Strong pulse particle beam generation system and method based on metal wire electrical explosion

Abstract

The invention relates to a pulse particle beam generation system and method, in particular to a strong pulse particle beam generation system and method based on metal wire electric explosion, and solves the problems that in the prior art, the density of a high-atomic-number metal target is far higher than the laser critical density; long-distance acceleration is difficult to form and subsequent effects are difficult to generate after laser incidence, and research on interaction between strong laser and low-density high-Z materials is limited. The system comprises a pulse current source, a laser source, a laser transmission unit, a laser focusing unit, a vacuum target chamber, a metal wire load, a first transmission line and a second transmission line, femtosecond laser passes through the laser transmission unit and the laser focusing unit to form a linear polarization laser pulse, and the linear polarization laser pulse passes through the incidence window to be focused in the mixed ionization substance to generate a pulse particle beam. According to the method, the high-flux pulse particle beam with the pulse width smaller than 100 fs can be generated by regulating and controlling the state of the mixed ionization substance in a delayed mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a system and method for generating a pulse particle beam, and in particular to a system and method for generating a strong pulse particle beam based on metal wire electrical explosion. Background Art

[0002] By artificially generating strong pulsed particle beams in the laboratory, researchers conduct research in various nuclear science and technology fields, such as detector technology, radiation-resistant electronic devices, radiographic imaging, and plasma diagnostics. Usually, people can use pulsed power devices to generate pulsed X-rays and gamma rays, and use high-voltage accelerators and radio frequency accelerators to generate charged pulsed particle beams such as electron beams, proton beams, and heavy ion beams of different energies, as well as secondary pulsed particle beams such as X-rays, gamma rays, and neutron beams.

[0003] In recent years, with the development of ultrashort and ultra-intense laser technology, people have carried out a lot of research on laser plasma and laser accelerators; using strong lasers to interact with various target materials, various radiations such as electron beams, proton beams, heavy ion beams, X-rays, and gamma rays can be generated. Compared with other generation methods, such as using traditional accelerators to generate pulsed beams, pulsed particle beams based on laser accelerators usually have shorter pulse widths and larger single-shot yields. In laser target shooting experiments, the target material is one of the most critical factors in determining the generation of rays. To this end, people use gas targets, various types of solid film targets, porous foam targets, microstructure targets, liquid film targets, laser pre-ablated film targets and other targets that interact with ultrashort and ultra-intense lasers to generate various types of rays or pulsed particle beams. According to existing research, a sufficiently high atomic number can ensure that sufficient ionization injection can be carried out when the laser pulse reaches its peak, that is, a high atomic number helps accelerate electrons with large charges, thereby obtaining secondary products such as photons and ions with a larger flux. However, in general, the density of metal targets with high atomic numbers is much higher than the critical density of the laser. It is difficult to form long-distance acceleration and produce subsequent effects after the laser is incident, which limits the study of the interaction between high-intensity lasers and low-density high-Z materials.

[0004] On the other hand, Z-pinch driven by strong pulse current is an efficient way to generate X-rays, but it requires a large driving power supply. The early process of Z-pinch, namely the electric explosion process, can cause the state and density distribution of metals to change rapidly, and can be driven by a small power supply, but this process cannot produce high-energy rays. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problem that the density of metal targets with high atomic numbers in the prior art is much higher than the critical density of the laser, which makes it difficult to form long-distance acceleration and produce subsequent effects after the laser is incident, and limits the study of the interaction between strong lasers and low-density high-Z materials. A system and method for generating a strong pulsed particle beam based on metal wire electric explosion is provided.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A strong pulse particle beam generation based on metal wire electric explosion, which is special in that it includes a pulse current source, a laser source, a laser transmission unit arranged in sequence along the laser light path, a laser focusing unit, a vacuum target chamber, and a metal wire load, a first transmission line, and a second transmission line arranged in the vacuum target chamber;

[0008] The positive end of the pulse current source, the first transmission line, the metal wire load, the second transmission line, and the negative end of the pulse current source are sequentially connected to form a return circuit, and the second transmission line is grounded;

[0009] An incident window, an exit window and a vacuum interface are arranged on the vacuum target chamber;

[0010] The first transmission line and the second transmission line are connected to the pulse current source through a vacuum interface, and are used to energize the metal wire load, so that the metal wire load generates mixed ionized substances after electrical explosion;

[0011] The laser source is used to generate femtosecond laser. After passing through the laser transmission unit and the laser focusing unit, the femtosecond laser forms a linearly polarized laser pulse. The linearly polarized laser pulse passes through the incident window and is focused in the mixed ionized material to generate a pulsed particle beam. The pulsed particle beam enters the external detection device or external application equipment through the exit window.

[0012] Furthermore, the femtosecond laser comprises a main pulse and a pre-pulse; the peak power density of the main pulse is greater than or equal to 10 18 W / cm 2 The lateral jitter after focusing is less than or equal to 100μrad, and the lateral size is less than or equal to 100μm; the contrast of the pre-pulse is greater than 10 8 @20ps.

[0013] Furthermore, the vacuum degree of the vacuum target chamber is less than or equal to 10 -2 Pa;

[0014] The peak current intensity of the pulse current is above kA level and the pulse width is below 100 ns level;

[0015] The diameter of the wire load is less than 100 μm and the length is in the order of cm.

[0016] Furthermore, the pulse width of the femtosecond laser is 20-50fs;

[0017] The laser transmission unit uses a reflector;

[0018] The laser focusing unit uses an off-axis parabolic mirror;

[0019] The vacuum target chamber is made of stainless steel, the incident window and the exit window are circular quartz windows, and the vacuum interface adopts the CF standard vacuum flange interface;

[0020] The metal wire load uses two aluminum wires, the distance between the two aluminum wires is 1.5 mm, the diameter of the two wires is 15 μm, and the length of the two wires is 2 cm.

[0021] Furthermore, it also includes a constant electromagnetic field arranged outside the return circuit.

[0022] At the same time, the present invention also provides a method for generating an intense pulsed particle beam based on metal wire electric explosion, based on the above-mentioned intense pulsed particle beam generating system based on metal wire electric explosion, which is special in that it includes the following steps:

[0023] 1] Build a strong pulse particle beam generation system based on metal wire electric explosion;

[0024] 2] Use a pulse current source to provide a pulse current to the return circuit in the vacuum target chamber, and cause the metal wire load to explode electrically to produce mixed ionized substances;

[0025] 3] Use femtosecond laser to inject into mixed ionized matter to generate pulsed particle beam;

[0026] There is a time delay between the generation of pulse current and the generation of femtosecond laser.

[0027] Further, step 4] is also included:

[0028] A constant electromagnetic field is added to the outside of the reflux circuit to regulate the plasma interaction process between the femtosecond laser and the mixed ionized matter, thereby achieving regulation of the parameters of the emitted pulse particle beam.

[0029] Further, step 3] is specifically as follows:

[0030] A laser source is used to generate a femtosecond laser, which passes through a laser transmission unit and a laser focusing unit to form a linearly polarized laser pulse. The linearly polarized laser pulse passes through an incident window and is incident on a mixed ionized substance to generate a pulsed particle beam.

[0031] Furthermore, in step 2], the vacuum degree of the vacuum target chamber is less than or equal to 10 -2 Pa; the peak current intensity of the pulse current is above kA level and the pulse width is below 100 ns level; the diameter of the metal wire load is less than 100 μm and the length is in the cm level.

[0032] Further, in step 3], the femtosecond laser comprises a main pulse and a pre-pulse; the peak power density of the main pulse is greater than or equal to 10 18 W / cm 2 The lateral jitter of the focus is less than or equal to 100μrad, and the lateral size after focusing is less than or equal to 100μm; the contrast of the pre-pulse is greater than 10 8 @20ps.

[0033] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0034] 1. The present invention provides a strong pulse particle beam generation system based on metal wire electric explosion, which combines ultrashort and ultra-strong femtosecond laser with metal wire loaded electric explosion, providing a new parameter space for femtosecond laser interaction targets. When the density is lower than the critical density of the femtosecond laser, a variety of pulse particle beams can be generated.

[0035] 2. The present invention provides a strong pulse particle beam generation system based on metal wire electric explosion. By adjusting geometric parameters such as the length, radius, number, and spacing of the metal wire loads set in the incident direction of the femtosecond laser, secondary effects such as nuclear reaction and bremsstrahlung can be achieved.

[0036] 3. The present invention provides a strong pulse particle beam generation system based on metal wire electric explosion. By adding a constant electromagnetic field outside the return circuit, the interaction process between the femtosecond laser and the plasma after the electric explosion is regulated, thereby further achieving the regulation of the parameters of the emitted pulse particle beam.

[0037] 4. The invention discloses a method for generating a strong pulse particle beam based on metal wire electric explosion. The metal wire load electric explosion increases the control mode of femtosecond laser target shooting. By delaying and controlling the state of the mixed ionized material, it can be used to generate a high-flux pulse particle beam with a pulse width of less than 100 fs. The single-shot yield is usually higher than 10 9 indivual. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of an intense pulse particle beam generation system based on metal wire electric explosion of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a current waveform generated by a pulse current source in an embodiment of a method for generating a strong pulse particle beam based on metal wire electric explosion of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the one-dimensional atomic density of a single metal wire load along the x-axis direction at 180ns after the pulse current source starts discharging in an embodiment of a method for generating a strong pulsed particle beam based on metal wire electric explosion of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the intensity distribution of X-rays with a photon energy of more than 1 keV in the xy two-dimensional space 1 ps after the femtosecond laser reaches the focal point at the designated position in an embodiment of the method for generating a strong pulsed particle beam based on the electric explosion of a metal wire of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 It is an energy spectrum diagram of high-energy electrons above 10 MeV generated in an embodiment of a method for generating a strong pulsed particle beam based on electric explosion of a metal wire of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 It is an energy spectrum diagram of more than one photon generated in an embodiment of a method for generating an intense pulsed particle beam based on electric explosion of a metal wire of the present invention.

[0044] Description of reference numerals:

[0045] 1. Laser source; 2. Laser transmission unit; 3. Laser focusing unit; 4. Vacuum target chamber; 5. Pulse current source; 6. First transmission line; 7. Metal wire load; 8. Second transmission line; 9. Pulse particle beam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, a strong pulse particle beam generation system based on metal wire electric explosion comprises a pulse current source 5, a laser source 1, a laser transmission unit 2, a laser focusing unit 3, a vacuum target chamber 4, and a metal wire load 7, a first transmission line 6, and a second transmission line 8 arranged in the vacuum target chamber 4; the positive end of the pulse current source 5, the first transmission line 6, the metal wire load 7, the second transmission line 8, and the negative end of the pulse current source 5 are connected in sequence to form a reflux circuit, and the second transmission line 8 is grounded; an incident window, an exit window, and a vacuum interface are provided on the vacuum target chamber 4; the first transmission line 6 and the second transmission line 8 are connected to the pulse current source 5 through the vacuum interface, and are used to energize the metal wire load 7, so that the metal wire load 7 generates mixed ionized substances after the electric explosion; the laser source 1 is used to generate femtosecond laser, and the femtosecond laser forms a linearly polarized laser pulse after passing through the laser transmission unit 2 and the laser focusing unit 3, and the linearly polarized laser pulse passes through the incident window and is focused in the mixed ionized substance to generate a pulse particle beam 9, and the pulse particle beam 9 enters an external detection device or an external application device through the exit window.

[0047] The peak power of laser source 1 is 1TW, the pulse width is 20-50fs, and the generated femtosecond laser contains the main pulse and the pre-pulse that arrives a few picoseconds in advance in the time domain. The peak power density of the focused main pulse is greater than or equal to 10 18 W / cm 2 , the peak intensity of the pre-pulse is several orders of magnitude lower than that of the main pulse, i.e., the contrast is greater than 10 8@20ps (the ratio of the intensity of the main pulse to the intensity of the pre-pulse within the time window of 20ps is greater than 10 8 ); the lateral jitter of the main pulse after focusing is less than or equal to 100 μrad, and the lateral size of the main pulse after focusing is less than or equal to 100 μm; in this embodiment, the femtosecond laser is a femtosecond Gaussian laser with a pulse width of 25 fs and a peak intensity of 10 21 W / cm 2 The laser transmission unit 2 uses a reflector, and the laser focusing unit 3 uses an off-axis parabolic mirror. The focal length f number of the off-axis parabolic mirror is less than 3.

[0048] The laser source 1, the laser transmission unit 2, and the laser focusing unit 3 are arranged outside the vacuum target chamber 4. These three parts are integrated as an input end. The vacuum target chamber 4 is made of 316 stainless steel, the entrance window and the exit window are made of round quartz windows, and the vacuum interface is made of CF standard vacuum flange interface; the vacuum target chamber 4 is used to provide a clean vacuum environment for laser target shooting, and its vacuum degree is less than or equal to 10 -2 Pa; the pulse current source 5 is used to generate a pulse current with a peak current intensity of more than kA level and a pulse width of less than 100 ns level; the pulse current acts on the metal wire load 7 to cause the metal wire load 7 to explode and generate mixed ionized substances. The density of the mixed ionized substances generated by the electric explosion can span 4-8 orders of magnitude during the entire explosion time.

[0049] The femtosecond laser is passed through the laser transmission unit 2 and the laser focusing unit 3 to obtain a linearly polarized laser pulse, which is transmitted to the vacuum target chamber 4 through the incident window to ensure the distance between the femtosecond laser and the vacuum target chamber 4 to reduce damage to precision devices. The linearly polarized laser pulse is focused in the return circuit, and the transverse diameter of the linearly polarized laser pulse is less than 10 μm. The linearly polarized laser pulse focused by the laser focusing unit 3 is aligned at a specified position near the metal wire load 7 (i.e., in the mixed ionized material).

[0050] The pre-pulse can further ionize the mixed ionized material with lower density (i.e., lower than the density of solid matter) generated after the electric explosion of the metal wire load 7; there is an adjustable time delay between the time when the pulse current is generated and the time when the femtosecond laser is generated, and the state of the mixed ionized material can be changed by adjusting the time delay; after the main pulse hits the target at the designated position, a laser self-focusing plasma channel will be generated in the mixed ionized material; the pulse particle beam 9 is mainly generated in the plasma channel, and the direction of the pulse particle beam 9 points to the emission direction of the femtosecond laser and has a certain divergence angle.

[0051] The two ends of the metal wire load 7 are connected to the first transmission line 6 and the second transmission line 8 respectively, so that the shape of the metal wire load 7 is fixed, and the loop current is connected through the first transmission line 6 and the second transmission line 8 at both ends; the material of the metal wire load 7 can be aluminum, and in other embodiments, copper or tungsten can also be used. The length, radius, number, spacing and other geometric parameters of the metal wire load 7 can be changed according to needs. Preferably, the diameter of the metal wire load 7 is less than 100μm and the length is in the order of cm.

[0052] When the metal wire load 7 undergoes an electrical explosion in the reflux circuit, mixed ionized matter is generated; the femtosecond laser acts on the area where the mixed ionized matter is located after a delay time set in advance, and after interaction, a pulsed particle beam 9 is generated. The pulsed particle beam 9 emitted after the interaction will have multiple components, including high-energy electron beams and photon beams with large electric charges, as well as ion beams accelerated after ionization. By adjusting the type and parameters of the metal wire load 7, the pulse current and the delay time between the femtosecond laser, the energy and spatial distribution of the emitted pulsed particle beam 9 can be changed.

[0053] Preferably, multiple metal wire loads 7 are arranged in the incident direction of the femtosecond laser, which can be used to generate secondary effects such as nuclear reaction and bremsstrahlung. The parameters of the emitted pulse particle beam 9 can also be further controlled by adding a constant electromagnetic field outside the reflux circuit to control the interaction process between the femtosecond laser and the electric explosion plasma.

[0054] The present invention utilizes the electric explosion coupling of ultrashort and ultra-intense laser and metal wire load 7 to realize the generation of short pulse width and high intensity pulse particle beam 9. The properties of the emitted pulse particle beam 9 can be controlled by changing the position and time of the interaction.

[0055] At the same time, the present invention also provides a method for generating an intense pulse particle beam based on metal wire electrical explosion, comprising the following steps:

[0056] 1] Build a strong pulse particle beam generation system based on metal wire electric explosion;

[0057] 2] Using the pulse current source 5 to provide a pulse current to the return circuit in the vacuum target chamber 4, and causing the metal wire load 7 to explode electrically to generate mixed ionized substances;

[0058] 3] A femtosecond laser is injected into the mixed ionized matter to generate a pulsed particle beam 9; there is a time delay between the generation of the pulse current and the generation of the femtosecond laser.

[0059] In the experimental preparation stage, determine the delay time, laser focus position, laser intensity, and laser focal spot size used in the experiment. According to the needs of generating a pulsed particle beam 9, set the type and geometric parameters of the standby wire load 7. Use the signal generator in the pulse current source 5 to control the delay, and its zero point corresponds to the moment when the trigger current source starts to discharge. Ensure that all parts of the system are correctly connected, replace the wire load 7, set the delay time, ensure that the laser beam is aligned with the specified position, make the vacuum degree of the vacuum target chamber 4 meet the predetermined requirements, and connect the exit window of the vacuum target chamber 4 to the external detection device or external application equipment. In the experimental stage, all physical processes will end within 1μs. In the post-processing stage, observe the device status and complete the reading of the measurement data.

[0060] In this experimental example, the peak power of the laser source 1 is 1PW; the pulse width of the femtosecond laser is 25fs; the metal wire load 7 is two aluminum wires, the spacing between the two aluminum wires is 1.5mm, the diameter of each wire is 15μm, and the length is 2cm; the delay time between the generation of pulse current and the generation of femtosecond laser is 180ns; in other embodiments, the metal wire load 7 can also be a tungsten wire with a diameter of 10μm and a length of 2cm; the delay time between the generation of pulse current and the generation of femtosecond laser is 30ns.

[0061] like Figure 2 As shown, the femtosecond laser is focused at 15 μm from the center line of the metal wire load 7, and a voltage waveform with a peak voltage reaching kV level is generated by a pulse current source 5 and applied to both ends of the metal wire load 7. Figure 2 The horizontal axis represents time in ns, and the vertical axis represents current in kA. Figure 2 It can be seen that the peak current intensity exceeds 1.7kA and the duration exceeds 60ns.

[0062] like Figure 3 As shown, it is a one-dimensional atomic density diagram of a single metal wire load 7 along the x-axis direction 180ns after the pulse current source 5 starts to discharge, wherein the horizontal axis represents the radius of the cross section of the metal wire load 7 on the x-axis, and the vertical axis represents the atomic density (density), in m -3 ;from Figure 3 It can be seen that the high peak intensity femtosecond laser injection at 180ns corresponds to the laser peak reaching the electrical explosion product 400μm away from the center of the metal wire load 7.

[0063] like Figure 4 As shown, it is the intensity distribution diagram of the X-ray with photon energy of 1keV in the xy two-dimensional space 1ps after the femtosecond laser reaches the focus at the specified position. The horizontal axis represents the radius of the cross section of the metal wire load 7 on the X axis, and the vertical axis represents the radius of the cross section of the metal wire load 7 on the Y axis. Figure 4It can be seen that the number of photons above 1 keV in the 2D PIC (particl ei n-cel) simulation exceeds 3×10 17 Through the whole action process, a large number of X-rays are generated in the system, and the longitudinal length of their spatial distribution is 30μm, that is, 100fs.

[0064] like Figure 5 As shown in FIG. 1 , it is the energy spectrum of high-energy electrons above 10 MeV generated 1 ps after laser injection. The horizontal axis represents the kinetic energy of a single electron, and the vertical axis represents the normalized intensity (au, arb itraryun it ts); Figure 5 It can be seen that a large number of high-energy electrons with a wide energy spectrum are generated during the laser action. Figure 6 The X-ray energy spectrum when the photon energy reaches above 1 keV at the corresponding moment is displayed, wherein the horizontal axis represents the energy of a single photon and the vertical axis represents the normalized intensity.

[0065] The present invention discloses a method for generating a strong pulse particle beam based on metal wire electric explosion, wherein a unique material state is created by electric explosion of a metal wire load 7, and then an ultrashort and ultra-strong femtosecond laser is used to generate acceleration and oscillation of high-energy electrons in the electric explosion material (mixed ionized material), thereby emitting a large amount of high-energy rays, and the method can easily control the output products (i.e., ion beam, photon beam, electron beam) by adjusting parameters. In the emission direction of the X-ray (ion beam), the generated X-ray can be detected by adding a scintillator detector or an IP plate, and other types of radiation detectors can also be used to measure different types of pulse particle beams. The X-ray generated in the emission direction can also be used in the fields of high energy density physical diagnosis, material analysis, detector calibration, etc.

Claims

1. A system for generating an intense pulsed particle beam based on metal wire electric explosion, characterized in that: The invention comprises a pulse current source (5), a laser source (1), a laser transmission unit (2), a laser focusing unit (3), a vacuum target chamber (4) arranged in sequence along the optical path of the laser source (1), and a metal wire load (7), a first transmission line (6), and a second transmission line (8) arranged in the vacuum target chamber (4); The positive end of the pulse current source (5), the first transmission line (6), the metal wire load (7), the second transmission line (8), and the negative end of the pulse current source (5) are connected in sequence to form a return circuit, and the second transmission line (8) is grounded; The vacuum target chamber (4) is provided with an incident window, an exit window and a vacuum interface; The first transmission line (6) and the second transmission line (8) are connected to the pulse current source (5) via a vacuum interface, and are used to energize the metal wire load (7), so that the metal wire load (7) generates mixed ionized substances after electrical explosion; The laser source (1) is used to generate femtosecond laser light. The femtosecond laser light passes through a laser transmission unit (2) and a laser focusing unit (3) to form a linearly polarized laser pulse. The linearly polarized laser pulse passes through an incident window and is focused in a mixed ionized substance to generate a pulsed particle beam (9). The pulsed particle beam (9) enters an external detection device or an external application device through an exit window.

2. The system for generating an intense pulsed particle beam based on metal wire electric explosion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The femtosecond laser comprises a main pulse and a pre-pulse; the peak power density of the main pulse is greater than or equal to 10 18 W / cm 2 The lateral jitter after focusing is less than or equal to 100μrad, and the lateral size is less than or equal to 100μm; the contrast of the pre-pulse is greater than 10 8 @20ps.

3. The system for generating an intense pulsed particle beam based on metal wire electric explosion according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vacuum degree of the vacuum target chamber (4) is less than or equal to 10 -2 Pa; The peak current intensity of the pulse current is above kA level and the pulse width is below 100 ns level; The diameter of the metal wire load (7) is less than 100 μm and the length is in the order of cm.

4. A system for generating an intense pulsed particle beam based on metal wire electric explosion according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The pulse width of the femtosecond laser is 20-50fs; The laser transmission unit (2) uses a reflecting mirror; The laser focusing unit (3) adopts an off-axis parabolic mirror; The vacuum target chamber (4) is made of stainless steel, the incident window and the exit window are circular quartz windows, and the vacuum interface is a CF standard vacuum flange interface; The metal wire load (7) is made of two aluminum wires, the distance between the two aluminum wires is 1.5 mm, the diameter of the two aluminum wires is 15 μm, and the length of the two aluminum wires is 2 cm.

5. The system for generating an intense pulsed particle beam based on metal wire electric explosion according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included is a constant electromagnetic field disposed outside the return circuit.

6. A method for generating an intense pulsed particle beam based on metal wire electric explosion, based on the intense pulsed particle beam generating system based on metal wire electric explosion according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1] Build a strong pulse particle beam generation system based on metal wire electric explosion; 2] Using a pulse current source (5) to provide a pulse current to a return circuit in a vacuum target chamber (4), and causing the metal wire load (7) to explode electrically to generate mixed ionized matter; 3] Using femtosecond laser to irradiate the mixed ionized matter to generate a pulsed particle beam (9); There is a time delay between the generation of the pulse current and the generation of the femtosecond laser.

7. A method for generating an intense pulsed particle beam based on metal wire electric explosion according to claim 6, characterized in that: Also includes step 4]: A constant electromagnetic field is added outside the return circuit to regulate the plasma interaction process between the femtosecond laser and the mixed ionized matter, thereby achieving regulation of the parameters of the emitted pulse particle beam (9).

8. The method for generating an intense pulsed particle beam based on metal wire electric explosion according to claim 7, characterized in that: Step 3] Specifically: A laser source (1) is used to generate a femtosecond laser, which passes through a laser transmission unit (2) and a laser focusing unit (3) to form a linearly polarized laser pulse, which passes through an incident window and is incident on a mixed ionized substance to generate a pulsed particle beam (9).

9. A method for generating an intense pulsed particle beam based on metal wire electric explosion according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 2], the vacuum degree of the vacuum target chamber (4) is less than or equal to 10 -2 Pa; the peak current intensity of the pulse current is above kA level and the pulse width is below 100 ns level; The diameter of the metal wire load (7) is less than 100 μm and the length is in the order of cm.

10. The method for generating an intense pulsed particle beam based on metal wire electric explosion according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step 3], the femtosecond laser comprises a main pulse and a pre-pulse; the peak power density of the main pulse is greater than or equal to 10 18 W / cm 2 The lateral jitter of the focus is less than or equal to 100μrad, and the lateral size after focusing is less than or equal to 100μm; the contrast of the pre-pulse is greater than 10 8 @20ps.

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