigger switch includes a normally closed switch contact rod connected in series in a colinear segment, the switch contact rod is connected to a pressure head through a connecting rod and a spring, and the front end of the pressure head has an inclined surface located on the front end extension path of the spur dike, so that when the spur dike is extended, the pressure head can be pushed through the inclined surface to open the switch contact rod.

[0029] This has the advantages of simple structure and reliable control.

[0030] In summary, the present invention has the advantage of being able to better adjust the water intake according to the water level and maintain a stable water intake. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the river water intake system used in the implementation of the present invention is a plan view from the top. The arrows in the figure indicate the direction of water flow.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the automatic control system of the river water intake system used in the implementation of the present invention. In order to better show the connection structure of the circuit part, the applicant adjusted the view direction of the schematic diagram of the non-circuit part of the component structure. The structure of the water intake channel and the device thereon is as follows: Figure 1 The left view direction of the spur dike is and Figure 1 The same top-view direction involves two ammeter parts being the top-view direction.

[0033] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The enlarged schematic diagram at position A in the middle is used to show the structure of the trigger switch for starting the spur dike retraction.

[0034] Figure 4 for Figure 2 The enlarged schematic diagram of position B in the middle is used to show the structure of the gate valve protection trigger switch.

[0035] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the ammeter used for controlling a separate gate valve from the front view.

[0036] Figure 6 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the ammeter used for controlling the single spur dam from the front view direction.

[0037] Figure 7 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the separate input power supply circuit.

[0038] Figure 8 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the individual gate valve lifting control circuit.

[0039] Fig. 9for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the control circuit for lowering a single gate valve.

[0040] Fig.10 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the control circuit for the extension of a single spur dike.

[0041] Fig.11 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the control circuit for the retraction of a single spur dike. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation modes.

[0043] Embodiment: A method for taking water from a river channel. This method takes water by setting a communicating water intake channel on one side of the river channel. The method is characterized in that the water diversion flow of the water intake channel is detected. When the water flow is insufficient, the water level is raised by controlling the spur dike set adjacent to the downstream end of the water intake channel to extend into the river channel to increase the water flow of the water intake channel.

[0044] In this way, when this method detects that the flow of the water intake channel is insufficient, it relies on controlling the telescopic groyne at the downstream end to extend outward to raise the water level to increase the flow of the water intake channel. When the water level of the river channel drops, it can ensure that the water intake channel has sufficient water diversion flow to ensure the water intake effect.

[0045] Among them, the water flow of the water intake channel is first adjusted by setting a gate valve at the water intake of the water intake channel. When the gate valve is fully opened and the water diversion flow of the water intake channel is still insufficient, the water flow of the water intake channel is increased by controlling the extension of the spur dike.

[0046] In this way, conventional water intake flow control is achieved through gate valves. When the water level of the river itself drops, the water level is raised by controlling the extension of the spur dike to ensure that the water intake channel has sufficient water intake effect.

[0047] In this embodiment, the method is implemented by a river water intake system, the river water intake system, see Figure 1-11 As shown, it includes a water intake channel 2 which is connected and arranged on one side of a river channel 1. A gate valve device is arranged at the water intake where the water intake channel 2 and the river channel are connected. A telescopic spur dike device is also arranged adjacent to the downstream end of the river bank where the water intake channel is located. The telescopic spur dike device includes a spur dike body 3. The spur dike body 3 is telescopically installed in a dam body receiving groove 4 arranged on the river bank facing the river channel. A dam body telescopic control device is arranged on one side of the dam body receiving groove 4 and is connected to the spur dike body. The dam body telescopic control device can control one end of the spur dike body 3 to extend outward from the dam body receiving groove. A flow detection device is also arranged in the water intake channel.

[0048] In this way, the river water intake system can detect the water flow in the water intake channel through the flow detection device. When the flow cannot meet the water intake demand, the gate valve device is controlled to open gradually to increase the flow in the water intake channel to meet the water intake demand. If the water level in the river drops, resulting in the gate valve device fully opening and still cannot meet the water intake demand, the spur dam body can be further controlled to extend into the river under the action of the dam body expansion and contraction control device, so that the water level at the water intake channel is raised, thereby increasing the water flow in the water intake channel. Better meet the water intake demand and ensure the water intake effect. During implementation, the flow detection device is connected to the gate valve device and the dam body expansion and contraction control device respectively through an automatic control system.

[0049] Among them, the gate valve device includes a gate plate 5 vertically installed in the gate grooves on both sides of the water intake, a screw rod 6 is vertically arranged on the gate plate 5, and a nut 7 with limited height direction is screwed on the screw rod 6, and the nut 7 is transmission connected to the gate valve motor 8.

[0050] In this way, the nut and the screw form a screw-nut transmission pair, and the gate valve motor output drives the nut to rotate forward or reverse, which can drive the screw to move upward or downward, thereby realizing the opening and closing control of the gate valve. It has the advantages of simple structure and convenient control.

[0051] Among them, the dam body expansion and contraction control device includes a rack 9 fixedly arranged on the spur dam body along the length direction of the spur dam body 3, and also includes a transmission gear 10 meshing with the rack 9. The transmission gear 10 is connected to the spur dam motor 13 installed on one side of the dam body receiving groove.

[0052] In this way, the rack and the transmission gear form a gear rack transmission pair, and the spur motor outputs positive and reverse rotation, and the transmission gear and the rack drive the spur to extend or retract, thereby realizing control. It has the advantages of simple structure and convenient control.

[0053] As another optional embodiment, the water intake channel is an open-air channel structure, and the flow detection device includes a water level detection device and a flow rate detection device arranged in the water intake channel, the water level detection device and the flow rate detection device are connected to a control center, and the control center is connected to the gate valve device and the telescopic spur dike device to form an automatic control system.

[0054] In this way, the water level and flow rate in the water intake channel can be detected by the water level detection device and the flow rate detection device respectively, and then the water flow in the water intake channel can be calculated by the control center according to the obtained water intake channel outer dimensions, and then the gate valve device and the telescopic groyne device can be controlled by feedback. In this way, the water level detection device and the flow rate detection device can be obtained by using existing products with existing functions, which is easy to implement.

[0055] In this embodiment, the water intake channel 2 is a pipeline structure with a water intake located below the water surface of the river channel (especially suitable for water intake in the case of a higher riverbed), and the flow detection device includes a first water pressure receiving groove 11 and a second water pressure receiving groove 12 connected and arranged at the top of the water intake channel. The first water pressure receiving groove 11 is arranged on a large-diameter variable diameter section protruding outward from the water intake channel, and the second water pressure receiving groove 12 is arranged on a water intake channel equal diameter section at one end of the variable diameter section; the first water pressure receiving groove 11 and the second water pressure receiving groove 12 are each provided with a floating A piston plate, a piston rod is fixedly arranged upward on the upper end of the piston plate, the piston rod is located in a darkroom (not shown in the darkroom diagram), a vertical row of control laser lights 14 are arranged vertically in parallel on the piston rod of the first water pressure receiving groove 11, facing the piston rod of the second water pressure receiving groove, and the control laser lights 14 are connected to a power supply 15; a vertical row of control photoelectric panels 16 are arranged on the piston rod of the second water pressure receiving groove, facing the control laser lights, and two power output ends of the control photoelectric panels 16 are respectively connected to the joint control circuit of the gate valve device and the dam body expansion and contraction control device to form an automatic control system.

[0056] In this way, when the water flows through the hydraulic receiving groove, the water pressure on the pipe wall will push the piston plate and the piston rod thereon upward. At the same time, due to the Venturi effect, based on the different diameters of the water intake channel, there will be a pressure difference between the first hydraulic receiving groove and the second hydraulic plug-in groove, and the greater the water flow of the water intake channel, the greater the pressure difference will be, and the pressure difference will be relatively smaller when the water flow of the water intake channel decreases. Therefore, when the water flow of the water intake channel decreases, the pressure difference between the first hydraulic receiving groove and the second hydraulic plug-in groove becomes smaller, so that the height difference of the two piston rods pushed up by the pressure becomes smaller, and then the area of ​​the control laser light irradiated on the control photoelectric panel becomes larger, and the formed power output signal becomes larger. Therefore, according to the change of the power output signal, the control circuit can be used to realize the control of the gate valve and the spur dam. Specifically, the joint control circuit is used to control the gate valve to gradually open and connect the spur dam to gradually extend according to the change of the power signal output by the control photoelectric panel from small to large. The automatic control process of the water flow of the water intake channel can be completed. It has the characteristics of simple structure and convenient control.

[0057] The combined control circuit includes a gate valve control ammeter 17 and a spur dike control ammeter 18. The gate valve control ammeter 17 and the spur dike control ammeter 18 are connected in parallel with the two power output ends of the control photoelectric panel 16 by wires to form a parallel input power supply circuit 19. The pointer for displaying the current on the gate valve control ammeter 17 is a gate valve control conductive pointer 20 that can rotate in the middle. The gate valve control conductive pointer 20 is insulated from its own rotating shaft. A pair of gate valve lifting contacts 21 are provided in the positive rotation direction of the gate valve control conductive pointer 20 and are connected after the gate valve control conductive pointer rotates forward. After the connection, the gate valve lifting contacts 21 The gate valve lifting control circuit 22 is connected to the power supply 15 and the gate valve motor 8 through a wire (the gate valve lifting control circuit can control the gate valve motor to rotate forward and drive the gate plate to lift upward and open), and the gate valve control conductive pointer 20 is provided with a pair of gate valve lowering contacts 23 in the reverse direction and is connected after the gate valve control conductive pointer is reversed. After the connection is made, the gate valve lowering contacts 23 are connected to the power supply 15 and the gate valve motor 8 through a wire to form a gate valve lowering control circuit 24 (the gate valve lowering control circuit can control the gate valve motor 8 to reverse and drive the gate plate to drop downward and close; in the specific implementation, the gate valve control conductive pointer 20 is insulated in the middle and the two ends are connected to the wires connected to the two ends of the power supply to realize the forward rotation. The gate valve lifting control circuit is connected, and the gate valve lowering control circuit is connected after reversal. Of course, the connection can also be achieved by adopting a structure similar to the conductive pointer for spur dike control); the pointer for displaying the current on the spur dike control ammeter 18 is a conductive pointer for spur dike control 25 that can rotate in the middle. The conductive pointer for spur dike control 25 is insulated from its own rotating shaft. A pair of spur dike extension contacts 26 are provided in the forward direction of the conductive pointer for spur dike control 25 and are connected after the conductive pointer for spur dike control rotates forward. After connection, the spur dike extension contacts 26 are connected to the power supply 15 and the spur dike motor 13 through wires to form a spur dike extension control circuit 27 (the spur dike extension control circuit can carry The spur dike motor rotates forward and causes the spur dike to extend outward), a pair of spur dike retraction contacts 28 are provided in the reverse direction of the spur dike control conductive pointer 25 and are connected after the spur dike control conductive pointer 25 is reversed. After the connection is connected, the spur dike retraction contacts 28 are connected to the power supply 15 and the spur dike motor 13 through a wire to form a spur dike retraction control circuit 29 (the spur dike retraction control circuit can drive the spur dike motor to reverse and cause the spur dike to retract inward. In specific implementation, the spur dike control conductive pointer 25 is conductive as a whole and is connected to the spur dike extension control circuit after forward rotation, and is connected to the spur dike retraction control circuit after reverse rotation. Of course, the connection can also be achieved by adopting a structure similar to that of the gate valve control conductive pointer);A first electromagnetic safety switch 30 (for preventing short circuit) in a normally closed state is also installed in the spur dike extension control circuit 27. The electromagnet of the first electromagnetic safety switch 30 is connected in series in the spur dike retraction control circuit 29 and can disconnect the first electromagnetic safety switch 30 after being turned on. A second electromagnetic safety switch 31 (for preventing short circuit) in a normally closed state is also installed in the spur dike retraction control circuit 29. The electromagnet of the second electromagnetic safety switch 31 is connected in series in the spur dike extension control circuit 27 and can disconnect the second electromagnetic safety switch 31 after being turned on. The spur dike extension control circuit 27 is also provided with a normally open spur dike extension start trigger switch 32 in series, which is installed on the screw rod 6 of the gate plate and is triggered and connected after the gate plate rises to the limit position; the spur dike retraction control circuit 29 is also provided with a normally open spur dike retraction start trigger switch 33 in series, which is installed on the dam body receiving groove and is triggered and connected after the spur dike 3 is extended (in this way, once the spur dike is extended, the spur dike retraction control circuit can be turned on as long as the water flow of the water intake channel is reduced, but before the spur dike is extended, it can be ensured that the spur dike retraction control circuit is always in a disconnected state so that it does not interfere with the control process of the gate valve); the gate valve lifting control circuit 22 and the gate valve lowering control circuit 24 have a colinear segment 35 using the same conductor at the position connected to the gate valve motor 8, and a gate valve protection trigger switch 36 in the colinear segment 35 is installed in the normally closed state and is triggered and disconnected after the spur dike is extended.

[0058] In this way, in the above-mentioned joint control circuit, the control photovoltaic panel outputs electricity and drives the pointers of the gate valve control ammeter and the spur dike control ammeter to rotate. Through the pre-calibration setting, when the gate valve is about half open and the flow of the water intake channel can meet the demand, the control photovoltaic panel outputs electricity to supply the pointers of the two ammeters to just rotate to the zero state of the middle position between the positive and negative rotation. When in use, when the water flow of the water intake channel decreases, the output current of the two power output ends of the control photovoltaic panel increases, and at the same time drives the pointers of the gate valve control ammeter and the spur dike control ammeter to rotate forward, respectively connecting the gate valve lifting contact and the spur dike extension contact. However, due to the presence of the spur dike extension start trigger switch on the screw, the spur dike extension control circuit will not be connected when the gate valve is not lifted to the limit position. Therefore, at this time, only the gate valve lifting control circuit is turned on, so that the gate valve is lifted to increase the water flow of the water intake channel (on the contrary, when the water flow of the water intake channel increases, the pointers of the gate valve control ammeter and the spur dike control ammeter are reversed, and the gate valve lowering contact and the spur dike retraction contact are connected respectively, but the existence of the spur dike retraction start trigger switch makes the spur dike retraction control circuit not connected, so at this time, only the gate valve lowering control circuit is turned on, so that the gate valve is lowered to reduce the water flow of the water intake channel). Until the gate valve is lifted to the limit position, when the water flow is still insufficient, the screw on the gate plate drives the spur dike extension start trigger switch to turn on, and the spur dike extension control circuit is turned on to drive the spur dike motor to rotate forward, so that the spur dike is extended. After the spur dike is extended, it drives the spur dike retraction start trigger switch to turn on, and at the same time drives the gate valve protection trigger switch to disconnect to protect the gate valve, so that after the spur dike is extended, the gate valve remains at the maximum opening position and does not move during the process of the spur dike continuing to extend or retract. At the same time, after the spur dike is extended, since the spur dike retraction start trigger switch is already turned on, once the water flow in the water intake channel is sufficient and too large, the pointer of the spur dike control ammeter reverses, and the spur dike retraction control circuit is turned on to control the spur dike to gradually retract. When the spur dike is fully retracted, the gate valve protection trigger switch is actuated and changes to the normally closed state, so that the gate valve lowering control circuit can start working. After the gate valve starts to descend, the spur dike extension start trigger switch on the screw is disconnected, and the spur dike is protected from circuit breaker. Therefore, the above-mentioned joint control circuit relies on a pure circuit structure to achieve the perfect connection and switching control between the gate valve control part and the spur dike control part, without the need to use a computer or PLC combined with a remote control switch for control, and has the characteristics of low cost and reliable control.

[0059] Among them, a third water pressure receiving groove 38 symmetrical in structure to the second water pressure receiving groove 12 is also arranged on the equal diameter section at the other end of the variable diameter section at the top of the water intake channel 2, a piston plate and a corresponding piston rod in a floating state are arranged inside the third water pressure receiving groove 38, and the structure is symmetrical with the piston plate and the piston rod in the second water pressure receiving groove 12, a vertical row of calibration laser lights 39 (the calibration laser lights are connected to the power supply for power supply) are also symmetrically installed on the piston rod of the first water pressure receiving groove 11 on the side opposite to the control laser light 14, the piston rod of the third water pressure receiving groove 38 is located in the darkroom and a vertical row of calibration photoelectric panels 40 are arranged opposite to the calibration laser lights, the calibration photoelectric panels 40 and the control photoelectric panels 16 are symmetrically arranged, and the power output end of the calibration photoelectric panel 40 is connected in series with a calibration ammeter 41 to form a control loop; A calibration sliding rheostat 42 is also provided in the circuit branch where the gate valve control ammeter 17 is located, the circuit branch where the spur dike control ammeter 18 is located, and the circuit trunk connected to the two power output ends of the control photoelectric panel 16; The gate valve device is also provided with a gate valve calibration motor 43, and the output shaft of the gate valve calibration motor 43 is drivingly connected to the nut 7 on the screw rod.

[0060] In this way, when calibration and zeroing are required, the gate valve is adjusted to a semi-extended state through the gate valve calibration motor, and the water flow information of the water intake channel at this time is fed back through the calibration ammeter reading to make it meet the flow required for regular water intake, and then the resistance values ​​of the three calibration sliding rheostats are adjusted to make the pointers of the gate valve control ammeter and the spur dike control ammeter simultaneously in the zeroing state. Therefore, the above structure can more accurately control and realize the zeroing calibration of the gate valve control ammeter and the spur dike control ammeter.

[0061] Among them, the spur dike extension start trigger switch 32 includes an insulating rod 44 coaxially arranged at the upper end of the screw rod 6, a conductive segment 45 is arranged in the middle of the insulating rod 44, and a conductive tube 46 is arranged at the upper end of the insulating rod in contact with the sliding sleeve. The conductive segment 45 and the conductive tube 46 are connected in series to the spur dike extension control circuit 27. When the screw rod 6 rises to the limit position, the conductive segment 45 and the conductive tube 46 are in contact and conductive.

[0062] This has the advantages of simple structure and reliable control.

[0063] Among them, the spur dike retraction start trigger switch 33 includes a spring switch contact rod connected in series in the spur dike retraction control circuit, and also includes an insulating pressure rod 48 installed at the innermost end of the spur dike 3. When the spur dike 3 is fully retracted, the insulating pressure rod 48 and the spring switch contact rod abut and keep it in a normally open state. When the spur dike is extended, the spring switch contact rod returns to a closed and connected state when the insulating pressure rod leaves.

[0064] This has the advantages of simple structure and reliable control.

[0065] Among them, the gate valve protection trigger switch 36 includes a normally closed switch contact rod connected in series in a colinear segment, and the switch contact rod is connected to a pressure head 49 through a connecting rod and a spring. The front end of the pressure head 49 has an inclined surface located on the front end extension path of the spur dike, so that when the spur dike 3 is extended, the pressure head can be pushed through the inclined surface to open the switch contact rod.

[0066] In addition, during implementation, a normally closed limit switch 50 for the extension of the spur dike is also provided in the spur dike extension control circuit. The limit switch for the extension of the spur dike is installed on the dam body receiving groove and can be disconnected by contacting the insulating pressure rod when the spur dike is extended to the limit position. In this way, the limit position of the extension of the spur dike can be better protected.

Claims

1. A method for taking water from a river, wherein the method takes water by setting a communicating water intake channel on one side of the river, and the method is characterized in that: The water diversion flow of the water intake channel is detected. If it is insufficient, the water level is raised by controlling the spur dike set up adjacent to the downstream end of the water intake channel to extend into the river channel to increase the water flow of the water intake channel.

2. The river water intake method according to claim 1, characterized in that: First, the water flow of the water intake channel is adjusted by setting a gate valve at the water intake of the water intake channel. When the gate valve is fully opened and the water diversion flow of the water intake channel is still insufficient, the water flow of the water intake channel is increased by controlling the extension of the spur dike.

3. The river water intake method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method is implemented through a river water intake system, which includes a water intake channel connected and arranged on one side of the river channel, a gate valve device is arranged at the water intake where the water intake channel and the river channel meet, and a telescopic spur dike device is also arranged adjacent to the downstream end of the river bank where the water intake channel is located. The telescopic spur dike device includes a spur dike body, which is telescopically installed in a dam body containing groove arranged on the river bank facing the river channel, a dam body telescopic control device is arranged on one side of the dam body containing groove and is connected to the spur dike body, and the dam body telescopic control device can control one end of the spur dike body to extend outward from the dam body containing groove, and a flow detection device is also arranged in the water intake channel.

4. The river water intake method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gate valve device includes a gate plate vertically installed in the gate grooves on both sides of the water intake, a screw rod is vertically arranged on the gate plate, a nut limited in height direction is screwed on the screw rod, and the nut is transmission-connected to the gate valve motor.

5. The river water intake method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The dam body expansion and contraction control device comprises a rack fixedly arranged on the spur dam body along the length direction of the spur dam body, and also comprises a transmission gear meshed with the rack, and the transmission gear is transmission-connected to the spur dam motor installed on one side of the dam body receiving groove.

6. The river water intake method according to claim 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that: The water intake channel is an open-air channel structure. The flow detection device includes a water level detection device and a flow rate detection device arranged in the water intake channel. The water level detection device and the flow rate detection device are connected to a control center. The control center is connected to the gate valve device and the telescopic groyne device to form an automatic control system.

7. The river water intake method according to claim 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that: The water intake channel is a pipeline structure with a water intake located below the water surface of the river channel. The flow detection device includes a first water pressure receiving groove and a second water pressure receiving groove connected and arranged at the top of the water intake channel. The first water pressure receiving groove is arranged on a large-diameter variable diameter section protruding outward from the water intake channel, and the second water pressure receiving groove is arranged on a constant-diameter section of the water intake channel at one end of the variable diameter section; a piston plate in a floating state is respectively arranged in the first water pressure receiving groove and the second water pressure receiving groove, and a piston rod is fixedly arranged upward on the upper end of the piston plate, and the piston rod is located in a dark room. A vertical row of control laser lights are arranged vertically in parallel on the piston rod of the first water pressure receiving groove opposite to the piston rod of the second water pressure receiving groove, and the control laser lights are connected to a power supply; a vertical row of control photoelectric panels are arranged on the piston rod of the second water pressure receiving groove opposite to the control laser lights, and two power output ends of the control photoelectric panels are respectively connected to the joint control circuit of the gate valve device and the dam body expansion and contraction control device to form an automatic control system.

8. The river water intake method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The combined control circuit includes an ammeter for gate valve control and an ammeter for spur dike control. The ammeter for gate valve control and the ammeter for spur dike control are connected in parallel with two power output ends of the control photoelectric panel by wires to form a parallel input power supply circuit; the pointer for displaying current on the ammeter for gate valve control is a conductive pointer for gate valve control that can rotate in the middle, and the conductive pointer for gate valve control is insulated from its own rotating shaft. A pair of gate valve lifting contacts are provided in the positive rotation direction of the conductive pointer for gate valve control, and are connected after the conductive pointer for gate valve control rotates forward. After connection, the gate valve lifting contacts are connected to the power supply and the gate valve motor through wires to form a gate valve lifting control circuit. A pair of gate valve lowering contacts are provided in the reverse direction of the conductive pointer for gate valve control, and are connected after the conductive pointer for gate valve control rotates reversely. After connection, the gate valve lowering contacts are connected to the power supply and the gate valve motor through wires to form a gate valve lowering control circuit; the pointer for displaying current on the ammeter for spur dike control is a conductive pointer for gate valve control that can rotate in the middle. A conductive pointer for spur dam control, the conductive pointer for spur dam control and its own rotating shaft are insulated, a pair of spur dam extension contacts are provided in the forward direction of the conductive pointer for spur dam control, and the conductive pointer for spur dam control is connected after the forward rotation, and the spur dam extension contacts are connected to the power supply and the spur dam motor through a wire to form a spur dam extension control circuit after the connection, a pair of spur dam retraction contacts are provided in the reverse direction of the conductive pointer for spur dam control, and the conductive pointer for spur dam control is connected after the reverse rotation, and the spur dam retraction contacts are connected to the power supply and the spur dam motor through a wire to form a spur dam retraction control circuit after the connection; a first normally closed electromagnetic switch is also installed in the spur dam extension control circuit, the electromagnet of the first electromagnetic switch is connected in series in the spur dam retraction control circuit and can disconnect the first electromagnetic switch after the connection, and a second normally closed electromagnetic switch is also installed in the spur dam retraction control circuit, the electromagnet of the second electromagnetic switch is connected in series in the spur dam extension control circuit and can disconnect the second electromagnetic switch after the connection; The spur dike extension control circuit is also provided with a normally open spur dike extension start trigger switch in series, which is installed on the screw of the gate plate and is triggered and connected after the gate plate rises to the limit position; the spur dike retraction control circuit is also provided with a normally open spur dike retraction start trigger switch in series, which is installed on the dam body accommodating groove and is triggered and connected after the spur dike is extended; the gate valve lifting control circuit and the gate valve lowering control circuit are connected to the gate valve motor at a position with a colinear segment using the same wire, and a gate valve protection trigger switch in a normally closed state is installed in the colinear segment and is triggered and disconnected after the spur dike is extended.

9. The river water intake method according to claim 8, characterized in that: A third water pressure receiving groove symmetrical to the second water pressure receiving groove is also provided on the equal diameter section at the other end of the variable diameter section at the top of the water intake channel. A piston plate in a floating state and a corresponding piston rod are provided inside the third water pressure receiving groove, and the structure is symmetrical with the piston plate and the piston rod in the second water pressure receiving groove. A vertical row of calibration laser lights are symmetrically installed on the piston rod of the first water pressure receiving groove on the side opposite to the control laser lights. The piston rod of the third water pressure receiving groove is located in a darkroom and a vertical row of calibration photoelectric panels are provided directly opposite to the calibration laser lights. The calibration photoelectric panels and the control photoelectric panels are symmetrically arranged, and the power output end of the calibration photoelectric panel is connected in series with a calibration ammeter to form a control loop. A calibration sliding rheostat is also provided in the circuit branch where the gate valve control ammeter is located, the circuit branch where the spur dike control ammeter is located, and the circuit trunk connected to the two power output ends of the control photoelectric panel; The gate valve device is also provided with a gate valve calibration motor, and the gate valve calibration motor output shaft is drivingly connected to a nut on the screw rod.

10. The river water intake method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The spur dike extension start trigger switch comprises an insulating rod coaxially arranged at the upper end of the screw rod, a conductive segment is arranged in the middle of the insulating rod, a conductive cylinder is arranged at the upper end of the insulating rod in contact with the sliding sleeve, the conductive segment and the conductive cylinder are connected in series to the spur dike extension control circuit, and the conductive segment and the conductive cylinder are in contact and conductive when the screw rod rises to the limit position; The spur dike retraction start trigger switch comprises a spring switch contact rod connected in series in the spur dike retraction control circuit, and also comprises an insulating pressure rod installed at the innermost end of the spur dike. When the spur dike is fully retracted, the insulating pressure rod and the spring switch contact rod abut against each other and keep them in a normally open state. When the spur dike is extended, the spring switch contact rod returns to a closed state when the insulating pressure rod leaves. The gate valve protection trigger switch includes a normally closed switch contact rod connected in series in a colinear segment. The switch contact rod is connected to a pressure head through a connecting rod and a spring. The front end of the pressure head has an inclined surface located on the front end extension path of the spur dike, so that when the spur dike is extended, the pressure head can be pushed through the inclined surface to open the switch contact rod.

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