Precise fertilizing device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a precise fertilizing device which comprises a fertilizer box, a fertilizer apparatus, a fertilizer conveying pipe, a distributor, a fertilizer discharging pipe, a connecting rack supporting piece and a controller. A discharging port of the fertilizer box is communicated with a feeding port of the fertilizer apparatus, a discharging port of the fertilizer apparatus is communicated with a feeding port of the fertilizer conveying pipe, the lower end of the fertilizer conveying pipe is installed at the upper end of the distributor, the fertilizer discharging pipe is installed at the lower end of the distributor, and the connecting rack supporting piece is installed at the upper end of the fertilizer discharging pipe. The distributor comprises a shell, the upper end of the shell is provided with a feed port, the feed port of the shell is communicated with the discharge port of the fertilizer conveying pipe, the lower end of the shell is provided with a discharge port, and the discharge port of the shell is communicated with the feed port of the fertilizer discharging pipe; the problems that according to an existing fertilizer application mode, fertilizer distribution is not uniform and the growth consistency of crops is affected due to broadcast sowing through a rotary cultivator, and fertilizer waste is easily caused, the cost is increased and negative influences are possibly generated on the environment due to a strip-shaped fertilizer application mode of seed and fertilizer simultaneous sowing are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a precision fertilization device. Background Art

[0002] In modern agricultural practice, the method of applying fertilizers directly affects the yield and quality of crops. Common fertilizer application methods include broadcasting and seed and fertilizer broadcasting. Broadcasting mainly uses a rotary tiller to spread fertilizer in the field and mix it into the soil through tillage; seed and fertilizer broadcasting uses a seed and fertilizer broadcasting machine to drop seeds into the trench through a seed discharge device, and at the same time, fertilizer is applied to the soil layer near or below the seeds through an independent fertilizer delivery pipe, and then the soil is covered back on the trench through a covering device.

[0003] However, the existing broadcasting and seed and fertilizer co-sowing technologies each have certain limitations. For broadcasting, it is necessary to rely on a rotary tiller for spreading, but the application of fertilizer by the rotary tiller is not precise. If the fertilizer is not mixed evenly with the soil, it is easy to cause excessive or insufficient fertilizer in local areas, which in turn leads to fertilizer-deficient areas, affecting the consistency of crop growth and the final yield; as for seed and fertilizer co-sowing, the seeds are sown at a set distance through the seed-sowing device and fall into the groove, while the fertilizer is often applied in strips to the soil layer near or below the seeds. This strip fertilization method easily leads to the inability to effectively use fertilizers in places far away from the seeds sown in spots, resulting in fertilizer waste, increased costs, and possible negative impacts on the environment.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to invent a precise fertilization device to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a precision fertilization device to solve the problems in existing fertilizer application methods, such as uneven fertilizer distribution caused by spreading through a rotary tiller, which affects the consistency of crop growth, and strip fertilization method of sowing seeds and fertilizers at the same time, which easily causes fertilizer waste, increases costs, and may have a negative impact on the environment.

[0006] The present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions: A precision fertilization device, comprising a fertilizer box, a fertilizer dispenser, a fertilizer delivery pipe, a distributor, a fertilizer discharge pipe, a connecting frame support and a controller; The discharge port of the fertilizer box is connected to the feed port of the fertilizer dispenser, the discharge port of the fertilizer dispenser is connected to the feed port of the fertilizer delivery pipe, the lower end of the fertilizer delivery pipe is installed on the upper end of the distributor, the fertilizer delivery pipe is installed on the lower end of the distributor, and the connecting frame support is installed on the upper end of the fertilizer delivery pipe; The distributor includes a shell, an upper end of the shell is provided with a feed port, and the feed port of the shell is connected to the discharge port of the fertilizer delivery pipe, a lower end of the shell is provided with a discharge port, and the discharge port of the shell is connected to the feed port of the fertilizer discharge pipe, an outer side wall of the shell is installed with a motor box, the lower end of the motor box is fixed to the upper end of the connecting frame support, a motor is arranged in the motor box, the motor is electrically connected to the controller, the end of the output shaft of the motor is rotatably connected to the outer side wall of the shell, a cam is fixed to the middle part of the output shaft of the motor, the upper end of the shell is rotatably connected to the distribution plate shaft, the distribution plate shaft is transmission-connected to the cam, a return spring is installed between the distribution plate shaft and the outer side wall of the shell, a movable distribution plate is fixed on the distribution plate shaft, a fixed distribution plate is fixed to the upper end of the shell, the movable distribution plate and the fixed distribution plate are both located in the inner cavity of the shell and are arranged opposite to each other, and the opposite ends of the movable distribution plate and the fixed distribution plate are fitted.

[0007] Furthermore, the movable distribution plate and the fixed distribution plate are both concave and arranged opposite to each other, and the movable distribution plate and the fixed distribution plate cooperate to form an inverted cone-shaped fertilizer seed groove.

[0008] Furthermore, a guide groove is provided at the bottom end of the fixed distribution plate, and a sealing piece matching the guide groove is provided at the bottom end of the movable distribution plate.

[0009] Further, the end of the distribution plate shaft contacts the protrusion of the cam.

[0010] Furthermore, the motor box includes a base, the base is fixed to the outer side wall of the shell, the motor is installed in the base, and a side cover is installed on the side of the base.

[0011] Furthermore, the fertilizer discharger is an electric-driven fertilizer discharger, and the controller is electrically connected to the motor of the electric-driven fertilizer discharger and the flow sensor of the electric-driven fertilizer discharger respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, the controller is a single chip microcomputer.

[0013] The precision fertilization device of the present invention effectively improves the fertilization efficiency through the combination of precise mechanical structure and electronic control system. The internal design of the distributor is ingenious. The cam is driven by a motor to rotate, so that the movable distribution plate is periodically opened and closed. In conjunction with the electric-driven fertilizer discharger and the controller, the fertilizer discharge amount can be accurately adjusted to achieve point-like precise quantitative distribution of fertilizer, avoiding the problem of uneven fertilizer distribution caused by the existing sowing through a rotary tiller, ensuring that each crop can obtain an appropriate amount of nutrients, and improving the consistency and yield of crop growth; at the same time, the device makes full use of fertilizer through precise point fertilization, effectively avoiding the problem that the strip fertilization method of sowing seeds and fertilizers at the same time easily leads to the inability to effectively utilize fertilizers in places far away from the seeds sown in point form, thereby causing fertilizer waste, saving costs while protecting the environment; in addition, the design that is easy to adjust and maintain makes daily maintenance easier and ensures stability and efficiency in long-term use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the distributor in the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the distributor in the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the distributor in the present invention. Figure 3 .

[0019] Figure 6 The structure of the movable distribution plate and the fixed distribution plate in the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 .

[0020] Figure 7 The structure of the movable distribution plate and the fixed distribution plate in the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 .

[0021] Figure 8 The structure of the movable distribution plate and the fixed distribution plate in the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 3 .

[0022] In the figure: 1. Fertilizer box; 2. Fertilizer dispenser; 3. Fertilizer delivery pipe; 4. Distributor; 5. Fertilizer discharge pipe; 6. Connecting frame support; 7. Housing; 8. Motor box; 9. Motor; 10. Cam; 11. Distribution plate shaft; 12. Return spring; 13. Movable distribution plate; 14. Fixed distribution plate; 15. Sealing piece; 16. Base; 17. Side cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] A precision fertilization device, as shown in the following Figure 1 ~Attached Figure 8 As shown, it includes a fertilizer box 1, a fertilizer dispensing device 2, a fertilizer delivery pipe 3, a distributor 4, a fertilizer dispensing pipe 5, a connecting frame support 6 and a controller; The discharge port of the fertilizer box 1 is connected to the feed port of the fertilizer discharging device 2, the discharge port of the fertilizer discharging device 2 is connected to the feed port of the fertilizer delivery pipe 3, the lower end of the fertilizer delivery pipe 3 is installed on the upper end of the distributor 4, the fertilizer discharging pipe 5 is installed on the lower end of the distributor 4, and the connecting frame support 6 is installed on the upper end of the fertilizer discharging pipe 5; The distributor 4 includes a shell 7, a feed port is provided at the upper end of the shell 7, and the feed port of the shell 7 is communicated with the discharge port of the fertilizer delivery pipe 3, a discharge port is provided at the lower end of the shell 7, and the discharge port of the shell 7 is communicated with the feed port of the fertilizer discharge pipe 5, a motor box 8 is installed on the outer wall of the shell 7, the lower end of the motor box 8 is fixed to the upper end of the connecting frame support 6, a motor 9 is arranged in the motor box 8, the motor 9 is electrically connected to the controller, the end of the output shaft of the motor 9 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the shell 7, and the middle part of the output shaft of the motor 9 is fixed There is a cam 10, and a distribution plate shaft 11 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the shell 7. The end of the distribution plate shaft 11 contacts the protrusion of the cam 10. The distribution plate shaft 11 is transmission-connected to the cam 10. A return spring 12 is installed between the distribution plate shaft 11 and the outer side wall of the shell 7. A movable distribution plate 13 is fixed on the distribution plate shaft 11, and a fixed distribution plate 14 is fixed to the upper end of the shell 7. The movable distribution plate 13 and the fixed distribution plate 14 are both located in the inner cavity of the shell 7 and are arranged opposite to each other, and the opposite ends of the movable distribution plate 13 and the fixed distribution plate 14 are fitted together.

[0024] The fertilizer discharger 2 is an electric-driven fertilizer discharger, and the controller is electrically connected to the motor of the electric-driven fertilizer discharger and the flow sensor of the electric-driven fertilizer discharger respectively.

[0025] The controller is a single chip microcomputer.

[0026] The distributor 4 composed of the housing 7, the motor box 8, the motor 9, the cam 10, the distribution plate shaft 11, the reset spring 12, the movable distribution plate 13 and the fixed distribution plate 14 in the present invention drives the cam 10 to rotate by the motor 9, so that the movable distribution plate 13 is periodically opened and closed, so as to distribute the fertilizer transported by the fertilizer delivery pipe 3 and accurately apply it to the seed hole through the fertilizer discharge pipe 5, thereby improving the utilization rate of the fertilizer. Specifically, when the driving cam 10 rotates, it will push the distribution plate shaft 11 to rotate, so as to realize the precise control of the movable distribution plate 13 and the fixed distribution plate 14 from the closed state to the open state, and the reset spring 12 ensures that the movable distribution plate 13 and the fixed distribution plate 1 4 automatically recovers from an open state to a closed state to control the discharge amount of fertilizer. At the same time, the electric-driven fertilizer distributor can accurately control the output amount of fertilizer, and feed back to the controller through the flow sensor to adjust the speed of the motor of the electric-driven fertilizer distributor and the motor 9 of the distributor 4, so as to achieve precise point fertilization, solve the problem of uneven fertilizer distribution caused by relying on a rotary tiller in the traditional sowing method, avoid the situation of excessive or insufficient fertilizer in local areas, thereby improving the consistency of crop growth and the final yield; in addition, the device effectively avoids the problem of fertilizer waste caused by the strip fertilization method of sowing seeds and fertilizers at the same time, which increases costs and may have a negative impact on the environment through precise point fertilization.

[0027] The connecting frame support 6 provides mechanical support to ensure that the device is stable and reliable during operation.

[0028] The movable distribution plate 13 and the fixed distribution plate 14 are both concave and arranged opposite to each other, and the movable distribution plate 13 and the fixed distribution plate 14 cooperate to form an inverted cone-shaped fertilizer seed groove.

[0029] The design of the inverted cone-shaped seed-fertilizer groove formed by the movable distribution plate 13 and the fixed distribution plate 14 helps to more accurately control the amount of fertilizer distributed to the crop seeds each time. This shape can ensure that the fertilizer flows smoothly to the bottom of the inverted cone-shaped seed-fertilizer groove under the action of gravity, and is discharged through the regular opening and closing action of the movable distribution plate 13 and the fixed distribution plate 14.

[0030] The bottom end of the fixed distribution plate 14 is provided with a guide groove, and the bottom end of the movable distribution plate 13 is provided with a blocking piece 15 matching the guide groove.

[0031] The design of the guide groove and the blocking piece 15 can ensure that the fertilizer can completely pass through when the movable distribution plate 13 rotates, and can be tightly matched to prevent the fertilizer from flowing when fertilization is not required.

[0032] The motor box 8 includes a base 16 , which is fixed to the outer wall of the housing 7 , the motor 9 is installed in the base 16 , and a side cover 17 is installed on the side of the base 16 .

[0033] The base 16 and the side cover 17 are used to protect the motor 9 from the influence of the external environment and facilitate repair and maintenance.

[0034] When in use, first pour the fertilizer into the fertilizer box 1, set the fertilization parameters in the controller, including the amount of fertilizer and the interval of fertilization, to meet the corresponding crop needs, and after installing and fixing the fertilization device on the tractor, start the tractor to drive the fertilization device forward. At this time, the movable distribution plate 13 and the fixed distribution plate 14 remain in a closed state, and the controller starts the electric drive fertilizer discharger and sends the set amount of fertilizer into the inverted cone-shaped fertilizer groove in the distributor 4 through the fertilizer delivery pipe 3. When the fertilization device reaches the seed hole, the controller starts the motor 9, and the output shaft of the motor 9 rotates and drives the cam 10 to rotate. The protrusion of the cam 10 gradually approaches and pushes the end of the distribution plate shaft 11 to make it rotate. While the distribution plate shaft 11 rotates, it drives the movable distribution plate 13 to move away from the fixed distribution plate. The plate 14 is rotated in the direction of opening, at this time, the fertilizer in the inverted cone-shaped seed and fertilizer groove is accurately put into the seed hole through the fertilizer discharge pipe 5, the cam 10 continues to rotate, and its protrusion gradually leaves the distribution plate shaft 11, and no longer applies thrust to the distribution plate shaft 11, in the absence of external force, the restoring force of the reset spring 12 pulls the distribution plate shaft 11 back to its original position, so that the movable distribution plate 13 and the fixed distribution plate 14 are closed again, ready for the next fertilization, thereby completing the use of the fertilization device; it overcomes the problems of the existing fertilizer application method that sowing through a rotary tiller easily leads to uneven fertilizer distribution, affecting the consistency of crop growth, and the strip fertilization method of sowing seeds and fertilizers at the same time easily causes fertilizer waste, increases costs, and may have a negative impact on the environment.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0036] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A precision fertilization device, characterized in that: It comprises a fertilizer box (1), a fertilizer discharger (2), a fertilizer delivery pipe (3), a distributor (4), a fertilizer discharge pipe (5), a connecting frame support (6) and a controller; The discharge port of the fertilizer box (1) is connected to the feed port of the fertilizer discharging device (2), the discharge port of the fertilizer discharging device (2) is connected to the feed port of the fertilizer delivery pipe (3), the lower end of the fertilizer delivery pipe (3) is mounted on the upper end of the distributor (4), the fertilizer discharging pipe (5) is mounted on the lower end of the distributor (4), and the connecting frame support (6) is mounted on the upper end of the fertilizer discharging pipe (5); The distributor (4) comprises a shell (7), the upper end of the shell (7) is provided with a feed port, and the feed port of the shell (7) is communicated with the discharge port of the fertilizer delivery pipe (3), the lower end of the shell (7) is provided with a discharge port, and the discharge port of the shell (7) is communicated with the feed port of the fertilizer discharge pipe (5), the outer side wall of the shell (7) is provided with a motor box (8), the lower end of the motor box (8) is fixed to the upper end of the connecting frame support member (6), a motor (9) is arranged in the motor box (8), the motor (9) is electrically connected to the controller, the end of the output shaft of the motor (9) is rotatably connected to the outer side wall of the shell (7), and the motor (9) is connected to the outer side wall of the shell (7). A cam (10) is fixed to the middle of the output shaft of (9), and a distribution plate shaft (11) is rotatably connected to the upper end of the shell (7). The distribution plate shaft (11) is transmission-connected to the cam (10), and a return spring (12) is installed between the distribution plate shaft (11) and the outer side wall of the shell (7). A movable distribution plate (13) is fixed to the distribution plate shaft (11), and a fixed distribution plate (14) is fixed to the upper end of the shell (7). The movable distribution plate (13) and the fixed distribution plate (14) are both located in the inner cavity of the shell (7) and are arranged opposite to each other, and the opposite ends of the movable distribution plate (13) and the fixed distribution plate (14) are in contact with each other.

2. A precision fertilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable distribution plate (13) and the fixed distribution plate (14) are both concave and arranged opposite to each other, and the movable distribution plate (13) and the fixed distribution plate (14) cooperate to form an inverted cone-shaped fertilizer seed groove.

3. A precision fertilization device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom end of the fixed distribution plate (14) is provided with a guide groove, and the bottom end of the movable distribution plate (13) is provided with a blocking piece (15) matching the guide groove.

4. A precision fertilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the distribution plate shaft (11) contacts the protrusion of the cam (10).

5. A precision fertilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor box (8) comprises a base (16), the base (16) is fixed to the outer wall of the housing (7), the motor (9) is installed in the base (16), and a side cover (17) is installed on the side of the base (16).

6. A precision fertilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizer discharger (2) is an electrically driven fertilizer discharger, and the controller is electrically connected to a motor of the electrically driven fertilizer discharger and a flow sensor of the electrically driven fertilizer discharger, respectively.

7. The precision fertilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller is a single chip microcomputer.

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