Wedge-shaped locking and pressing type safety screw capable of preventing mistaken disassembly

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical part fastening, and discloses a wedge-shaped locking pressing type safety screw capable of preventing mistaken dismounting, which comprises a wedge-shaped safety cover and an anti-loose inner screw, the anti-loose inner screw comprises a screw head and a screw rod, the top of the screw head is provided with a spring groove, the top edge is provided with a circle of wedge-shaped teeth, and the wedge-shaped safety cover is provided with a wedge-shaped groove. A spring groove is formed in the screw rod, a polish rod hole penetrating through the screw rod is formed in the bottom of the spring groove, a circle of tapered ball mounting holes are formed in the outer side of the lower end of the screw rod, balls are arranged in the ball mounting holes, the wedge-shaped safety cover comprises a cover cap and a polish rod, and one end of the polish rod is connected to the inner top wall of a cavity of the cover cap. The screw head is sleeved with the cap, and meshing teeth capable of being connected with the wedge-shaped teeth in a matched mode are arranged in a cavity of the cap. The anti-loosening device is simple in structure, capable of achieving a good anti-loosening effect, capable of preventing mistaken disassembly, high in reliability, easy to manufacture and install, rapid to operate, capable of reducing the production cost and high in cost performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical parts fastening, and in particular to a wedge-shaped locking and pressing safety screw for preventing accidental disassembly. Background Art

[0002] In the field of mechanical engineering, screws are an indispensable and important component in mechanical connections, and their tightening effect is directly related to the stability and safety of the entire mechanical system. However, in actual use, due to the influence of factors such as vibration, impact, temperature changes, and alternating loads, screws often become loose, which not only affects the normal operation of the equipment, reduces the reliability and stability of the equipment, but may even cause serious safety accidents.

[0003] At present, the common methods of screw loosening prevention mainly include friction loosening prevention, such as compression spring washers, double nuts, etc.; mechanical loosening prevention, such as stop washers, cotter pins, etc.; permanent loosening prevention, such as welding, riveting, etc. These loosening prevention methods can prevent screws from loosening to a certain extent, but they still have their own limitations. For example, the reliability of friction loosening prevention is relatively low and it is easily affected by environmental factors and fails; mechanical loosening prevention requires additional parts, which increases the complexity and cost of the structure; although permanent loosening prevention has good effects, it often requires the destruction of fasteners during disassembly, which is not conducive to the repair and maintenance of equipment.

[0004] In addition, common methods for preventing screws from being disassembled by mistake mainly include special-shaped nut design, such as hexagonal star shape, plum blossom shape, etc.; locking design, such as thread glue, welding fixation, etc.; destructive design, such as fragile head design, broken head screws, etc.; electronic lock design, etc. These methods of preventing screws from being disassembled by mistake can prevent screws from being disassembled by mistake to a certain extent, but they still have their own limitations. For example, the special-shaped nut design requires a special screwdriver for disassembly, which increases the maintenance cost of the equipment; although the locking design and destructive design have good effects, they often need to destroy the fasteners during disassembly, which will cause great inconvenience during normal maintenance or replacement, and also increase the maintenance cost of the equipment; the electronic lock design increases the cost of the equipment, and requires an additional power supply and control system, and the structure is complex, which is not conducive to widespread application.

[0005] Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a safety screw that can prevent accidental disassembly to a certain extent and can effectively prevent the screw from loosening. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to prevent screws from loosening and mistakenly dismantling.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is to provide a wedge-shaped locking and pressing safety screw for preventing accidental disassembly, including a wedge-shaped safety cover and an anti-loosening inner screw, the anti-loosening inner screw including a screw head and a screw rod, the screw head and the screw rod are connected to form a T-shaped hollow tubular structure, the top of the screw head is provided with a spring groove, a circle of wedge-shaped teeth is provided at the top edge, the bottom of the spring groove is provided with a smooth rod hole that passes through the screw rod, the outer side of the lower end of the screw rod is provided with a circle of tapered ball mounting holes, the ball mounting hole is connected with the smooth rod hole, and a ball is provided in the ball mounting hole, the wedge-shaped safety cover includes a cap and a smooth rod, the cap is a cavity structure with an opening at the bottom, one end of the smooth rod is connected to the top wall of the cavity of the cap, and the other end is inserted into the smooth rod hole and is provided with a circle of ball grooves, the cap is sleeved on the screw head, and the cavity of the cap is provided with meshing teeth that can be matched with the wedge-shaped teeth.

[0008] Optionally, a compression spring is provided in the spring groove, and the compression spring is sleeved on the light rod, with one end of the compression spring connected to the bottom of the spring groove and the other end connected to the inner top wall of the cap.

[0009] Optionally, a limiting groove is provided at the bottom of one end of the screw head away from the cap, and a limiting protrusion is provided at the opening of the bottom of the cap, and the limiting protrusion of the spring groove can cooperate with the limiting groove.

[0010] Optionally, the screw rod is externally provided with threads.

[0011] Optionally, a spring washer and a flat washer are sleeved on the screw rod.

[0012] Optionally, the outer side of the cap is provided with knurling and the top is provided with a screw groove.

[0013] To sum up, the new type of wedge-shaped locking and pressing safety screw for preventing accidental disassembly of the present invention has a simple structure, can achieve a good anti-loosening effect, and can prevent accidental disassembly, has high reliability, is easy to manufacture and install, and the installation process is basically the same as the traditional screw connection method, and is quick to operate; it does not add new mechanical parts and complex processes, reduces production costs, and has a high cost performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-loosening inner screw structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the wedge-shaped safety cover structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the initial state structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention after installation and tightening;

[0020] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention in the use state after installation;

[0021] In the figure: 1. wedge-shaped safety cover; 2. anti-loosening inner screw; 3. polished rod hole; 4. thread; 5. spring groove; 6. wedge-shaped teeth; 7. ball mounting hole; 8. ball; 9. cover cap; 10. polished rod; 11. ball groove; 12. meshing teeth; 13. compression spring; 14. screw head; 15. screw rod; 16. limit groove; 17. limit protrusion; 18. knurling; 19. screw groove; 20. spring washer; 21. flat washer; 22. connected part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following combination Figure 1-7 The present invention is described in further detail.

[0023] The present invention discloses a wedge-shaped locking and pressing safety screw for preventing accidental disassembly, Figure 1 and Figure 2 , including a wedge-shaped safety cover 1 and an anti-loosening inner screw 2, the anti-loosening inner screw 2 includes a screw head 14 and a screw rod 15, such as Figure 3 As shown, the screw head 14 and the screw rod 15 are connected to form a T-shaped hollow tubular structure, the top of the screw head 14 is provided with a spring groove 5, a circle of wedge-shaped teeth 6 is provided at the top edge, the bottom of the spring groove 5 is provided with a smooth rod hole 3 that penetrates the screw rod 15, the outside of the screw rod 15 is provided with a thread 4, and the outer side of the lower end of the screw rod 15 is provided with a circle of tapered ball mounting holes 7, the ball mounting holes 7 are connected to the smooth rod hole 3, and balls 8 are provided in the ball mounting holes 7. Figure 4 The wedge-shaped safety cover 1 includes a cap 9 and a polished rod 10. The cap 9 is a cavity structure with an opening at the bottom. One end of the polished rod 10 is connected to the top wall of the cavity of the cap 9, and the other end is inserted into the polished rod hole 3 and is provided with a circle of ball grooves 11. The cap 9 is sleeved on the screw head 14, and the cavity of the cap 9 is provided with meshing teeth 12 that can cooperate with the wedge-shaped teeth 6.

[0024] In a further embodiment, a compression spring 13 is provided in the spring groove 5 , and the compression spring 13 is sleeved on the light rod 10 . One end of the compression spring 13 is connected to the bottom of the spring groove 5 , and the other end is connected to the inner top wall of the cap 9 .

[0025] In a further embodiment, a limiting groove 16 is provided at the bottom of the end of the screw head 14 away from the cap 9, and a limiting protrusion 17 is provided at the opening at the bottom of the cap 9. The limiting protrusion 17 of the spring slot 5 can cooperate with the limiting groove 16 to limit the displacement of the cap 9 and prevent the cap 9 from falling off.

[0026] In a further embodiment, a spring washer 20 and a flat washer 21 are sleeved on the screw rod 15, which can prevent the safety screw from loosening to a certain extent. The outer side of the cap 9 is provided with a hand-tightened knurling 18, and the top is provided with a screw groove 19.

[0027] The wedge-shaped locking push-type safety screw for preventing mis-disassembly of the present invention is based on the interaction of elastic deformation, friction and wedge-shaped locking. It is used with traditional spring washers and flat washers during installation. When in use:

[0028] Reference Figure 5 In the initial state, the spring washer 20 and the flat washer 21 are installed on the safety screw, and the safety screw is placed on the mounting hole of the connected part 22. The contact between the various parts of the safety screw and the connected part 22 is relatively loose. At this time, the compression spring 13 is in a relaxed state, and the ball 8 is pressed to the outermost edge of the ball mounting hole 7 in the anti-loosening inner screw 2 by the light rod 10 of the wedge-shaped safety cover 1. The safety screw, the spring washer 20 and the flat washer 21 do not play a tightening role;

[0029] Reference Figure 6 , downward pressure and rotational torque are applied to the cap 9 of the wedge-shaped safety cover 1 at the same time. Under the action of the downward pressure, the compression spring 13 is gradually compressed. In the axial direction, the wedge-shaped teeth 6 of the anti-loosening inner screw 2 and the meshing teeth 12 of the wedge-shaped safety cover 1 are fully in contact and engaged. The anti-loosening inner screw 2 and the wedge-shaped safety cover 1 rotate at the same time. In the radial direction, the compression of the compression spring 13 causes the smooth rod 10 of the wedge-shaped safety cover 1 to move downward, and the ball 8 moves inward to the ball groove 11 at the lower end of the smooth rod 10, so that the safety screw is normally installed and tightened under the simultaneous action of the downward pressure and the rotational torque;

[0030] Reference Figure 7 , the safety screw is tightened, the downward pressure and rotational torque are removed, the compression spring 13 is gradually restored, and in the axial direction, the wedge-shaped teeth 6 of the anti-loosening inner screw 2 and the meshing teeth 12 of the wedge-shaped safety cover 1 are gradually separated, and in the radial direction, the recovery of the compression spring 13 will cause the light rod 10 of the wedge-shaped safety cover 1 to move upward, and the ball 8 moves outward to the outer edge of the ball mounting hole 7 of the anti-loosening inner screw 2, thereby pressing the light hole part at the lower end of the screw hole of the connected part 22 to prevent the safety screw from loosening.

[0031] When disassembling, it is also necessary to apply downward pressure and torque for reverse rotation at the same time. Under the action of downward pressure, the compression spring 13 is gradually compressed. In the axial direction, the wedge-shaped teeth 6 of the anti-loosening inner screw 2 and the meshing teeth 12 of the wedge-shaped safety cover 1 are fully in contact and engaged. The anti-loosening inner screw 2 and the wedge-shaped safety cover 1 rotate at the same time, and the ball 8 is retracted into the ball groove 11. Under the action of downward pressure and torque for reverse rotation at the same time, the safety screw is normally loosened.

[0032] If an unauthorized person fails to apply downward pressure and only applies torque for rotation in the opposite direction, when manually loosening the safety screw, the wedge-shaped teeth 6 of the anti-loosening inner screw 2 and the meshing teeth 12 of the wedge-shaped safety cover 1 are not fully engaged, the wedge-shaped safety cover 1 will rotate alone, while the anti-loosening inner screw 2 will not rotate, the compression spring 13 will be in a relaxed state, the smooth rod 10 of the wedge-shaped safety cover 1 will not move, and the ball 8 will still be at the outermost edge of the ball mounting hole 7 at the lower end of the anti-loosening inner screw 1, pressed against the smooth hole part at the lower end of the thread of the connected part, and the safety screw cannot be loosened normally, thereby realizing the anti-mistaken disassembly design of the safety screw.

[0033] The safety screw structure of the present invention adds a ball locking mechanism, which can effectively resist these external forces to a certain extent in dynamic environments such as vibration and impact, greatly improve the stability of the connection, and ensure that the screw always remains in a tightened state;

[0034] The addition of a wedge-shaped anti-mistaken disassembly mechanism reduces the risk of safety accidents caused by mis-disassembly by unauthorized personnel to a certain extent, ensuring the safety of equipment and structures during use;

[0035] From the perspective of economic benefits, on the one hand, the safety screws have a simple structure and are easy to install. They do not require special tools and skills, and do not add any new parts that need to be installed, thus reducing production and use costs. On the other hand, due to the good relaxation effect, the frequent maintenance and replacement of screws is reduced, thus reducing maintenance costs. In practical applications, they have a wide range of applicability and can be used for connections between various materials. They are easy to install and suitable for different production and maintenance scenarios, such as household use and use by young children.

[0036] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wedge-shaped locking and pressing safety screw for preventing accidental disassembly, characterized in that: The invention comprises a wedge-shaped safety cover (1) and an anti-loosening inner screw (2), wherein the anti-loosening inner screw (2) comprises a screw head (14) and a screw rod (15), wherein the screw head (14) and the screw rod (15) are connected to form a T-shaped hollow tubular structure, wherein a spring groove (5) is provided at the top of the screw head (14), and a circle of wedge-shaped teeth (6) is provided at the top edge, and a bare rod hole (3) penetrating the screw rod (15) is provided at the bottom of the spring groove (5), and a circle of tapered ball mounting holes (7) are provided at the outer side of the lower end of the screw rod (15), and the ball mounting holes (7) are provided at the outer side of the lower end of the screw rod (15). The hole (7) is connected to the rod hole (3), a ball (8) is arranged in the ball mounting hole (7), the wedge-shaped safety cover (1) comprises a cap (9) and a rod (10), the cap (9) is a cavity structure with an opening at the bottom, one end of the rod (10) is connected to the top wall of the cavity of the cap (9), and the other end is inserted into the rod hole (3) and is provided with a circle of ball grooves (11), the cap (9) is sleeved on the screw head (14), and the cavity of the cap (9) is provided with meshing teeth (12) that can be matched with the wedge-shaped teeth (6).

2. The wedge-shaped locking and pressing safety screw for preventing accidental disassembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: A compression spring (13) is provided in the spring groove (5), and the compression spring (13) is sleeved on the light rod (10). One end of the compression spring (13) is connected to the bottom of the spring groove (5), and the other end is connected to the inner top wall of the cover cap (9).

3. The wedge-shaped locking and pressing safety screw for preventing accidental disassembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: A limiting groove (16) is provided at the bottom of one end of the screw head (14) away from the cover cap (9), and a limiting protrusion (17) is provided at the opening of the bottom of the cover cap (9). The limiting protrusion (17) of the spring groove (5) can cooperate with the limiting groove (16).

4. The wedge-shaped locking and pressing safety screw for preventing accidental disassembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screw rod (15) is provided with a thread (4) on the outside.

5. The wedge-shaped locking and pressing safety screw for preventing accidental disassembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The screw rod (15) is sleeved with a spring washer (20) and a flat washer (21).

6. The wedge-shaped locking and pressing safety screw for preventing accidental disassembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the cover cap (9) is provided with knurling (18), and the top is provided with a screw groove (19).

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